高考英语一轮复习选修部分选修6Unit18Beauty学案北师大版

这是一份高考英语一轮复习选修部分选修6Unit18Beauty学案北师大版，共26页。学案主要包含了词块必记，误区释疑，语境速测，写作金句，知识拓展，文化金句，典型例句，句型公式等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ. 细品味经典文章
(2019·天津高考)
An unpleasant smell flated int my nse as the bwl f fried stinky tfu(臭豆腐)settled nt my grandmther’s dinner table. I immediately sat back. The smell ruined my appetite, and I pushed the dish away.
“It’s suppsed t stink. Just give it a try! ” my grandmther said.
Hlding my breath, I unwillingly tk a bite. T my surprise, the tfu beneath the fried skin was warm, sft, and muthwatering. Since then, whenever I visited my grandmther’s huse, I wuld rush t the kitchen fr the stinky tfu with excitement. Thus, stinky tfu became mre than a husehld traditin. It became my favrite dish.
Alng with the stinky tfu, I wuld meet my Uncle Chan n every visit. As an immature by, I never understd my uncle’s cnditin f Dwn syndrme(唐氏综合征). He was an unfriendly and terrible creature in my eyes. He cnstantly walked arund the huse, talking t himself. Whenever he was within view, I wuld run away in fear.
Hwever, ne day, my view f my uncle suddenly changed. I was just getting ut f my bed when I heard sft steps appraching. It was my uncle. My muscles frze. He slwly sat next t me and tuched my face gently, as a mther wuld strke (抚摸)a baby. A wide smile emerged frm his blank expressin. Hw beautiful his smile was! I culd nt help but smile back. My fear disappeared gradually, and my muscles relaxed. Fr the first time, I culd see sftness and warmth in his eyes.
My uncle very much resembles stinky tfu. Stinky tfu smells unpleasant n the utside, yet feels warm and sft n the inside. Like stinky tfu, my uncle’s Dwn syndrme made me keep my distance at first. Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is harmless and has a lving nature.
Sme peple tend t lk dwn upn disabled peple and regard them as unfit fr a regular life. As I was unable t see thrugh the uter surface f the tfu, these peple are unable t see thrugh the surface f prejudice(偏见). As a result, they judge the disabled with ne glance.
The utside and inside f the stinky tfu exist as tw extremely different wrlds. Perhaps that is what makes it such a tasty dish. Nt nly is it delicius, stinky tfu ffers a valuable lessn: never judge peple at first glance, fr true beauty cmes frm the inside.
Ⅱ. 按要求完成任务
1. 写出文章中与 “美”有关的单词或短语。
warm, sft, favrite, change, tuch, gently, smile, emerge, beautiful, relax, sftness, warmth, inside, harmless, lving, nature, surface, utside, valuable, judge, beauty
2. 浅谈你对美的理解?
Beauty includes bth the external and the internal. We usually judge a persn r an bject by its appearance. In fact, it is a persn’s inner beauty that is imprtant, s we shuld cultivate a persn’s inner beauty.
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. accmpany vt. 伴随, 陪同; 伴奏
教材原句
Physical beauty must als be accmpanied by an attractin t smething deeper within a persn. (P34)
外在美一定也伴随着一个人的内在魅力。
【词块必记】
(1)accmpany sb. t sp. 陪同某人到某地(t为介词)
accmpany sb. at/n sth. 用某物给某人伴奏
(2)cmpany n. [C]公司; [U]陪伴; 伙伴
keep sb. cmpany=accmpany sb.
和某人一道; 陪伴某人
in cmpany with. . . 与……一起
cmpanin n. [C]同伴, 伙伴; 伴侣; 陪客
【误区释疑】
一般不使用accmpany sb. t d sth. 表示“陪伴某人做某事”。
【构词法】
ac-(动词前缀)+cmpany=accmpany vt. 伴随, 陪同; 伴奏
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I must ask yu t accmpany me t the plice statin.
②The singer was accmpanied at/n the guitar.
③He ften ges ut fr a walk accmpanied by/with his wife.
完成句子
④My sister has cme back frm America t keep me cmpany during my illness.
我妹妹从美国回来了, 为了在我生病期间陪我。
⑤China, in cmpany with ther peace-lving cuntries, has cnsistently std fr the cmplete prhibitin f the use f nuclear weapns.
中国和其他爱好和平的国家一起, 始终主张彻底禁止核武器的使用。
【写作金句】
Besides, sme peple will keep their mther cmpany t have dinner.
