北京市海淀区2020届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份北京市海淀区2020届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题（含解析），共40页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
At 8, I started taking art lessns (1) (imprve) my painting skills.
Hwever, later, I fund that I fcused t much n mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became mre distressed when my expectatins weren’t matched.
S, in the 11th Grade, I returned t the basics. On (2) sketchbk I
frced myself t draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released frm the tight cntrl. I have learned that a gd painting is nt abut having perfect technique. In fact, all I need t d is trust my (3) (create) talents and find mments f jy in life.
1.
【答案】t imprve
【解析】 本题考查非谓语做状语；提示词 imprve 为动词，句子中，前面的代词 I 与名词 lessns， 都不能充当 imprve 的主语，所以 imprve 需要做非谓语。按照三步式解题：1）其逻辑主语是 I； 2）imprve 与逻辑主语之间是主动关系；3）且 imprve 动作发生在 start taking 之后，故使用不定式。在句子中充当目的状语。翻译为“在 8 岁时，我开始学习艺术课程，去改进我的绘画技能。”故正确答案是 t imprve。
2.
【答案】 a
【解析】 本题考查冠词；本题无提示词，且位置是在介词后名词前，考虑冠词。冠词分为泛指和特指，由于本题前面没有出现过 sketchbk， 可以使用冠词 a，句意为“我强迫自己在速写本上画任何让我感兴趣的东西”，故正确答案是 a。
1
3.
【答案】creative
【解析】本题考查词性变换；本题提示词为 create，是动词。在句子中处于形容词性物主代词 my 和名词 talents 之间，需要充当定语。creative talents 则是“创造才能”。结合本句中，翻译为“实际上，我所需要去做的就是相信我的创造能力和找到生命中的 欢乐”，故正确答案是 creative。
B
In recent years, tramplining( 蹦 床 ) has becme a new craze amng Chinese yuths. Shrt vides (4) (shw) peple’s excitement abut jumping back and frth n the clrful tramplines are regularly upladed t scial media. Mst
vides feature teenagers, but adults t have jumped n the trend, hping t relive their childhd.
Cmpared with sccer, basketball, tennis r any ther cmpetitive sprts, (5)
varius injuries ccur frm time t time, tramplining is relatively (6)
(safe). Hwever, preparatin and safety always cme first. Yu must d warm-up exercises befre playing and yu can’t lse cncentratin during the mvements.
4.
【答案】shwing
【解析】 本题考查非谓语做后置定语；提示词 shw 为动词，需要考虑做谓语或者非谓语。 将这句子中的谓语动词找出来，后面有一个 are upladed， 然后匹配主语。可以看到前面的 excitement（动词宾语），jumping（介宾），tramplines（介宾），都不能充当其主语。又因为这个谓语动词是被动，结合其词意，只能判定其主语是 shrt vides。所以提示词 shw，只能充当非谓语。使用三步式解题：1）其逻辑主语是 shrt vides；2）shw 一般做“显示”词意时，用主动；3）而和主句的谓语动词 upladed
2
比较，不能在其之后，所以选择使用 shwing 做后置定语。翻译为“那些显示人们在彩色蹦床上蹦来蹦去获得欢乐的短视频，被频繁上传到社交媒体上。”故正确答案是shwing。
5.
【答案】where
【解析】本题考查定语从句；空格处无提示词，并且后面是一个句子，考虑是从句。因为前面是非谓语做状语，并且存在一系列名词可以充当先行词，如 sccer，basketball， tennis， any ther cmpetitive sprts, 本空格所在句子是完整的（主谓）， 需要填写 的是状语部分。 所以填写 where，等同于 in which，翻译为“在这些运动中，各种各样的伤害时不时发生”。故正确答案是 where。
6.
【答案】safer
【解析】 本题考查形容词；提示词 safe 为形容词，位置处于 is 后，考虑词性为形容词，且有 relatively 修饰，词意为“相对地”，所以，使用比较级。翻译为“蹦床相对安全”，故正确答案是 safer。
C
A new reprt shws that China’s urban pet cnsumer market (7) (expect) t break thrugh the 200 billin yuan threshld this year. Yung peple in big cities are the main cntributrs.
Nwadays, with the cst f living rising, yung peple (8) (suffer) frm greater lneliness and pressure. They are busy wrking all day in a cmpetitive envirnment, leaving little time fr fun and friends. That may explain (9)
mreandmreyungpeplearechsingtkeeppets(10)
cmpaninship. Apart frm relieving lneliness, many scientific studies have shwn that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even imprve verall health.
3
7.
【答案】is expected
【解析】 本题考查谓语动词；提示词expect 为动词，考虑谓语动词或者非谓语动词， 由于前面 China’s urban pet cnsumer market，可以充当 expect 的主语，所以判定expect 做谓语。另外，expect 这个词，be expected t 意为“预料；预计”，翻译为 “中国城市宠物消费市场预计今年将突破 2000 亿门槛。”故正确答案是 is expected。8.
