高考英语一轮复习课时提升作业十一必修4Unit11TheMedia含解析

这是一份高考英语一轮复习课时提升作业十一必修4Unit11TheMedia含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了 　 B， 【解析】based等内容，欢迎下载使用。
十一　必修4　 Unit 11　The Media

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·成都模拟)
Art, Culture & Performances in Arizona
Art on the Wild Side
Three of Arizona’s favorite painters will exhibit their latest works inspired by the natural world in their unique styles. Through this exhibit, guests can engage in the Zoo’s mission to care for the natural world.
Date: February 1—April 30, 2020
Location: 455 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008
Price: $90
Always. . . Patsy Cline
Always. . . Patsy Cline is a musical play, complete with country humor, true emotion, and even some audience participation, includes many of Patsy’s unforgettable hits such as Crazy I Fall to Pieces, Sweet Dreams, and Walking After Midnight. . . 27 songs in all!
Date: June 14—21, 2020
Location: Hale Theater, 50 West Page Avenue, Gilbert, AZ 85233
Price: $65
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Best friends Valentine and Proteus choose different paths in life only to run into each other again when they both fall in love with the same woman. The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare’s earliest plays, his first comedy and also one of the most rarely performed plays in the canon.
Date: July 18—25, 2020
Location: Scottsdale Desert Stages Theatre, 7014 E Camelback Rd, Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Price: $28
Mandy Moore
Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! She is touring to support her upcoming album. Mandy’s seventh studio work Silver Landings set to be released on September 6.
Date: September 27—October 3, 2020
Location: 111 N 3rd St Phoenix, AZ 85004
Price: $42
【文章大意】本文一篇应用文。主要介绍了几则广告, 涉及画展、音乐剧、戏剧和音乐会等多种艺术形式。
1. When can you go to an exhibition of paintings?
A. In March. 　 B. In June.
C. In July. D. In September.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。第一则广告中, Art on the Wild Side是关于亚利桑那州著名画家的展览, 根据其描述“Date: February 1—April 30, 2020”可知展览从2月初开始, 到4月底结束, 可以在3月观看该画展, 故选A。
2. Where can you go if you are interested in Shakespeare’s plays?
A. Art on the Wild Side.
B. Always. . . Patsy Cline.
C. The Two Gentlemen of Verona.
D. Mandy Moore.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的描述“The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare’s earliest plays”可知, The Two Gentlemen of Verona是一部莎士比亚的戏剧, 对莎士比亚的戏剧感兴趣的观众可以观看该戏剧, 故选C。
3. How much will you pay if you want to enjoy a concert?
A. $28. 　 B. $42. 　 C. $65. 　 D. $90.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据题目中的“concert”可定位到原文中的广告Mandy Moore, 且具有唯一性, 只有这一则广告符合。“Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! ”。“Price: $42”可知, Mandy Moore将进行音乐会的巡回演出, 票价为42美元, 故选B。
【知识拓展】难句解读
Three of Arizona’s favorite painters will exhibit their latest works inspired by the natural world in their unique styles.
分析: 本句中inspired by the natural world为过去分词作后置定语, 修饰名词works。
翻译: 亚利桑那州最受喜爱的三位画家将展出他们的最新作品, 这些作品有灵感来自独特的风格, 自然世界。
B
Susan Boyle spent her early life faithfully attending her local Catholic church, taking singing lessons and performing in small karaokes, and caring for her aging mother, whom she promised that she would someday enter a singing contest.
Boyle’s first public performance after her dear mother passed away in 2007 was before an enormous audience —more than 10 million viewers of a 2009 episode of Britain’s Got Talent. As she walked on stage, 47-year-old Boyle was greeted by a surprised and doubtful audience. And then, as if the world stopped for just a moment, she captured the audience and surprised the judges as she sang I Dreamed a Dream. Her dream swiftly became reality as tens of millions of viewers around the world became acquainted with her phenomenal performance through the live broadcast and an online video.
Who was she, where did she come from, and the most often heard—where has she been? ! Boyle never sought stardom. Over the years, she had quietly pursued her dreams from the small village of Blackburn, West Lothian, Scotland, gaining just a bit of local reputation by performing at church and community events. As a child, she struggled with learning differences and, she says, was interested in singing.