此外, 有些人会陪他们的妈妈吃晚饭。
2. cmmand n. & vt. 命令, 指挥; 控制; 掌握; 俯视
教材原句
He used t be a general in cmmand f the army, but nw he is a drkeeper. (P35)他过去是一个统率军队的将军, 但是现在他是一个守门人。
【词块必记】
(1)cmmand sb. t d. . . 命令某人做……
cmmand that . . . (shuld) d . . . 命令……做……
(2)at ne’s cmmand听从某人的支配
have a gd cmmand f. . . 掌握……, 精通……
under ne’s cmmand由某人指挥; 在某人的指挥下
in cmmand f指挥, 掌握
take cmmand f指挥, 控制
【知识拓展】
“指挥, 掌握”的表达还有in charge f; take charge f等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I am at yur cmmand — what wuld yu like me t d?
②The directr cmmanded that everyne (shuld)fllw(fllw) his advice.
③The plice cmmanded the witness t describe (describe) what had happened the day befre.
一句多译
老板命令员工们在天没黑之前不能离开办公室。
④The bss cmmanded that his wrkers (shuld)nt leave their ffice befre dark.
⑤The bss cmmanded his wrkers nt t leave their ffice befre dark.
【文化金句】
He is nt fit t cmmand thers that cannt cmmand himself.
正人先正己。
3. deliver vt. 递送, 传送; 生(小孩儿); 助产; 发表(演说等)
教材原句
. . . but I like it because it’s delivered with such energy. (P36)
……但是我之所以喜欢它是因为它表达出这样的活力。
【词块必记】
(1)deliver sth. t sb. 把某物递送/传送给某人
deliver sb. t. . . 把某人交给……
deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲/授课
deliver a baby接生
(2)delivery n. 递送, 发送
【知识拓展】
“发表(演说等)”的表达还有 address。
【构词法】
deliver+-y(名词后缀)=delivery n. 递送, 发送
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As lng as yu’ve paid in advance, we wn’t charge yu fr delivery (deliver).
②Please deliver the gds at yur earliest cnvenience t every husehld.
完成句子
③They delivered the blacks frm slavery.
他们把黑人从奴隶制度下解救出来。
④Wuld yu deliver my message t yur mther?
你可以帮我传口信给你妈妈吗?
【写作金句】
In rder t deliver a clear presentatin, I slwly explained the traditinal prcedure f making tea in detail.
为了清晰的讲解, 我慢慢地详细地讲解了传统泡茶的过程。
4. cnvey vt. 传达, 表达; 运送, 搬运
教材原句
It cnveys the pet’s sadness at being far frm his hme and family. (P39)
它表达了诗人远离家乡和亲人的悲伤之情。
【词块必记】
cnvey sth. t sb. 向某人表达/传达某物
cnvey sth. t. . . 运送某物到(某处)
cnvey ne’s feelings/meanings表达感情/意思
cnvey sb. /sth. frm A t B把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
【知识拓展】
“表达感情/意思”的表达还有: express/deliver ne’s feelings/meanings。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Wuld yu please cnvey my gd wishes t yur mther?
②He insisted that all the injured shuld be cnveyed frm the spt t the hspital at nce.
完成句子
③Fr lack f knwledge, they have difficulty in cnveying their feelings and thughts.
由于缺乏知识, 他们在表达情感和思想方面有困难。
④The plice asked the driver t cnvey the passengers t the destinatin safely.
警察要求司机把乘客安全地送到目的地。
【写作金句】
N wrds are strng enugh t cnvey hw grateful I am. 无法用言语来表达我的感激之情。
5. recmmend vt. 推荐, 介绍; 劝告, 建议
教材原句
I recmmend it fr the whle family. (P40)
我建议一家人一起看这部电影。
【词块必记】
(1)recmmend sb. as 推荐某人为……
recmmend sb. sth. = recmmend sth. t sb.
向某人推荐某物
recmmend sb. t d sth. 建议某人做某事
recmmend ding sth. 建议做某事
recmmend that. . . /It is recmmended that. . .
建议……[从句中的谓语动词用(shuld+)动词原形]
(2)recmmendatin n. 推荐; 建议
【知识拓展】
recmmend后面跟从句时, 从句谓语动词用“(shuld+)d”, 以下动词具有相同的用法:
一坚持: insist; 二命令: rder, cmmand; 三建议: suggest, advise, recmmend; 四要求: demand, request, require, desire; 再加一个敦促: urge
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The dctr recmmended that she (shuld) have (have) a hliday t relax herself.
②The dctr recmmended his patient t g (g) ut fr a walk.
③He recmmended reading (read) the bk befre seeing the mvie.
④I’ll be glad if yu can cnsider my recmmendatin (recmmend).
句型转换
⑤Can yu recmmend me a gardener?
→Can yu recmmend a gardener t me?
⑥They recmmended checking the machines every year.
→They recmmended that the machines (shuld) be checked every year.
⑦He advised me t d a part-time jb.
