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河北省邢台市“五岳联盟”2022届高三上学期10月联考英语试题 含解析
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这是一份河北省邢台市“五岳联盟”2022届高三上学期10月联考英语试题 含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三上学期10月联考
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to remember to do?
A. Phone her. B. Write to her. C. Go to see her.
2. Where might the speakers be?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. At a stadium.
3. What can we infer from the man's words?
A. He will have his car repaired.
B. He can't lend the woman his car.
C. He will borrow the woman s car.
4. What at are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The market. B. The schedule. C. The job interview.
5. Why does the woman want to be a chess player?
A. She obeys her father's plan.
B. She follows the man's advice.
C. Her coach thinks she might be a champion.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between Gary and the woman?
A. Colleagues. B. Boss and staff. C. Husband and wife.
7. Who lives in San Francisco?
A. Tom. B. Jennifer. C. Gary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long does the man work a day?
A. Nine hours. B. Eight hours. C. Seven hours.
9. What is the man's attitude towards his job?
A. He is tired o of it. B. He is fond of it. C. He is curious about it.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man feel when knowing the company has the study area?
A Surprised. B. Embarrassed. C. Proud.
11. What is the woman studying?
A. Clothes making. B. History. C. Design.
12. Who pays for the woman's study?
A. Alice. B. David. C. The company.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man look for a flat?
A. To live near the university.
B. To get out of his parents control.
C. To live with someone learning biology.
14. Which of the following is Jack's major?
A. Pop music. B. Biology. C. French.
15. What does the man play in the band?
A. The piano. B. The guitar. C. The violin.
16. What does the woman mean at the end of the conversation?
A. She advises the man to clean the flat.
B. She invites Peter to live with her.
C. She refuses the man's request.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why was the speaker's father proud of him?
A. He was the first university student in his family.
B. He earned great amounts of money.
C. He found a well-paid job.
18. How many shops did the speaker have before selling his business?
A. 120. B. 250. C. 268.
19. What did the speaker do in 2002?
A. He first paid a visit to Africa.
B. He spent much money on race cars.
C. He lent lots of money to farmers.
20. What was the speaker's first project in Malawi?
A. A school. B. A shoe shop. C. A hospital.
第二部分 阅读（共两节满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
Skipping stones to Donate Books for Low-income Schools and Libraries
Are you working with students from low-income families or communities of color? Are you in a school or library that needs more books? We have many books that we wish to donate to schools and public libraries serving low-income students or communities of color. We have nature books as well as books on cultural awareness and diversity. In terms of ages or readership levels, we have novels for teenagers, chapter books, picture books, and a few reference books.
Skipping Stones invites you to write to us about students you serve, as well as your needs and wants in terms of books. We want to donate these books to your public school or library but we request that you cover the shipping costs. We think $50 or $100 will adequately cover the shipping of about 50 to 100 books, respectively. $200 will bring you four big boxes of about 200 to 250 books. This is just an estimate. We are happy to work with you.
Please note that we are NOT able to fulfill donation requests from overseas schools or libraries because of the high cost of airmail postage. Within the USA, we can use the cheaper MEDIA MAIL or LIBRARY RATE. Send your requests to info@skippingstones. org or by snail mail to:
EDITOR, Skipping Stones Magazine, P.O. Box 3939 Eugene, Oregon 97403-0939
1. Where will the books be donated to?
A. Low-income students interested in reading books.
B. Low-income families with middle school students.
C. Schools or public libraries serving low-income students.
D. Overseas low-income schools with communities of color.
2. What does Skipping Stones require schools to do?
A. Ship the books. B. Post the books.
C. Cover all the costs. D. Cover the shipping cost.
3. How can schools send their requests?
A. By telephone. B. By fax.
C. In person. D. By e-mail.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告，主要讲的是Skipping Stones Magazine正在征集需要书的学校和公共图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“We have many books that we wish to donate to schools and public libraries serving low-income students or communities of color”（我们有很多书希望捐赠给学校和公共图书馆，为低收入学生或有色人种社区服务）可知，这些书籍将被捐赠给为低收入学生服务的学校或公共图书馆，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“We want to donate these books to your public school or library but we request that you cover the shipping costs”（我们想把这些书捐赠给你的公立学校或图书馆，但我们要求你支付运费）可知，Skipping Stones要求学校承担运费，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段的“Send your requests to info@skippingstones. org”（将您的请求发送到info@skippingstones.org）可知，info@skippingstones. org是电子邮箱，因此学校可以通过电子邮件发送他们的要求，故选D。
B
In Vietnamese, Ngan's name means “star,” but she wasn't able to smile brightly because she was born with a cleft (兔唇) condition.
Ngan's family lives in a small, isolated village in southern Vietnam. Without help, her family would never have been able to afford the reconstructive surgery that would change Ngan's lite and give her a brighter future. But when Ngan's parents heard that Operation Smile was conducting a surgical mission in Danang, they did everything in their power to take Ngan there for medical mission. Ngan and her family travelled more than 200 miles for the chance to give her a new smile. Ngan received life-changing surgery on her cleft lip and palate and now, 10 years later, she is a happy, healthy, lively girl-with a smile that shows it.
Before she had surgery, Ngan's facial condition prevented her social engagement and even her involvement in school. Now, with the confidence she gained from her new smile, Ngan can reach her full potential.
Ngan's parents say they had given up everything but hope before Operation Smile gave their daughter the chance to see her dreams become a reality. “Many families in our province will abandon their child if a baby is born with a cleft,” Ngan's father said.
He never wants this to happen, knowing how incredible the transformation is with a free surgery through Operation Smile. Ngan's parents now actively refer to other families of children born with cleft conditions to Operation Smile. They are determined to ensure that every child has the opportunity for a brighter future, regardless of their appearances.
Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide. If you would like additional information please visit www. operationsmile. org. uk/Star, call 020 3475 5126 or write to Operation Smile UK, Genos House, Juniper Drive, London SW18 1FY.
4. What do we know about Ngan?
A. She got seriously ill after she was born.
B She was born physically-challenged.
C. She was abandoned by her parents.
D. She was always smiling brightly.
5. What is Operation Smile?
A. An organization aiming to help hopeless villagers.
B. An organization aiming to help children with cleft.
C. An organization aiming to make children educated.
D An organization aiming to do surgeries for the poor.
6. Which of the following words can be used to describe Ngan's parents?
A. Responsible. B. Conventional.
C. Experienced. D. Passive.
7. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain what is cleft. B. To promote Operation Smile.
C. To introduce a girl with cleft. D. To call for donations for girls with cleft.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了越南一名叫Ngan的小女孩，因出生唇裂而不能微笑，在Operation Smile（微笑行动）组织的帮助下，成功修复并融入社会生活的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段“In Vietnamese, Ngan's name means ‘star’, but she wasn't able to smile brightly because she was born with a cleft condition.”（在越南语中，Ngan的名字意思是“明星”，但她却无法有灿烂的笑容，因为她生来就有唇裂）可知，她有着唇裂的先天性身体疾病，这个疾病会导致她无法笑，也就是说，她生来就有着生理缺陷（She was born physically-challenged.），B选项符合原文，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据全文对这一组织的介绍，尤其是最后一段“Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide.”（“微笑行动”已经为全世界的唇腭裂患者提供了数十万次安全的手术）可知，这一组织旨在帮助有唇裂这一先天疾病的孩子（An organization aiming to help children with cleft.），B符合原文，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求选用合适的词描述Ngan的父母，根据原文第二段的描述“they did everything in their power to take Ngan there for medical mission.”（他们尽一切可能把Ngan带到那里做医学治疗）以及第四段的对比“Many families in our province will abandon their child if a baby is born with a cleft,”（在我们这个省，如果孩子一出生就有唇裂，很多家庭都会抛弃他们的孩子）可知，Ngan的父母想尽一切办法给女儿治疗，而不像该地区的其他父母，由这组对比可见Ngan的父母是极为负责的（Responsible）的人，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求推断文章的写作目的、意图，全文前几段讲述了小女孩Ngan在Operation Smile组织的帮助下重获笑容的故事，而倒数第二段则提及Ngan的父母积极向其他遭遇此类不幸的孩子父母推介这一组织，在文章最后一段，则直接对Operation Smile组织做了一句正式介绍，“Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide. If you would like additional information please visit…call…or write to…”（“微笑行动”已经为全世界的唇腭裂患者提供了数十万次安全的手术，如果您想要获得更多信息，请访问……拨打……或写信到……），分别具体给出了网站、联系电话与写信邮箱，文章就此结束，上文也多次提及多亏了这个组织，改变了孩子的人生。显而易见，文章是为了推介这一组织（To promote Operation Smile.），B正确，故选B。
C
Oceans hold a lot of mystery, even for people who study them. But it's no mystery why they're in trouble. We've been using them to hide our waste -such as pouring oil, plastic, and poisonous chemicals into them for decades. We've over exploited (剥削) many fish stocks to levels so low that they can no longer be harvested.