By the end of 2009, however, the world was very aware of Boyle. After she came in second on Britain’s Got Talent, her first album, released in November 2009, became the best-selling album of all time in the UK. Her following albums have been extremely successful as well. She has toured widely, worked with household names, and performed before the Queen of England.
In addition to showing her huge talent, and most importantly, Susan Boyle has been an inspiration to many. She is a beautiful example of overcoming the stereotypes of age and circumstance, to rise to world recognition. Her first public song is really her story—she dreamed a dream.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了英国歌唱达人Susan Boyle的故事, 由此告诉人们: 不要因为年龄和环境而失去梦想。
4. What does the viewers react to Boyle’s first public performance?
A. People know her quickly by media.
B. People are sceptical about her show.
C. People are out of breath because of her show.
D. People are attracted deeply by her performance.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And then, as if the world stopped for just a moment, she captured the audience and surprised the judges as she sang I Dreamed a Dream. ”的描述可知, 人们被她的表演深深吸引。故选D。
5. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. Boyle pursues her dreams quietly.
B. Boyle often performs in local church.
C. Boyle is fond of singing at her young age.
D. Boyle has a good reputation in her village.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over the years, she had quietly pursued her dreams from the small village of Blackburn, West Lothian, Scotland. . . and, she says, was interested in singing. ”的描述可知, 小时候, Boyle就喜欢唱歌。故选C。
6. What was the most important influence Boyle has on people?
A. People should set a good example to others.
B. People should change their ideas on women.
C. People should actively pursue their dreams.
D. People should show themselves on different occasions.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In addition to showing her huge talent, and most importantly, Susan Boyle has been an inspiration to many. ”的描述可知, 人们应该积极追求自己的梦想。故选C。
7. What is the text mainly intended to convey?
A. Woman should be equal to men in singing contests.
B. Women should keep energetic by singing in public.
C. People should also have dreams at their middle ages.
D. People don’t lose their dream due to age and condition.
【解析】选D。 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“She is a beautiful example of overcoming the stereotypes of age and circumstance, to rise to world recognition. Her first public song is really her story—she dreamed a dream. ”的描述可知, 这篇文章想传达给我们的是人们不要因为年龄和环境而失去他们的梦想。故选D。
【知识拓展】词汇积累overcome vt. 克服; 胜过circumstance n. 环境; 状况; 境遇recognition n. 识别; 承认, 认出in addition to 除……之外(还有, 也)
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2021·聊城模拟)
We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them. 　1　 Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. It’s very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.  
Propaganda Techniques
To create propaganda, a common technique is name-calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor. 　2　 Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti-smoking campaigns are one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.  
　3　 
Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government. It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.
Types of Propaganda
Political propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians. 　4　People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War Ⅰ, more than 100 years ago.  
To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they’re true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it. 　5　 
A. Propaganda Targets
B. Propaganda Mediums
C. Another word for this is propaganda.
D. So most people will agree with those politicians.
E. Then, you can decide if they’re being honest or not.
F. However, religious propaganda was actually the first official one.
G. People might join someone who claims to be popular or winning.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宣传的作用、手段、传播媒介以及种类。
1. 【解析】选C。根据下文Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. 可知, 此处应出现propaganda, 由此可知生活中的信息欲引起人们的广泛关注, 比如广告商、政客和其他群体试图让人们同意他们的观点, 都离不开宣传造势。C选项, 这种现象还有一个名称叫作宣传, 该句引出了主题, 切题, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选G。根据本段可知, 主要的宣传手段有: 贴标签、从众宣传以及引发恐惧等, G选项, 人们都想加入受欢迎或者获胜的人, 该句为从众宣传的具体表现, 切题, 故选G。
3. 【解析】选B。第三段主要介绍宣传的传播途径, 主要通过海报、电视、广播以及互联网, 故选B。
4. 【解析】选F。第四段主要介绍宣传的三种主要类别: 政治宣传、宗教宣传和战争宣传, F选项, 宗教宣传实际上是最早的正式宣传, 切题, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选E。根据前一句Find out why they did it. 可知, 通过了解宣传者的意图和目的, 才能知晓宣传的真实性, E项切题, 故选E。
【知识拓展】词汇积累truth n. 真理; 事实create vt. 创造; 创作; 造成common adj. 共同的; 普通的; 一般的; 通常的find out 找出, 查明
Ⅲ. 语法填空
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two TV shows highlight multiple roles
of independent women
This summer has seen two hit 1. (programme)—TV drama Nothing But Thirty and reality show Sisters Who Make Waves. Both concern a similar group: women close to or just above 30, an age 2. , many in China believe, women enter a new stage of life.