→He recmmended me t d a part-time jb.
【写作金句】
Therefre, I wuld like t recmmend ne f my favrite bks t yu. 因此, 我想向您推荐一本我最喜欢的书。
6. cnsistent adj. 一致的, 始终如一的; 持续的, 连续的
教材原句
. . . she was stating that there was n cnsistent view n beauty. (P34)
……她要表达的是人们对于美没有一致的观点。
【词块必记】
(1)be cnsistent with 与……相一致或吻合
be cnsistent in在……方面保持一致性
(2)cnsistvi. 由……组成; 相符
cnsist f(=be made up f)由……组成
【构词法】
cnsist+-ent(形容词后缀)=cnsistent adj. 一致的, 始终如一的; 持续的, 连续的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The result is cnsistent with what we guessed.
②He is nt cnsistent in his statement. He must be lying.
句型转换
③A medical team which cnsists f twenty peple has been sent there. (用非谓语动词短语作定语改写)
→A medical team cnsisting f twenty peple has been sent there.
【文化金句】
It’s terribly imprtant fr parents t be cnsistent.
父母要做到始终如一, 这是极为重要的。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
7. die ut 完全消失, 灭绝
教材原句
The human race wuld sn die ut if we culd nly see beauty within a set f limited criteria. (P34)
如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美, 人类不久将灭绝。
【词块必记】
die away 逐渐停止, (声、风、光)逐渐消失
die dwn减弱, 平息
die ff相继死去
be dying fr渴望/很想得到
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①My daughter is dying fr a bx f chclates, while my wife is dying t see (see) the exhibit.
②They lked up int the sky until the nise f the rcket died away.
完成句子
③That style f music died ut ten years ag.
那种风格的音乐10年前就消失了。
④She waited until the ftsteps had died away.
她一直等到脚步声渐渐消失。
Ⅲ. 经典句式
8. Traditins and fashins, like sciety itself, change and adapt with time, s it is reasnable that ur ideas f beauty change as well.
正如社会本身, 传统和时尚是在变化的, 是与时代同步的, 因此我们对美的认识会变化也是理所当然的。
【典型例句】
It is n wnder that they build a beautiful image in thers’ heart.
难怪在别人的心里他们能够建立一个美好形象。
【句型公式】
(1)It is/was+adj. (bvius, true, natural, surprising, wnderful, pssible, likely, certain . . . )+that . . .
(2)It is/was+名词词组(n wnder, n surprise, an hnr, a gd thing, a pity . . . )+that . . .
(3)It is/was+过去分词(said, reprted, thught, desired, expected, annunced . . . )+that . . .
【误区释疑】
在上述句型中, it为形式主语, 代替其后that引导的主语从句。(1)that引导主语从句时, 在从句中不充当任何成分, 只起连接作用, 但不可省略。
(2)形容词imprtant, strange, necessary, natural 以及过去分词suggested, required, urged, desired, recmmended等用于这一句型时, 从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气“(shuld+)d”形式。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①It is true that a persn’s character is, t a great extent, shaped by the envirnment they live in.
的确, 一个人的性格在很大程度上是由他所处的环境决定的。
②It is believed that greenhuse gases are the main cause f glbal warming.
人们相信温室气体是全球变暖的主因。
③It is a pity that a lt f peple haven’t been aware f the imprtance f saving water.
很遗憾很多人没有意识到节约用水的重要性。
【写作金句】
It is believed that the film is instructive and full f emtin, which tells the stry f ur schl’s grwing up, frm small t large, frm weak t strng.
人们一致认为这部影片很具有教育意义, 充满了情感, 它讲述了我们学校从小到大、从弱到强的发展历程。
9. Eyes raised, I see the mn s bright; Head bent, in hmesickness I am drwned.
举头望明月, 低头思故乡。
【典型例句】
①Weather permitting, we will g camping.
若天气许可, 我们就去野营。
②He turned t me, his eyes sleepy.
他睡眼惺忪地转向我。
③His mther t cme tnight, he is busy preparing the dinner.
他妈妈今晚要来, 他正忙着准备晚饭。
【句型公式】
常见的独立主格结构有以下几种:
(1)逻辑主语+v. -ing, 表示逻辑主语与后面的动作是主谓关系。
(2)逻辑主语+v. -ed, 表示逻辑主语与后面的动作是动宾关系。
(3)逻辑主语+t d, 表示还未发生的动作或状态。
(4)逻辑主语+形容词/副词/介词短语, 表示逻辑主语所处的状态或位置等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The task cmpleted (cmplete), we had a glbal traveling.
②Such an able man t help (help) yu, yu will surely succeed sner r later.
③Leaves falling (fall) here and there, I suddenly ntice autumn is drawing upn.
