人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction导学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction导学案，共6页。

[技法指导]
1．文体介绍
科幻短故事类作文多是作者根据已有的生活经验和知识，发挥想象力，构思出从未经历过的故事情节或描绘从未见过的生活图景，进而创作出富有想象力的科幻故事。文章中多使用修辞手法来展开故事情节，描写人物心情。此类作文要求学生不但有较强的语言能力，而且要有广阔的思维空间。
2．写作指导
(1)文章的要素
故事类文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件，事件又包括它的起因、经过和结果。从英语角度来说，我们通常用五个“W”(what，wh，when，where，why)和一个“H”(hw)来表示。
(2)文章的结构
故事类文章和记叙文一样，通常由三部分组成：第一部分为开头，要把时间、地点、人物等因素交代清楚；第二部分为主体，主要描述事件的发生、发展、高潮；第三部分为结尾，阐述事件的结局、人物命运或作者对此事的感受或看法等。文章的写作应当目的明确、条理清楚、层次分明、详略得当、语言简练、形象生动并具有一定的感情色彩。
(3)人称
一个故事可用第一人称来叙述，也可用第三人称。用第一人称会令文章生动、形象，给读者以身临其境的感觉。
(4)叙述的顺序
故事性文章应以叙事为主，即以事件发生、发展的过程来写，使整个文章串联起来。叙事的顺序一般有以下两种：顺叙和倒叙。顺叙多是按照事件发生、发展的先后顺序进行叙述，一般以时间推移为线索，在文章的开头就交代出事件发生的时间、地点和人物。而倒叙多以事件的结局作为文章的开端，然后再按事件发生、发展的先后顺序进行叙述。写作过程中还要注意选择正确的时态，语言简练明晰且紧密围绕主题。
3．常用表达
在编写故事时可以使用修辞手法，使语言更加生动形象。
(1)simile(明喻)
My lve is like a red, red rse.—Rbert Burns
我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰。——罗伯特·彭斯
(2)metaphr(暗喻)
①Hpe is a gd breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
希望是顿美好的早餐，但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。
②Sme bks are t be tasted, thers t be swallwed, and sme few t be chewed and digested. 一些书需要“浅尝辄止”地阅读，另一些需要“狼吞虎咽”般地阅读；很少一部分需要“细嚼慢咽”地阅读。
(3)verstatement(夸张)
①I beg a thusand pardns.我千百次地祈求宽恕。
②Yu are the whle wrld t me, and the mn and the stars.你对我而言如同全世界，如同明月，如同繁星。
③When she heard the bad news，a river f tears pured ut.
当她听到这个噩耗时，眼泪像决了堤的河水般奔涌而出。
(4) persnificatin(拟人)
①The night gently lays her hand at ur fevered heads.夜晚温柔地平复着我们狂热的头脑。
②I was very happy and culd hear the birds singing in the wds.我很开心，还听到鸟儿在树林中唱歌。
(5)pun(双关)
①An ambassadr is an hnest man wh lies abrad fr the gd f his cuntry.大使就是一个诚实的人，却为了自己国家的利益在国外撒谎。
②If we dn't hang tgether, we shall hang separately.
如果我们不团结，就只能分别上吊去了。
[精品展示]
你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“我的时光机器”的英语故事分享活动。请根据以下要点，发挥自己的想象力，用英语写一篇小故事。
要点如下：
1．时光机器的样子与功能；
2．你乘坐时光机去了哪里，发生了什么，感受如何？
注意：
1．词数150左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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[审题谋篇]
第一步：明确要求
该写作属于科幻故事写作，主要描写有关“我的时光机器”的故事，以一般过去时为主
第二步：确定段落
第一段：介绍我的时光机器的外部形状以及作用
第二段：介绍时光机器和我的故事(内容多可分为两段)
第三段：对未来的展望
第三步：提炼要点
1．________________ 看起来像
2．________________ 通往
3．________________ 发出
4．________________ 经过，经历
5．________________ 以快节奏
6．________________ 随着高科技的发展
第四步：句式升级
1．当我睁开眼睛时，我来到了一个全新的漂浮城市里，它坐落在一个人造岛上，几乎完全被植被覆盖着。
(一般表达)When I pened my eyes, I arrived in a brand­new flating city. It was lcated n a man­made island and was almst entirely cvered in the vegetatin.
(高级表达)________________________________________________________________________
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2．在这个城市里，机器人随处可见，人们以一种快节奏忙碌地工作着。
(一般表达)In this city, rbts were easy t see everywhere and peple were wrking busily at a rapid pace.
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[连句成篇]
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Sectin Ⅳ Writing——写科幻短故事
[审题谋篇]
第三步
1．lk like 2.lead t 3.give ut 4.g thrugh 5.at a rapid pace 6.with high technlgy develping
第四步
1．When I pened my eyes, I arrived in a brand­new flating city, lcated n a man­made island, which was almst entirely cvered in the vegetatin.
2．In this city where rbts were easy t see everywhere, peple were wrking busily at a rapid pace.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
My time machine lks like a crystal ball with tw buttns. One can lead t the prehistric perid and the ther ne can lead t the future.
One day, after I pressed the buttn t the future, the time machine gave ut clurful rays, and carried me int the time tunnel. Overwhelmed with excitement and nervusness, I clsed my eyes tightly and held my hands firmly. I wndered what the future city wuld lk like?
When I pened my eyes, I arrived in a brand­new flating city, lcated n a man­made island, which was almst entirely cvered in the vegetatin. In the city, many strange carriage—like small planes were flating abve the grund. When I drve ne t visit the city, I felt I went thrugh a beautiful garden. There was a huge twer in the city centre acting bth as wrk place and husing fr its citizens. The city used slar, wind and wave pwer t keep it functining and used its large gardens t supply fd. In this city where rbts were easy t see everywhere, peple were wrking busily at a rapid pace and AI, f curse, became helpful assistants. After hanging arund the city fr several hurs, the time machine transprted me back t reality.
It sunds a little fancy but in my pinin, with high technlgy develping, ur sciety will becme mre and mre intelligent.