高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精练

课时作业 17

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let's have a look.

People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies.  We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants (蚂蚁) in their pants. Sometimes, people may get caught with their pants down. They are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say she wears the pants in the family.

Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be  spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket. Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.

I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too  much. I really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I instantly spend it.

Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people. My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves (衣袖) that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了有关衣物类的英语谚语及其用法和含义。

1．Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous?

A．Get caught with one's pants down.

B．Have ants in one's pants.

C．Wear the pants in the family.

D．Burn a hole in one's pocket.

答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants (蚂蚁) in their pants.”可知，当一个人很紧张时，我们可以用“Have ants in one's pants.”来表述。故选B项。

2．If we say someone has to tighten his belt, we probably mean he ________.

A．has done something wrong   

B．used to live a rich life

C．has put on the wrong pants  

D．is short of money

答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句“If you have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.”可知，“... someone has to tighten his belt...”主要用来描述一个人钱不够花、很拮据的情景。故选D项。

3．Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat most probably ________.

A．doesn't save money           

B．earns much money

C．never wastes his money      

D．spends more than he earns

答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I instantly spend it.”可知，“Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat...”意味着一个人花钱大手大脚，不节省。故选A项。

4．We can use the expression “wear one's heart on one's sleeve” to describe someone who ________.

A．gets angry easily             

B．looks very serious

C．shows his feelings openly     

D．often wears a suit and tie

答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.”可知，“wear one's heart on one's sleeve”用来指一个人敞开胸怀表达自己的情感。故选C项。

B

Schoolgirl Lorna O'Brien was in her kitchen when she looked out of the window and was terrified (惊恐的) at what she saw. “Help！” she shouted. “There's smoke and fire coming out of the kitchen window opposite.”

Her father, John, ran across to the house while her 15­year­old brother Paul called the fire service. Lorna, 16, rushed across and caught up with her dad, who had just kicked open the front door. They looked upstairs where they saw smoke coming out of the top flat. Lorna followed her father into the flat, where they found a pan (平底锅) on fire in the kitchen and the young mother, Mane Linn, who had been asleep, passed out (失去意识) in the smoke­blackened sitting room. Lorna's dad threw a wet cloth over the pan and then turned off the stove (炉子) before starting to help Mane through the smoke down the stairs to safety.

Suddenly Mane started crying, “My baby, my baby！”“Where's the baby？”asked Lorna. “In the bedroom，” Mane shouted back. While John pulled the crying mother from the house, Lorna, without a thought for her own safety, turned back to search for the baby. She found the little girl, 14­month­old Ann, lying with her eyes closed.

Lorna quickly took the baby, rushed downstairs through the fire and smoke. “It didn't cross my mind at the time that I was near to dying when I rushed through the smoke，” said Lorna. “I was just thinking of the baby. Even after I came out of the house, I wasn't frightened.”

When help arrived, baby Ann and her mum were taken to hospital for treatment. It was only when Lorna got back into the safety of her own house that she realised the danger she had faced. “I started shaking all over and thought of what could have happened to me，” she said.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。女孩儿偶然间发现邻居家里着火，她不顾自身安危，与父亲一起将邻居母女救出失火房屋。

5．What did Lorna's dad choose to do first when he entered the flat?

A．Put out the fire.  B．Turn off the stove.

C．Open the windows.  D．Help Mane downstairs.

答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“They looked upstairs... down the stairs to safety”可知，Lorna的父亲进入失火公寓之后，首先扑灭了火源。

6．What was the cause of the fire?

A．Mane fell asleep while cooking.

B．Ann was careless when playing with fire.

C．Mane suddenly passed out while cooking.

D．There was something wrong with the stove.

答案与解析：A　推理判断题。由第二段中的“they found a pan... smoke­blackened sitting room”可知，厨房的平底锅着火，而Mane在客厅睡着，并因浓烟失去意识。因此可推断，Mane在做饭时睡着导致平底锅着火。

7．Which of the following can best describe Lorna when she saved the baby?

A．Careful.  B．Patient.

C．Brave.   D．Clever.

答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Lorna, without a thought for her own safety, turned back to search for the baby”和第四段中的“It didn't cross my mind at the time that I was near to dying when I rushed through the smoke”可知，Lorna救孩子时非常勇敢，一刻也没有想到自己的安危。

8．How did Lorna feel after returning to her house?

A．Worried.  B．Frightened.

C．Proud.    D．Relaxed.

答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“It was only when... she had faced”以及Lorna所说的话可知，Lorna安全回到自己家之后才意识到救人时她面临了很大的危险，并对可能出现的严重后果感到害怕，全身颤抖。

Ⅱ.七选五

Simple ways to improve your written English

Many people think it is really difficult to improve (提高) their writing in English. Don't worry, though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.

•Increase your vocabulary.

To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly. __1__

Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word.

•__2__

People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly.

Tip: __3__ Learning shouldn't be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.

•Improve your grammar.

Grammar is very important because it improves the quality (质量) of your writing.

Tip: __4__ The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment.

•Just do it!

The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text.__5__

A．Know your readers.

B．Read widely and often.

C．Always check your writing twice.

D．Remember, practice makes perfect!

E．Choose books or articles that interest you.

F．Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas.

G．Do this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种提高英文写作的简单方法。

1．答案与解析：G　G项中的“learning new words with example sentences”与该空前的“it means actually being able to use them correctly”相呼应。本段是说增加词汇量并不仅仅是知道单词的意思，而是要懂其用法。

2．答案与解析：B　由下文解释的“get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly”可知，本段讲阅读对写作的帮助。故选B项。

3．答案与解析：E　由上文的“learn to write best by reading”和该空后的“Learning shouldn't be boring”可知，阅读有助于写作，但要选择那些让你感兴趣的书籍或文章。故选E项。

4．答案与解析：C　C项中的“check your writing twice”与该空后的“The first time... general mistakes”和“the second time... mistakes with the grammar point”相呼应。

5．答案与解析：D　由本段小标题“Just do it！”和下文中的“get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text”可知，想要提高写作就要多动笔写，俗话说得好，熟能生巧。