高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes复习练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes复习练习题，共7页。

A
1. What can we learn abut the Milky Way?
A. There are nly stars inside it.
B. It’s the biggest spiral galaxy in the universe.
C. There is a black hle at its center.
D. It takes 100,000 years t get there frm Earth.
Which f the fllwing is the main factr in categrizing galaxies?
A. Distance frm the sun.B. Size.C. The number f stars. D. Shape.
3. Which f the fllwing galaxies can be classified as an irregular galaxy?
A. The Whale Galaxy — shaped like a whale and similar t the Milky Way in size.
B. The Cigar Galaxy—a lng and narrw galaxy that lks like an ashy clud.
C. Cynus A (3C 405) — the brightest egg shape we can bserve.
D. The Sunflwer Galaxy — a galaxy with multiple arms spreading frm its bright heart.
B
I always wanted t have an extrardinarily gdcmmand f smething. I wanted t remainthe bestinclass—awe-inspiring and tip-tp; a wrld-famus genius, like Michael Phelps, r Mark Zuckerberg.
Unfrtunately, my versin f reality did nt quite line up with this delusinal expectatin. I was a gd swimmer, but I peaked at the cllegiate State Champinship level. My academic recrd was pretty slid, but I never wuld have made it int ne f thse exceptinal Ivy League schls.
Thugh I rse t abve-average status in a cuple f areas, the disappinting truth was that I wuld never amunt t anything mre than a mid-sized fish in a small pnd. The destiny apparently drawn up ther plans.
What drve me crazy, thugh, was the superstar talent thrwn in my face at every turn. Sme flks just appeared t get an unfair share f it. Why culdn’t I be like Bernie Williams, the famed New Yrk Yankees player wh als happened t be a wrld-class jazz guitar virtus (艺术大师)?
Sme say greatness is simply a functin f devting the practice time. It is arund ten thusand hurs, t be precise, accrding t authr Malclm Gladwell. I dn’t questin the thery f cmmitting extrardinary and cnsiderable effrts t develping ne’s prfessinal knwledge, but it seems that the talent carries much weight alike.
I’ve heard that as peple apprach middle age, their life satisfactin increases because they begin t accept the gap between the expectatins fr themselves and the reality. After a few decades f frustratin withut the desired results, we eventually cme t terms with hw ur lives turned ut, even if it falls far shrt f ur idealized yuthful expectatins.
Hpe bends, it seems.
4. What des the underlined wrd “delusinal” in paragraph mst prbably mean?
A. Realistic. B. Imaginary. C. Disappinting. D. Material.
5. In the passage, the writer thinks f himself as ___________.
A. a wrld-famus genius B. a wrld-class virtus
C. a mid-sized fish in a small pndD. a student in an Ivy-League schl
6. Accrding t the writer, what makes “greatness”?
A. Talent and practice.B. Ten thusand hurs f practice.
C. Talent and prfessinal knwledge.D. Extrardinary effrts.
7. Which f the fllwing might be the best title?
A. Hpe Bends B. Frustrating Decades
C. Practice Cunts D. Yuthful Expectatins
C
While we may think it feels gd t cmplain, cmplaining has sme bad effects assciated with it.
Why is cmplaining bad? Research indicates that it cnnects ur brain with negativity. The brain is designed t wrk efficiently. This means that when we repeat a thught, negative r psitive, the nerve cells frm a bridge between each ther t pass infrmatin at a higher speed. Therefre, the next time we have a similar type f thught, it is mre easily passed. This accunts fr why certain thught patterns eventually evlve int habits.
Yet the harmful effects dn’t stp there. A study reveals that cmplaining causes the hippcampus(海马区), which plays a vital rle in prblem-slving, t becme smaller. In additin t causing brain damage, cmplaining als releases a stress hrmne: crtisl, a kind f chemical the bdy prduces when we meet with sme danger. Cnstantly having a high level f crtisl results in high bld pressure, high bld sugar, and lwer immunity(免疫力).