The two shows’3. (popular)is understandable. Nothing But Thirty has contributed to more than one hundred 4. (wide)discussed topics on Weibo, a Tweeter-like social media platform in China. 5. (enjoy)similar high audience rating, Sisters Who Make Waves has played a key role in raising the share prices of its production company. Rather than beautiful girls in the bloom of youth, the reality show, in a break from tradition, 6. (focus)on the charm of mature women. From beautiful but naive women falling for rich men to independent women, the change in female characters in TV dramas and films reflects the change in public attitudes 7. women’s role in the real world. 8. , in Nothing But Thirty women’s social value 9. (base)on wealth and invincible(不可战胜的)aura in the workplace are out of sync(不同步)with reality and have thus upset many viewers.
Given their anxieties, social roles and importance, women in 10. thirties need to be better understood. And the two hit shows prove that.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍两个热门节目, 突出了独立女性的多重角色。
1. 【解析】programmes。考查名词复数。句意: 今年夏天有两个热门节目。根据空前的two, 可知此处名词需要用复数形式, 故填programmes。
2. 【解析】when。考查连词。句意: 两者都涉及一个相似的群体: 接近或刚过30岁的女性。许多中国人认为, 女性在这个年龄进入了人生的一个新阶段。______, many in China believe, women enter a new stage of life是定语从句部分, 先行词是age, 先行词在从句中作时间状语, 故填when。 
3. 【解析】popularity。考查名词。句意: 这两个节目的受欢迎程度是可以理解的。根据前文的名词所有格, 可知此处填名词形式, 表示“受欢迎程度”, 故填popularity。
4. 【解析】widely。考查副词。句意: 《三十而已》在微博上发表了一百多个广泛讨论的话题。此处用副词修饰动词discuss, 故填widely。
5. 【解析】Enjoying。考查现在分词。句意: 同样享有高收视率的《乘风破浪的姐姐》对其制作公司的股价上涨起到了关键作用。前半句没有主语, 前后句没有连接词, 所以此处enjoy需要用非谓语动词形式, enjoy的逻辑主语是Sisters Who Make Waves, 两者之间是主动关系, 所以用现在分词表示主动, 故填Enjoying。
6. 【解析】focuses。考查主谓一致。句意: 不再是青春绽放的美丽女孩, 真人秀节目打破传统, 聚焦成熟女性的魅力。本句的主语是the reality show, 是第三人称单数, 谓语动词用单数形式, 故填focuses。
7. 【解析】toward/to。考查介词。句意: 从美丽天真的女人爱上有钱的男人到独立的女人, 电视剧和电影中女性角色的变化反映了现实生活中公众对女性角色的态度的变化。the attitude to/toward表示“对……的态度”, 是固定搭配, 故填toward/to。
8. 【解析】However/Nevertheless。考查副词。句意: 然而, 在《三十而已》中, 女性以财富为基础的社会价值和职场上不可战胜的光环与现实脱节, 让很多观众感到不安。本句和前句是转折关系, 故填However/Nevertheless。
9. 【解析】based。考查过去分词。句意: 在《三十而已》中, 女性以财富为基础的社会价值和职场上不可战胜的光环与现实脱节, 让很多观众感到不安。“以……为基础”是be based on, 此处用过去分词作后置定语, 修饰名词value, 故填based。
10. 【解析】their。考查物主代词。句意: 考虑到她们的焦虑、社会角色和重要性, 30多岁的女性需要得到更好的理解。in one’s +数词复数, 表示在某人多少岁时, 此处需要用形容词性物主代词, 这里代指30多岁的女性, 所以是复数形式。故填their。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2021·北京模拟)
Are you fed up with staring at a computer screen for hours straight just to review your classes? It’s a problem that many of us encounter(遭遇). So why not pick your headset and learn via a podcast?
Podcast, or boke, refers to a range of audio programs on different audio platforms. According to China Daily, podcasts have become popular among young Chinese people who would like to enjoy the peace and power of learning through sound.
Established in 2012, China’s largest online audio platform, Ximalaya saw its subscribers pass 600 million by December 2019. Among these users over 46 percent were born between 1990s and 2000s. On average, active users listen to podcasts for nearly three hours per day.