【答案】are suffering
【解析】 本题考查谓语动词；提示词 suffer 是动词，且句中没有谓语动词,所以判定suffer 做谓语。本句有自己的时间提示词 nwadays，判定时态是现在时，且根据句意确定为现在进行时；语态为主动；主语为 yung peple 复数（可以结合下句 they 判定）。故正确答案是 are suffering。
9.
【答案】 why
【解析】 本题考查名从；空格处无提示词。空格处是一个句子，且处于 may explain 后，所以判定为宾语从句。句子结构完整，且根据句意“那可以解释（为什么）越来越 多的年轻人选择宠物做伴”。故正确答案是 why。
10.
【答案】 fr
【解析】 本题考查介词；空格处无提示词，位置处于名词 pets 和 cmpaninship 之间。只能考虑连词或者介词。根据句意“养宠物做伴”。故正确答案是 fr。
4
第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was 11 when I asked my mum fr pian lessns. We were in an ecnmic crisis and she’d recently been (11) ff. She said a plite “n”.
That didn’t (12) me. I drew a keybard nt a piece f paper and stuck it n my desk. I wuld (13) ntes n an nline keybard and “play” them back n my paper ne—keeping the sund they made n the cmputer in my head. I spent six mnths playing withut (14) a real
pian. As my mum fund I was (15) abut it, she bught me 10
lessns with brrwed mney.
I still remember the first ne. I was (16) by hw rganic the
sund f the pian was, as I had becme familiar with the (17)
electrnic sund. The teacher was trying t explain where middle C was, but I culd (18) play all the majr and minr scales.
I (19) my grade ne after eight lessns and gt distinctin. By the time I started secndary schl, we culdn’t (20) lessns again, s I returned t my paper keybard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practising nly n my piece f paper.
Fr the grades abve that, there’s an (21) that yu add a certain sensitivity int yur playing. The music teacher at my schl said I culd practise n the schl’s grand pian. I wuld wake up at 5:30 am t get there in time and play until lessns started. I’d (22) lunch and then practise after schl until the caretaker kicked me ut. At hme, I’d have dinner, d
5
three hurs f revisin, and then (23) practice until 1:00 am.
My schl didn’t ffer music A-level. I fund the Purcell Schl fr yung
musicians. The auditin ( 试镜) was extremely (24), and I felt
verwhelmed. T my amazement, I was ffered a (25).
IhadbeentldIhadstartedplayingt (26)treach
cnservatire (音乐学院) level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senir pian prize. That was the pint when I realized I wasn’t behind everyne else. I am nw at the Guildhall Schl in Lndn, where I was ffered a schlarship.
I feel (27): It’s been 10 years since I drew my paper pian and I’m at ne f the wrld’s (28) cnservatires.
The irny is that I cntinue t d a lt f my practice away frm the pian— what we call mental practice. It (29) key areas f the mind that are less readily accessed by pian playing alne. The paper pian helped stimulate my (30) abut hw music wrks.
6
7
11. A. laid
B. pushedC. drpped
D. kncked
12. A. anny
B. btherC. embarrass
D. discurage
13. A. take
B. signC. click
D. cmpse
14. A. seeing
B. tuchingC. enjying
D. chsing
15. A. serius
B. carefulC. hesitant
D. nervus
16. A. struck
B. puzzledC. cmfrted
D. inspired
17. A. natural
B. artificialC. practical
D. magical
18. A. nly
B. stillC. hardly
D. already
19. A. sat
B. jinedC. failed
D. repeated
20. A. ffer
B. teachC. affrd
D. bserve
21. A. attitude
B. expectatinC. pinin
D. pprtunity
22. A. avid
B. missC. save
D. skip
23. A. scial
B. mentalC. mechanical
D. physical
24. A. fascinating
B. mtivatingC. frightening
D. challenging
25. A. curse
B. rewardC. place
D. certificate
26. A. sn
B. lateC. hurriedly
D. suddenly
27. A. prud
B. luckyC. ambitius
D. grateful
28. A. grand
B. strictC. leading
D. expensive
29. A. builds
B. cversC. defines
D. unlcks
30. A. predictin
B. memryC. curisity
D. imaginatin
11.
【答案】A
【解析】本题是动词题；根据前文中“ecnmic crisis ”可知作者家中经济困难，妈妈近期被解雇（lay ff）。其余选项含义为：push ff（推迟，离开），drp ff（减少）， knck ff（击倒）；故正确答案是 A。
12.
【答案】D
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据后一句“I drew a key nt a pieces f paper and stuck it n my desk”，可知作者并没有气馁（discurage）。其余选项含义为：anny（惹恼，惹怒）， bther（打扰，烦扰），embarrass（使尴尬）；故正确答案是 D。
13.
【答案】C
【解析】本题是动词题；根据句意动宾搭配可知作者点击（click）音符。其余选项含义为：take（带来），sign（签署），cmpse（作曲）；故正确答案是 C。
14.
【答案】B
【解析】本题是动词题；由于前文“play them back n my paper ne”可知我这六个月没有触碰（tuching）一个真正的钢琴。其余选项含义为：seeing（看到），enjying
（享受），chsing（选择）；故正确答案是 B。 15.