Oceans are also a primary source of protein for millions of people worldwide. If we want to continue to enjoy what oceans provide, we need to do everything we can to protect them and the life they support. We should ensure the seafood we eat is sustainable.
Of course, not everyone is lucky enough to be able to catch their own fish, which means having sustainable options at the store is critical. As public and companies awareness about the risks caused by overfishing and uncontrolled sea farming expansion have grown, food tradesmen in Canada have developed sustainable seafood policies and commitments.
Seafood Progress, an online resource, is designed to help provide rewards to tradesmen and information to seafood lovers. It makes it easier for consumers in Canada to find out tradesmen's policies on sourcing sustainable seafood, whether they're sticking to those policies and how they're performing compared to their peers.
But tradesmen must do more to ensure their seafood products are environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. This means expanding the scope of their commitments to cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores. It also requires continuing to work with suppliers and producers to improve practices and make sure the sustainable seafood supply meets consumer demand.
It's no mystery that if we want to continue to eat fish, we must do it responsibly. Seafood Progress has invited seafood tradesmen, suppliers and consumers to join in pushing to this goal.
8. What's the cause of oceans' being in trouble according to paragraph 1?
A. The ever-changing of the global climate.
B. The mystery that people haven't studied.
C. The over exploitation and use of the oceans.
D. The continuous decrease of fish stocks.
9. What can Seafood Progress do for consumers?
A. Provide rewards to them.
B. Urge them to stick to policies.
C. Provide them with enough seafood.
D. Let them know about tradesmen's policies.
10. What does the underlined word “scope” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Range B. Chance
C. Risk. D. Rate.
11. How can seafood be sustainable?
A. Through expanding seafood production.
B. By protecting all the tradesmen's profit.
C. By joint efforts of people involved in seafood.
D. By making policies to control seafood consumers.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在人类对海洋生物过度捕捞的大背景下，有关各方（包括捕捞者、供应商和消费者）尝试共同努力，促进海产品可持续供应的措施。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第一段最后一句“We've over exploited many fish stocks to levels so low that they can no longer be harvested.”（我们对许多鱼类资源的过度开采已经达到了无法再持续捕捞的水平）可知，对海洋资源的过度开采利用是导致海洋陷入严重问题的原因之一，C符合原文，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Seafood Progress…It makes it easier for consumers in Canada to find out tradesmen's policies on sourcing sustainable seafood”（这一项目资源让加拿大的消费者更容易了解到在采购可持续海鲜方面的商业贸易政策）可知，这一项目资源能够为消费者做的，就是让他们知道相应的商业政策（Let them know about tradesmen's policies.），D符合原文，故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。定位到scope所在的段落，即第五段，结合其所在的语境“But tradesmen must do more to ensure their seafood products are environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. This means expanding the scope of their commitments to cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores.”（但商人们必须采取更多措施，确保他们的海鲜产品是具有环境可持续性的和履行社会责任的。这意味着扩大他们的承诺范围，涵盖他们在所有商店销售的所有海鲜产品），结合语境，并抓住关键词do more（做得更多），以及cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores（涵盖他们在所有商店销售的所有海鲜产品）中出现两次的all，可推断这里expand（扩大）的是一个范围（scope），A. Range范围；B. Chance机会，机遇；C. Risk风险；D. Rate比率，价格，等级。由以上分析可知，仅有range符合语境，故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文最后一段内容“It's no mystery that if we want to continue to eat fish, we must do it responsibly. Seafood Progress has invited seafood tradesmen, suppliers and consumers to join in pushing to this goal.”（如果我们想继续吃鱼，就必须负责任地去付诸行动，这一点毫无疑问。Seafood Progress已经诚邀海产商、供应商和消费者共同推动这一目标的实现）可知，如何我们要源源不断地吃到海产品，则需要所有相关人员的共同努力（By joint efforts of people involved in seafood.），故选C。
D
Plenty of harvests of corn and other major crops rely on a mysterious phenomenon known as hybrid vigor (杂交活力). When highly naturally-born varieties are crossed, their next generations are taller, hardier, and bear more grain, Researchers report that this vigor is somehow influenced by microbes (微生物) in the soil, perhaps through a plant's immune system .
Charles Darwin was one of the first researchers to describe hybrid vigor. In the early 20th century, biologists began to apply this effect to agriculture by creating naturally-born parent plants that produced hybrid seeds. By the 1940s, almost every farmer in the United States was planting hybrid corn, and the harvests multiplied.
Biologists have proposed several theories about the cause of hybrid vigor, but no definitive explanation has emerged.
Maggie Wagner, plant biologist at the University of Kansas, and her colleagues wondered whether microbes might be it involved. Last year, Wagner and her colleagues found an interesting clue in a field study. They discovered that the leaves and roots of hybrid corn had microbial communities that are different from those living on naturally-born varieties of corn. “Something about being a hybrid makes a plant interact differently with microbes,” Wagner says. It could be that the naturally-born corn's immune systems react more actively to beneficial microbes, compromising their growth. Alternatively, hybrid plants may be better able to defend against weak pathogens (病原体) in the soil.
Wagner says the finding highlights the need for plant growers to match the hybrid crops to the microbial communities with which they live. The findings help scientists realize the importance of understanding the role of soil microbes in making agriculture more productive and sustainable, “This holds great promise.”
12. How did people use the effect of hybrid vigor in agriculture?
A. By producing naturally-born parent plants that bore hybrid seeds.
B. By creating naturally-born parent lines that produced hybrid vigor.
C By providing more microbes communities that could produce more seeds.
D. By looking for hybrid parent plants in the field that produced hybrid seeds.
13. What can we know from paragraph 4?
A. Hybrid plants react worse to weak pathogens in the soil.
B. Wagner connected hybrid vigor with microbial communities.
C. Being naturally-born makes a plant interact differently with microbes.
D. Hybrid corn and naturally-born corn have similar microbial communities.
14. What effect would Wagner's finding have?
A. Making farmers know what to grow to resist certain diseases
B. Helping scientist realize the importance of spreading soil microbes.
C. Showing the significance of associating soil microbes with specific crops.
D. Highlighting the need for plant growers to find more microbial communities.
15. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Hybrid corn: a double-edged sword
B. How can farmers grow hybrid crops?
C. Hybrid vigor: a mysterious phenomenon
D. What role do soil microbes play in the harvests of corn?
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章由“杂交优势”说起，重点分析了农作物具有杂交优势的一个可能原因——土壤微生物群落的作用，并就此介绍和强调了土壤微生物在农业生产中的巨大作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。本题要求选出人们在农业上是如何应用杂交优势效应的（How did people use the effect of hybrid vigor in agriculture?），根据原文第二段“In the early 20th century, biologists began to apply this effect to agriculture by creating naturally-born parent plants that produced hybrid seeds.”（20世纪初，生物学家开始将这种效应应用到农业上，创造出能产生杂合种子的自然生长的母本植物）可知，人们通过创造能产生杂合种子的自然生长的母本植物（By producing naturally-born parent plants that bore hybrid seeds）来应用这一优势，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。定位至原文第四段，该段介绍的是植物学家Wagner对“杂合优势”的成因解释。本段第一句“Maggie Wagner, plant biologist at the University of Kansas, and her colleagues wondered whether microbes might be it involved.”（堪萨斯大学(University of Kansas)的植物生物学家玛吉·瓦格纳(Maggie Wagner)和她的同事们想知道这是否与微生物有关）讲的是Wagner对杂合优势与土壤微生物可能存在某种关系的推测，而下文“They discovered that the leaves and roots of hybrid corn had microbial communities that are different from those living on naturally-born varieties of corn.”（他们发现杂交作物的叶子和根部的微生物群落与生长在天然作物品种上的微生物群落不同）则印证了这种推测，证实杂合优势和土壤微生物相关，则：Wagner在研究过程中，的确将这两者联系在了一起，B符合原文，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文最后一段第一句“Wagner says the finding highlights the need for plant growers to match the hybrid crops to the microbial communities with which they live.”（瓦格纳说，这一发现强调了植物种植者需要将杂交作物与它们所生活的微生物群落相匹配）可推断，瓦格纳的这项研究发现将能够拥有的效果是展示了土壤微生物与特定作物进行关联的重要性（Showing the significance of associating soil microbes with specific crops），符合原文，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本题要求选出最佳标题，则先要理清文章主旨内容，原文先介绍了“杂交优势”这一概念，接着花费绝大部分篇幅解释这一优势的成因——土壤微生物的作用，全文以最后一句“The findings help scientists realize the importance of understanding the role of soil microbes in making agriculture more productive and sustainable, ‘This holds great promise.’”（这些发现帮助科学家认识到，去理解土壤微生物在提高农业生产力和可持续性方面所扮演的角色的重要性。“这将大有可为。”）作结，由此可见，文章主要内容在介绍土壤微生物在农作物收成过程中所扮演的角色（What role do soil microbes play in the harvests of corn?），以此作为标题符合原文，故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Adding activity to your routine is a key contributor to health and happiness. With your summer workout routine in mind, we have a few tips to help you keep fit.
