高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero同步练习题

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero课时作业

Language points

第一节　阅读理解

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead，with more tactics (策略).

One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example，stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品) later in their trip. In department stores，the women's shoe section is generally next to the women's cosmetics (化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe，bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.

Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping，so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods，too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played，sales of French wines went up.

When it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door，and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house，the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows，and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.

1. Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?

A. To save customers time.

B. To show they are high quality foods.

C. To help sell junk food.

D. To sell them at discount prices.

2. According to Paragraph 3，which of the following encourages customers to buy?

A. Opening the store early in the morning.

B. Displaying British wines next to French ones.

C. Inviting customers to play music.

D. Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.

3. What is the California builder's story intended to prove?

A. The house structure is a key factor customers consider.

B. The more costly the house is，the better it sells.

C. An ocean view is much to the customers' taste.

D. A good first impression increases sales.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.

B. To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.

C. To report researches on customer behavior.

D. To show dishonest business practices.

语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为历史与社会类。在古埃及，有位店主发现只需改变店铺的环境就可以把顾客吸引过来，而现代的商界也追随他的脚步，采用了更多的销售策略。

1. 解析：事实细节题。由第二段中的“They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food. . . ”可以看出商家首先展示水果、蔬菜的真正目的是促销他们的垃圾食品。

答案：C

2. 解析：事实细节题。第三段主要讲商家通过感官来吸引顾客。他们每天早上会烤好面包，让面包的气味一天都弥漫在店铺里面，以此来刺激顾客的购买欲望。

答案：D

3. 解析：推理判断题。最后一段指出，顾客往往在进入房间的最初几秒会做出决定，商人把这变为商机。加利福尼亚的建筑师让顾客第一眼看到的是太平洋和游泳池，这帮他销售了1000万美元的房子，由此证明如果给顾客的第一印象好的话就有助于增加销量。

答案：D

4. 解析：主旨大意题。概括全文可知，本文主要介绍了商家促销的几种策略，包括商品摆放、感官影响和第一印象。A项“解释商家如何把人们变为自己的顾客”符合文章的写作目的。

答案：A

B

Across Britain，burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. But，according to a new study，we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.

Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours，they would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year.

The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income ￡30，000 more than the Prime Minister earns.

By analysing the numbers，it found the average mother works 119 hours a week，40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1，000 mothers with children under 18，it found that，on most days，mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm.

To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour，it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on，including housekeeper，part­time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part­time lawyer，at ￡48. 98 an hour，would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”，with psychologist (心理学家) a close second.

It also asked mothers about the challenges they face，with 80 percent making emotional (情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.

Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.

The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother's Day. The emotional，physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never­ending，but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing (投入) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.

5. How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?

A. ￡30，000. 　　　　　　　　B. ￡142，000.

C. ￡172，000.                D. ￡202，000.

6. The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________.

A. emotional demand          B. low pay for work

C. heavy workload            D. lack of training

7. What is stressed in the last paragraph?

A. Mothers' importance shows in family all year long.

B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.

C. Mothers' devotion to children can hardly be calculated.

D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.

8. What can we conclude from the study?

A. Mothers' working hours should be largely reduced.

B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.

C. Mothers' labour is of a higher value than it is realised.

D. Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.

语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为家庭生活类。文章通过数据分析，把母亲在家里所做的工作用工资来衡量，说明母亲对家庭的贡献之大。

5. 解析：事实细节题。由第三段最后一句“This would make their yearly in come￡30，000 more than the Prime Minster earns”. 和第二段最后一句中的“They would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year”可知答案。

答案：B

6. 解析：事实细节题。由文章倒数第三段中的“with 80 percent making emotional demand as the hardest thing about motherhood”，可知选A。

答案：A

7. 解析：事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句和最后一段的第一句话内容上的呼应可知A项为最后一段强调的内容。

答案：A

8. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知C项正确。

答案：C

第二节　七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

We all have our favourite teachers — those who treat us equally. But what about those teachers we don't know as well( for even don' t like much )?

You can do lots of things to get a good relation with your teachers. First，do the following：__1__Complete all homework on time. Be attentive，be respectful，and ask questions. __2__Obviously，your teachers are really interested in their subjects or they wouldn't have decided to teach them! Showing the teacher that you care，even if you're not good at math or fluent－in French— send the message that you are a dedicated student.

You can also schedule a private meeting during a teacher's free period. __3__You can ask questions，inquire about a career in the subject，or talk about your progress in class. You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is a bit more relaxed one than when lecturing in front of the whole class.

However，here are some things to avoid when trying to establish a relationship with your teacher：

1)__4__Teachers sense when your only motivation is to get special treatment，a college reference，or a job suggestion.

2)Trying to be teachers' pet. You just attract the teachers' attention on purpose and your classmates may start to hate you.

3)__5__It's OK to offer a small sign of thanks to teachers if they've been helpful to you. But a teacher is usually not allowed to accept the wrong message，and a teacher is usually not allowed to accept anything expensive.

