高考英语一轮复习必修5Unit1Greatscientists单元提能训练含解析新人教版

这是一份高考英语一轮复习必修5Unit1Greatscientists单元提能训练含解析新人教版，共8页。
第一部分　必修5  Unit 1Ⅰ.完形填空(2021年广东省调研考试)Kris has always wanted to be a bridge between the East and West.“Music is very __1__ and language doesn’t matter that much sometimes，” the 28-year-old Chinese-Canadian singer-songwriter told Forbes magazine.“Even if you think of K-pop music(韩国流行音乐), people don’t __2__ what they’re saying but if you like it, you like it.”His experience of __3__ probably explains his attitude toward music.He rose to__4__ as a member of K-pop boy group, EXO.Born and __5__ in China, Kris moved to Canada at age 10 with his family.In 2014, he started his solo(独唱的) __6__.Since then, he’s been based in China.As an international rapper(说唱歌手), Kris has always wanted to be the “Jackie Chan of music”．“I’m an artist. I do urban music，” he told Nylon Radio.“At the same time…I’m trying to bridge the East and West with my music.”Kris is well on his way toward __7__ his goal.In June, he became the first Chinese artist to make the Billboard __8__ 100 when his new single Like That reached No.73.After__9__this milestone(里程碑), the singer spoke about his Chinese heritage(华裔) on his Sina Weibo account.“I’m very proud to be Chinese，” he wrote.“ I want the whole __10__ to hear Chinese music.”And on Nov.2, Kris __11__ a new album Antares, which features both Mandarin (普通话的)and English songs.It dominated (占据榜首)Apple’s iTunes Store Chart for days.“I spent more than two years __12__ on the album，” Kris posted on Sina Weibo.“I chose fourteen songs for the album, which speak for me.”In fact, the album’s title, Antares, is __13__ his birthday.Antares is one of the brightest stars in the galaxy, and in the Western world, they call this star “the __14__ of the scorpion (天蝎)，” Kris told Forbes.“I was a November __15__， so I am a Scorpio.”Kris is certainly one of the brightest stars in today’s musical firmament(苍穹)．(　　)1.A．universal　　　　　 B．complexC．positive  D．practical(　　)2.A．sample  B．identifyC．understand  D．calculate(　　)3.A．dropping out  B．growing upC．falling behind  D．holding on(　　)4.A．fame  B．honestyC．generosity  D．value(　　)5.A．inspected  B．remindedC．guarded  D．raised(　　)6.A．faith  B．careerC．advertisement  D．research(　　)7.A．providing  B．designingC．stressing  D．achieving(　　)8.A．Hot  B．RedC．Low  D．Big(　　)9.A．catching  B．fixingC．hitting  D．finding(　　)10.A．street  B．worldC．company  D．class(　　)11.A．received  B．resolvedC．reserved  D．released(　　)12.A．calling  B．turningC．working  D．putting(　　)13.A．related to  B．famous forC．careful of  D．patient with(　　)14.A．proof  B．regionC．material  D．heart(　　)15.A．scholar  B．babyC．rider  D．loser【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章由Kris(吴亦凡)的最新专辑Antares入围公告牌百大热门单曲排行榜为切入点，介绍了他的音乐历程，对音乐的态度，目前的音乐成就和他的音乐梦想。1．A　根据上文的“Kris has always wanted to be a bridge between the East and West.”可知，Kris想用音乐连接东西方，由此推测他认为音乐是全世界通用的。故选A项。2．C　结合句意可知，此处是一种假设的情况，意思是即使不明白他们所说的，喜欢一种音乐是没有原因的，如果喜欢，就喜欢。故选C项。3．B　根据下文的“Born and __5__ in China, Kris moved to Canada at age 10 with his family.In 2014, he started his solo(独唱的)__6__ .Since then, he’s been based in China.”可知，Kris生于中国，10岁去了加拿大，2014年开始独唱生涯，后来一直居住在中国。这是他的成长经历。故选B项。4．A　根据常识和下文的“As an international rapper(说唱歌手)”可知，Kris非常出名。此处是固定短语rise to fame“成名”。故选A项。5．D　根据下文的“Kris moved to Canada at age 10 with his family.”可知，Kris 10岁前都成长在中国，即被抚养。故选D项。6．B　根据下文的“As an international rapper(说唱歌手)”可知Kris的职业是说唱歌手，故此处用“生涯”符合语境。故选B项。7．