安徽省马鞍山市2021届高三一模英语试题+Word版含解析.

这是一份安徽省马鞍山市2021届高三一模英语试题+Word版含解析.，共21页。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔作答。答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman plan t d fr the weekend?
A. G ut fr a hike. B. D sme reading. C. Clean the balcny.
2. Why did the wman meet the man?
A. T brrw his cmputer. B. T ask him fr help. C. T apply fr a jb.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a htel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a theater.
4. Wh will begin the lecture?
A. Dr. White. B. Prf. Black. C. Dr. Brwn.
5. What des the wman mean?
A. She hates ging n a picnic.
B. She’s wrried abut the weather.
C. She needs t buy sme fd.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the man like best abut the earphnes?
A. The gd quality. B. The lw price. C. The special clr.
7. Hw much will the man pay fr the earphnes?
A. 50 dllars. B. 45 dllars. C. 40 dllars.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 Why did the wman g t Vienna?
A. T take a business trip. B. T lk after her mther. C. T visit an amusement park.
9. When is the man ging t Prater with his daughter?
A. This Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. Next Mnday.
听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。
10 What is the man speaker prbably?
A. A pliceman. B. A bank clerk. C. A receptinist.
11. Which f the fllwing was marked?
A. The ring. B. The handbag. C. The laptp.
12. What d we knw abut the wman’s husband?
A. He wrks in a lcal bank.
B. He desn’t knw what happened.
C. He is n his way back frm America.
听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 16题。
13. Hw lng has the wman been in New Yrk?
A. Over ten years. B. Over six years. C. Abut tw mnths.
14. Why des the man want t leave New Yrk?
A. T g t cllege. B. T change his life. C. T attend a party.
15. Where was the man brn?
A. In New Yrk. B. In Phenix. C. In Michigan.
16. What is the prbable relatinship between the man and Betty?
A. Friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where des the speaker live?
A. In an apartment ff campus.
B. At hme with his parents.
C. In a drmitry n campus.
18. What d we knw abut the machines in a Laundrmat?
A. They are small in number. B. They are slw t run. C. They are easy t perate.
19. What can students d in a Laundrmat?
A. D exercise. B. Buy meals. C. Make cffee.
20. What des the speaker think f ding laundry in a Laundrmat?
A. It can be very stressful. B. It can be a waste f time. C. It can be a scial activity.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
While sme custms like setting ff firewrks and cunting dwn the last few secnds seem universal, many cuntries have their wn unique New Year’s Eve traditins.
Denmark: Break plates
A Danish traditin is t thrw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbr’s frnt drs. It’s a bit f a ppularity cntest as the bigger the pile f brken china is the next mrning, the mre friends and gd luck yu’ll have in the cming year.
Germany: Puring lead
In Germany, peple melt small pieces f lead in a spn ver a candle, then pur the liquid int cld water. The shapes frm the lead puring are suppsed t reveal what the year ahead will bring. If the lead frms a ball, luck will rll ne’s way, while the shape f a crwn means wealth; a crss means death and a star will bring happiness.
Spain: Twelve grapes f luck
In Spain, ne New Year’s traditin is t eat 12 grapes, ne fr each mnth f the cming year, t secure prsperity (繁荣). Yu need t eat ne grape with each bell strike at midnight. The traditin dates frm 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea t sell mre grapes after an exceptinal harvest.
Philippines: Rund fd, rund clthes, rund everything
In the Philippines, the start f the new year is all abut the mney. The lcals believe that surrunding themselves with rund things (t represent cins) will bring mney r frtune. As a result, clthes with dts are wrn and rund fd is eaten.