完成句子
④He came int the rm, his ears red with cld.
他回到了房间里, 耳朵冻红了。
⑤I heard that he gt injured in the accident, my heart full f wrry.
听说他在这起事故中受了伤, 我内心充满了担忧。
一句多译
⑥考试结束后, 我们开始了假期。
a. When the test was finished, we began ur hliday.
b. The test finished, we began ur hliday.
【备选要点】
1. superir adj. 高级的, 上等的, 优秀的 n. 上级, 上司
【典型例句】
The beauty f human figure is the superir frm f natural beauty. 形体美是自然美的高级形态。
【词块必记】
be superir t. . . 比……优越(更好、强), 优于……
be inferir t. . . 低于, 不如……, 在……之下
be senir t比……年长/资历深/职位高
be junir t比……年轻/资历浅/职位低
【思维拓展】
superir与t搭配构成比较级, 表示“比……更好”, 不可用than。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①This mdel f 5G mbile phne is far superir t any thers. 这款5G手机比其他的强多了。
②He lks yunger than his friend; in fact, he is three years senir t his friend.
他看上去比他的朋友年轻, 事实上, 他比他朋友还大三岁。
③Tm is junir t many ther peple wh wrk here.
汤姆比在这里工作的许多其他人资历要浅。
④I cnsider this ne t be inferir t that ne.
我认为这个比那个要差。
【写作金句】
Athletes frm ur schl team have wn many gld medals f table tennis cntests in recent years and they have a gd cperatin relatinship with their superir, especially their cach. 近几年我校运动员已获得了很多乒乓球赛的金牌, 他们都和他们的上级尤其是教练有着良好的合作关系。
2. range n. (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围; 等级; 类别, 种类; 幅度; 界限; 山脉; 射程 v. (在一定范围内)变动, 变化; 排列
教材原句
This particular kind f attractin is fund in a wide range f persnal qualities, e. g. kindness, warmth, a healthy cnscience, etc. (P34)这种特殊的魅力存在于不同的个性特征中, 例如, 仁慈、热心、健康的良知等。
【词块必记】
(1)a wide/full range f 一系列, 各种
within/in the range (f sth. )在(某物)可及的范围内
beynd/ut f range (f sth. )超出(某物的)范围
(2)range frm. . . t. . . 在……范围内变动; 包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between. . . and. . . 在……和……范围内变动
【熟词生义】
These missiles have a range f 300 miles.
这些导弹有300英里的射程。(射程)
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As a result, humans develped a range f character types that still exist tday.
②The price f the huse is well beynd/ut f ur range.
③I gave them a vivid and infrmative intrductin f tea culture ranging(rang) frm its histry t its rich variety.
【写作金句】
Mrever, with the stadium set up, a wide range f sprts events are able t be held, f which pingpng, ftball as well as running cmpetitins enjy great ppularity.
此外, 随着体育场的建立, 各种各样的体育赛事可以举行, 其中乒乓球, 足球和跑步比赛很受欢迎。
3. treat vt. 对待, 处理; 治疗; 款待, 请客 n. 款待, 请客
教材原句
Her sisters, Felicie and Adelaide, are nasty and treat Beauty as a servant. (P40)
她的姐姐费利西娅和阿德莱德都很令人厌恶, 她们把美女当作仆人。
【词块必记】
(1)treat . . . as . . . 把……看作……
treat sb. /neself t用……款待某人/自己
treat sb. with. . . 用……款待某人
treat sb. with sth. 用某物为某人治疗(某疾病)
(2)It’s my treat. 我请客。
(3)treatment n. 对待; 治疗
【误区释疑】
treat指治疗的过程, 若要强调治疗的结果, 则要用cure。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①My parents ften treat me as a baby, which I can’t bear.
②The earlier the treatment (treat) is given, the better it is fr the patient.
③Yung peple shuld always treat the elders with respect.
完成句子
④The cnditin is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
这种病通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。
⑤I’m ging t treat myself t a new pair f shes.
我打算给自己买双新鞋。
⑥Dn’t wrry abut the cst— it is my treat.
别担心费用, 这次我请客。
4. strike (struck, stricken/struck) vt. 打; 打动; 撞击; (时钟)报时; 攻击; 侵袭; 爆发; 突然想到; 划火柴 n. 袭击; 罢工
教材原句
Althugh it is in black and white, the striking use f light makes it seem at times like a mving painting. (P40)
虽然它是黑白片, 可是惊人的灯光使用有时使它看上去像一幅移动的画。
【词块必记】
(1)be struck by/with . . . 被……打动/触动; 为……所侵袭
It/Sth. strikes/hits sb. that. . . =It/Sth. ccurs t sb. that. . .