Boosting power
____16____, you want to stimulate new muscle growth through resistance and endurance training. How effectively you repair and build muscle depends on the use of protein in your body. ____17____. It can be obtained by consuming protein-rich whole foods like lean meats, eggs and fish, vegetable sources.
____18____
Can you push harder, run faster, reach farther and deeper? Fuelling smartly before workout with complex carbs (碳水化合物) for sustained energy release can give you an edge to push yourself that extra bit. Whole grains like brown rice are also packed with complex carbs for sustained energy release while being low in calories. Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance. ____19____, but their special effects help to reduce muscle soreness after a workout, as well.
Making the best of hydration (水合作用)
One of the drivers of athletic performance is maintaining the balance of fluid and electrolytes (电解质) in our bodies. Body fluids are essential for removing waste, maintaining proper neural and muscle function, regulating body temperature, delivering fuel and taking the brunt of shock absorption while smoothing our joints. ____20____. They keep neurons firing and muscles contracting.
A. Enhancing performance
B. Maintaining temperature
C. Electrolytes are minerals, like Na, Mg and Ca
D. When trying to boost your power or strength at the gym
E. while consuming certain kinds of electrolytes in a sport
F. Not only do these heart-healthy fats protect our hearts
G. Make sure your muscles have access to the protein they need
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲是夏天锻炼时保持健康的几条建议。
【16题详解】
本段的小标题是“Boosting power”（增加力量），D选项When trying to boost your power or strength at the gym（当你想在健身房增强力量的时候）中的boost your power与小标题Boosting power相一致，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
【17题详解】
空格前说“How effectively you repair and build muscle depends on the use of protein in your body”（你如何有效地修复和塑造肌肉取决于你体内蛋白质的使用），G选项Make sure your muscles have access to the protein they need（确保你的肌肉能够获得所需的蛋白质）中的protein和空格前的“protein”相一致，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，本段第一句说“Can you push harder, run faster, reach farther and deeper? Fuelling smartly before workout with complex carbs (碳水化合物) for sustained energy release can give you an edge to push yourself that extra bit”（你能更用力、跑得更快、触地更远更深吗?在锻炼前明智地补充碳水化合物以持续释放能量，可以让你更有优势，让自己多提高一点），因此本段是关于提高自己的运动机能的，A选项Enhancing performance（提高机能）概括了本段主题，因此A选项切合题意，另外本段的“Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance”（omega -3脂肪酸是一种经常被忽视的补充剂，它有助于提高你的表现）中的enhance your performance也是提示，故选A。
【19题详解】
空格前说“Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance”（omega -3脂肪酸是一种经常被忽视的补充剂，它有助于提高你的表现），说明了omega -3脂肪酸的好处，F选项Not only do these heart-healthy fats protect our hearts（这些有益心脏健康的脂肪不仅能保护心脏）说明了Omega-3s的好处，且其中的Not only和后面的but构成固定短语，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
【20题详解】
本段第一句说“One of the drivers of athletic performance is maintaining the balance of fluid and electrolytes (电解质) in our bodies”（运动成绩的一个驱动因素是保持体内液体和电解质的平衡），然后第二句讲了Body fluids，空格处就应讲电解质，C选项Electrolytes are minerals, like Na, Mg and Ca（电解质是矿物质，如钠、镁和钙）说明了电解质是什么，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的AB、CD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After over a decade of faithful service, my old desktop computer finally died. With no computer repair places open, my daughter talked me into ____21____ a new laptop to replace it. What followed was two days of pure frustration. It was like going from driving an old car to ____22____ the space shuttle.
I looked for the old e-mail ____23____ I used to use only to find that it wasn't on this model. When I tried to download the ____24____ version again it wouldn't work. Then there were the difficulties of transferring all of my old stories that I had ____25____ on a USB drive. The laptop computer's ____26____ new programs were an icon (图标) minefield that I had to find the way. Each time I accidentally ____27____ one of them, it changed everything on my screen and I had to work hard to figure out how to change them back. Finally after two days, I think we have ____28____ the new computer to do the few simple things I need it to do so l can ____29____ sand other functions that I have no use for.
What I did learn from all of this is that when it comes to computers and ____30____, I want to keep things simple. I don't want to wake up in the morning and ____31____ to my devices. ____32____, I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun ____33____ rise over the mountains here. Life is simple. It is we who make things ____34____. I want to spend my times and my talents making this world better not ____35____.
21. A. exchanging B. purchasing C. recycling D. sacrificing
22. A. parking B. dropping C. repairing D. flying
23. A. program B. website C. receiver D. computer
24. A. faster B. cheaper C. older D. saved
25. A. hired B. cleaned C. rejected D. saved
26. A. fancy B. heaver C. tidy D. handy
27. A. weighed B. stuck C. designed D. touched
28. A. set up B. put on C. taken in D. made out
29. A. imagine B. explore C. ignore D. reflect
30. A. work B. travel C. life D. nature
31. A. yawn B. rush C. bow D. dance
32. A. Still B. Maybe C. Besides D. Instead
33. A. firmly B. slowly C. hopefully D. normally
34. A. ambiguous B. controversial C. complicated D. flexible
35. A. faster B. calmer C. luckier D. simpler
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者买了一台新的笔记本电脑，但是程序太多，作者很多都不会用，由此作者感悟到是我们人把生活变复杂了。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有电脑维修点，我女儿说服我买了一台新的笔记本电脑来代替它。A. exchanging交换； B. purchasing购买； C. recycling回收； D. sacrificing牺牲。由“a new laptop to replace it”可知，此处表示“买了一台新的笔记本电脑”，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像从开一辆旧车到操纵航天飞机。A. parking停车； B. dropping掉下； C. repairing修理； D. flying操纵（飞行器等）。由“the space shuttle”可知，此处表示操纵航天飞机，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找了找以前用过的电子邮件程序，发现它不在这个模式下。A. program程序； B. website网站； C. receiver听筒； D. computer电脑。由后文的“download the ___ version again”可知，我找了找以前用过的电子邮件程序，发现它不在这个模式下，因此空格处是“程序”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我试图再次下载旧版本时，它无法工作。A. faster更快的； B. cheaper更便宜的；C. older更旧的； D. saved救。由“version again”可知，我是再次下载之前的旧版本，因此空格处是“更旧的”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，把我保存在USB驱动器上的所有老故事转移到电脑上也很困难。A. hired雇佣； B. cleaned清理； C. rejected拒绝； D. saved保存。由“on a USB drive”可知，此处表示“我保存在USB驱动器上的所有老故事”，因此空格处是“保存”，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：笔记本电脑上花哨的新程序就像一个图标雷区，我必须找到方法。A. fancy花哨的； B. heavier更重的； C. tidy整洁的； D. handy方便的。由“new programs were an icon (图标) minefield that I had to find the way”可知，此处表示“笔记本电脑上花哨的新程序就像一个图标雷区”，因此空格处是“花哨的”，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我不小心碰到其中一个，它就会改变我屏幕上的所有东西，我必须努力想办法把它们还原回来。A. weighed称重； B. stuck粘，贴； C. designed设计； D. touched碰。由“one of them, it changed everything on my screen”可知，句子表示“每次我不小心碰到其中一个，它就会改变我屏幕上的所有东西”，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，在两天之后，我想我们已经设置了新的电脑来做一些我需要它做的简单的事情，这样我就可以忽略和其他我不需要的功能。A. set up设置； B. put on穿上； C. taken in吸收； D. made out辨认出。由“the new computer to do the few simple things”可知，我设置了新的电脑，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，在两天之后，我想我们已经设置了新的电脑来做一些我需要它做的简单的事情，这样我就可以忽略其他我不需要的功能。A. imagine想象； B. explore探索； C. ignore忽略；D. reflect反思。由“other functions that I have no use for”可知，我可以忽略其他我不需要的功能，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从中学到的是，当涉及到电脑和生活时，我想让事情简单化。A. work工作； B. travel旅行； C. life生活； D. nature大自然。由后文的“I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun”是描述生活的可知，句子表示“当涉及到电脑和生活时，我想让事情简单化”，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想早上一觉醒来，就冲到我的电子设备前。A. yawn打哈欠； B. rush冲； C. bow鞠躬； D. dance跳舞。由“I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun”可知，我不想早上一觉醒来，就冲到我的电子设备前，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想爱抚我的狗，带它们出去，看太阳从这里的山上慢慢升起。A. Still仍然； B. Maybe也许； C. Besides另外； D. Instead相反。____ to my devices和I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun是相反的两件事，因此空格处是“相反”，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想爱抚我的狗，带它们出去，看太阳从这里的山上慢慢升起。A. firmly坚定地； B. slowly缓慢地； C. hopefully有希望地； D. normally正常地。由“the sun ____ rise over the mountains here”可知，太阳是从这里的山上慢慢升起，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我们让事情变得复杂。A. ambiguous模棱两可的； B. controversial有争议的； C. complicated复杂的； D. flexible灵活的。由“Life is simple”可知，句子表示“生活是简单的。是我们让事情变得复杂”，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想用我的时间和才能让这个世界变得更好，而不是更快。A. faster更快的； B. calmer更平静的； C. luckier更幸运的； D. simpler更简单的。由“making this world better not ____.”可知，我想用我的时间和才能让这个世界变得更好，而不是更快，故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has uncovered a new high-speed bullet train ____36____(design) for extremely cold climates. The CR400AF-G train can operate at speeds of up to 350 kilometers per hour (217 mph) in temperatures as low as -40℃. It is part of the Fuxing series of high-speed electric trains developed ____37____ operated by the state-owned China State Railway Group. The train, rolled out in Beijing on January 6, will run on a new high-speed line ____38____(connect) the Chinese capital with northeastern destinations including Shenyang and Harbin-the latter of which is famous for ____39____ (it) annual snow and ice festival. The train also ____40____(feature) a streamlined low-resistance design to help decrease energy consumption, and a lightweight body.