【答案】A
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据前文“I spent six mnths playing withut tuching a real pian”以及后文“she bught me 10 lessns with brrwed mney”可知妈妈发现我对弹钢琴是很认真的（serius）。其余选项含义为：careful（仔细的），hesitant（犹豫的），nervus（紧张的）；故正确答案是 A。
16.
【答案】A
【解析】本题是动词题；根据句意可知我仍然记得第一次弹钢琴时，我被钢琴声所
8
打动（struck）。其余选项含义为：puzzled（使困惑），cmfrted（安慰，安抚），inspired
（激发，鼓舞）；故正确答案是 A。 17.
【答案】B
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据前文“I drew a keybard nt a piece f paper”和“and “play” them back n my paper ne”可知之前我弹的琴都是伪造的（artificial）音乐声。其余选项含义为：natural（自然的），practical（实际的），magical（有魔力的）；故正确答案是 B。
18.
【答案】D
【解析】本题是副词题；根据句意可知老师一直尝试给我解释 C 大调在哪里，但是我已经（already）可以演奏所有的大调和小调了。其余选项含义为：nly（仅仅），still
（仍然）， hardly（几乎不）；故正确答案是 D。 19.
【答案】A
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据句意可知，根据句意可知，我参加一级考试，sit 可有参加考试之意。其余选项含义为：jin（参加），faild（失败），repeated（重复）；故正确答案是 A。
20.
【答案】C
【解析】本题是动词题；根据后文“I returned t my paper keybard”可知我们无法
再一次支付得起（affrd）课程了。其余选项含义为：ffe（r
（观察）；故正确答案是 C。 21.
提供），teach（教授），bserve
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据上文，我通过 paper pian 逐渐取得了成功，上一段最后一句中关键词“nly”，表明我想练习真正的钢琴。根据本句，期望在演凑中加入敏感性或者理解，选择 expectatin。其余选项含义为：attitude（态度），pprtunity（机
9
会），pinin（观点）；故正确答案是 B。 22.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题是动词题；文章句意的理解，我跳过午饭，然后去练习直到看门的人让我出去。所以选择 skip。其余选项含义为：avid（避免），miss（错过），save（节省）；故正确答案是 D。
23.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是形容词题，根据上文，我现在已经到了家里，没有钢琴，所以选择mental。其余选项含义为：scial（社会的），mechanical（机械的），physical（物理的，身体的）；故正确答案是 B。
24.
【答案】D
【解析】本题是形容词题；根据下句“and I felt verwhelmed.”可知，我的感觉是不知所措的，不堪重负的，所以选 challenging。其余选项含义为：fascinating（迷人的）， mtivating (鼓舞的），frighting（令人恐惧的）；故正确答案是 D。
25.
【答案】C
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据本句“T my amazement”,说明与前文转折， I was ffered a place ,表示我被录取了。其余选项含义为：curse（课程），reward（回报，报酬），certificate（证书）；故正确答案是 C。
26.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是副词题；根据前文，我是 11 岁才开始学习钢琴，比较晚，所以选择late。其余选项含义为：sn（快地），hurriedly（匆忙地），suddenly（突然地）；故正确答案是 B。
27.
【答案】A
10
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据上文，我收到了奖学金，根据下文，我现在处于世界顶级音乐学院，表明作者对此事的满意和骄傲，选 prud,其余选项含义为：lucky（幸运的），ambitius（有雄心的），grateful（感谢的）；故正确答案是 A。
28.
【答案】C
【解析】本题是形容词题；根据本句，我现在处于世界领先的音乐学院，所以选leading。其余选项含义为：grand（宏伟的），strict（严格的），expensive（昂贵的）；故正确答案是 C。
29.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据句意，它打开了大脑中那些不太容易被钢琴触及的区域，选择 unlcks.其余选项含义为：build（建立），cver（覆盖），define（定义）；故正确答案是 D。
30.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据本句这有利于激发我对音乐如何运作的好奇心。其余选项含义为：predictin（预报，预言），memry（记忆），imaginatin（想象力）；故正确答案是 C。
11
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What are sme f yur favrite memries f the University?
In preparatin fr each fall’s 50th reunin, members f the milestne class are asked t recall campus memries fr an annual Memry Bk.
Here’s a small selectin f sme memries frm the Class f 1969.
Phyllis J Baunach
“... I cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stacks. We did everything by hand! But the jys f ideas cming t life and understanding thrny cncepts are priceless.
Additinally, I cannt frget the jyful hurs f C-Kast rehearsals fr student- written-and-directed plays, and the thrill f audiences’ respnses t ur effrts. Nr will I ever frget taking vice lessns at the Eastman Schl f Music. This curse gave me cnfidence t try new musical appraches and t think n my feet.”
Paul Behm
“... many sweet and lasting memries—five feet f deep snw, getting stranded n the Thruway, music at Hylie Mrris’s Alley, and f curse, I met my wife f 48 years, Ellen Blazer Behm frm the Class f 1972, when she was a freshman and I was a
senir. As a five-year chemical engineering majr, I had ne elective t spare, and Ellen said, ‘Hw abut ceangraphy?’ S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi (the famus climate scientist), which awakened my envirnmental juices,
12
and changed my prfessinal directin.”