The emergence of domestic(国内的)online radio platforms and the convenience brought about by smart devices are certainly two reasons for the popularity of the format. Its flexible nature also makes it a winner among the young audience.
“Audio is a good medium for content that can break the limit of time and space, ” Jiang Feng, vice-president of Ximalaya, told China Daily. He added that podcasts have become an important channel for people to acquire information and knowledge. It also can accompany listeners in many different circumstances including working, studying, exercising, traveling and just before going to bed.
Apart from providing company, the new media form also gives people a platform to speak out about important issues.
A senior high school student who wanted to be admitted to the Central Academy of Drama failed his national college entrance examination twice. He talked about the pressure he faced on an audio program called Please Listen, launched by Mango TV on Feb 19, 2020. The program was designed to relieve audiences’ worries by sharing their own stories.
Podcasts tend to be a discussion, and just like real life conversations, they follow a flexible structure and usually last for at least an hour. More often than not, you can’t summarize two or three important points from those conversations, like you could from articles. They often do not have conclusions, either. It’s a very freeform medium that is very friendly to listeners, ” Pan Aijuan, a podcast listener and book editor at a publishing house, told China Daily.
At the same time, the use of podcasts trains people to first listen to others before offering one’s own opinions. It helps build up our patience and listening skills. Cheng Yanliang, a co-founder of the podcast Left and Right, stated that“ audio programs can filter(减缓)those bad-tempered people who would lose patience after reading several paragraphs and start writing awful comments to insult others”.
With such advantages, “podcasts are entering the mainstream(主流)in China”, noted China Daily.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了在中国年轻人中间很流行的一种节目形式, 即播客。以中国的一些播客平台为例提到了播客流行的原因及其特点和优点。
1. Why does the author mention Ximalaya in the third paragraph?
A. To inform the readers of its fast development.
B. To show the impact it has on users.
C. To discuss the characteristics of podcasts.
D. To demonstrate the popularity of podcasts in China.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段提到“According to China Daily, podcasts have become popular among young Chinese people who would like to enjoy the peace and power of learning through sound. ”《中国日报》表示, 播客在中国的年轻人中间正在流行起来。年轻人喜欢通过声音来享受学习的平静和力量。接着第三段就举例提到了中国最大的播客平台喜马拉雅。所以提及喜马拉雅的目的是以它为例说明播客在中国的年轻人中间很流行。故选D项。
2. What is the main aim of the audio program Please Listen?
A. To help audiences ease their worries.
B. To amuse audiences in different ways.
C. To allow audiences to comment on current affairs.
D. To give audiences a platform to acquire knowledge.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由倒数第四段“He talked about the pressure he faced on an audio program called Please Listen, launched by Mango TV on Feb 19, 2020. The program was designed to relieve audiences’ worries by sharing their own stories. ”可知, Please Listen这个节目让听众分享他们自己的故事, 目的是帮助听众减少他们的忧虑。故选A项。
3. Why does Pan Aijuan think podcasts are friendly to listeners?
A. They can accompany listeners in different circumstances.
B. They provide listeners with a sea of information.
C. Their content usually follows a flexible structure.
D. It is quite easy to draw a conclusion from a podcast.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由“Podcasts tend to be a discussion, and just like real life conversations, they follow a flexible structure and usually last for at least an hour. More often than not, you can’t summarize two or three important points from those conversations, like you could from articles. They often do not have conclusions, either. It’s a very freeform medium that is very friendly to listeners, ”可知, 播客节目经常是以讨论的形式进行, 就像日常对话一样。节目的结构都比较灵活, 通常至少会持续一个小时。播客节目最后不会得出什么结论。它是一种很自由的媒介形式, 对听众非常友好。所以播客节目的最大特点就是形式自由灵活。故选C项。
4. How can podcasts influence people’s personality according to the text?
A. They can make people more cheerful.
B. They can make people more patient.
C. They can make people lose their temper more easily.
D. They can help break the habit of insulting people online.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段“At the same time, the use of podcasts trains people to first listen to others before offering one’s own opinions. It helps build up our patience and listening skills. ”可知, 播客节目可以帮助我们锻炼耐心和倾听能力。故选B项。
【知识拓展】难句解读
He talked about the pressure he faced on an audio program called Please Listen, launched by Mango TV on Feb 19, 2020.