某人突然想起……
strike . . . int ne’s heart使……刻骨铭心
be/g n strike在/举行罢工
(2)striking adj. 引人注目的, 突出的
【熟词生义】
The man struck a match t light the candle.
那人划了根火柴来点燃蜡烛。(划(火柴))
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Struck (strike) by the mudslide, the city was cut ff frm the utside.
②It was reprted that many wrkers were n strike in that cuntry.
③The first time he met the girl he was struck by her wisdm and fell in lve with her.
一句多译
我突然想到, 我们应该制订一个新的方案。
④It/An idea struck/hit me that we ught t make a new plan.
⑤It/An idea ccurred t me that we ught t make a new plan.
【写作金句】
What strikes me mst is the tur alng the Yangtze River, the lngest river f China and ne f the mther rivers f Chinese civilizatin. 最打动我的是长江之行, 长江是中国最长的河, 又是中华文明的母亲河之一。
5. be keen n 喜欢, 迷恋
教材原句
Persnally, I’m nt that keen n. . . (P37)
就我个人而言, 我不那么喜欢……
【词块必记】
be keen fr sth. 渴望某物
be keen fr sb. t d sth. 渴望某人做某事
【思维拓展】表示“喜欢”的其他表达:
①be fnd f ding sth. ②lve/like/enjy (ding) sth.
③care fr (ding) sth. ④g in fr sth.
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Daniel is very keen n tennis.
②She’s ut f hspital and keen t get (get)back t wrk.
句型转换
③Mst girls d nt g in fr rugh games.
→Mst girls aren’t keen n playing rugh games.
④He desn’t care fr classical music.
→He isn’t keen t listen t classical music.
【写作金句】
It has always been an attractin fr thse wh are keen n anything that is Chinese. 对于那些热衷于任何中国货的人来说, 它一直都是一种吸引力。
6. rather than 而不是
教材原句
Pems ften use images and descriptins rather than simply explaining a situatin. (P39)
诗中常用形象和描述, 而不是简单地解释一种情形。
【词块必记】
ther than 除了; 除……之外
r rather 更确切地说
【语境速测】 一句多译
她宁愿和我们一起去, 也不愿留下来。
①She wuld rather g with us than stay behind.
②She wuld g with us rather than stay behind.
③She preferred t g with us rather than stay behind.
【写作金句】
As a matter f fact, the quality f praise is mre significant, which fcuses n the kids’ effrt rather than the utcme.
事实上, 表扬的质量更重要, 它关注的是孩子的努力, 而不是结果。
7. hang n (电话用语)别挂断, 稍等; 紧紧抓住; 坚持
教材原句
Hang n a secnd. (P42)等一下。
【词块必记】
hang n t sth. 抓紧某物; 保存某物
hang abut/arund闲荡; 等待
hang up挂断电话
【思维拓展】
(1)hang n可用作电话用语, 后跟a minute, a mment, a while等, 意为“别挂断”。
(2)除此之外, hang n还可表示“等一下”, 相当于wait a mment。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①I’m afraid the (telephne) line is engaged. Wuld yu like t hang n?
恐怕电话占线, 请等一下好吗?
②Hang n t that rpe and dn’t let it g.
抓紧那根绳子, 不要松手。
③I hung arund fr abut an hur and then left there.
我闲逛了大约1小时, 然后离开了那里。
8. S d I. . . 我也一样……
【典型例句】
①I lved this mvie and s did all my friends.
我喜欢这部电影, 我所有的朋友也喜欢。
②I hadn’t been t New Yrk befre and neither had Jane.
我以前没有去过纽约, 简也没去过。
③Tm enjys singing, but he desn’t like dancing. S it is with Mary/It’s the same with Mary.
汤姆喜欢唱歌但不喜欢跳舞。玛丽也是一样。
【句型公式】
(1)“s+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面的肯定情况也适用于后面的人或物, 表示“某人/某物也这样”。
(2)“neither/nr+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”, 表示前面的否定情况也适用于后面的人或物, 表示“某人/某物也不这样”。
(3)如果前面句子的谓语中既有肯定又有否定, 或者形式不同, 则用句型“S it is (was) with . . . /It is (was) the same with . . . ”。
【误区释疑】
(1)“s+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”, 表示同意、附和前一说话者所说的内容, 可译为“是的, 对, 的确如此”。
(2)“主语+d+s”在上下文中用来避免重复, 可译为“某人/物那样做了”。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①I’m s excited at the news and s are my friends Mary and Tm.
我对这个消息感到非常兴奋, 我的朋友玛丽和汤姆也是。
②Jane wn’t jin us fr dinner tnight and nr/neither will Jhn.
简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭, 约翰也不会。
③He is very clever but he desn’t wrk hard; it is the same with his sister/s it is with his sister.