Farel Vella McClure
“... I truly lved my fur undergraduate years at the University f Rchester. In fact, I lved it s much that I stayed an extra year t get a master’s degree! I was very frtunate t have been ttally immersed in student life n campus. My memries include campaigning and winning a seat n the student gvernment during my freshman year. Other memries include the Susan B. Anthny banquet, and sleeping in the cmfy chairs in the library. I was als privileged t be selected as a student representative n the design team fr the new Wilsn Cmmns. I. M. Pei, the famus architect wh designed the Luvre Pyramid, was the architect fr Wilsn Cmmns. We even visited his ffices in New Yrk t see the ‘master’ at wrk.”
13
Accrding t the passage, Paul Behm .
married Ellen Blazer in 1972
disliked his majr in university
became a famus climate scientist later
discvered his interest in envirnmental science
31.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据文章第五段最后一句可知，Paul Behm 报名了海洋学作为自己的选修课，且原文中的“awakened my envirnmental juices”与 D 选项中的 discvered his interest 相对应，故正确答案是 D。
What can we learn abut Farel Vella McClure?
She was a wrld-famus designer.
She was active in schl activities.
She had a hard time getting her master’s.
She nce met I. M. Pei at the Luvre Pyramid.
32.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查推理判断；根据文章第六段可知，Farel 回顾了自己在大学生活时的种种事情，包括参加运动、学生会、宴会、作为设计队的学生代表、参观 I.M. Pei 的办公室等，说明了她在大学活动中非常活跃，故正确答案是 B。
14
The three peple all talked abut .
A. their belved prfessrsB. their great friendship
C. their learning experiencesD. their beautiful campus
33.
【答案】C
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；题目问“三个人全都谈论到的是什么”。根据文章Phyllis J Baunach 的回忆“…I cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stack.”，第五段 Paul Behm 的回忆“S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi…”，以及第六段 Farel Vella MeClure 的回忆“In fact, I lved it s much that I stayed an extra year t get a master’s degree!”可知，三个人全都谈论到了“他们的学习经历”，故正确答案是 C。
15
B
Early February, I was flying up t Ohi. Well prepared, I had everything in my favur—fuel fr five hurs, charts in rder, my flight plan n my lap, and a beautiful clear sky.
I was wrng.
I had heard abut Alberta Clippers cming ut f Canada. I knew all abut them— hw an entire air mass was streaming alng at ver sixty miles an hur.
That mrning, the Weather Briefer infrmed me that an Alberta Clipper was ging ver Chicag abut the time I gt t the airprt. Chicag was sme 400 miles frm my destinatin—nt a factr, r s I thught. That was the first hint I missed.
The cntrller called and asked if I wanted t adjust my flight plan. I did the check
and everything was in the green. S I tld him n. Twenty minutes later the cntrller called again asking whether I wanted t adjust my flight plan. I checked everything. All was fine. I ignred that hint. I was fled by the smth air and limited experience with a rapidly mving air mass that was nt changing vilently. The Alberta Clipper was clipping alng.
The first blast f turbulence(气流) struck my plane. I gt slammed int the rf,
and then slammed sideways hitting the windw with such frce up my nse that I started bleeding.
After a 2-hur flight f 100 miles, I realized fuel was nw an issue. S was landing.
I called Flight Fllwing. We figured ut the airprt I culd land.
The engine stpped. S did my heart. There is n quiet as quietly stunning as this ne at such an altitude. I had run ut f fuel in the left tank, and nly a little in my right tank. The engine quit fr a secnd time. I declared an emergency. I was tld that I
16
might get anther few minutes f fuel if I gently banked the airplane. Luckily, it wrked. Then, the engine quit fr the last time. I was a glider nw. I made a lng lazy spiral descent. Dwn I went. I stpped at the very end f the runway.
I made s many mistakes, missed s many clues, and shwed my ignrance s much that I beat myself up ver and ver again in my mind. I learned textbk descriptins f Alberta Clippers and real-life experience with ne are ttally different. I will never frget the sund f that silence.
I flew hme the next day. Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky.
17
We can knw frm the passage that Alberta Clippers .
can bring snwstrms
are quick-mving air masses
are vilently changing air pressure
can lead t a sudden temperature drp
34.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据文章第三段第 2 句可知，被称为 Alberta Clipper
的冷空气气旋以每小时超过 60 英里的速度流动。故正确答案是 B。
What mainly led t the authr’s missing all the hints?
His lack f flying experience.
His pr preparatin fr the jurney.
His misjudgement abut the air mass.
His vercnfidence in his pilting skills.
35.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据文章第四段最后一句话和第五段倒数第 2 句和倒数第 3 句可知，我忽略了指挥员的多次暗示，被平稳的空气气流以及变化不明显的空气质量所愚弄了。故正确答案是 C。
18
Which is the right rder f the event?