In a report by state-owned newspaper China Daily, Zhou Song, director of the China Railway Beijing Group, offered an analogy (类比) to explain the new train s brake system： “If the train stops in Harbin, one of the China's ____41____(cold) cities in northernmost Heilongjiang, for an hour, because of the extremely cold weather, the braking system can ____42____(easy) freeze if it stops moving for a while. The new system will enable the brakes to move from time to time even ____43____ the train stops, like a person who stamps his feet ____44____(keep) warm in cold weather.”
Today, China is home to the world's largest high-speed rail network, ____45____spreads over 37,000 kilometers.
【答案】36. designed
37. and 38. connecting
39. its 40. features
41. coldest
42. easily 43. if##though
44. to keep
45. which
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是中国设计了一种专门抵御极端寒冷气候的新型高速子弹头列车，并讲了这种列车的特点和优势。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：中国设计了一种专门抵御极端寒冷气候的新型高速子弹头列车。句中谓语是has uncovered，空格处用非谓语形式，train和design之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填designed。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：它是由中国国家铁路集团开发和运营的复兴系列高速电动列车的一部分。根据句意可知，developed和operated之间是并列关系，因此空格处用表示并列的连词and，故填and。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：该列车于1月6日在北京推出，将运行在连接中国首都和东北的目的地，包括沈阳和哈尔滨——后者以每年的冰雪节而闻名。句中谓语是will run，空格处用非谓语形式，line和connect之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语，故填connecting。
【39题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：该列车于1月6日在北京推出，将运行在连接中国首都和东北的目的地，包括沈阳和哈尔滨——后者以每年的冰雪节而闻名。根据句意可知，annual snow and ice festival和it之间是所属关系，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填its。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该列车还采用了流线型的低阻力设计，以帮助降低能耗，车身轻巧。分析可知，空格处是谓语，通篇时态是一般现在时，主语The train是单数，因此空格处用动词的第三人称单数，故填features。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：由于极端寒冷的天气，如果列车在哈尔滨停一个小时，如果停止移动一段时间，刹车系统很容易冻结。哈尔滨是中国最北端黑龙江省最寒冷的城市之一。由前面的the可知，空格处用最高级，即coldest，故填coldest。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于极端寒冷的天气，如果列车在哈尔滨停一个小时，如果停止移动一段时间，刹车系统很容易冻结。哈尔滨是中国最北端黑龙江省最寒冷的城市之一。空格处用副词修饰动词freeze，easy的副词是easily，意为“容易地”，故填easily。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：即使火车停了，新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样。根据语境可知，句子表示“即使火车停了，新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样”，空格处的短语意为“即使”，是even if/though，故填if/though。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，即使火车停了，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样。根据stamps his feet和(keep) warm in cold weather可知，句子表示“一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to keep。
【45题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：今天，中国拥有世界上最大的高铁网络，全长超过3.7万公里。逗号后是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词rail network是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“How to express your thanks”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析现状；
2. 建议几种感激方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to express your thanks
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to express your thanks
You may feel grateful to people who have helped you selflessly. However, it may not always be easy to ex press that. Here are two simple ways.
First, for your loved ones, give them meaningful gifts. For example, if your friend has her favorite writer invite her to a reading club to see the author or get her the signed edition. Then, for strangers, you can smile at a person who is walking down the street because just a simple smile can make a person feel appreciated Expressing appreciation will make us lead a happy and fulfill life.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“How to express your thanks”为题写一篇演讲稿参加英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
感激的：grateful→thankful
有意义的：meaningful→significant
例如：for example→for instance
过......的生活：lead a...life→live a...life
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, for your loved ones, give them meaningful gifts.
拓展句：First, give those who you love meaningful gifts.
【点睛】[高分句型1] You may feel grateful to people who have helped you selflessly.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Then, for strangers, you can smile at a person who is walking down the street because just a simple smile can make a person feel appreciated (运用了who引导的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At eleven years old during my summer holiday, my main concern was money. I wanted to buy the new must-have thing my classmates had. I already had a “job” as a sales representative with a kids-based sales company, and I sold wrapping paper and greeting cards with the best of them. On my bedroom floor, I arranged the bills and change from my purse to see what I had. I wished it would multiply before my eyes, but of course it didn't. I went to my mom. "Mom, I need more money,” I said, leaning against the kitchen counter while she cooked dinner.” What else can kids do for a job around here?” Mom responded with a smile, “Okay, let me ask around.”
The next day, she had an answer “Your grandmother will pay you to help her deliver lunch each day to the elderly.” Yes! I pumped my fist into the air. I couldn't wait to start my new job on Monday after school dismissed for the summer.
When my grandmother picked me up, I thanked her for the job and started asking the job. “It's simple. We pick up a large container full of hot meals in a nearby town and then we go on our delivery route,” she answered.
We arrived at the pick-up kitchen and got dozens of little shiny silver boxes with white lids that were hot. After our load was arranged in the backseat, my grandmother drove us to our first stop: a small white house. I took a meal and a small box of milk from the back and walked beside my grandmother to the front gate. She opened it and nodded to me to go in. I walked along the cracked walkway. Tall grass tickled (使发痒) my ankles.
Did someone really live here? I couldn't imagine that. The house didn't look nice, but I kept going. In front of the door leading to the enclosed front doorway, I paused, and my grandmother called out, “Mrs. Hershel, we've brought you some lunch.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The reply in a low voice came from my left, “Come on in.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the road home, my grandmother said,” For some of them, we're the only person they see and a kind word and a smile go a long way.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The reply in a low voice came from my left, “Come on in.” I turned around and found an old lady in the corner looking at me. She was in her nineties with grey hair. She was sitting in a rock chair in a loose dress. When I drew near to her, she smiled at me. My grandmother introduced me to her. She thanked me again. However, I stared at her and just stood there holding the food, unsure what to do. Under the guide of my grandmother, I placed the food on her kitchen table. I was unwilling to stay there and withdrew at once.
On the road home, my grandmother said, “For some of them, we're the only person they see and a kind word and a smile go a long way.” And she asked if I would try it again the next day. With the lonely woman coming to my mind, I nodded. The next morning, I saw each person a little differently. I smiled at each one and greeted them. With those smiles I saw true happiness in their eyes. That summer I did something incredible not only earning money but making a difference to someone.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者11岁的时候很需要钱，奶奶给了他一份给人送午餐的工作。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的左边传来一个低低的声音:“请进。”可知，第一段可描写作者跟随奶奶去到一个老奶奶家所看到的情形。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，我的祖母说:“对他们中的一些人来说，我们是他们唯一能看到的人，一句友善的话语和一个微笑会有很长的路要走”可知，第二段可描写作者听了奶奶的话以后的感受和改变。
2. 续写线索：走近她——盯着她——退了出去——微笑——打招呼
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①走近她：draw near to her/approach her
②盯着她：stare at her/gaze at her
③退了出去：withdraw/back out
④打招呼：greet/say hello
情绪类
①感谢：thank/show her gratitude
②孤独的：lonely/solitary
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, I stared at her and just stood there holding the food, unsure what to do.（用现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]That summer I did something incredible not only earning money but making a difference to someone.（用现在分词作状语）
高三上学期10月联考
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to remember to do?