A. Giving expensive gifts.

B. Show up for class on time.

C. Not being sincere.

D. Find the practical value in classes.

E. Use this time to get extra help.

F. Show an interest in the subject.

G. Get along better with your teachers.

答案：1～5　BFECA

第三节　完形填空

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact，we can see this  ____1____  at work in people of all  ____2____. For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about ____3____ with their new toys. But their  ____4____  soon wears off and by January those ____5____ toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of ____6____ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someone's  ____7____  interest. When parents bring home a pet，their child  ____8____  bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however，the  ____9____  of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great ____10____ but are soon looking forward to  ____11____. The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then，how many  ____12____，who now complain(抱怨) about the long drives to work,  ____13____ drove for hours at a time when they first  ____14____ their driver's licenses(执照). Before people retire，they usually  ____15____ to do a lot of ____16____ things，which they never had  ____17____ to do while working. But ____18____ after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they  ____19____. And，like the child in January, they go searching for new ____20____.

1. A. principle 　　　　　　B. habit   

C. way                   D. power

2. A. parties               B. races  

C. countries              D. ages

3. A. working             B. living

C. playing               D. going

4. A. confidence          B. interest  

C. anxiety               D. sorrow

5. A. same                B. extra

C. funny                 D. expensive

6. A. well­organized       B. colorfully­printed

C. newly­collected         D. half­filled

7. A. broad               B. passing  

C. different               D. main

8. A. silently              B. impatiently

C. gladly                 D. worriedly

9. A. promise              B. burden  

C. right                  D. game

10. A. courage             B. calmness  

C. confusion              D. excitement

11. A. graduation          B. independence

C. responsibility           D. success

12. A. children             B. students  

C. adults                 D. retirees

13. A. carefully            B. eagerly  

C. nervously             D. bravely

14. A. required           B. obtained

C. noticed              D. discovered

15. A. need              B. learn  

C. start                 D. plan

16. A. great               B. strange

C. difficult               D. correct

17. A. time                B. money  

C. skills                  D. knowledge

18. A. only                B. well

C. even                  D. soon

19. A. lost                B. chose  

C. left                   D. quit

20. A. pets                B. toys

C. friends                D. colleagues

语篇解读：本文体裁为议论文，题材为社会生活类。文章主要讲述了各种活动一旦成为我们日常生活的一部分，无论哪个年龄阶段的人都会感到无聊。

1. 解析：由上文的“As a general rule”可知，A：原理，原则；B：习惯；C：方式，方法；D：能力，权力。

答案：A

2. 解析：根据下文列举的例子可推断出，这一法则适用于各个年龄阶段的人。

答案：D

3. 解析：根据常识可知选C。play with“随便玩耍”。

答案：C

4. 解析：原词复现。下文有interest。

答案：B

5. 解析：此处选A以强调“同样的玩具”，表达“兴趣会发生变化”的文章主旨。

答案：A

6. 解析：根据句中“unfinished models”以及表并列关系的and可推断世界上充满了没有完成的(half­filled)集邮册。

答案：D

7. 解析：既然这些集邮册和模型没有完成，当然只是人们曾经的兴趣的经念碑。passing interest“曾经的兴趣”，也就是曾经那么感兴趣，而现在没有兴趣了。

答案：B

8. 解析：由表示转折的however和“handed over to the parents”可知，首次见到宠物的心情是高兴的。

答案：C

9. 解析：然而，不久照料动物的责任就交给父母了。A：诺言；C：权利；D：游戏，比赛，均不符合句意。

答案：B

10. 解析：逻辑推理。由but可知，but前后句意是相反的。句意：青少年刚进入中学的时候很兴奋，但很快就盼着毕业了。

答案：D

11. 解析：见第10题解析。A：毕业；B：独立，自立；C：责任，职责；D：成功。

答案：A

12. 解析：根据下文驾驶汽车可判断空格处指的是具有驾驶资格的成年人。

答案：C

13. 解析：根据上文很多成年人现在抱怨开很长时间的车上班的事实，可推断他们刚拿到驾照时渴望连续几个小时驾车，eagerly“渴望地”。

答案：B

14. 解析：obtain a driver's license“获得驾照”。

答案：B

15. 解析：在退休前，人们计划做很多伟大的但在工作时没时间做的事情。plan to do sth. 意为“计划做某事”。

答案：D

16. 解析：句意：在退休之前，他们雄心勃勃地计划要去做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作的时候没有时间去做的。

答案：A

17. 解析：根据常识可推出，计划退休后做的事，这些事当然是工作时没有时间做的。

答案：A

18. 解析：根据上文的“soon”“within a short time”等可知选D。

答案：D

19. 解析：这些想做的事就像他们离开的工作一样变得索然无味了。they left是定语从句，修饰限定the jobs。

答案：C

20. 解析：句意：这些退休的老人和1月里的孩子一样失去了以前的兴趣，去寻找新的玩具了。这里选toy比喻兴趣。其他选项不符合语境。

答案：B

第四节　书面表达

假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：

1. 出发及返回时间；

2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 结语已为你写好。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua

答案：

Dear Lucy，

I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. We'll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We'll also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we'll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.

Looking_forward_to_your_reply.

Yours，

Li_Hua