I declared an emergency.
My airplane was running ut f fuel.
I insisted n carrying n my flight plan.
I was thrwn t the rf by the vilent air mass.
I slightly banked my airplane and made a landing.
A. dcbeaB. dcebaC. cdabeD. cdbae
36.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据整篇文章事件发生的先后顺序和前五段，可知第一个事件是 c,我坚持我的飞行计划；根据文章第六段第 2 句话，可知第二个事件是 d, 我被摔到了机舱内顶部；根据文章第八段第 4 句话，可知第三个事件是 b,飞机燃料用光了；根据文章第八段第 6 句话，可知第四个事件是 a,我宣布了紧急救助；根据文章第 8 段第 7 句话可知第五个事件是 e，我轻微地倾斜飞行然后着陆。故正确答案是
D。
19
The passage describe .
a rewarding training
a narrw escape
a painful explratin
a serius accident
37.
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查文章主旨；A 选项意为“一次有益的训练”，B 选项意为“一次死里逃生”，C 选项意为“一次痛苦的探索”,D 选项意为“一个严重的事故”，整篇文章讲述了一个飞行员在飞行途中遭遇冷空气气旋，最后克服重重困难并使飞机成功着陆的故事；故正确答案是 B。
20
C
There is certainly evidence that actrs experience a blending f their real self with their assumed characters. Fr instance, Benedict Cumberbatch said, "My mum says I’m much mre impatient with her when I'm filming Sherlck. "
Mark Setn, a researcher at the University f Sydney, has even cined the term "pst-dramatic stress disrder" t describe the lasting effects experienced by actrs wh lse themselves in a rle. "Actrs may ften prlng habits f the characters they have embdied," he writes.
A recent finding desn't invlve acting, and it indicates that merely spending sme time thinking abut anther persn seemed t rub ff n the vlunteers' sense f self,
led by Meghan Meyer at Princetn University. Acrss several studies, these researchers asked vlunteers t first rate their wn persnalities, memries r physical attributes, and then t perfrm the same task frm the perspective f anther persn. Fr instance, they might scre the emtinality f varius persnal memries, and then rate hw a friend r relative wuld have experienced thse same events.
After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the cnsistent finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed—their self-scres had shifted t becme mre similar t thse they'd given fr smene else. Fr instance, if they had initially said the trait term "cnfident" was nly mderately related t themselves and then rated the term as being strngly related t a friend's persnality, when they came t rescre themselves, they nw tended t see
themselves as mre cnfident. Remarkably, this mrphing f the self with anther was still apparent even if a 24-hur gap was left between taking smene else's perspective and re-rating neself.
21
"By simply thinking abut anther persn, we may adapt ur self t take the shape f that persn," said Meyer and her clleagues. That ur sense f self shuld have this quality might be a little discuraging, especially fr anyne wh has struggled t establish a firm sense f identity. Yet there is an ptimistic message here, t. The challenge f imprving urselves—r at least seeing urselves in a mre psitive
light—might be a little easier than we thught. By rleplaying r acting ut the kind f
persn we wuld like t becme, r merely by thinking abut and spending time with peple wh embdy the kind f attributes we wuld like t see in urselves, we can find that ur sense f self changes in desirable ways.
"As each f us chses wh t befriend, wh t mdel, and wh t ignre, " write Meyer and her clleagues, "we must make these decisins aware f hw they shape nt nly the fabric f ur scial netwrks, but even ur sense f wh we are. "
22
The first tw paragraphs mainly .
state that acting requires skills
explain the stress that an actr faces
shw that a rle leaves a mark n the actr
stress the imprtance f devting neself t a rle
38.
【答案】C
【解析】 本题考查段落主旨，根据文章第一段第一句 There is certainly evidence that actrs experience a blending f their real self with their assumed characters，以及第二段结尾句：Actrs may ften prlng habits f the characters they have embdied," 可知演员会受到自己所参演角色的影响，并且这种影响会很持久，故正确答案是 C。
What des the underlined phrase "rub ff n" in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
Influence.
Strengthen.
Cnfuse.
Determine.
39.
【答案】 A
【解析】本题考查猜词题，通过文章第四段前两句 After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the cnsistent finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed—their self-scres had shifted t becme mre similar t thse they'd given fr smene else 可知，志愿者对于自己的认知受到了第三方的影响；故正确答案是 A。
23
Accrding t the study, taking the perspective f anther persn .
brings changes t ne's self-knwledge
mtivates ne t better understand himself
helps peple deal with their identity prblems
prduces temprary effects n ne's character
40.
【答案】A
【解析】 本题考查细节题；根据文章第 4 段“After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the cnsistent finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed – their self-scres had shifted t becme mre similar t thse they’d given fr smene else.”可知志愿者的自我认知受到了第三方的影响，进一步发生了改变 。故正确答案是 A。
What is the significance f the study?
It ffers instructins n making friends.
It prpses a means t imprve urselves.
It gives advice n adjusting ne's emtins.
It presents a way t deal with stress disrder.