A. Phone her. B. Write to her. C. Go to see her.
2. Where might the speakers be?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. At a stadium.
3. What can we infer from the man's words?
A. He will have his car repaired.
B. He can't lend the woman his car.
C. He will borrow the woman s car.
4. What at are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The market. B. The schedule. C. The job interview.
5. Why does the woman want to be a chess player?
A. She obeys her father's plan.
B. She follows the man's advice.
C. Her coach thinks she might be a champion.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between Gary and the woman?
A. Colleagues. B. Boss and staff. C. Husband and wife.
7. Who lives in San Francisco?
A. Tom. B. Jennifer. C. Gary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long does the man work a day?
A. Nine hours. B. Eight hours. C. Seven hours.
9. What is the man's attitude towards his job?
A. He is tired o of it. B. He is fond of it. C. He is curious about it.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man feel when knowing the company has the study area?
A Surprised. B. Embarrassed. C. Proud.
11. What is the woman studying?
A. Clothes making. B. History. C. Design.
12. Who pays for the woman's study?
A. Alice. B. David. C. The company.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man look for a flat?
A. To live near the university.
B. To get out of his parents control.
C. To live with someone learning biology.
14. Which of the following is Jack's major?
A. Pop music. B. Biology. C. French.
15. What does the man play in the band?
A. The piano. B. The guitar. C. The violin.
16. What does the woman mean at the end of the conversation?
A. She advises the man to clean the flat.
B. She invites Peter to live with her.
C. She refuses the man's request.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why was the speaker's father proud of him?
A. He was the first university student in his family.
B. He earned great amounts of money.
C. He found a well-paid job.
18. How many shops did the speaker have before selling his business?
A. 120. B. 250. C. 268.
19. What did the speaker do in 2002?
A. He first paid a visit to Africa.
B. He spent much money on race cars.
C. He lent lots of money to farmers.
20. What was the speaker's first project in Malawi?
A. A school. B. A shoe shop. C. A hospital.
第二部分 阅读（共两节满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
Skipping stones to Donate Books for Low-income Schools and Libraries
Are you working with students from low-income families or communities of color? Are you in a school or library that needs more books? We have many books that we wish to donate to schools and public libraries serving low-income students or communities of color. We have nature books as well as books on cultural awareness and diversity. In terms of ages or readership levels, we have novels for teenagers, chapter books, picture books, and a few reference books.
Skipping Stones invites you to write to us about students you serve, as well as your needs and wants in terms of books. We want to donate these books to your public school or library but we request that you cover the shipping costs. We think $50 or $100 will adequately cover the shipping of about 50 to 100 books, respectively. $200 will bring you four big boxes of about 200 to 250 books. This is just an estimate. We are happy to work with you.
Please note that we are NOT able to fulfill donation requests from overseas schools or libraries because of the high cost of airmail postage. Within the USA, we can use the cheaper MEDIA MAIL or LIBRARY RATE. Send your requests to info@skippingstones. org or by snail mail to:
EDITOR, Skipping Stones Magazine, P.O. Box 3939 Eugene, Oregon 97403-0939
1. Where will the books be donated to?
A. Low-income students interested in reading books.
B. Low-income families with middle school students.
C. Schools or public libraries serving low-income students.
D. Overseas low-income schools with communities of color.
2. What does Skipping Stones require schools to do?
A. Ship the books. B. Post the books.
C. Cover all the costs. D. Cover the shipping cost.
3. How can schools send their requests?
A. By telephone. B. By fax.
C. In person. D. By e-mail.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告，主要讲的是Skipping Stones Magazine正在征集需要书的学校和公共图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“We have many books that we wish to donate to schools and public libraries serving low-income students or communities of color”（我们有很多书希望捐赠给学校和公共图书馆，为低收入学生或有色人种社区服务）可知，这些书籍将被捐赠给为低收入学生服务的学校或公共图书馆，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“We want to donate these books to your public school or library but we request that you cover the shipping costs”（我们想把这些书捐赠给你的公立学校或图书馆，但我们要求你支付运费）可知，Skipping Stones要求学校承担运费，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段的“Send your requests to info@skippingstones. org”（将您的请求发送到info@skippingstones.org）可知，info@skippingstones. org是电子邮箱，因此学校可以通过电子邮件发送他们的要求，故选D。
B
In Vietnamese, Ngan's name means “star,” but she wasn't able to smile brightly because she was born with a cleft (兔唇) condition.
Ngan's family lives in a small, isolated village in southern Vietnam. Without help, her family would never have been able to afford the reconstructive surgery that would change Ngan's lite and give her a brighter future. But when Ngan's parents heard that Operation Smile was conducting a surgical mission in Danang, they did everything in their power to take Ngan there for medical mission. Ngan and her family travelled more than 200 miles for the chance to give her a new smile. Ngan received life-changing surgery on her cleft lip and palate and now, 10 years later, she is a happy, healthy, lively girl-with a smile that shows it.
Before she had surgery, Ngan's facial condition prevented her social engagement and even her involvement in school. Now, with the confidence she gained from her new smile, Ngan can reach her full potential.
Ngan's parents say they had given up everything but hope before Operation Smile gave their daughter the chance to see her dreams become a reality. “Many families in our province will abandon their child if a baby is born with a cleft,” Ngan's father said.
He never wants this to happen, knowing how incredible the transformation is with a free surgery through Operation Smile. Ngan's parents now actively refer to other families of children born with cleft conditions to Operation Smile. They are determined to ensure that every child has the opportunity for a brighter future, regardless of their appearances.
Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide. If you would like additional information please visit www. operationsmile. org. uk/Star, call 020 3475 5126 or write to Operation Smile UK, Genos House, Juniper Drive, London SW18 1FY.
4. What do we know about Ngan?
A. She got seriously ill after she was born.
B She was born physically-challenged.
C. She was abandoned by her parents.
D. She was always smiling brightly.
5. What is Operation Smile?
A. An organization aiming to help hopeless villagers.
B. An organization aiming to help children with cleft.
C. An organization aiming to make children educated.
D An organization aiming to do surgeries for the poor.
6. Which of the following words can be used to describe Ngan's parents?
A. Responsible. B. Conventional.
C. Experienced. D. Passive.
7. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain what is cleft. B. To promote Operation Smile.
C. To introduce a girl with cleft. D. To call for donations for girls with cleft.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了越南一名叫Ngan的小女孩，因出生唇裂而不能微笑，在Operation Smile（微笑行动）组织的帮助下，成功修复并融入社会生活的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段“In Vietnamese, Ngan's name means ‘star’, but she wasn't able to smile brightly because she was born with a cleft condition.”（在越南语中，Ngan的名字意思是“明星”，但她却无法有灿烂的笑容，因为她生来就有唇裂）可知，她有着唇裂的先天性身体疾病，这个疾病会导致她无法笑，也就是说，她生来就有着生理缺陷（She was born physically-challenged.），B选项符合原文，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据全文对这一组织的介绍，尤其是最后一段“Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide.”（“微笑行动”已经为全世界的唇腭裂患者提供了数十万次安全的手术）可知，这一组织旨在帮助有唇裂这一先天疾病的孩子（An organization aiming to help children with cleft.），B符合原文，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求选用合适的词描述Ngan的父母，根据原文第二段的描述“they did everything in their power to take Ngan there for medical mission.”（他们尽一切可能把Ngan带到那里做医学治疗）以及第四段的对比“Many families in our province will abandon their child if a baby is born with a cleft,”（在我们这个省，如果孩子一出生就有唇裂，很多家庭都会抛弃他们的孩子）可知，Ngan的父母想尽一切办法给女儿治疗，而不像该地区的其他父母，由这组对比可见Ngan的父母是极为负责的（Responsible）的人，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求推断文章的写作目的、意图，全文前几段讲述了小女孩Ngan在Operation Smile组织的帮助下重获笑容的故事，而倒数第二段则提及Ngan的父母积极向其他遭遇此类不幸的孩子父母推介这一组织，在文章最后一段，则直接对Operation Smile组织做了一句正式介绍，“Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for those born with cleft conditions worldwide. If you would like additional information please visit…call…or write to…”（“微笑行动”已经为全世界的唇腭裂患者提供了数十万次安全的手术，如果您想要获得更多信息，请访问……拨打……或写信到……），分别具体给出了网站、联系电话与写信邮箱，文章就此结束，上文也多次提及多亏了这个组织，改变了孩子的人生。显而易见，文章是为了推介这一组织（To promote Operation Smile.），B正确，故选B。
C
Oceans hold a lot of mystery, even for people who study them. But it's no mystery why they're in trouble. We've been using them to hide our waste -such as pouring oil, plastic, and poisonous chemicals into them for decades. We've over exploited (剥削) many fish stocks to levels so low that they can no longer be harvested.