1. What is believed t bring gd luck fr the cming new year in Denmark?
A. A red candle.B. Rund fd.C. Brken china.D. A lead crss.
2. What inspired the New Year’s traditin f eating grapes?
A. A way t make cins.B. An act t keep pwer.
C. A desire t be ppular.D. An idea t gain prfit.
3. Which sectin f a magazine is the text prbably taken frm?
A. Fashin.B. Travel.C. Culture.D. Entertainment.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Denmark: Break plates部分中的第二句“A Danish traditin is t thrw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbr’s frnt drs. It’s a bit f a ppularity cntest as the bigger the pile f brken china is the next mrning, the mre friends and gd luck yu’ll have in the cming year”（丹麦的传统是把盘子和盘子，扔向朋友和邻居家的前门。这有点像受欢迎的竞赛，因为第二天早上，破碎的瓷器堆得越多，来年你就会有更多的朋友和好运。）可知，在丹麦人们认为碎瓷器会给新的一年带来好运。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Spain, ne New Year’s traditin is t eat 12 grapes, ne fr each mnth f the cming year, t secure prsperity . Yu need t eat ne grape with each bell strike at midnight. The traditin dates frm 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea t sell mre grapes after an exceptinal harvest.”（在西班牙，一个新年的传统是吃12颗葡萄，一颗代表来年的每个月份，以确保繁荣。午夜钟声敲响的时候，你得吃一颗葡萄。这个传统可以追溯到1909年，当时阿利坎特的农民想出了这个主意，在一个特别的收获季节后卖出更多的葡萄。）可知，要获得利润的想法激发了新年吃葡萄的传统。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“While sme custms like setting ff firewrks and cunting dwn the last few secnds seem universal, many cuntries have their wn unique New Year’s Eve traditins.”（虽然放烟花、倒计时等一些习俗似乎全球通用，但许多国家都有自己独特的除夕夜传统。）可知，文章是介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统，所以这可能来自一本杂志的文化部分。故选C。
B
Zhang Shuai has a sense f fun that is being widely appreciated n the internet. When deliverymen bring cardbard bxes t his drstep, Zhang sn builds them int interactive tys fr his daughter Nini, wh is 5.
The 32-year-ld father frm Zhengzhu, Henan Prvince, has made mre than 120 tys frm waste cardbard in the past three years. His ty-making vides have gne viral (走红) n the internet and many netizens cmment that it shws an envirnment-friendly way t spend quality time with children.
In Zhang’s eyes, everything can have a hard cardbard cpy. Even the classic vide games, such as Need fr Speed, Tetris and Submarine Game Challenge, can be played in the actual wrld.
“These are tys r games that peple brn after 1980 had in childhd that are rarely seen tday. I want my daughter t see what her father played with as a by, building a kind f cnnectin between the tw generatins,” Zhang says.
The hmemade ty, cardbard versin f Need fr Speed, has gt mre than 1.6 millin likes n shrt vide platfrm Duyin. The screen is made f paper with three lanes (车道) with cars and a magnet (磁铁) underneath. In the vide, Nini uses a steering wheel t cntrl a metal car t vertake painted cars in its lane with her father rlling the paper.
He als built a marble bstacle curse, a pl table, a rbt WALL-E and many thers. His mst liked vide, a ty bank in the shape f a huse, has gained mre than 2.7 millin likes.
“As peple are becming mre addicted t digital devices, there are harmful effects brught by technlgy, like difficulty in cncentratin,” Zhang says, adding that parents shuld cntrl their children’s screen time.
4. What d we knw abut Zhang Shuai’s cardbard tys?
A. They are interactive.B. They are f a style.
C. They are cmmnly seen.D. They are a waste f mney.
5. What can we learn frm the fifth paragraph?
A. Hw a cardbard ty is played.B. Hw likes n Duyin are gained.
C. What games were ppular in 1980.D. What materials are needed fr a ty.
6. What des Zhang Shuai mean by his wrds in the last paragraph?
A. Digital devices are beneficial t peple.
B. Children rely n their parents t buy tys.
C. Harmful effects brught by technlgy are unnticed.
D. Parents shuld spend quality time with their children.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Zhang Shuai?
