Day 10-2022中考英语考前抢分练之阅读理解专练（牛津译林版）

Day 10

A

How did the sea horse get its name? It’s not hard to guess. The top half of the fish looks like a small horse.

Sea horses live in warm ocean waters all over the world. There are 32 different kinds of sea horses. Their sizes are quite different from one inch long to about one foot long. Because their fins are small, sea horses swim very slowly. They keep safe from other fish by hiding in plants and grasses. They can also change colours to keep themselves safe. Sea horses feed on live food, such as tiny shrimps. A sea horse has no teeth, so it eats the shrimp whole.

A sea horse keeps the same mate for its whole life, unlike most kinds of fish. And it’s the male sea horse, not the female, which gives birth to baby sea horses. How does this happen? Baby sea horses start out as eggs, which come from the female’s body. But the female places the eggs in the male sea horse’s pouch (育儿袋). The male carries the eggs for about three weeks until they hatch (孵化).

The number of sea horses is becoming smaller. Why is this happening? Some places where sea horses once lived have been filled in to make new land. Also, many sea horses are caught and kept in aquariums (水箱) where they can’t live long. The best place for a sea horse is the ocean. There it can find a mate and bring new sea horses into the world.

1．Sea horses do the following things except________to keep themselves safe from other fish.

A．changing colours B．changing sizes

C．hiding in plants D．hiding in grasses

2．What does a female sea horse do with her eggs?

A．She carries the eggs for about three weeks.

B．She hatches them under the water by herself.

C．She places them in the male sea horse’s pouch.

D．She hides them in plants and grasses in the water.

3．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Father Sea Horses B．All About Sea Horses

C．Kinds of Sea Horses D．How Sea Horses Grow

【答案】

1．B

2．C

3．B

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关海马的知识，包括海马名字的来历、生活习性、如何繁殖以及数量越来越少的原因等内容。

1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They keep safe from other fish by hiding in plants and grasses. They can also change colours to keep themselves safe.”可知海马躲在植物和草中以及通过改变颜色来躲避其他鱼类，保护自己的安全，故选B。

2．

细节理解题。根据第三段中“But the female places the eggs in the male sea horse’s pouch (育儿袋).”可知雌海马会把海马蛋放在雄海马的育儿袋里，故选C。

3．最佳标题。浏览全文，文章主要介绍了有关海马的知识，包括海马名字的来历、生活习性、如何繁殖以及数量越来越少的原因等内容，所以文章都是围绕海马的知识展开的，故选B。

B

New Heights

The world is full of amazing lifts (电梯). Here are some of them.

The world’s fastest lift is in Shanghai Tower, in China. It travels almost as fast as a cheetah — the fastest animal on land. Whoosh!|

The Bailong Lift is the tallest outdoor lift on Earth. It is on the side of a cliff, in China. Would you want to ride in it?

The first sideways lift is in Germany. Engineers are testing it. It can travel up and down, too! Some people say it is the lift of the future.

The Burj Khalifa is the world’s tallest building. It is in Dubai — a city in Middle East. This building’s lifts are the third-fastest in the world.

4．How many lifts in China are mentioned above?

A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.

5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Dubai has the tallest building and fastest lift on Earth.

B．A cheetah can’t travel as fast as the world’s fastest lift.

C．The Bailong Lift is the tallest outdoor lift in the world.

D．Sideways lifts from Germany are widely used in the world.

6．You can probably read this passage from a/an ________.

A．science fiction B．travel magazine C．romantic novel D．instruction book

【答案】

4．B

5．C

6．B

【分析】

文章是对世界上电梯之最的一些介绍。有世界上最快的电梯，也有世界上室外最高的电梯，也有第一个侧向升降电梯等。

4．细节理解题。根据文中The world’s fastest lift is in Shanghai Tower, in China. The Bailong Lift is the tallest outdoor lift on Earth. It is on the side of a cliff, in China.可知，中国的电梯提到了两次，故选B。