Oceans are also a primary source of protein for millions of people worldwide. If we want to continue to enjoy what oceans provide, we need to do everything we can to protect them and the life they support. We should ensure the seafood we eat is sustainable.
Of course, not everyone is lucky enough to be able to catch their own fish, which means having sustainable options at the store is critical. As public and companies awareness about the risks caused by overfishing and uncontrolled sea farming expansion have grown, food tradesmen in Canada have developed sustainable seafood policies and commitments.
Seafood Progress, an online resource, is designed to help provide rewards to tradesmen and information to seafood lovers. It makes it easier for consumers in Canada to find out tradesmen's policies on sourcing sustainable seafood, whether they're sticking to those policies and how they're performing compared to their peers.
But tradesmen must do more to ensure their seafood products are environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. This means expanding the scope of their commitments to cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores. It also requires continuing to work with suppliers and producers to improve practices and make sure the sustainable seafood supply meets consumer demand.
It's no mystery that if we want to continue to eat fish, we must do it responsibly. Seafood Progress has invited seafood tradesmen, suppliers and consumers to join in pushing to this goal.
8. What's the cause of oceans' being in trouble according to paragraph 1?
A. The ever-changing of the global climate.
B. The mystery that people haven't studied.
C. The over exploitation and use of the oceans.
D. The continuous decrease of fish stocks.
9. What can Seafood Progress do for consumers?
A. Provide rewards to them.
B. Urge them to stick to policies.
C. Provide them with enough seafood.
D. Let them know about tradesmen's policies.
10. What does the underlined word “scope” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Range B. Chance
C. Risk. D. Rate.
11. How can seafood be sustainable?
A. Through expanding seafood production.
B. By protecting all the tradesmen's profit.
C. By joint efforts of people involved in seafood.
D. By making policies to control seafood consumers.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在人类对海洋生物过度捕捞的大背景下，有关各方（包括捕捞者、供应商和消费者）尝试共同努力，促进海产品可持续供应的措施。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第一段最后一句“We've over exploited many fish stocks to levels so low that they can no longer be harvested.”（我们对许多鱼类资源的过度开采已经达到了无法再持续捕捞的水平）可知，对海洋资源的过度开采利用是导致海洋陷入严重问题的原因之一，C符合原文，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Seafood Progress…It makes it easier for consumers in Canada to find out tradesmen's policies on sourcing sustainable seafood”（这一项目资源让加拿大的消费者更容易了解到在采购可持续海鲜方面的商业贸易政策）可知，这一项目资源能够为消费者做的，就是让他们知道相应的商业政策（Let them know about tradesmen's policies.），D符合原文，故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。定位到scope所在的段落，即第五段，结合其所在的语境“But tradesmen must do more to ensure their seafood products are environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. This means expanding the scope of their commitments to cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores.”（但商人们必须采取更多措施，确保他们的海鲜产品是具有环境可持续性的和履行社会责任的。这意味着扩大他们的承诺范围，涵盖他们在所有商店销售的所有海鲜产品），结合语境，并抓住关键词do more（做得更多），以及cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores（涵盖他们在所有商店销售的所有海鲜产品）中出现两次的all，可推断这里expand（扩大）的是一个范围（scope），A. Range范围；B. Chance机会，机遇；C. Risk风险；D. Rate比率，价格，等级。由以上分析可知，仅有range符合语境，故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文最后一段内容“It's no mystery that if we want to continue to eat fish, we must do it responsibly. Seafood Progress has invited seafood tradesmen, suppliers and consumers to join in pushing to this goal.”（如果我们想继续吃鱼，就必须负责任地去付诸行动，这一点毫无疑问。Seafood Progress已经诚邀海产商、供应商和消费者共同推动这一目标的实现）可知，如何我们要源源不断地吃到海产品，则需要所有相关人员的共同努力（By joint efforts of people involved in seafood.），故选C。
D
Plenty of harvests of corn and other major crops rely on a mysterious phenomenon known as hybrid vigor (杂交活力). When highly naturally-born varieties are crossed, their next generations are taller, hardier, and bear more grain, Researchers report that this vigor is somehow influenced by microbes (微生物) in the soil, perhaps through a plant's immune system .
Charles Darwin was one of the first researchers to describe hybrid vigor. In the early 20th century, biologists began to apply this effect to agriculture by creating naturally-born parent plants that produced hybrid seeds. By the 1940s, almost every farmer in the United States was planting hybrid corn, and the harvests multiplied.
Biologists have proposed several theories about the cause of hybrid vigor, but no definitive explanation has emerged.
Maggie Wagner, plant biologist at the University of Kansas, and her colleagues wondered whether microbes might be it involved. Last year, Wagner and her colleagues found an interesting clue in a field study. They discovered that the leaves and roots of hybrid corn had microbial communities that are different from those living on naturally-born varieties of corn. “Something about being a hybrid makes a plant interact differently with microbes,” Wagner says. It could be that the naturally-born corn's immune systems react more actively to beneficial microbes, compromising their growth. Alternatively, hybrid plants may be better able to defend against weak pathogens (病原体) in the soil.
Wagner says the finding highlights the need for plant growers to match the hybrid crops to the microbial communities with which they live. The findings help scientists realize the importance of understanding the role of soil microbes in making agriculture more productive and sustainable, “This holds great promise.”
12. How did people use the effect of hybrid vigor in agriculture?
A. By producing naturally-born parent plants that bore hybrid seeds.
B. By creating naturally-born parent lines that produced hybrid vigor.
C By providing more microbes communities that could produce more seeds.
D. By looking for hybrid parent plants in the field that produced hybrid seeds.
13. What can we know from paragraph 4?
A. Hybrid plants react worse to weak pathogens in the soil.
B. Wagner connected hybrid vigor with microbial communities.
C. Being naturally-born makes a plant interact differently with microbes.
D. Hybrid corn and naturally-born corn have similar microbial communities.
14. What effect would Wagner's finding have?
A. Making farmers know what to grow to resist certain diseases
B. Helping scientist realize the importance of spreading soil microbes.
C. Showing the significance of associating soil microbes with specific crops.
D. Highlighting the need for plant growers to find more microbial communities.
15. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Hybrid corn: a double-edged sword
B. How can farmers grow hybrid crops?
C. Hybrid vigor: a mysterious phenomenon
D. What role do soil microbes play in the harvests of corn?
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章由“杂交优势”说起，重点分析了农作物具有杂交优势的一个可能原因——土壤微生物群落的作用，并就此介绍和强调了土壤微生物在农业生产中的巨大作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。本题要求选出人们在农业上是如何应用杂交优势效应的（How did people use the effect of hybrid vigor in agriculture?），根据原文第二段“In the early 20th century, biologists began to apply this effect to agriculture by creating naturally-born parent plants that produced hybrid seeds.”（20世纪初，生物学家开始将这种效应应用到农业上，创造出能产生杂合种子的自然生长的母本植物）可知，人们通过创造能产生杂合种子的自然生长的母本植物（By producing naturally-born parent plants that bore hybrid seeds）来应用这一优势，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。定位至原文第四段，该段介绍的是植物学家Wagner对“杂合优势”的成因解释。本段第一句“Maggie Wagner, plant biologist at the University of Kansas, and her colleagues wondered whether microbes might be it involved.”（堪萨斯大学(University of Kansas)的植物生物学家玛吉·瓦格纳(Maggie Wagner)和她的同事们想知道这是否与微生物有关）讲的是Wagner对杂合优势与土壤微生物可能存在某种关系的推测，而下文“They discovered that the leaves and roots of hybrid corn had microbial communities that are different from those living on naturally-born varieties of corn.”（他们发现杂交作物的叶子和根部的微生物群落与生长在天然作物品种上的微生物群落不同）则印证了这种推测，证实杂合优势和土壤微生物相关，则：Wagner在研究过程中，的确将这两者联系在了一起，B符合原文，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文最后一段第一句“Wagner says the finding highlights the need for plant growers to match the hybrid crops to the microbial communities with which they live.”（瓦格纳说，这一发现强调了植物种植者需要将杂交作物与它们所生活的微生物群落相匹配）可推断，瓦格纳的这项研究发现将能够拥有的效果是展示了土壤微生物与特定作物进行关联的重要性（Showing the significance of associating soil microbes with specific crops），符合原文，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本题要求选出最佳标题，则先要理清文章主旨内容，原文先介绍了“杂交优势”这一概念，接着花费绝大部分篇幅解释这一优势的成因——土壤微生物的作用，全文以最后一句“The findings help scientists realize the importance of understanding the role of soil microbes in making agriculture more productive and sustainable, ‘This holds great promise.’”（这些发现帮助科学家认识到，去理解土壤微生物在提高农业生产力和可持续性方面所扮演的角色的重要性。“这将大有可为。”）作结，由此可见，文章主要内容在介绍土壤微生物在农作物收成过程中所扮演的角色（What role do soil microbes play in the harvests of corn?），以此作为标题符合原文，故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Adding activity to your routine is a key contributor to health and happiness. With your summer workout routine in mind, we have a few tips to help you keep fit.