A. Kind and generus.B. Patient and creative.
C. Brave and ambitius.D. Just and sympathetic.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。张帅是一名32岁的父亲，他为自己5岁的女儿用纸板箱做成了互动玩具，并在网上上传了视频，走红网络。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When deliverymen bring cardbard bxes t his drstep, Zhang sn builds them int interactive tys fr his daughter Nini, wh is 5.”（当快递员把纸板箱送到他家门口时，张很快就把纸板箱做成了互动玩具，送给5岁的女儿妮妮。）可知，张帅的纸板玩具是有互动性的。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“In the vide, Nini uses a steering wheel t cntrl a metal car t vertake painted cars in its lane with her father rlling the paper.”（在视频中，妮妮用方向盘控制一辆金属车，在她的父亲翻纸时，超过了车道上的彩绘车。）可知，在第五段中可以了解到纸板玩具是怎么玩的。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句““As peple are becming mre addicted t digital devices, there are harmful effects brught by technlgy, like difficulty in cncentratin,” Zhang says, adding that parents shuld cntrl their children’s screen time.”（“随着人们对数字设备越来越上瘾，科技也带来了一些有害的影响，比如注意力难以集中。”他补充说，父母应该控制孩子看屏幕的时间。）可知，张帅认为父母应该和孩子们共度美好时光。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When deliverymen bring cardbard bxes t his drstep, Zhang sn builds them int interactive tys fr his daughter Nini, wh is 5.”（当快递员把纸板箱送到他家门口时，张很快就把纸板箱做成了互动玩具，送给5岁的女儿妮妮。张帅用纸板箱做成了互动玩具，所以他很有创造性。根据最后一段最后一句“As peple are becming mre addicted t digital devices, there are harmful effects brught by technlgy, like difficulty in cncentratin,” Zhang says, adding that parents shuld cntrl their children’s screen time.”（“随着人们对数字设备越来越上瘾，科技也带来了一些有害的影响，比如注意力难以集中。”他补充说，父母应该控制孩子看屏幕的时间。）可知，张帅很愿意和孩子共度亲子时光，所以判断出他很有耐心。故选B。
C
A czy envirnment fstering fcused thinking and cncentratin n bks is what study lunges are all abut. Ideal fr students with limited ptins as after-schl study spaces. And relatively cheap.
The demand fr study lunges rse in China because students can hardly find a peaceful place t study after finishing classes. Befre 2018, there were few study lunges in China, and the few that existed were mainly in first- and secnd-tier cities such as Guangzhu, Suzhu and Tianjin. Yet by 2019, they had becme ppular natinwide.
But the pandemic (流行病) has dealt a blw t the industry. Since persnal cntact in a clsed envirnment is unavidable, the pandemic frced all study lunges t shut dwn fr several mnths. Lu Qingxia, funder f Xinliuzawu, ne f Beijing’s earliest study lunge brands that pened in 2018, said their first study lunge near Renmin University f China had made ends meet befre the pandemic. Li Hang and Zhang Yang, c-funders f Sishilushi, a Beijing-based independent study lunge, said that even befre COVID-19 brke ut, the industry’s prfit was neither prmising nr clear, let alne in such a particular perid.
“Rent is a majr fixed cst fr study lunges, especially in first-tier cities,” Lu said. In a first-tier city such as Beijing, rentals cmprise mre than a half f a study lunge’s mnthly peratin cst. But Lu sunds ptimistic abut the industry cmmercial prspects, “because it’s a blue cean with less cmpetitin.”
Study lunges prvide a better learning experience that peple cannt get in free public libraries. “Privately perated study lunges like urs actually make up fr the shrtage f public infrastructure (基础设施) and public services and we are willing t cperate with the gvernment t better serve the public.” Li said.
8. What cntributes t the rise f study lunges in China?
A. The rapid develpment f cities.
B. The shrinking number f libraries.
C. The need fr a peaceful study envirnment.
D. The lack f alternative after-schl activities.
9. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The earliest study lunge brands in China.