分析: 本句为主从复合句。其中he faced为省略关系代词that的定语从句, 修饰先行词pressure; called Please Listen及launched by Mango TV on Feb 19, 2020均为过去分词作后置定语, 修饰名词program。
翻译: 他在2020年2月19日芒果电视台推出的一档名为“请听”的音频节目中谈到了自己所面临的压力。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2021·浙江模拟)
For most people, a family member would be their inspiration. As for me, 　1　 my mother and father were both great influences, my greatest influence came from a television program Gilmore Girls. Nearly every day after 　2　, I would come home, 　3　 on the couch, and turn on the television.  
Upon hearing the theme song and seeing the　4　 faces, I was overcome by a sense of 　5　 and total peace. All the day’s hardships would 　6　. I would forget about any 　7　 stress. When it was about five o’ clock, I would sit in front of the TV to 　8　 another episode of Gilmore Girls. It was what I had to 　9　 in my day, because I was having a 　10　 day and I simply loved to laugh at their humorous dialogues. Each of the characters had a 　11　 personality, unlike anyone I had ever known. The more I watched Gilmore Girls, the more I found myself wanting to be a “Rory Gilmore”.  
Much of Rory’s success came from her mother. In the process of　12　 Harvard or any college, I have recently discovered it is a long process. My 　13　 has also encouraged me to follow my dreams and to make my own 　14　. I am a particularly hesitant person, so 　15　 this task is not easy for me. In 　16　 and developing into her own person, Rory Gilmore discovered her dreams and how to achieve them; that was how she 　17　 me.  
Although I am a girl who is　18　 trying to find my true self, Rory made me feel as if I could 　19　 everything. No matter which college I may 　20　, I’ll always know that the road, which I travel to get there, is a road well worth traveling.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一档名为Gilmore Girls的电视节目是如何激励自己的。
1. A. unless　 B. because
C. now that D. even though
【解析】选D。句意: 对我来说, 虽然我的父母都有很大的影响, 但我最大的影响来自一个电视节目Gilmore Girls。unless除非; because因为; now that既然; even though虽然。本句为让步状语从句, 表示“虽然”应用even though。故选D。
2. A. dinner B. communication
C. school D. work
【解析】选C。句意: 几乎每天放学后, 我都会回家, 躺在沙发上, 打开电视。dinner晚餐; communication沟通; school学校; work工作。结合下文I would come home可知, 是放学回家。故选C。
3. A. pick up B. lie down
C. lay down D. show up
【解析】选B。句意: 几乎每天放学后, 我都会回家, 躺在沙发上, 打开电视。pick up捡起; lie down躺下; lay down放下; show up出现。结合下文on the couch可知, 是躺在沙发上。故选B。
4. A. common B. unusual
C. familiar D. strange
【解析】选C。句意: 一听到主题曲, 看到熟悉的面孔, 我就被一种如释重负、彻底平静的感觉征服。common普通的; unusual不寻常的; familiar熟悉的; strange奇怪的。根据上下文可知, Gilmore Girls是一档作者常看并给了作者很大影响的电视节目, 由此可知作者对节目中的角色是熟悉的。故选C。
5. A. relief　　B. care　　C. honor　　D. surprise
【解析】选A。句意: 一听到主题曲, 看到熟悉的面孔, 我就被一种如释重负、彻底平静的感觉征服。relief如释重负, 减轻; care关心; honor荣誉; surprise惊讶。结合下文and total peace可知, Gilmore Girls让作者感到如释重负和平静。短语a sense of relief“如释重负的感觉”。故选A。
6. A. pause B. disappear
C. decrease D. stop
【解析】选B。句意: 一天的艰难都会消失。pause暂停; disappear消失; decrease减少; stop停止。结合上文作者看电视剧的时候感到如释重负和平静, 可知这让作者一天中的艰难都消失(disappear)了。故选B。
7. A. casual B. formal
C. certain D. previous
【解析】选D。句意: 我会忘记之前的压力。casual随便的; formal正式的; certain必然的; previous以前的。结合上文作者是放学回家后开始看电视的, 故此处指的是看电视之前的压力。故选D。
8. A. survey B. identify C. watch D. notice
【解析】选C。句意: 大约5点钟的时候, 我会坐在电视机前看另一集Gilmore Girls。survey调查; identify识别; watch观看; notice注意到。结合下文another episode of Gilmore Girls可知, 是再观看一集。故选C。