5．细节理解题。根据文中It is in Dubai — a city in Middle East. This building’s lifts are the third-fastest in the world. 它在中东的一个城市——迪拜。这座大楼的电梯是世界上第三快的。可知A选项错误；根据文中The world’s fastest lift is in Shanghai Tower, in China. It travels almost as fast as a cheetah — the fastest animal on land. 世界上最快的电梯是在中国的上海塔。它的速度几乎和陆地上跑得最快的动物印度豹一样快。可知B选项错误；根据文中The Bailong Lift is the tallest outdoor lift on Earth. 百龙电梯是世界上最高的室外电梯。可知C选项描述正确；根据文中The first sideways lift is in Germany. Engineers are testing it. 第一个侧向升降电梯是在德国。工程师们正在测试它。可知D选项错误，故选C。

6．推理判断题。根据文章的理解及文章的开头The world is full of amazing lifts (电梯). Here are some of them.描写可知，文章主要是介绍电梯之最的，这样可以吸引人们去参观旅游，所以应该是在旅游杂志上看到的可能性比较大，故选B。

C

Fourteen-year-old Miguel Diaz talks about an exciting science project. Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr. Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and different kinds of creatures（生物）that live in this part of the sea. The Flower Gardens are a long way from the shore and we spent three days on a boat.

The team used a piece of underwater equipment called a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to collect information. The ROV could measure water depth and temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to operate it a few times.

However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving (潜水) into the water. At first, I was quite scared---mainly because I couldn’t' t see land in any direction. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn't afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colorful fish swimming around and I could see all the ways to the Flower Gardens, which arealmost 30 meters down.

I will never forget the Flower Gardens. The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and research projects. It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals (目标) in life. The experience will help me work harder to become a scientist.

87

A．It was difficult to operate.

B．It could only measure water depth.

C．It was an expensive piece of equipment.

D．It recorded what was happening under water.

8．What was Miguel’s attitude (态度) towards diving?

A．His main worry was long sight of the boat.

B．He enjoyed it less than other parts of the trip.

C．His feeling changed when he was in the water.

D．He was frightened by the fish swimming around.

9．What influence has the trip had on Miguel?

A．It has changed his opinion of science.

B．It has made him more interested in the sea.

C．It has improved the way he works in a team.

D．It has encouraged him to work towards his goal.

10．What does Miguel Diaz write this article for?

A．To describe the part he played in a science project.

B．To explain how to ask for a place on a science trip.

C．To give advice on understanding difficult areas of science.

D．To encourage others to organize their science projects.

【答案】

7．D

8．C

9．D

10．D

【分析】

这篇短文中14岁的Miguel Diaz讲述了他参与的一次科学研究项目，他和一个研究团队去了墨西哥湾一个叫“花园”的地方，去了解鱼和不同种类生物。这次经历让他学到了很多。

7．细节理解题。根据短文第二段“The ROV could measure water depth and temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to operate it a few times.”可知，ROV可以测量水深和温度，它还有一个摄像头，可以将现场的录像传回来。因此D选项“它能记录水下发生的事情”符合文意，故选D。

8．细节理解题。根据短文第三段“However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving (潜水) into the water. At first, I was quite scared. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn't afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colorful fish swimming around”可知，一开始，Miguel很害怕，但是当他一跳进水里，他就不再害怕了。故选C。

9．细节理解题。根据短文第四段“It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals (目标) in life. The experience will help me work harder to become a scientist.”可知，这次经历让Miguel坚定信心，更加努力学习，成为一名科学家。故选D。

10．推理判断题。A“描述他在这个科学项目中担当的角色”；B“解释如何在一次科学旅行中申请一个位置”；C“对于理解科学中困难的领域提出建议”；D“鼓励其他人组织他们的科学项目”。根据文意课，这篇短文中作者Miguel讲述了他参与的一次科学研究项目，这次经历给他留下了深刻的印象，坚定了他成为科学家的决心。D选项比较符合文意，故选D。

D

When you're in school, the last thing you want to do is to work on weekends. There's homework to do, sports to play, fun to have. But our parents may persuade(劝说) us to find a job to earn money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager, I had to deliver the newspapers to people's homes. Then I got a Saturday job at a supermarket: putting everything in order on the shelves and working as a shopkeeper.