他很聪明, 但不努力, 他姐姐也是这样。
句式转换
④Tm can speak French and his brther can speak, t.
→Tm can speak French and s can his brther.
⑤If yu dn’t attend the meeting, I wn’t, either.
→If yu dn’t attend the meeting, neither will I.
【写作金句】
Yu tld me t find mre time fr what I’m interested in and I did s.
你让我多花点时间做我感兴趣的事, 我按照你说的做了。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins(cmpany) can influence ur fd intake.
2. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷)In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge.
3. (2020· 天津高考)Via such netwrks, libraries share their bks with each ther thrugh the use f delivery (deliver)vehicles.
4. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷)One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment(treat) f animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2, 000 prductins this year.
5. (2019·天津高考)Peter had energy and passin and cnveyed (cnvey)the sense that science was part f the wrld arund yu and nt a dull bring academic discipline.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
On the first day f the new term, the headmaster 1. delivered(deliver) a speech, 2. cnveying(cnvey) his views n the aesthetics f cntemprary middle schl students. At the same time, many bks 3. were recmmended(recmmend) t the students. After the meeting, the head teacher cmmanded us 4. t g (g)utdrs mre t feel the beauty f nature. Under the guidance f my teacher, I 5. accmpanied(accmpany) my classmates t Munt Tai this week. We were all 6. struck(strike) by its beauty and bught a range 7. f suvenirs. Thrugh this series f studies and activities, I deeply realize that as lng as we 8. treat(treatment) nature well, nature will give us the best. Indeed, humans shuld cnstantly reflect n why s many animals and plants have died 9. ut, and hw we shuld deal 10. with it.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
The best gift I have ever received is a hand-made calendar. It was made up by my best friend Jane, with wh I have s much in cmmn. On each page f the calendar, there is the picture f us with sme wrd written by Jane. She either tells me what she feels abut ur friendship r encurages me try my best and live a happy life. Whenever I lk at the calendar, I am tuched by smething warmly, and my heart is filling with lve. This gift is a memry f the wnderful time I spend with Jane in junir high schl and I will keep them frever.
答案:
1. 【解析】第二句: 去掉up。考查动词。句意: 它是我最好的朋友简做的, 我和她有很多共同之处。be made up由……组成, 文中表示“由……做的”, 所以去掉up。
2. 【解析】第二句: wh改成whm。考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句, 先行词是my best friend Jane, 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句, 指人, 只能用whm, 所以wh改成whm。
3. 【解析】第三句: 第二个the改成a。考查冠词。句意: 在日历的每一页上, 都有一张我们的照片和简写的一些话语。泛指“一张照片”, 且picture的首字母发音是辅音, 用不定冠词a, 所以第二个the改成a。
4. 【解析】第三句: wrd改成wrds。考查名词单复数。句意: 在日历的每一页上, 都有一张我们的照片和简写的一些话语。文中“话语”是复数意义, 用名词复数, 所以wrd改成wrds。
5. 【解析】第四句: what改成hw。考查宾语从句。句意: 她要么告诉我她怎样感觉我们的友谊, 要么鼓励我尽我最大的努力, 过上幸福的生活。这里含有一个宾语从句, 表示“怎样感觉我们的友谊”, 用引导词hw, 所以what改成hw。
6. 【解析】第四句: 第二个me后加t。考查固定用法。句意: 她要么告诉我她怎样感觉我们的友谊, 要么鼓励我尽我最大的努力, 过上幸福的生活。encurage sb. t d sth. 鼓励某人做某事, 该用法是固定用法, 所以第二个me后添加t。
7. 【解析】第五句: warmly改成warm。考查形容词。句意: 每当我看日历的时候, 我都被一些温暖的东西所感动, 我的心里充满了爱。修饰不定代词smething, 用形容词, 所以warmly改成warm。
8. 【解析】第五句: filling改成filled。考查固定短语。句意: 每当我看日历的时候, 我都被一些温暖的东西所感动, 我的心里充满了爱。be filled with. . . 被……充满, 该短语是固定短语, 所以filling改成filled。
9. 【解析】第六句: spend改成spent。考查时态。句意: 这件礼物是我和简在初中度过的美好时光的回忆, 我将永远珍藏它。文中“我和简在初中度过的美好时光”是发生在过去的事情, 用一般过去时, 所以spend改成spent。
10. 【解析】第六句: them改成it。考查代词。句意: 这件礼物是我和简在初中度过的美好时光的回忆, 我将永远珍藏它。指代上文的“这件礼物”, 用it, 所以them改成it。
核心素养 培养学生正确审美观, 引导学生关注和提高审美情趣, 树立正确的价值观
高考链接 2020·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空; 2020·全国Ⅲ卷语法填空; 2019·天津高考阅读理解B; 2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空; 2018·天津高考阅读理解D
Ⅰ. 话题与阅读理解
(2018·天津高考阅读理解D)
Give yurself a test. Which way is the wind blwing? Hw many kinds f wildflwers can be seen frm yur frnt dr? If yur awareness is as sharp as it culd be, yu’ll have n truble answering these questins.