D　根据上文的“Kris has always wanted to be a bridge between the East and West.”可知，用音乐让自己成为东西方的桥梁是Kris的目标，故此处用“实现目标”符合语境。故选D项。8．A　根据常识可知，此处是指Billboard Hot 100，“公告牌百大热门单曲榜”。故选A项。9．C　根据下文的“this milestone”可知，此处用“到达”符合语境。故选C项。10．B　根据下文的“And on Nov.2, Kris __11__ a new album Antares, which features both Mandarin (普通话的)and English songs.”可知，他发行的一个新专辑以普通话和英语歌为特色，由此可知他想让全世界都听到中国歌曲。故选B项。11．D　根据下文的“It dominated (占据榜首)Apple’s iTunes Store Chart for days.”可知，该歌曲独占Apple’s iTunes Store Chart榜首很多天，由此可知，Kris发行了一个新专辑。故选D项。12．C　Kris花费了超过两年的时间做这个专辑，此处是固定短语work on“致力于”。故选C项。13．A　根据下文内容可知，Antares是银河系最亮的一颗星，在西方人们把这颗星叫做天蝎座的核心，而Kris的生日刚好是天蝎座。即Antares和Kris是生日有关。故选A项。14．D　根据上文的“Antares is one of the brightest stars in the galaxy…”可知，这颗星是最亮的星之一，由此推测人们会把它看作天蝎座的核心。故选D项。15．B　结合常识可知，出生在11月的人属于天蝎座，此处用“婴儿”表示出生。故选B项。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2021年山东济南教学质量检测)On some level, offices exist to inspire in-person collaboration.But many of the basic technologies that employees now used to work together often encourage them to work virtually independent of one another.“They wear their headphones — headphones are the new walls — to signal they are involved in high-concentration work and not available for chat，” says Stowe Boyd, a social critic whose research focuses on the future of work.Such behavior is indicative of a wider workplace trend.As office-communication technologies have become more advanced, more and more employees are avoiding direct interaction with their co-workers.Experts say this is a shift that is likely to continue.Emerging technologies even suggests a future — perhaps decades away, but maybe sooner — in which offices are populated by employees who engage in virtually no work-focused, face-to-face contact what-soever.It isn’t to say co-workers won’t connect.Even as employees make the transition to “individual” work, they may begin to communicate in new ways that are as engaging as real-life interactions.Virtual reality, for example, could “hold 3-D meetings around a digital meeting table where employees are not physically in.” says Martin Ford, an author who studies artificial intelligence and robots, among other things.What’s the upside of a chat-free future, in which colleagues work together in close physical space but never need to talk person-to-person? For one, it may make work experiences more efficient by stopping gossipy distractions that can get in the way of serious affairs.It also may safeguard employees from physical disturbance, a growing workplace concern, says Jamais Cascio, an author and futurist.But there are possible problems.Virtual environments have the potential to reduce social inhibitions (抑制), which could lead to conflicts.It’s also possible that technology will create a more impersonal atmosphere.Without the water cooler-style chat that can make work life more vibrant — research suggests informal office jokes can boost productivity — office relationships could start to resemble the interactions we have with strangers in public spaces.Eventually, some experts believe, with technologies  making their way into offices, humans may remove themselves from the workplace altogether, though not in the sense that they will be replaced by robots, as many have predicted.(　　)1.According to Stowe Boyd, what can be widely seen in workplaces?A．Technologies are used as a barrier against casual chat.B．Direction interactions are resisted but cannot be avoided.C．In-person collaboration is the best way to promote efficiency.D．