B. A guideline n finding famus study lunges.
C. An intrductin t the funders f study lunges.
D. The influence f the pandemic n study lunges.
10. What des Lu Qingxia think f the future f the study lunge?
A. It is prmising.B. It is unclear.
C. It will be full f cmpetitin.D. It will be free f rent.
11. What can we infer abut the peratin f study lunges frm the last paragraph?
A. Gvernment invlvement is welcme.
B. The infrastructure cnstructin is needed.
C. Study lunges shuld be privately perated.
D. Cperatin with public libraries has been achieved.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了自习室给大家提供了更好的学习体验，但新冠疫情对中国的自习室行业造成了极大的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由上文第二段“The demand fr study lunges rse in China because students can hardly find a peaceful place t study after finishing classes.”可知，在中国，对自习室的需求增加了，因为学生在上完课后几乎找不到一个安静的学习场所。所以自习室的快速发展是因为大家对安静场所的需求。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段第一句话“But the pandemic (流行病) has dealt a blw t the industry.”可知，流行病对整个自习室行业造成了打击。下文具体介绍了相关的影响。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“But Lu sunds ptimistic abut the industry cmmercial prspects, “because it’s a blue cean with less cmpetitin.”可知，但娄对行业的商业前景感到乐观，“因为这是一片竞争较少的蓝色海洋。”文中ptimistic表示他是乐观的，认为该行业有好的前景。A项“有希望的”。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Privately perated study lunges like urs actually make up fr the shrtage f public infrastructure (基础设施) and public services and we are willing t cperate with the gvernment t better serve the public.”可知，“像我们这样的私人经营的自习室实际上弥补了公共基础设施和公共服务的不足，我们愿意与政府合作，以更好地为公众服务。”李说。由此可知，自习室行业也希望与政府合作，所以政府的参与是受欢迎的，故选A项。
D
Dgs can’t speak, but their brains respnd t spken wrds. Every dg wner knws that saying “Gd dg!” in a happy, high vice will make their pet jyfully wag its tail. That made scientists curius: What exactly happens in yur dg’s brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?
When a persn gets thers’ cmpliment, the mre primitive, subcrtical auditry regins (皮层下听觉区) first reacts t the intnatin — the emtinal frce f spken wrds. Next, the brain taps the mre recently evlved auditry crtex (听觉皮层) t figure ut the meaning f the wrds, which is learned.
In 2016, a team f scientists discvered that dgs’ brains, like thse f humans, cmpute the intnatin and meaning f a wrd separately — althugh dgs use their right brain t d s, whereas we use ur left ne. Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?
It’s an imprtant questin, because dgs are a speechless species, yet they respnd crrectly t ur wrds. Fr instance, sme dgs are capable f recgnising thusands f names f individual bjects, and can link each name t a specific bject.
When the scientists studied scans f the brains f pet dgs, they fund that theirs, like urs, prcess the sunds f spken wrds in this manner — analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain, the subcrtical regins, and then the wrds’ meaning with the newer part, the crtex.
See why dgs are s successful at partnering with us? Dgs and humans last shared a cmmn ancestr sme 100 millin years ag, s it’s likely that ur brains respnd t sunds in a similar way. As dmesticated animals that have evlved alngside humans fr the past 10,000 years, dgs make special use f it t prcess human emtins. Yu knw, what we say really matters t dgs!
12. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “cmpliment”?