Boosting power
____16____, you want to stimulate new muscle growth through resistance and endurance training. How effectively you repair and build muscle depends on the use of protein in your body. ____17____. It can be obtained by consuming protein-rich whole foods like lean meats, eggs and fish, vegetable sources.
____18____
Can you push harder, run faster, reach farther and deeper? Fuelling smartly before workout with complex carbs (碳水化合物) for sustained energy release can give you an edge to push yourself that extra bit. Whole grains like brown rice are also packed with complex carbs for sustained energy release while being low in calories. Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance. ____19____, but their special effects help to reduce muscle soreness after a workout, as well.
Making the best of hydration (水合作用)
One of the drivers of athletic performance is maintaining the balance of fluid and electrolytes (电解质) in our bodies. Body fluids are essential for removing waste, maintaining proper neural and muscle function, regulating body temperature, delivering fuel and taking the brunt of shock absorption while smoothing our joints. ____20____. They keep neurons firing and muscles contracting.
A. Enhancing performance
B. Maintaining temperature
C. Electrolytes are minerals, like Na, Mg and Ca
D. When trying to boost your power or strength at the gym
E. while consuming certain kinds of electrolytes in a sport
F. Not only do these heart-healthy fats protect our hearts
G. Make sure your muscles have access to the protein they need
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲是夏天锻炼时保持健康的几条建议。
【16题详解】
本段的小标题是“Boosting power”（增加力量），D选项When trying to boost your power or strength at the gym（当你想在健身房增强力量的时候）中的boost your power与小标题Boosting power相一致，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
【17题详解】
空格前说“How effectively you repair and build muscle depends on the use of protein in your body”（你如何有效地修复和塑造肌肉取决于你体内蛋白质的使用），G选项Make sure your muscles have access to the protein they need（确保你的肌肉能够获得所需的蛋白质）中的protein和空格前的“protein”相一致，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，本段第一句说“Can you push harder, run faster, reach farther and deeper? Fuelling smartly before workout with complex carbs (碳水化合物) for sustained energy release can give you an edge to push yourself that extra bit”（你能更用力、跑得更快、触地更远更深吗?在锻炼前明智地补充碳水化合物以持续释放能量，可以让你更有优势，让自己多提高一点），因此本段是关于提高自己的运动机能的，A选项Enhancing performance（提高机能）概括了本段主题，因此A选项切合题意，另外本段的“Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance”（omega -3脂肪酸是一种经常被忽视的补充剂，它有助于提高你的表现）中的enhance your performance也是提示，故选A。
【19题详解】
空格前说“Omega-3s are an often overlooked supplement that can help to enhance your performance”（omega -3脂肪酸是一种经常被忽视的补充剂，它有助于提高你的表现），说明了omega -3脂肪酸的好处，F选项Not only do these heart-healthy fats protect our hearts（这些有益心脏健康的脂肪不仅能保护心脏）说明了Omega-3s的好处，且其中的Not only和后面的but构成固定短语，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
【20题详解】
本段第一句说“One of the drivers of athletic performance is maintaining the balance of fluid and electrolytes (电解质) in our bodies”（运动成绩的一个驱动因素是保持体内液体和电解质的平衡），然后第二句讲了Body fluids，空格处就应讲电解质，C选项Electrolytes are minerals, like Na, Mg and Ca（电解质是矿物质，如钠、镁和钙）说明了电解质是什么，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的AB、CD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After over a decade of faithful service, my old desktop computer finally died. With no computer repair places open, my daughter talked me into ____21____ a new laptop to replace it. What followed was two days of pure frustration. It was like going from driving an old car to ____22____ the space shuttle.
I looked for the old e-mail ____23____ I used to use only to find that it wasn't on this model. When I tried to download the ____24____ version again it wouldn't work. Then there were the difficulties of transferring all of my old stories that I had ____25____ on a USB drive. The laptop computer's ____26____ new programs were an icon (图标) minefield that I had to find the way. Each time I accidentally ____27____ one of them, it changed everything on my screen and I had to work hard to figure out how to change them back. Finally after two days, I think we have ____28____ the new computer to do the few simple things I need it to do so l can ____29____ sand other functions that I have no use for.
What I did learn from all of this is that when it comes to computers and ____30____, I want to keep things simple. I don't want to wake up in the morning and ____31____ to my devices. ____32____, I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun ____33____ rise over the mountains here. Life is simple. It is we who make things ____34____. I want to spend my times and my talents making this world better not ____35____.
21. A. exchanging B. purchasing C. recycling D. sacrificing
22. A. parking B. dropping C. repairing D. flying
23. A. program B. website C. receiver D. computer
24. A. faster B. cheaper C. older D. saved
25. A. hired B. cleaned C. rejected D. saved
26. A. fancy B. heaver C. tidy D. handy
27. A. weighed B. stuck C. designed D. touched
28. A. set up B. put on C. taken in D. made out
29. A. imagine B. explore C. ignore D. reflect
30. A. work B. travel C. life D. nature
31. A. yawn B. rush C. bow D. dance
32. A. Still B. Maybe C. Besides D. Instead
33. A. firmly B. slowly C. hopefully D. normally
34. A. ambiguous B. controversial C. complicated D. flexible
35. A. faster B. calmer C. luckier D. simpler
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者买了一台新的笔记本电脑，但是程序太多，作者很多都不会用，由此作者感悟到是我们人把生活变复杂了。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有电脑维修点，我女儿说服我买了一台新的笔记本电脑来代替它。A. exchanging交换； B. purchasing购买； C. recycling回收； D. sacrificing牺牲。由“a new laptop to replace it”可知，此处表示“买了一台新的笔记本电脑”，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像从开一辆旧车到操纵航天飞机。A. parking停车； B. dropping掉下； C. repairing修理； D. flying操纵（飞行器等）。由“the space shuttle”可知，此处表示操纵航天飞机，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找了找以前用过的电子邮件程序，发现它不在这个模式下。A. program程序； B. website网站； C. receiver听筒； D. computer电脑。由后文的“download the ___ version again”可知，我找了找以前用过的电子邮件程序，发现它不在这个模式下，因此空格处是“程序”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我试图再次下载旧版本时，它无法工作。A. faster更快的； B. cheaper更便宜的；C. older更旧的； D. saved救。由“version again”可知，我是再次下载之前的旧版本，因此空格处是“更旧的”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，把我保存在USB驱动器上的所有老故事转移到电脑上也很困难。A. hired雇佣； B. cleaned清理； C. rejected拒绝； D. saved保存。由“on a USB drive”可知，此处表示“我保存在USB驱动器上的所有老故事”，因此空格处是“保存”，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：笔记本电脑上花哨的新程序就像一个图标雷区，我必须找到方法。A. fancy花哨的； B. heavier更重的； C. tidy整洁的； D. handy方便的。由“new programs were an icon (图标) minefield that I had to find the way”可知，此处表示“笔记本电脑上花哨的新程序就像一个图标雷区”，因此空格处是“花哨的”，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我不小心碰到其中一个，它就会改变我屏幕上的所有东西，我必须努力想办法把它们还原回来。A. weighed称重； B. stuck粘，贴； C. designed设计； D. touched碰。由“one of them, it changed everything on my screen”可知，句子表示“每次我不小心碰到其中一个，它就会改变我屏幕上的所有东西”，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，在两天之后，我想我们已经设置了新的电脑来做一些我需要它做的简单的事情，这样我就可以忽略和其他我不需要的功能。A. set up设置； B. put on穿上； C. taken in吸收； D. made out辨认出。由“the new computer to do the few simple things”可知，我设置了新的电脑，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，在两天之后，我想我们已经设置了新的电脑来做一些我需要它做的简单的事情，这样我就可以忽略其他我不需要的功能。A. imagine想象； B. explore探索； C. ignore忽略；D. reflect反思。由“other functions that I have no use for”可知，我可以忽略其他我不需要的功能，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从中学到的是，当涉及到电脑和生活时，我想让事情简单化。A. work工作； B. travel旅行； C. life生活； D. nature大自然。由后文的“I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun”是描述生活的可知，句子表示“当涉及到电脑和生活时，我想让事情简单化”，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想早上一觉醒来，就冲到我的电子设备前。A. yawn打哈欠； B. rush冲； C. bow鞠躬； D. dance跳舞。由“I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun”可知，我不想早上一觉醒来，就冲到我的电子设备前，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想爱抚我的狗，带它们出去，看太阳从这里的山上慢慢升起。A. Still仍然； B. Maybe也许； C. Besides另外； D. Instead相反。____ to my devices和I want to pet my dogs, take them outside, and watch the sun是相反的两件事，因此空格处是“相反”，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想爱抚我的狗，带它们出去，看太阳从这里的山上慢慢升起。A. firmly坚定地； B. slowly缓慢地； C. hopefully有希望地； D. normally正常地。由“the sun ____ rise over the mountains here”可知，太阳是从这里的山上慢慢升起，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我们让事情变得复杂。A. ambiguous模棱两可的； B. controversial有争议的； C. complicated复杂的； D. flexible灵活的。由“Life is simple”可知，句子表示“生活是简单的。是我们让事情变得复杂”，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想用我的时间和才能让这个世界变得更好，而不是更快。A. faster更快的； B. calmer更平静的； C. luckier更幸运的； D. simpler更简单的。由“making this world better not ____.”可知，我想用我的时间和才能让这个世界变得更好，而不是更快，故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has uncovered a new high-speed bullet train ____36____(design) for extremely cold climates. The CR400AF-G train can operate at speeds of up to 350 kilometers per hour (217 mph) in temperatures as low as -40℃. It is part of the Fuxing series of high-speed electric trains developed ____37____ operated by the state-owned China State Railway Group. The train, rolled out in Beijing on January 6, will run on a new high-speed line ____38____(connect) the Chinese capital with northeastern destinations including Shenyang and Harbin-the latter of which is famous for ____39____ (it) annual snow and ice festival. The train also ____40____(feature) a streamlined low-resistance design to help decrease energy consumption, and a lightweight body.