41.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查主旨题；通过文章倒数第二段 Yet there is an ptimistic message here, t. The challenge f imprving urselves—r at least seeing urselves in a mre psitive light—might be a little easier 可知通过这项研究我们可以知道改变自己并不是很困难的事情，进一步可以对我们自身进行提升 。故正确答案是 B。
24
D
In cllege, I was taught an elegant thery f chemical cmbinatin based n excess electrns ging int hles in the rbital shell f a neighburing atm. But what abut diatmic cmpunds like xygen gas? Dn’t ask; students aren’t ready t knw. In physics, in bilgy, in any ther science classes, students frequently get that answer t.
It’s time t trust students t handle dubt and diversity in science. Actually, students are starting t act. They have shamed their senirs int including mre diverse cntributrs as faculty members and rle mdels. Yung schlars rudely ask their superirs why they fail t address the extinctin crises clarified by their research. The inherited authritarian plitical structures f science educatin are becming lame—
—but still remain largely unchanged frm the ld schl days.
A narrw, rigid educatin des nt prepare anyne fr the cmplexities f scientific research, applicatins and plicy. If we discurage students frm inquiring int the real nature f scientific truths, r explring hw sciety shapes the questins that researchers ask, hw can we prepare them t maintain public trust in science in ur “pst-truth” wrld? Diversity and dubt prduce creativity; we must make rm fr them, and stp guiding future scientists int narrw specialties that value technique ver thught.
In science, even fundatinal building blcks can be questined. The unifying patterns f the peridic table are nw questined under clser examinatin. Sme scientists nw wnder whether the cncept f bilgical “species” cntributes mre cnfusin than insight, and whether it shuld therefre be abandned. Hwever, such a decisin wuld affect cnservatin plicy, in which identificatin f endangered
25
species is crucial——s it is nt just an issue fr basic science.
Science students generally remain unaware that cncepts such as elements and species are cntested r are even cntestable. In schl, cllege and beynd, curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective. Public arguments amng scientists ften presume that every prblem has just ne slutin.
Nnetheless, uncertain advice n cmplex issues shuld be a warning that, frm a future perspective, tday’s ttal scientific cnsensus n sme plicy issue might have been the result f stubbrnness, a cnflict f interest r wrse. Just as a healthy demcracy accmmdates dissent and dissnance, the cllective cnsciusness f science wuld d well t embrace dubt and diversity. This culd start with teaching science as a great, flawed, nging human achievement, rather than as a cllectin f cut-and-dried eternal (永久的) truths.
I recall a legendary chemistry prfessr wh was nt skilful at getting classrm
demnstratins t wrk——but discussing what went wrng helped his students t thrive. A mathematician friend let pupils discuss every statement in the textbk until all were satisfied. They did very well in exams, and taught themselves when he was absent. Treating peple at all levels as cmmitted thinkers, whse asking teaches us all, is the key t tackling the challenges t science in the pst-trust age.
26
The prblem f current science training is that .
students cannt becme specialists
it ges against established science educatin
students lse trust in their teachers and prfessrs
it fails t prvide students with what they need in future
42.
【答案】D
【解析】 本题为推断题；根据文章第三段最后一句“Diversity and dubt prduce creativity; we must make rm fr them, and stp guiding future scientists int narrw specialties that value technique ver thught.” 意为“多样性和怀疑产生创造力;我们必须为学生们腾出空间，停止引导未来的科学家进入重视技术而非思想的狭窄专业” 和 D 选项 “当前的科学训练的问题是不能给学生提供他们未来所需要的东西”表达内容一致，故正确答案是 D。
The peridic table is mentined t prve that .
even the widely accepted can be challenged
students are generally ignrant f science
mst previus researchers are ut f date
science has been develping with time
43.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题为推断题；根据题干中 “peridic table” 可以定位至文章第四段。根据第四段首句 “In science, even fundatinal building blcks can be questined.”， 可以得知 “在科学中，即使是最基本的构成要素也会受到质疑”，和 A 选项“被广泛接受
27
的内容也可以被质疑”表达内容一致，故正确答案是 A。
It can be learnt frm the passage that .
students may be mre innvative if they are allwed t dubt
science students d nt cntest elements r species
students shuld nt trust established science
diversity prevents prgress in science
44.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题为推断题；根据文章第三段 “Diversity and dubt prduce creativity.” 可以得知 A 选项“如果允许学生持怀疑态度，他们可能会更具有创造力”是正确的； 根据文章第五段“Science students generally remain unaware that cncepts such as elements and species are cntested r are even cntestable”可知理科生不知道元素和物种等概念是被争议的，而不是不争议元素或物种，故 B 选项错误；C 选项“学生不应该相信已经建立的科学”，文章中意为学生应该抱有质疑态度，而不是不相信，故 C 选项错误；D 选项“多样性组织了科学中的进步”和作者态度相反，文章对多样性持鼓励态度，故 D 选项错误。故正确答案是 A。
28
Which f the fllwing statements best represents the writer’s pinin?
Our curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective.
