2021学年Unit 3 Computers课前预习课件ppt

这是一份2021学年Unit 3 Computers课前预习课件ppt，共21页。

一、阅读下列句子,选出含有被动结构的句子1.The dangers f the prblem have been drilled int us by public-health campaigns since sad truth is that mst f us have been brught up t eat certain fds and we stick t them all ur lives.3.I have never been able t lk at a snail since has gne hme,because he prmised that he wuld visit his has been always talking with his has been beaten by his have been tld nt t stare at a has gne t hmewrk has been dne huse has been built by the yung wrkers.
含有被动的句子:　　　　　　　　　　　 答案:1,2,6,7,9,10
二、请用现在完成时翻译下列句子1.我的朋友买了一辆新车。2.一种不知名的病毒进攻了我的电脑。3.我们还没有解决那些问题。4.你完成工作了吗?5.我没有见过你的书。
答案:My friend has bught a new car.　
答案:An unknwn virus has attacked my cmputer.　
答案:We haven’t slved thse prblems.　
答案:Have yu finished the wrk?　
答案:I haven’t seen yur bk.
现在完成时的被动语态语法图解
1.现在完成时的被动语态主要有以下几个方面的意义:(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响,而且这个动作是被动的。单句语法填空①(2018·全国Ⅲ)Their effrts 　　　　　　　　(prve)fruitful. 答案:have been prven
(2)表示在过去发生的,一直延续到现在的并可能持续下去的被动动作或状态。常与fr或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“Hw ”句型中。单句语法填空②Since 1958,they 　　　　　　　　　　(recgnize) as the natinal theatre f Israel. 答案:have been recgnized(3)用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。③Yu can g hme as sn as yur hmewrk has been finished.作业一做完你就可以回家。
2.使用现在完成时的被动语态应注意的问题:(1)在现在完成时的被动语态中,have/has和been缺一不可。阅读下列句子,指出哪些句子是现在完成时的被动语态。④The cmputer was bught last Sunday.⑤I feel that I’ve been given a secnd life t devte t smething that is meaningful and enrmus.⑥They have decided t finish the wrk as sn as pssible.⑦(2018·江苏)If yu are a student studying the arts,chances are yu have been ill-advised t have a plan B.现在完成时的被动语态的句子　　　　　 答案:⑤⑦
(2)注意现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的结果或影响。翻译句子⑧The machine has been repaired.(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,即:修好了。)翻译 答案:这台机器已经修好了。⑨The machine was repaired yesterday.(只说明动作发生在昨天。)翻译 答案:这台机器昨天被修理了。
(4)有些动词如finish,buy,start,begin等,表示的动作很短暂,我们称之为短暂性动词或非延续性动词。它们构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与fr,since构成的短语或引导的句子连用,也不能用于“Hw ”句型中。翻译句子11那项工作已经开始。答案:That jb/wrk has been started.
(3)不可与具体的时间状语连用(如yesterday,three days ag,in 1970,in 2050等),但可与不确定的时间状语连用(如already,yet,just,ften,recently,in the past few years等)。单句语法填空⑩In the past few years,many tall buildings 　　　　　(build) in this area. 答案:have been built
(5)带有双宾语的动词,如:give,send,bring,take,teach,shw,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,ask,pay,brrw,lend,ffer,hand,pass,get,prmise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语。变式训练12主动语态　I have given him the bk.(改为被动语态)被动语态1 答案:He has been given the bk (by me).被动语态2 答案:The bk has been given t him (by me).
(6)带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为现在完成时的被动语态时,应将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语保留。主动语态中省略t的不定式作宾语补足语的,被动语态中要还原t。13主动语态　I have asked him t help yu.(改为被动语态)被动语态 答案:He has been asked t help yu (by me).14主动语态　I have made him wrk hard.(改为被动语态)被动语态 答案:He has been made t wrk hard (by me).
(7)短语动词变为现在完成时的被动语态时,要注意保持短语动词的完整性,动词后面原有的介词或副词不可遗漏。此类短语动词有:a.动词+介词lk after,call n,rely n,lk fr,lk at,listen t,dream f,meet with,laugh at,result in,wait fr,d with,deal with,perate n,refer t,think f等b.动词+名词+介词pay attentin t,make use f,take part in,keep an eye n,make fun f,catch sight f,set fire t,take hld f,take nte f,take care f等c.动词+副词turn n,turn ff,turn ut,carry n,carry ut,think ver,make up,set up,put dwn,hand in,pint ut,call up等
变式训练15主动语态　He has referred t the bk.(改为被动语态)被动语态 答案:The bk has been referred t (by him).16主动语态　He has thught f a way f ding it.(改为被动语态)被动语态 答案:A way f ding it has been thught f (by him).
(8)现在完成时的主动语态变为被动语态应注意的几个问题:a.有些动词和动词短语没有被动形式,也不可用其过去分词作后置定语,如:break ut,belng t,arrive,die,becme,disappear,take place,happen等。单句改错17A war between the tw cuntries has been brken ut.答案:去掉been18As yu knw,great changes have been taken place in ur city.答案:去掉been
单句语法填空19A present has been bught 　　　　　　my best friend. 答案:fr20The gift has been given 　　　　　　my best friend. 答案:t
b.动词get,buy,sing,ck,fetch,make,spare,find等词的现在完成时的主动语态的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,间接宾语前常加介词fr;其他动词的间接宾语前常加介词t。
c.如果被动结构中强调行为的工具或使用的材料,用介词with;若指明动作的执行者,则用介词by。单句填空21The tree has been cut 　　　　　　an axe. 答案:with22The flr has been swept 　　　　　　smene. 答案:by
一、单句语法填空1.Frm the age f seven,the little girl 　　　　　　(praise) fr her talent fr singing and dancing. 答案:has been praised2.The party 　　　　　　　　　　(plan) since the new year. 答案:has been planned3.I like these English sngs and they 　　　　　　　　　(teach) many times n the radi. 答案:have been taught4.Great changes 　　　　　　　　 (take) place since the 1990s. 答案:have taken5.The system 　　　　　　　　　　　　(design) t give students quick and easy access t the digital resurces f the library. 答案:has been designed