The ill effects f ur cmplaining aren’t just restricted t urselves: they als invlve thse arund us. We tend t mirrr the mds f ur friends. Fr this reasn, we shuld be cautius abut having stubbrn cmplainers in ur circle f acquaintances and cmpanins.
The best way t deal with cnstant negativity is t develp a sense f gratitude. Just like cmplaining acts as a pisn, gratitude acts as a medicine. Research shws it lwers crtisl levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces bld pressure and bld sugar. It als decreases exhaustin and lw spirits. Gratitude is the perfect cure fr cmplaining, a behavir that steals ur brain pwer, happiness and physical well-being.
What have yu bserved abut the effects f cmplaining in yur wn life r in the lives f thers? Have yu nticed that when yu remain grateful, yu feel better thrughut? Please share yur thughts in the cmments sectin belw.
8. What d Para2 —3 mainly talk abut?
A. The bad effects f cmplaining n brain pwer.
B. The decrease f a vital part f ur brain.
C. The diseases caused by cmplaining.
D. The reasn why certain thught patterns becme habits.
9. What can we knw abut crtisl frm the passage?
A. Gratitude functins as an effective cure fr crtisl.
B. Having a high level f crtisl can cntribute t many health prblems.
C. Our bdy prduce crtisl when we feel excited.
D. Crtisl is a chemical that can cause brain damage.
10. What attitude des the writer take t stubbrn cmplainers?
A. Grateful.B. Ambiguus.C. Skeptical.D. Disapprving.
11. Where can the passage mst prbably appear?
A. On a website.B. In a health magazine.
C. In a medical reprt.D. In a radi prgram.
D
We are frtunate t live in a city that encurages bicycling as a means f transprtatin. Our lcal gvernment has prmted bicycling by imprving bike lanes (车道) and increasing the number f them. The grwing number f cyclists, hwever, brings this questin t mind: shuld bicyclists be required t share the respnsibilities f the rad? Autmbile drivers have t pass cmpetence tests, fllw established regulatins, and accept punishment fr vilating rules. The city requires drivers t register and license their vehicles t ensure accuntability (责任). Bicyclists wh use public radways shuld be held accuntable, t.
Let’s lk at what sharing the rad means. Fr ne thing, it shuld invlve cst sharing. Aut registratin and license fees are used, in part, fr building and maintaining radways. It seems nly reasnable t ask bicyclists t cntribute t transprtatin funding as well.
Mre significantly, sharing the rad includes accuntability. When drivers verlk the rules f the rad, the plice and ther mtrists have the pprtunity t identify them by their license plate number and reprt their ffenses. This isn’t true fr bicyclists. I’ve seen bicyclists mving quickly between lanes. Because they shw n identificatin, they feel prtected by annymity (匿名). What gd wuld it d t reprt t the plice “I saw a guy n a red bike blw thrugh the stplight?” The simple act f making bicyclists identifiable wuld encurage safer, mre respnsible riding.
Of curse, I’ve heard arguments against asking cyclists t register and license their bikes. Sme peple might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Wuld yu require a six-year-ld rider t sit fr a test and pay a fee?” Obviusly, the city culd determine an age when cycling wuld be cnsidered “a means f transprtatin n public rads.” Other peple argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes d nt damage the radways as cars d. Bicycle registratin fees culd be cmparatively mdest, and the methd
fr displaying a license number culd be simple.
Many U.S. cities and twns nw bring bike registratin and licensing int frce. A bill frm ne Califrnia twn states that the laws regulating bicycles serve a duble purpse, anti-theft and safety. I’m eager t see mre bicyclists n the rad, and I’m hping fr riders wh take their respnsibilities seriusly.