Science shuld be a cllectin f cut-and-dried eternal truths.
Teachers shuld treat peple at all levels as cmmitted thinkers.
The cncept f bilgical species brings mre cnfusin than insight.
45.
【答案】C
【解析】本题为复杂细节题；A 选项定位到文章倒数第三段“In schl, cllege and beynd, curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective.”可知选项中缺少范围限制，故 A 选项错误；B 选项定位到文章“This culd start with teaching science as a great, flawed, nging human achievement, rather than as a cllectin f cut-and- dried eternal truths.”根据“rather than”可知选项和原文意思相反，故 B 选项错误；C 选项定位到文章“Treating peple at all levels as cmmitted thinkers”和选项内容一致； D 选项定位到文章中第四段“Sme scientists nw wnder whether the cncept f bilgical "species" cntributes mre cnfusin than insight” 中的“wnder whether” 可知 D 选项错误。故正确答案是 C。
29
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Is there a link between scial media and depressin? D scial media have a negative impact n yur mental health? It’s cmplicated.
In a recent study, the investigatrs cmpared scial media use and depressin between teens. (46) Specifically, fr every hur per day that ne teen spent n scial media mre than her peers, she likely had a 0.64-pint higher depressin scre.
A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types f scial media users. The finding was that “prblematic scial media use” was ne f the main themes fr peple whse mental health was affected by scial media. Yu can have alchl in yur life withut it being a prblem, r yur alchl use may becme prblematic. (47)
There’s ne imprtant thing t remember abut survey research——just because
tw things happen tgether, it’s nt necessarily true that ne causes the ther.
(48) Fr all we knw, it culd be that peple wh are already mre depressed chse t spend mre time n scial media.
(49) If yu think that we shuldn’t paint scial media with ne brad brush, yu’re n the right track. On the ne hand, participants ften described scial media as a valuable way t cpe with stress. On the ther hand, cyberbullying via scial media was als a cmmn experience fr participants. Sme als said that cnstantly checking their wn scial media prfile was stressful.
It’s certainly pssible that experiences like cyberbullying, cmparing yurself t
30
idealized images, and cnstantly mnitring yur prfile, are bad fr yur md. It’s als true fr many that scial media ffer cmmunity supprt and psitive messages. Given the incnclusive research, it’s safe t say that at least we shuldn’t write ff
scial media altgether. (50) Anyway, yu cannt use it as a crutch fr
cping with ther stressrs and mental health prblems.
It’s the same with scial media.
Scial media can be a duble-edged swrd.
Peple get mre pininated abut the ptential prblems f scial media.
They fund that thse wh used scial media mre had higher depressin scres.
They reviewed all existing research and fund that there were bth benefits and drawbacks.
The key t benefiting frm scial media may lie in using it in mderatin and staying scially cnnected.
Fr example, just because higher scial media use c-ccurs with higher levels f depressin desn’t mean scial media use causes depressin.
31
【答案】D
【解析】挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空后一句；考查方式：承接上文。空前句表明，“在最近的研究中，调查者比较了在青少年中社交媒体的使用和抑郁之间的关系”， D 选项含义“他们发现使用社交媒体更多的人有更高的抑郁分数”，上一句出现了investigatrs 复数的人，选项中的 they 代指上文可以确定 D 和 E 选项，结合句意 D 选项符合上文所说内容。因此，D 选项与前句形成承接，故正确答案是 D。
【答案】A
【解析】挖空方式：段尾空；解题语句：空前一句；考查方式：承接上文。空前一句表明，“在你的生活中有酒精可能不会成为问题，或者酒精的使用会成为问题”。这句话使用例子来阐述两者之间的关系，结合段落大意，可知 这一点在社交媒体中也是适用， 选项 A 中的 it 指代前面一句话，且符合段落主旨。A 选项含义：“它与社交媒体是一样
的。故正确答案是 A。
【答案】 G
【解析】 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前空后一句；考查方式：承接上文，引出下文。第四段第一句“两件事情一起发生，并不一定意味着一个导致另一个””，接下来 就是解释说明，即 G 选项“例如，仅仅因为更多地社交媒体的使用与高水平的抑郁同
时发生，并不意味着社交媒体的使用引起抑郁”。故正确答案是 G。
32
49
【答案】B
【解析】 挖空方式：段首空；解题语句：空后句；考查方式：总起全段。空位于段首， 常为总起句，因此应选择概括性选项，而避免描述具体细节的选项。C 选项中“社交媒体可能是双刃剑”，之后全段也是针对社交媒体优缺点的进一步描述。故正确答案是 B。
50.