Mst f us bserved much mre as children than we d as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascinatin, newness and wnder. Curisity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctins that were sharp t us as children becme unclear; we are numb(麻木的)t new stimulatin(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art f seeing the wrld arund us is quite simple, althugh it takes practice and requires breaking sme bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is t stp predicting what we are ging t see and feel befre it ccurs. This blcks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rcky Muntains with sme students, I mentined that we were ging t crss a muntain stream. The students began cmplaining abut hw cld it wuld be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almst knee-deep when they realized it was a ht spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cld water at first.
Anther blck t awareness is the bsessin(痴迷) many f us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers wh sptted a bird, immediately lked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crwned kinglet” and checked it ff. They n lnger paid attentin t the bird and never learned what it was ding.
The pressures f “time” and “destinatin” are further blcks t awareness. I encuntered many hikers wh were headed t a distant camp-grund with just enugh time t get there befre dark. It seldm ccurred t them t wander a bit, t take a mment t see what’s arund them. I asked them what they’d seen. “Oh, a few birds, ” they said. They seemed bent n their destinatins.
Nature seems t unfld t peple wh watch and wait. Next time yu take a walk, n matter where it is, take in all the sights, sunds and sensatins. Wander in this frame f mind and yu will pen a new dimensin t yur life.
【文章大意】本文属于议论文, 主要论述了随着个人的成长, 我们对周围事物失去了敏感度, 缺少了好奇心。作者告诉我们: 在乎目的地的同时也要懂得欣赏沿途的风景。
1. Accrding t Paragraph 2, cmpared with adults, children are mre ______.
A. anxius t d wnders
B. sensitive t thers’ feelings
C. likely t develp unpleasant habits
D. eager t explre the wrld arund them
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But distinctins that were sharp t us as children becme unclear; we are numb t new stimulatin, new ideas. ”可知“相比孩子, 我们(成年人)对新刺激、新观点变得麻木了。”
2. What idea des the authr cnvey in Paragraph 3?
A. T avid jumping t cnclusins.
B. T stp cmplaining all the time.
C. T fllw the teacher’s advice.
D. T admit mistakes hnestly.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。本段属于总分结构, 由首句“. . . t stp predicting what we are ging t see and feel befre it ccurs. ”可知“我们要停止在还没有感受过程的时候就预测结果。”该段后面的例子用于证明这个论点。
3. The bird watchers’ behavir shws that they ______.
A. are very patient in their bservatin
B. are really fascinated by nature
C. care nly abut the names f birds
D. questin the accuracy f the field guides
【解析】选C。推理判断题。辨鸟的事例是为本段首句论点服务的, 因此由本段首句中的“the bsessin many f us have with naming things”可知答案。
4. Why d the hikers take n ntice f the surrundings during the jurney?
A. The natural beauty isn’t attractive t them.
B. They fcus n arriving at the camp in time.
C. The frest in the dark is dangerus fr them.
D. They are keen t see rare birds at the destinatin.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段的首句“The pressures f ‘time’ and ‘destinatin’ are further blcks t awareness. ”可知“他们在乎的是时间和目的地。”
5. In the passage, the authr intends t tell us we shuld ______.
A. fill ur senses t feel the wnders f the wrld
B. get rid f sme bad habits in ur daily life
C. pen ur mind t new things and ideas
D. try ur best t prtect nature
【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章属于总分结构, 第一、二段是总的部分, 根据这一部分可知作者建议我们用心去感知世界的奇妙。
【难句剖析】
Mst f us bserved much mre as children than we d as adults.