A. Reply.B. Praise.C. Warning.D. Advice.
13. What is the first step a dg’s brain ges thrugh t prcess apprval?
A. Linking it t an bject.B. Analyzing the emtin.
C. Wrking ut its meaning.D. Tapping the auditry crtex.
14. Hw des the writer develp the text?
A. By cmparing pinins.B. By raising examples.
C. By prviding answers t questins.D. By analyzing causes and effects.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Dgs—gd listeners
B. Dgs—perfect partners
C. Dgs and humans share a cmmn ancestr actually
D. Dgs understand spken wrds the same way we d
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章对狗对语言信息的处理方式进行了说明。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“What exactly happens in yur dg’s brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?”（当你的狗听到赞美时，它的大脑到底发生了什么?它和我们大脑处理这些信息的方式相似吗?）可知，下文是分析了人类大脑处理赞美信息的方式，所以cmpliment意为“赞扬”。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“analyzing first the emtinal cmpnent with the lder regin f the brain”（首先用大脑旧区域分析情感成分）可知，狗的大脑分析赞同要做的第一步是分析情感。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“What exactly happens in yur dg’s brain when it hears praise, and is it similar t the way ur wn brain prcesses such infrmatin?”（当你的狗听到赞美时，它的大脑到底发生了什么?它和我们大脑处理这些信息的方式相似吗?）第三段最后一句“Still, a puzzle remained: D their brains g thrugh the same steps t prcess apprval?”（然而，仍然有一个谜：它们的大脑在审批过程中会经历同样的步骤吗？）和最后一段第一句“See why dgs are s successful at partnering with us?”（明白为什么狗能如此成功地与人类合作了吗？）可知，文章是通过提出问题并给出答案的方式组织内容的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段第二句“Dgs and humans last shared a cmmn ancestr sme 100 millin years ag, s it’s likely that ur brains respnd t sunds in a similar way. ”（狗和人类最后拥有共同的祖先大约是在1亿年前，所以我们的大脑对声音的反应很可能是类似的。）可知，文章最好的标题是“狗和我们一样能听懂别人说的话”。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Children learn wh they are and hw t identify, value, and cmmunicate needs and feelings thrugh interactins with their parents. ___16___ Here are several key things t ensure yur children grw int independent adults.
Allw freedm f infrmatin. One f the main characteristics f healthy families is freedm t express thughts and bservatins. ___17___ Fr instance, frbidding mentining f daddy’s drinking teaches children t be fearful and dubt themselves. Children are naturally curius abut everything. This is healthy and shuld be encuraged.
Accept yur children’s feelings. Many clients tell me that they weren’t allwed t express anger, cmplain, feel sad r even get excited. ___18___ This becmes prblematic in their adult relatinships and can lead t depressin. Allwing children t express their feelings prvides a healthy utlet.
Respect yur children’s bundaries. Respecting children’s thughts and feelings is a way f respecting bundaries. Verbal abuse and attacks vilate their bundaries, s des unwanted tuch. Additinally, children’s prperty, space and privacy shuld be respected. ___19___
___20___ Children need a safe, predictable and fair envirnment. When rules and punishments are arbitrary r incnsistent, instead f learning frm mistakes, children will becme angry and anxius, and learn t distrust their parents. The best rules and punishments shuld relate t natural cnsequences f the wrng-ding, rather than mere physical punishments.
A. They learned t restrict their feelings.
B. Have reasnable, explicit, cnsistent rules and punishments.
C. Allw children apprpriate respnsibility and independence.
D. Secrets and n-talk rules are cmmn in unhealthy families.
E. Thus, hw yu cmmunicate with yur children is significant.
F. Therefre, yu can’t give them t much lve and understanding.