Today in the UK you can work from the age of 13 and many children have part-time jobs. It is almost seen as an adult ceremony. It's an independent experience. Teenagers agreed that it taught them valuable lessons about working and managing money with adults. So that's not a bad thing!

Some research suggests that not working on Saturdays or holidays may be harmful to one's later life. But recent statistics（数据统计）show 20％of the students have given up having part-time jobs in the past three years.

So does this mean British teenagers are now more afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts believe young people feel that going out to work hinders（阻碍） their performance in school, they are now under more pressure(压力) to study hard, get good grades and have a good job in the long run. However, proper part-time jobs are a great way to help young people learn the skills they need in the workplace. In fact, the key is to keep a balance between taking a part-time job and having enough time to study and rest.

Many young people actually want to work because it gives them a sense of freedom. A 13-year-old girl named Rachel works in a shop on Saturday. She told the BBC: I like my job because I'm making money and it helps me to talk to people confidently and work with others closely. It seems like a valuable thing to do on a Saturday morning.

11．When I was a teenager, I  ___________at first.

A．had too much homework to do B．played sports with my good friends

C．delivered newspapers to people’s homes D．had a part-time job on Saturday

12．Who can have a part-time job in the UK?

A．Gavin a 14-year-old boy B．Aron an 11-year-old boy

C．Loretta a 12-year-old girl D．Victoria an 8-year-old girl

13．What makes some students give up part-time jobs ?

A．They are now more afraid of hard work.

B．Taking part-time jobs may be harmful to their later life.

C．Going out to work hinders their performance in school.

D．Taking part-time jobs isn’t a great way to help them learn skills.

14．Rachel likes her part-time job because ___________

① She can make some money.

② She can get good grades.

③ It helps her talk with people confidently.

④ It helps her get away from pressure.

A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④

15．The writer’s purpose in writing the passage is___________

A．To introduce his own part-time job experience.

B．To encourage students to take a part-time job.

C．To tell students how to keep a balance between study and jobs.

D．To make a survey on part-time jobs.

【答案】

11．C

12．A

13．C

14．C

15．B

【分析】

本文讲述了学生兼职对学习的影响。由于担心兼职会影响他们的学业成绩，很多学生选择不兼职。但兼职是可以增加学生的社会阅历，有利于学生增长见识。

11．细节理解题。根据When I was a teenager, I had to deliver the newspapers to people's homes. Then I got a Saturday job at a supermarket，可知，当作者十几岁的时候，他的第一份周六的兼职工作，先是把报纸送到人们的家里，然后在超市做兼职。故选C。

12．细节理解题。根据Today in the UK you can work from the age of 13 and many children have part-time jobs，可知，在英国13岁起就可以做兼职。四个选项中只有A选项是超过13岁。故选A。

13．细节理解题。根据Some experts believe young people feel that going out to work hinders their performance in school，可知，一些学生放弃兼职的原因是因为他们感觉出去工作会影响他们的学习成绩。故选C.

14．细节理解题。根据I like my job because I'm making money and it helps me to talk to people confidently and work with others closely，可知，雷切尔喜欢兼职是因为既可以赚到钱，又可以帮助她更有自信地跟别人交流。故选C。

15．观点态度题。根据However, proper part-time jobs are a great way to help young people learn the skills they need in the workplace“然后，适当的兼职是可以有效的帮助年轻人学习他们在工作中需要的技能”，可知，作者是鼓励学生做兼职工作。故选B。

【点睛】

本文是一篇议论文。讲述了学生兼职对学习的影响。由于担心兼职会影响他们的学业成绩，很多学生选择不兼职。但作者认为兼职是可以增加学生的社会阅历，有利于学生增长见识。题型有细节理解题和观点态度题。细节理解题是要结合原文和题干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。例如第2题，根据文章第二段的第一句话得知，在英国13岁以上的孩子可以做兼职工作，结合每个选项进而得出正确的答案。观点态度题是把握作者写这篇文章的目的，根据作者对文章所论述的观点和中心所持的态度而得出正确的答案。例如第5题，结合作者十几岁的兼职经历，和文章第四段的后半部分的话语，可得知作者是赞成青少年做兼职工作的，进而选出正确的答案。