In a report by state-owned newspaper China Daily, Zhou Song, director of the China Railway Beijing Group, offered an analogy (类比) to explain the new train s brake system： “If the train stops in Harbin, one of the China's ____41____(cold) cities in northernmost Heilongjiang, for an hour, because of the extremely cold weather, the braking system can ____42____(easy) freeze if it stops moving for a while. The new system will enable the brakes to move from time to time even ____43____ the train stops, like a person who stamps his feet ____44____(keep) warm in cold weather.”
Today, China is home to the world's largest high-speed rail network, ____45____spreads over 37,000 kilometers.
【答案】36. designed
37. and 38. connecting
39. its 40. features
41. coldest
42. easily 43. if##though
44. to keep
45. which
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是中国设计了一种专门抵御极端寒冷气候的新型高速子弹头列车，并讲了这种列车的特点和优势。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：中国设计了一种专门抵御极端寒冷气候的新型高速子弹头列车。句中谓语是has uncovered，空格处用非谓语形式，train和design之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填designed。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：它是由中国国家铁路集团开发和运营的复兴系列高速电动列车的一部分。根据句意可知，developed和operated之间是并列关系，因此空格处用表示并列的连词and，故填and。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：该列车于1月6日在北京推出，将运行在连接中国首都和东北的目的地，包括沈阳和哈尔滨——后者以每年的冰雪节而闻名。句中谓语是will run，空格处用非谓语形式，line和connect之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语，故填connecting。
【39题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：该列车于1月6日在北京推出，将运行在连接中国首都和东北的目的地，包括沈阳和哈尔滨——后者以每年的冰雪节而闻名。根据句意可知，annual snow and ice festival和it之间是所属关系，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填its。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该列车还采用了流线型的低阻力设计，以帮助降低能耗，车身轻巧。分析可知，空格处是谓语，通篇时态是一般现在时，主语The train是单数，因此空格处用动词的第三人称单数，故填features。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：由于极端寒冷的天气，如果列车在哈尔滨停一个小时，如果停止移动一段时间，刹车系统很容易冻结。哈尔滨是中国最北端黑龙江省最寒冷的城市之一。由前面的the可知，空格处用最高级，即coldest，故填coldest。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于极端寒冷的天气，如果列车在哈尔滨停一个小时，如果停止移动一段时间，刹车系统很容易冻结。哈尔滨是中国最北端黑龙江省最寒冷的城市之一。空格处用副词修饰动词freeze，easy的副词是easily，意为“容易地”，故填easily。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：即使火车停了，新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样。根据语境可知，句子表示“即使火车停了，新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样”，空格处的短语意为“即使”，是even if/though，故填if/though。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：新系统将使刹车能不时地移动，即使火车停了，就像一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖一样。根据stamps his feet和(keep) warm in cold weather可知，句子表示“一个人在寒冷的天气跺脚取暖”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to keep。
【45题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：今天，中国拥有世界上最大的高铁网络，全长超过3.7万公里。逗号后是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词rail network是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“How to express your thanks”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析现状；
2. 建议几种感激方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to express your thanks
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to express your thanks
You may feel grateful to people who have helped you selflessly. However, it may not always be easy to ex press that. Here are two simple ways.
First, for your loved ones, give them meaningful gifts. For example, if your friend has her favorite writer invite her to a reading club to see the author or get her the signed edition. Then, for strangers, you can smile at a person who is walking down the street because just a simple smile can make a person feel appreciated Expressing appreciation will make us lead a happy and fulfill life.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“How to express your thanks”为题写一篇演讲稿参加英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
感激的：grateful→thankful
有意义的：meaningful→significant
例如：for example→for instance
过......的生活：lead a...life→live a...life
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, for your loved ones, give them meaningful gifts.
拓展句：First, give those who you love meaningful gifts.
【点睛】[高分句型1] You may feel grateful to people who have helped you selflessly.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Then, for strangers, you can smile at a person who is walking down the street because just a simple smile can make a person feel appreciated (运用了who引导的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At eleven years old during my summer holiday, my main concern was money. I wanted to buy the new must-have thing my classmates had. I already had a “job” as a sales representative with a kids-based sales company, and I sold wrapping paper and greeting cards with the best of them. On my bedroom floor, I arranged the bills and change from my purse to see what I had. I wished it would multiply before my eyes, but of course it didn't. I went to my mom. "Mom, I need more money,” I said, leaning against the kitchen counter while she cooked dinner.” What else can kids do for a job around here?” Mom responded with a smile, “Okay, let me ask around.”
The next day, she had an answer “Your grandmother will pay you to help her deliver lunch each day to the elderly.” Yes! I pumped my fist into the air. I couldn't wait to start my new job on Monday after school dismissed for the summer.
When my grandmother picked me up, I thanked her for the job and started asking the job. “It's simple. We pick up a large container full of hot meals in a nearby town and then we go on our delivery route,” she answered.
We arrived at the pick-up kitchen and got dozens of little shiny silver boxes with white lids that were hot. After our load was arranged in the backseat, my grandmother drove us to our first stop: a small white house. I took a meal and a small box of milk from the back and walked beside my grandmother to the front gate. She opened it and nodded to me to go in. I walked along the cracked walkway. Tall grass tickled (使发痒) my ankles.
Did someone really live here? I couldn't imagine that. The house didn't look nice, but I kept going. In front of the door leading to the enclosed front doorway, I paused, and my grandmother called out, “Mrs. Hershel, we've brought you some lunch.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The reply in a low voice came from my left, “Come on in.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the road home, my grandmother said,” For some of them, we're the only person they see and a kind word and a smile go a long way.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The reply in a low voice came from my left, “Come on in.” I turned around and found an old lady in the corner looking at me. She was in her nineties with grey hair. She was sitting in a rock chair in a loose dress. When I drew near to her, she smiled at me. My grandmother introduced me to her. She thanked me again. However, I stared at her and just stood there holding the food, unsure what to do. Under the guide of my grandmother, I placed the food on her kitchen table. I was unwilling to stay there and withdrew at once.
On the road home, my grandmother said, “For some of them, we're the only person they see and a kind word and a smile go a long way.” And she asked if I would try it again the next day. With the lonely woman coming to my mind, I nodded. The next morning, I saw each person a little differently. I smiled at each one and greeted them. With those smiles I saw true happiness in their eyes. That summer I did something incredible not only earning money but making a difference to someone.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者11岁的时候很需要钱，奶奶给了他一份给人送午餐的工作。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的左边传来一个低低的声音:“请进。”可知，第一段可描写作者跟随奶奶去到一个老奶奶家所看到的情形。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，我的祖母说:“对他们中的一些人来说，我们是他们唯一能看到的人，一句友善的话语和一个微笑会有很长的路要走”可知，第二段可描写作者听了奶奶的话以后的感受和改变。
2. 续写线索：走近她——盯着她——退了出去——微笑——打招呼
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①走近她：draw near to her/approach her
②盯着她：stare at her/gaze at her
③退了出去：withdraw/back out
④打招呼：greet/say hello
情绪类
①感谢：thank/show her gratitude
②孤独的：lonely/solitary
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, I stared at her and just stood there holding the food, unsure what to do.（用现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]That summer I did something incredible not only earning money but making a difference to someone.（用现在分词作状语）
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