Face-to-face contact is the guarantee of high-concentration work.(　　)2.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A．Co-workers prefer to keep closely connected.B．Employees engage in developing far-away relationships.C．Technologies allow for new forms of office-communication.D．3-D meetings have completely replaced real-life interactions.(　　)3.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A．To forecast a new workplace trend caused by technologies.B．To encourage employees to make better use of technologies.C．To stress the importance of combining work and technologies.D．To introduce the effects of technologies on how employees interact.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述办公场所将会发生很大的变化，今后人类办公可能不再需要统一的办公场所。1．A　推理判断题。分析前三段的逻辑关系可知，“Such behavior is indicative of a wider workplace trend.”指的是Stowe Boyd提及的“They wear their headphones — headphones are the new walls — to signal they are involved in high-concentration work and not available for chat(他们戴着耳机——耳机是新的墙壁——发出这样的信号：他们参与高浓度的工作，不能聊天)”，也就是第一段提到的现象“But many of the basic technologies that employees now used to work together often encourage them to work virtually independent of one another(现在许多员工使用的共同工作的基本技术往往鼓励他们几乎相互独立地工作)．”，由此可以推断出，员工们用新技术来隔绝闲聊，避免直接交流。故选A项。2．C　推理判断题。第四段主题句是“It isn’t to say co-workers won’t connect.”，然后阐述了办公室员工如何利用科学技术进行全新的交流模式，还以“virtual reality”举例证明。由此判断出，科技使办公室通讯的新形式成为可能。故选C项。3．D　目的意图题。本文讲述办公室引进先进的技术，原本为了促进员工更好地合作，而实际上员工们却用作隔绝闲聊的遮挡物。新技术的引进，改变了办公室成员互动的模式，办公场所将逐渐失去它原本所具有的功能。隔绝了办公室闲聊的工作模式有利有弊，但科学家预言，随着人工智能等新科学技术的发展，尽管人类的工作岗位不会为之取代，但办公场所的意义将发生很大的变化，今后人类办公可能不再需要统一的办公场所。由此判断出，短文的目的是介绍技术对员工互动的影响。故选D项。Ⅲ.七选五(2021年山东部分重点中学新起点摸底联考)The COVID-19 outbreak is causing alarm around the world, but here in Singapore, the small island country has managed to mostly contain the spread quite rapidly.__1__Learning from the past—ready for the future.“Here is your key card, office key and personal thermometer，” said the university administrator when I started teaching many years ago.I was puzzled with the thermometer as a standard-issue device for every employee.__2__ Since I was not here during the 2003 SARS outbreak, I never appreciated the importance of having a thermometer in my desk drawer, but now I use it twice daily.__3__ “Every instructor must complete the training for delivering their courses online in case of emergency，” the university told us over seven years ago.It seemed a bit unnecessary at the time.But all of us completed the training — and were retested each semester.Who would have thought that in 2020 we would need to shift more than 1,000 courses online with less than 12 hours’ notice! That could not have been accomplished without the previous efforts.Clarifying expectations — universal diligence.“Stop right there! Give me 10 feet and then you can come by，” says my colleague as I meet her in the common hallway.__4__ Large gatherings are canceled and restaurants are empty as we all spend more time at home to avoid interactions with others.To enter a mall, restaurant or any building on our campus, you must pass a temperature screening and often record your presence.__5__ In spite of the global crisis, classes and university operations have continued without disruption.A．The virus is hard to contain.B．Planning alternatives — the ability to move quickly.C．As a witness, I must share a few leadership lessons.D．The nation’s readiness for emergencies helps to fight the virus.E．