12. T advcate respnsible cycling, the authr suggests ____________.
A. increasing the number f bike lanes
B. identifying cyclists thrugh registratin
C. giving cmpetence tests t all cyclists
D. reprting cycling ffenses mre frequently
13. What is the authr’s purpse in writing Paragraph 4?
A. T accunt fr hw bicycle registratin and licensing wrk.
B. T prvide slutins t reduce irrespnsible cycling f kids.
C. T argue against requiring cyclists t register and license their bicycles.
D. T respnd t peple’s dubts abut hlding cyclists accuntable.
14. What argumentative methds are emplyed in this article?
① Using examples、
② Quting prfessinals’ remarks
③ Cmparing and cntrasting
④ Appealing t readers’ emtins
A. ①③B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ①②
15. Which f the fllwing can best summarize the main idea f the passage?
A. Shuld we encurage mre cycling in the city?
B. What des “sharing the rad” mean t cyclists?
C. Shuld cyclists register and license their bikes?
D. Hw can rad safety be better guaranteed fr everyne?
第二节 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
The Psychlgy f Spending
Have yu ever stayed up “chpping yur hands” during the Duble Eleventh Shpping Festival? Des pssessing the latest iPhne 12, designer purse r limited sneakers really brighten yur day?___16___
Dr. Thmas Gilvich, psychlgy prfessr at Crnell University, has studied the tpic fr ver 20 years. Accrding t Dr. Gilvich, “We buy things t make us happy, and we succeed, but nly fr a while. New things are exciting t us initially, but then we adapt t them.” ___17___
Dr. Gilvich has fund that ur satisfactin with pssessins fades ver time. Yet ur happiness ver things we’ve experienced increases.
Why experiences are the better investment?
1. ___18___
A trip, an adventure ra hbby etc. tend t bring the participants tgether and unite them ver a shared interest. Accrding t Gilvich, “We cnsume experiences directly with ther peple.” As a result, these experiences typically create a psitive link and gd feelings tward the ther persn r peple.
2. Yur experiences becme a part f yur identity.
Yu might be smene wh lves taking cking classes. ___19___ They wn’t knw yu as smene wh wns the latest kitchen equipment.
1. Experiences prvide lasting memries.
Planned experiences are frequently smething we expect. Then when the mment arrives, if we enjy the time invlved in the activity, we’re left with fnd memries. These memries will ften last a lifetime. Even ur wrst trips, n many ccasins, are later cmmitted t memry with laughter.
Materialism VSMeaningful Experiences
___20___ Why nt spend them n things that will make the greatest difference t ur lives—meaningful experiences?
A. Mre than likely, yu’ll strike yur friends and family as a great ck.
B. Mst f us pssess limited resurces.
C. The research shwed that peple wh spent mney n experiences instead f pssessins were happier.
D. Activities can bnd individuals.
E. He has cncluded that we are spending ur mney n the wrng things.
F. Old questins as they seem, ne psychlgist thinks that he might have the answer.
G. In ther wrds, nce the nvelty (新鲜感) f ur newest purchase wears ff, we begin lking fr smething else t buy t make us happy.
参考答案
阅读 1-15 CDB BCAA ABDA BDAC
七选五 16-20 FGDAB GALAXIES (星系) OF THE UNIVERSE
TheMilky Way is nly ne galaxy amng a few hundred millin galaxies in ur universe (each with hundreds f billins f stars).
Galaxies are huge grupings f stars, planets, gas and dust. Our sun is in the Milky Way, which measures abut 100,000 light years acrss. That lng thin milky bright shape acrss the middle f the night sky cnsists f abut hundreds f billins f stars in ur galaxy. Our galaxy is a spiral (螺旋式的) ne, but there are ther types.
SPIRAL GALAXIES: There are galaxies that have spiral arms that appear frm the center. Our slar system is lcated n ne f the arms f the Milky Way. Our galaxy has a huge black hle at its center that billins f stars circled arund.
ELLIPICAL GALAXIES: There are galaxies shaped like a huge egg. The stars in these galaxies tend t be very ancient. Furthermre, the ld stars in elliptical galaxies tend t be yellw and reddish, which based n ur understanding f the star evlutin, means they are smaller, darker stars.
IRREGULAR GALAXIES: There are many ther shapes f galaxies that aren’t spiral r elliptical. They all fit int the irregular categry. They are smaller than spiral galaxies. Like the Large and Small Magellanic Cluds, they have rather unusual-lking shapes.