【答案】 F
【解析】 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前一句，空后一句；考查方式：承上启下， 空前一句肯定社交媒体的存在的合理性，含义“至少我们不应该把社交媒体都取消
了”。意思是合理使用社交媒体而不是过渡使用，这符合 F 选项所表达的意思“从社交媒体受益的好处就在于适度并且保持社交连接”，因此公司不要把社交媒体当成拐杖去处理负面情绪。故正确答案是 F。
33
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国朋友 Jim 得知你对探月感兴趣，发来邮件和你讨论该话题。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
月亮在中国文化中的寓意；
你对人类探月活动的看法。
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：探月 mn explratin
Dear Jim,
Yurs, Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
34
本篇作文是一篇介绍信，内容要求针对美国好友关于“探月”的讨论做出回复。体现了 “以情景任务为重要依托，以语言能力为主要推动力，以学以致用为直接导向，以核心 素养为最终目标”的命题理念。首段需体现交际感，对于通信好友可表达问候，得知其 对于探月的兴趣并积极予以回复；中间围绕要点进行展开，说明月亮在中国文化中的寓 意，阐明自己对于人类探月活动的看法；结尾期待对方反馈，表达希望和对方进一步讨 论等。除了基本的内容要点之外，还需要学生开放性的构思，结合实际生活经验进行要 点的延伸。建议考生平时加强构思训练，掌握应用文写作的层次，以合理的逻辑和结构 完成写作。语言方面，建议选择实用的词汇，做到准确简洁。
35
【范文】
Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging these days? Having received yur letter abut the mn explratin, I’m mre than jubilant t have a discussin with yu.
The mn has large quantities f implied meanings in Chinese culture. In the eyes f idyllic, ptimistic and pen-minded peple, the image f the mn has becme a symbl f elegance and leisure. The rund shape f the mn als symblizes family reunin. In China, n the 15th day f the 8th mnth f the lunar calendar, the mn in full and it is a big day fr us t enjy the full mn and the hurs f the family gatherings. I raise my eyes t the mn, bw my heads and think f hme. Bright mn, when did yu appear? Lifting my wine, I questin the dark night sky. These pems, which are everlasting in the histry f literature, tell us the literati’s infinite yearning fr hmetwn, relatives and friends. Besides, the mn implies the eternity f time and space, which cnveys hw shrt and small life is. It indeed is an eternal witness t the vicissitudes f the wrld.
Frm my perspective f view, the mn explratin is f great significance t mankind. In Octber 2007 and Octber 2010, China successfully launched Chang 'e- 1, the first lunar prbe satellite, and Chang 'e-2, the technlgical leader f the secnd phase f its lunar explratin prgram, respectively, ranking amng the cuntries with deep space explratin capabilities. Initially, the lunar explratin prject will make preparatins fr the explitatin and utilizatin f lunar resurces by human beings. What’s mre, it can prmte the in-depth bservatin and research f space astrnmy. Last but nt the least, the mn explratin prject, I believe, inspires yung peple, like yu and me, t study hard and make cntributins t the cuntry.
36
What d yu think f my views? Drp me a line at yur cnvenience. I’m lking frward t yur earliest reply and sincerely invite yu t have the Mid-Autumn Festival with me this year.
Yurs, Li Hua
37
第二节 （20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记， 记述你确定大学志愿的过程。
注意：词数不少于 60。
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
38
今年海淀一模主要以确定大学志愿为主题，既贴合考生们的日常生活，又紧跟当下热点：新时代青年要担当时代责任。四幅图的要点分别是“讨论大学专业”，“在网上查询信息”，“观看新闻联播：时代担当”，“决定大学志愿”。考生首先要注意审图， 切忌审错、审漏图内的要点和细节；第二，在保证要点齐全的前提下,适当添加细节， 注意情节的连贯性，同时关注文章开篇概括内容、结尾主题升华。第三，文章中要体现句式的多样性、以及用词的准确性和丰富性。在适当增加长难句时，需要对非谓语动词、 三大从句及特殊句式进行灵活运用。另外，写完之后要注意检查，避免低级语法错误和单词拼写错误。
39
【范文】
Last week, I made ne f life's mst mmentus decisins, which prved t be a meaningful experience.
When having dinner with my parents ne day, I brught up the subject n my majr t study. We had a deep discussin abut it, where my parents ffered practical suggestins and encuraged me t d what I really wanted t. With sme thughts in mind, I decided t lk fr further infrmatin.
In the fllwing days, I buried myself in an nline search fr universities and majrs suitable fr me. Chsing a cllege majr was s hard—yu needed t be clear abut yur strengths and weaknesses, figure ut what yu might be interested in pursuing, and set a relatively specific career gal. A whle week passed, yet I still culd nt cme up with an idea.
In the end, a TV prgram inspired me. On May 4th, Yuth Day, Netwrk News Bradcast presented a 2-hur special, which appealed t China’s yung peple t fster strng ideals and build up capabilities t shulder the respnsibilities in the new era. Sitting n the sfa, with my parents beside me, I culdn’t help thinking f the peple frm all walks f life fr their respnse t the COVID-19 fight, whse sincerity and dedicatin shwed the keen sense f respnsibility. It was then that I tld my parents that I was determined t majr in preventive medicine, fr I wanted t devte myself t the curse f natin develpment. On hearing that, bth my parents gave me their thumbs-up, smiles n their faces.
The future f the natin lies in the yuth. Nw, I am full f enthusiasm and mtivatin t wrk even harder in the rest f my high schl life, and in the time ahead.
40