How often do we really take lessons from the past to protect our future?F．In fact, I once joked that they should also give us a snorkel(水肺) in case of tsunamis.G．We are still friends, but it is our responsibility to avoid unnecessary human contact.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在新冠肺炎在全球范围爆发的形式下，新加坡控制了疫情的蔓延。文章介绍了新加坡在抗击新冠肺炎中的一些经验。1．C　上一句提到“新冠肺炎的爆发引起了全世界的恐慌，但在新加坡，这个小岛国设法控制住了疫情蔓延。”承接上文，C选项“作为一个目击者，我必须分享一些领导经验。”切题。且下文中列举了一些举措。故选C项。2．F　上一句提到“将体温计作为每个雇员的标准发行设备，我很不理解。”承接上文，F选项“实际上，我还开玩笑说他们也应该给发一个水肺以防海啸。”切题，且选项是不理解的一种表现。故选F项。3．B　下一句提到“每一位教员都必须完成网上授课培训，以防紧急情况，这是七年前大学这么跟我说的。”承接上文，B选项“制定替代方案——快速行动的能力。”切题。且B选项与上文的“learning from the past—ready for the future”和下文的“clarifying expectations-universal diligence”这两个小标题平行。故选B项。4．G　上一句提到“’停下！离我10英尺，然后你就可以过来了’，我在走廊遇到同事时，她这么说。”承接上文，G选项“我们仍然是朋友，但是我们有责任避免不必要的身体接触。”切题，且选项是对前文保持距离的进一步说明。故选G项。5．D　下一句提到“尽管全球危机，课堂和大学的运作仍在继续。”承接上文，D选项“国家对紧急情况的准备有助于抗击病毒。”切题，因为提前应对紧急情况保证了教学。故选D项。Ⅳ.语法填空(2021年山东济南教学质量检测)Each year, the women of Olney, England, and Liberal, Kansas, compete in 1.________unusual footrace.Dressed in 2.________(apron) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’ starting lines.Each woman holds a frying pan 3.________ one pancake inside.At the signal, the women flip their pancakes and they are off.This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney, 4.______ is the day before the Christian season of Lent(大斋期) begins.During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman 5.________ (make) pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent.She lost track of time and 6.________ (sudden) heard the church bells ring, signaling the 7.________(begin) of the Shrove Tuesday service.8.________(realize) that she was going to be late for church, she 9.________(race) out, still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it.In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, so pancake racing 10.________(be) born.Olney women continue this Shrove Tuesday tradition more than five hundred years later.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在英国奥尔尼煎饼赛跑节的由来。1．an　考查冠词。句意：每年，英国奥尔尼和堪萨斯州自由镇的妇女都要参加一场不同寻常的赛跑比赛。footrace为单数可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，形容词unusual以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。2．aprons　考查名词复数。句意：他们系着围裙，戴着头巾，在两个城镇的起跑线上等着。apron意为“围裙”，是可数名词，设空处和headscarves并列，应该用复数形式。故填aprons。3．with　考查介词。句意：每个女人都拿着一个煎锅，里面有一个煎饼。根据语境可知，每个妇女拿着一个煎锅，里面放着一个煎饼，“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为固定结构。故填with。4．which　考查关系代词。句意：据说，这种“薄饼赛跑”的传统始于1445年奥尔尼的忏悔日，也就是基督教大斋节开始的前一天。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shrove Tuesday，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。5．was making　考查时态。句意：传说在1445年，一位奥尔尼妇女在大斋节前做煎饼，用完她的一些糖和食用油。根据下文，当时她正在做煎饼，为了在大斋节前用光所有的糖和脂肪，所以用过去进行时。其基本构成形式是was/were＋doing，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was making。6．suddenly　考查副词。句意：她忘记了时间，突然听到教堂的钟声响起，标志着星期二忏悔仪式的开始。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词heard，需用副词形式。故填suddenly。7．beginning　考查动名词。句意：同上题。定冠词the修饰名词，设空处需填begin的动名词形式。故填beginning。8．Realizing　考查现在分词。句意：意识到去教堂要迟到了，她跑了出去，还穿着围裙和头巾，手里拿着平底锅，里面有一个煎饼。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作原因状语，she和realize之间为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Realizing。9．raced　考查动词时态。句意：同上题。分析句子结构，设空处缺少谓语动词，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填raced。10．was　考查主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几年里，她的邻居们模仿她跑去教堂，于是“薄饼赛跑”诞生了。主语是单数。故填was。