9. A. look forward to B. make up for
C. pay attention to D. take charge of
【解析】选A。句意: Gilmore Girls是我一天中所期待的东西, 因为我正在度过糟糕的一天, 我就是喜欢她们对话中的那些幽默的话语并因此开怀大笑。look forward to期待; make up for补偿; pay attention to注意; take charge of负责。结合上文作者对自己每天放学回家后看Gilmore Girls的描述, 以及Gilmore Girls带给作者的感受, 可知看Gilmore Girls是作者一天中期待去做的事情。故选A。
10. A. lazy B. tough C. big D. happy
【解析】选B。句意: Gilmore Girls是我一天中所期待的东西, 因为我正在度过糟糕的一天, 我就是喜欢她们对话中的那些幽默的话语并因此开怀大笑。lazy懒惰的; tough艰苦的; big大的; happy快乐的。根据上文 hardships 以及 stress 等词可以推断出作者的日常生活面对着困难和压力。故选B。
11. A. unique B. good
C. strange D. ambiguous
【解析】选A。句意: 每个角色都有独特的个性, 不像我所认识的任何人。unique独特的; good好的; strange奇怪的; ambiguous模糊不清的。结合下文unlike anyone I had ever known可知, 这些角色的个性都很独特。其他选项不符合语境。故选A。
12. A. passing by B. thinking of
C. searching for D. getting into
【解析】选D。句意: 在进入哈佛或其他大学的过程中, 我最近发现这是一个漫长的过程。passing by路过; thinking of想起; searching for搜索; getting into进入。结合下文Harvard or any college可知, 是进入这些大学, get into后接学校或学校名称时, 意为“进入……(学校)”。故选D。
13. A. Rory B. family C. mother D. friend
【解析】选C。句意: 我的母亲也鼓励我追随自己的梦想, 让我自己做决定。Rory罗里; family家庭; mother母亲; friend朋友。结合下文I am a particularly hesitant person可知, 作者说自己是个优柔寡断的人, 可推测是母亲让作者自己做决定。故选C。
14. A. efforts B. experiments
C. decisions D. trips
【解析】选C。句意: 我的母亲也鼓励我追随自己的梦想, 让我自己做决定。efforts努力; experiments实验; decisions决定; trips旅行。结合上文make my own可知, 是自己做决定, 短语make decisions“做决定”。故选C。
15. A. proposing B. quitting
C. confronting D. undertaking
【解析】选D。句意: 我是一个特别优柔寡断的人, 所以承担这个任务对我来说并不容易。proposing提议; quitting放弃; confronting对抗; undertaking承担。故选D。
16. A. speeding up B. growing up
C. hanging out D. holding on
【解析】选B。句意: 在成长和形成自己的人格的过程中, Rory Gilmore发现了她的梦想, 以及如何实现梦想; 这就是 Rory Gilmore 激励我的方式。speeding up加速; growing up成长; hanging out闲逛; holding on坚持。结合下文and developing into her own person可知, 是在成长(growing up)和形成自己的人格的过程中。故选B。
17. A. inspired B. envied
C. admired D. calmed
【解析】选A。句意: 在成长和形成自己的人格的过程中, Rory Gilmore发现了她的梦想, 以及如何实现梦想; 这就是 Rory Gilmore 激励我的方式。inspired激发; envied羡慕; admired钦佩; calmed使平静。结合上文Rory Gilmore发现了她的梦想, 以及如何实现自己的梦想; 可知这就是 Rory Gilmore激励(inspired)作者的方式。故选A。
18. A. hardly B. still C. almost D. seldom
【解析】选B。句意: 虽然我是一个仍在寻找真实的自我的女孩, 但Rory让我觉得我似乎可以征服一切。hardly几乎不; still仍然; almost差不多; seldom很少。结合下文trying to find my true self可知, 作者仍然是一个还在寻找真实的自我的女孩。故选B。
19. A. conquer B. find C. analyze D. afford
【解析】选A。句意: 虽然我是一个仍在寻找真实的自我的女孩, 但Rory让我觉得我似乎可以征服一切。conquer征服; find找到; analyze分析; afford买得起。结合下文everything可知, 通过Rory的故事, 作者觉得自己似乎可以征服一切。其他选项不符合语境。故选A。
20. A. know B. conduct C. admit D. choose
【解析】选D。句意: 无论我选择哪所大学, 我始终知道我要到达那里所经过的那条路, 是一条值得去走的路。know知道; conduct实施; admit承认; choose选择。根据上文No matter which college I may可知, 是指不管作者选择(choose)哪一所大学。故选D。
Ⅲ. 短文改错
　　Not all advertisements plays tricks on us. Public service advertisements (PSAS) use some of the same method, like attractive pictures and clever language, but they are made serve us. PSAS aim to teach and help them lead better lives. Our government understands this best, and that’s how it has been using PSAS to educate on people for many years. China begin a nationwide public service advertising campaign in 1996, and since then variously types of PSAS have appeared around the country. All of these advertisements are meant to benefit us, but we can often learn a lot by follow the advice they give.