分析: 本句主干是一个比较结构; much用来修饰比较级, 表示程度; d代指动词bserve; 介词短语as children和as adults中的as意为“作为”。
翻译: 我们中的大部分人作为孩子时注意到的东西比作为成人时多。
【微技能点拨】 细读题干, 查询转换内容
细读题干, 提炼最能够说明问题的词、词组或者句型, 在这个基础上从文章中找出同义词、词组或者句型, 带着目的读文章, 必须字斟句酌。
本文中第1题为细节理解题, 根据策略解题如下:
Step 1 题干关键词: cmpared with adults
Step 2 原文信息关键词: distinctins. . . children
Step 3 两者对比, 转换内容: 尝试解答 D 。
【语用提能】
【微语法填空】(2018·天津高考阅读理解D改编)
Mst f us bserved much mre as children 1. than we d as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascinatin, newness and wnder. Curisity gives us all a natural 2. awareness(aware). But distinctins that are sharp t 3. us(we) as children becme unclear; we are numb t new stimulatin, new ideas. Relearning the art f seeing the wrld arund us 4. is (be)quite simple, althugh it takes practice and requires breaking sme bad habits. Of which there are three 5. factrs(factr) that blck ur awareness. First, stp predicting what we are ging 6. t see (see)and feel befre it ccurs. Secnd, the bsessin many f us have with 7. naming(name) things. Last, the pressures f “time” and “destinatin”. 8. Actually(actual), nature seems t unfld t peple 9. wh watch and wait, s next time yu take a walk, n matter where it is, take in all the sights, sunds and sensatins. Wander in this frame f mind 10. and yu will pen a new dimensin t yur life.
Ⅱ. 话题与写作
(2021·盘锦模拟)
假定你是学生会主席李华, 邀请交换生Peter参加你校在本月举行的文明校园(civilized campus)创建活动。请根据以下要点, 给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动内容(倡导语言美、行为美、环境美);
3. 表示欢迎。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
Step 1 写作技巧
①词汇提升(短语优先)
As a nice envirnment is gd fr us, we’ll try t create a pleasant schl envirnment. →As a nice envirnment is gd fr us, we’ll spare n effrt t create a pleasant schl envirnment.
②句式多变(定语从句等)
We aim at ging hand in hand t set up ur civilized campus, beauty and harmny can meet in it. →We aim at ging hand in hand t set up ur civilized campus where beauty and harmny meet.
③逻辑严谨
meanwhile等连接词及一些高级句式如定语从句、原因状语从句等的运用使文章衔接自然, 逻辑严谨。
Step 2 妙笔成篇(尽量使用本单元所学知识点)
Dear Peter,
It is a great hnr fr me t invite yu t take part in the activity “Build a Civilized Campus” this mnth.
We aim at ging hand in hand t set up ur civilized campus where beauty and harmny meet. T achieve the gal, we’ll call n the schl t cmmunicate with each ther in plite wrds. Meanwhile, we shuld behave urselves and bey schl rules. As a nice envirnment is gd fr us, we’ll spare n effrt t create a pleasant schl envirnment. All the abve is t cntribute t the gd cnduct f teachers and students in ur schl.
It wuld be nice if yu culd jin us.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
Befre there was the written wrd, there was the language f dance. Dance expresses lve and hate, jy and srrw, life and death, and everything else in between.
1 We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, ffice parties and just t fill the time.
“I adre dancing, ” says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. “I can’t imagine ding anything else with my life. ” Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. “Teaching dancing is wnderful. 2 It’s great t watch them. Fr many f them, it’s a way f meeting peple and having a scial life. ”
3 “I can tell yu abut ne yung cuple, ” says Bridges. “They’re learning t d traditinal dances. They arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 ”
S, d we dance in rder t make urselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern f a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want t get better and better. 5 I find it hard t stp! Dancing reminds me I’m alive. ”
A. S why d we dance?
B. Dance in the U. S. is everywhere.
C. If yu like dancing utdrs, cme t America.
D. My lder students say it makes them feel yung.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems t change their feeling cmpletely.
G. They stayed up all night lng singing and dancing.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舞蹈的内涵、普及的范围及人们对舞蹈的看法。
1. 【解析】选B。空格后面描述了舞蹈在美国的普及范围和程度, 可知 “在美国, 舞蹈无处不在”这一选项可为本段的主题句。
2. 【解析】选D。空格所在处是引用 Bridges所说的话, 根据空格前面的信息词Teaching dancing可知选D。
3. 【解析】选A。Bridges讲述了一对年轻夫妇通过跳舞改善情绪的故事, 故A项符合语境。
4. 【解析】选F。前文讲述的是一对精神不振的年轻夫妇跳完舞后面带微笑离开了, 可知“跳舞似乎完全改变了他们的情绪”, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选E。本段讲述的是Andrea Hillier对跳舞的痴迷。空格前面提到, Even after all these years, I want t get better and better. 再根据后句I find it hard t stp! 可知, 空格处应为一个过渡句, 故选择E: 我在极度疲惫的时候仍然坚持跳舞。话题词汇
wildflwer, fascinatin, newness, wnder, curisity, simple, sense, bsessin, destinatin, sight, sensatin, dimensin
短语句式
pay attentin t, have n truble(in)ding sth. , what引导的名词性从句等
熟词新义
sharp adj. 敏捷的
wnder n. 惊讶; 奇迹
distinctin n. 区别; 差别; 特性; 荣誉、勋章