1. 【解析】第一句plays改为play。考查动词时态。根据上下文皆是一般现在时可知, 此处也应是一般现在时。又因句子的主语是all advertisements(为复数), 一般现在时谓语动词用原形。故将plays改为play。
2. 【解析】第二句method改为methods。考查名词。句意: 公益广告(PSAS)使用了一些相同的方法, 像吸引人的图片和巧妙的语言。根据本句中的不定代词some可知后面的可数名词method应用复数形式。故将method改为methods。
3. 【解析】第二句在made后面加to。考查动词不定式。在主动语态中made后跟省略to的动词不定式(动词原形), 在变为被动语态时, 必须还原动词不定式符号to。本句为被动语态, 应该在made后面加to。
4. 【解析】第三句them改为us。考查代词。句意: 公益广告(PSAS)旨在教和帮助他们过上更好的生活。根据语境可知此处的“他们”指的是上文的“我们”。应用代词us, 故将them改为us。
5. 【解析】第四句how改为why。考查表语从句。句意: 我们的政府最了解这一点, 这就是为什么它多年来一直使用公益广告对人们进行教育。why引导表语从句并在从句中作状语。故将how改为why。
6. 【解析】第四句去掉介词on。考查介词。句意: 这就是为什么它多年来一直使用公益广告对人们进行教育。动词educate“教育”为及物动词。后面直接加宾语, 故去掉介词on。
7. 【解析】第五句begin改为began。考查动词的时态。句意: 中国在1996年开始了一场全国性的公益广告宣传活动。句中in 1996是表示过去时间的状语。句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时态, 故将begin改为began。
8. 【解析】第五句variously改为various。考查形容词。名词types前面不能用副词来修饰, 应用形容词修饰。故将variously改为various。
9. 【解析】第六句but 改为and。考查连词。句意: 所有这些广告都是为了让我们受益, 并且按照它们给的建议我们可以学到很多。这里前后是递进关系, 并非转折关系。故将but 改为and。
10. 【解析】第六句follow改为following。考查非谓语动词。句意: 按照它们给的建议我们可以学到很多。根据介词+动词-ing用法, 此处应该用by +doing sth. 来表示一种方式, 故将follow改为following。
Ⅳ. 书面表达
　　在现代社会, 广告无处不在, 人们对此褒贬不一。请你用英语简单描述下表中的两种观点, 并谈谈你自己的看法。
赞成者
反对者
你的观点
1. 及时了解新产品;
2. 拓展对商品的选择;
3. 看广告也是一种艺术享受
1. 看电视时插播广告使人非常烦恼;
2. 被虚假广告欺骗
1. ……
2. ……
注意:
1. 词数100左右。
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
　　Nowadays, more and more advertisements appear in newspapers, broadcasts as well as magazines.  
       
【参考范文】
　　Nowadays, more and more advertisements appear in newspapers, broadcasts as well as magazines. Different people hold different opinions on the topic.
Some people who are in favor of the idea hold the view that advertisements can benefit them. First of all, advertisements can keep them informed of new goods in time. Besides, they can have a wide choice of goods. Third, sometimes watching good advertising is a great enjoyment.
On the contrary, some people are against it and they think on the one hand, some people feel annoyed to be interrupted when they are watching TV. On the other hand, they often fall for false advertisements.
As far as I’m concerned, we mustn’t be a slave to them. We should learn to become a wise person when facing different advertisements.
Ⅴ. 【语篇二次应用】
　　Before the 1830s, most newspapers 1. were sold (sell) through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems 2. a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were 3. forbidding (forbid) to most citizens. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal 4. to a mass audience. But the revolution taking place in the 1830s changed that.  
The trend was toward the “penny paper”—a term 5. referring (refer) to papers made 6. widely (wide) available to the public. This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office 7. to purchase (purchase) a copy. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny, but the phrase “penny paper” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be papers 8. that/which did indeed sell for only a penny.  
This new trend of 9. newspapers (newspaper) for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire 10. to change (change) the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.  
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2021·贵阳模拟)
Newton’s law of motion (运动定律) where every action has a reaction, is appropriate not just to physics. 　1　 From the value of products and prices of products to customer choices, advertising affects society and plays an important role in increasing business sales.  
　2　 When companies use advertising, sales increase, according to Marcel Bleustein-Blanchet, founder of a French advertising company. The increase in business sales also promotes the quality of life for consumers. Basically, advertising causes a chain reaction that increases the economy of the area where the product or service ad is.  
　3　 In the minds of consumers, advertising can add value to a product. The image or brand that advertising helps to create becomes a part of the product, which is what makes one product brand more valuable than the competitors. This is why a consumer may be willing to pay a higher price for a name brand product rather than buy a brand they are not familiar with at a lower cost.  
Pricing. 　4　 It spurs (促进)a sense of competition. When one company advertises a product for its price, its competitors want to stay competitive. Then they may lower their prices to meet the competition.  
Consumer choice. Advertising also has an influence on businesses because it leads to the creation of new products and improvement of existing products to meet consumers’ needs. 　5　However, when advertising introduces a new product that is better than the existing one, market share can quickly shift to the company offering the newly-advertised product.  
A. Product value.
B. Product quantity.
C. Economic influence.
D. Advertising can be a form of price control.
E. An increase in competition has effects on the market.
F. One company may possess a larger share of the market for a time.
G. It is also true that advertising causes reactions that occur in society and business.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍牛顿运动定律, 每一个作用力都有一个反作用力引出本文话题——广告的效应。
1. 【解析】选G。根据上文“Newton’s law of motion where every action has a reaction, is appropriate not just to physics牛顿运动定律, 每一个作用力都有一个反作用力, 这不仅适用于物理学”及下文(广告影响社会, 在增加企业销售中起着重要的作用。)可知选项G“广告引起社会和商业上的反应也是事实”衔接上下文。故选G。
2. 【解析】选C。本段主要讲述了广告会增加销售额, 商业销售的增长也提高了消费者的生活质量。尤其是根据下文“Basically, advertising causes a chain reaction that increases the economy of the area where the product or service ad is. 广告会引起连锁反应, 增加产品或服务广告所在地区的经济。”可知, 本段的主题句应是“经济影响”。故选C。
3. 【解析】选A。本段主要介绍了广告可以增加产品的价值以及广告的好处, 尤其是“In the minds of consumers, advertising can add value to a product在消费者的心目中, 广告可以增加产品的价值”可知, 本段的中心句应为“产品价值”。故选A。
4. 【解析】选D。根据上文的“Pricing”及下文的“It spurs a sense of competition. When one company advertises a product for its price, its competitors want to stay competitive. Then they may lower their prices to meet the competition. 这激发了竞争意识, 当一家公司因为其价格为其产品做广告时, 其竞争对手想要保持竞争力, 可以降低价格以应对竞争。”可知, 此处应填“广告可以是价格控制的一种形式”。故选D。
5. 【解析】选F。根据下文的“However, when advertising introduces a new product that is better than the existing one, market share can quickly shift to the company offering the newly-advertised product. 当广告引入一个比现有产品更好的新产品时, 市场份额可以迅速转移到提供新广告产品的公司。”可知, 选项F “一家公司可能占有更大的市场份额一段时间”与下文衔接, 故选F。
【知识拓展】背景链接
牛顿运动定律包括牛顿第一运动定律、牛顿第二运动定律和牛顿第三运动定律三条定律, 由艾萨克·牛顿在1687年于《自然哲学的数学原理》一书中总结提出。其中, 第一定律说明了力的含义: 力是改变物体运动状态的原因; 第二定律指出了力的作用效果: 力使物体获得加速度; 第三定律揭示出力的本质: 力是物体间的相互作用。牛顿运动定律中的各定律互相独立, 且内在逻辑符合自洽一致性。其适用范围是经典力学范围, 适用条件是质点、惯性参考系以及宏观、低速运动问题。牛顿运动定律阐释了牛顿力学的完整体系, 阐述了经典力学中基本的运动规律, 在各领域中应用广泛。