G. Reading their mail r talking t their friends behind their back is ff-limits.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母与孩子互动的建议，帮助孩子成长，独立。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Children learn wh they are and hw t identify, value, and cmmunicate needs and feelings thrugh interactins with their parents.(孩子通过与父母的互动交流学会了解自己，做出判断，和表达自己的需求和感情)”可知，孩子好多品质都是从在与父母互动交流过程中学到的，E项内容提到父母与孩子的交流方式就很重要。由此可知，E项“Thus, hw yu cmmunicate with yur children is significant.(这样情况下，你是如何与孩子交流的即你和孩子的交流方式就很重要)”承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“One f the main characteristics f healthy families is freedm t express thughts and bservatins.(健康家庭关系的一个主要特征就是表达情感与观察的自由)”可知，要给孩子表达的机会，由言论自由，D项“Secrets and n-talk rules are cmmn in unhealthy families.(秘密和禁止谈论在不健康的家庭是常见的)”指出了两种情况对比更突显给孩子话语权的重要性。下文“Fr instance, frbidding mentining f daddy’s drinking teaches children t be fearful and dubt themselves.(例如，禁止谈论父亲酗酒会让孩子恐惧，开始自我怀疑)”举例说明D项中的内容。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Many clients tell me that they weren’t allwed t express anger, cmplain, feel sad r even get excited.(许多委托人告诉我他们在家里不被允许表达愤怒，抱怨，不开心甚至兴奋)”可知，A项“They learned t restrict their feelings.(他们学会了约束控制自己的情感)”承接上文。下文“This becmes prblematic in their adult relatinships and can lead t depressin.(这将在孩子未来成年后人际关系产生问题，进而导致抑郁)”中的this指代A项中的restrict their feelings(约束他们的情感)。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据段落小标题“Respect yur children’s bundaries.(尊重孩子的边界感)”可知，本段主要讲述要尊重孩子。上文“children’s prperty, space and privacy shuld be respected.(尊重孩子的财物，空间，隐私)”以及G项内容“Reading their mail r talking t their friends behind their back is ff-limits.(读孩子的信件，背后谈论孩子的朋友都是越界)”都是在列举不尊重孩子的隐私的例子，符合上文内容。故选G项。
【20题详解】
该空需要填选出本段小标题，概括全段内容。根据下文“When rules and punishments are arbitrary r incnsistent, instead f learning frm mistakes, children will becme angry and anxius, and learn t distrust their parents.(当规矩和惩罚是专断和不一致时，孩子会易怒易焦虑，不信任父母，而不是从错误中学习)”可知，应该给孩子合理的理智的，明确的，一致规矩和惩罚。B项“Have reasnable, explicit, cnsistent rules and punishments.(有合理、明确、一致的规章制度和处罚办法)”适合做本段小标题。故选B项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Starting at age 5, Aesha Ash studied tap, jazz and ballet. She wanted t be a ___21___ n Bradway. At age 10, the schl tld her she had t ___22___ ne kind f dance. She thught the ther frms f dance were easier fr her and she wanted a ___23___. She talked t her mm, wh tld her that a career in ballet wuld be even mre ___24___ fr her because few ballet dancers were black. Hwever, thse wrds helped Ash ___25___. She wuld prve t herself and t everyne that she culd ___26___ an excellent black ballet dancer. She started studying ballet mre ___27___ frm then n.
Then Ash ___28___ the Schl f American Ballet and wrked hard tward her dream. Any time she felt bullied (被欺凌), she tried t ___29___ fr herself and she became mre ___30___ t succeed. At 18, her dream ___31___ when she jined the New Yrk City Ballet, where she danced many lead rles. She became ___32___! Years later, Ash ___33___ the Swan Dreams Prject, a charity that uses dance and the arts t ___34___kids: Where they live, hw much mney they have, what their ___35___ is r anyne else’s ideas abut them cannt ___36___ their dreams.
Even thugh Ash has wn awards and praise, the biggest ___37___, she said, is making her family ___38___ because she reached her dream. “All f the hard wrk and sacrifice ___39___,” she said. “When yu have a ___40___, believe it with all f yur heart.”
21. A. singerB. dancerC. directrD. tutr
22. A. createB. abandnC. chseD. bserve
23. A. guideB. perfrmanceC. mdelD. challenge
24. A. practicalB. difficultC. cmfrtableD. expensive
25. A. quitB. relaxC. decideD. bargain
26. A. makeB. findC. meetD. change
27. A. seriuslyB. equallyC. randmlyD. autmatically
28. A. builtB. bughtC. enteredD. repaired
29. A. make upB. stand upC. line upD. stay up
30. A. determinedB. hesitantC. curiusD. unwilling
31. A. turned upB. faded awayC. ran utD. came true
32. A. disappintedB. prfessinalC. uncertainD. humrus
33. A. fundB. missedC. refusedD. started
34. A. selectB. emplyC. teachD. prtect
35. A. raceB. nameC. giftD. mind
36. A. realizeB. limitC. hideD. expand
37. A. stageB. puzzleC. trubleD. pleasure
38. A. prudB. unitedC. calmD. merciful
39. A. brke upB. fell apartC. went awayD. paid ff
40 A. taskB. dutyC. dreamD. chance
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Aesha Ash通过自己的努力实现自己的梦想，成为了一名优秀的黑人芭蕾舞舞者的故事，激励大家相信梦想的力量，并为之而努力。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从5岁开始，Aesha Ash学习过踢踏舞，爵士和芭蕾舞。她想成为百老汇的一名舞者。A. singer歌手；B. dancer舞者；C. directr导演；D. tutr助教。由前文提到“studied tap，jazz and ballet”她学习的都是与舞蹈相关的，所以是想成为舞者。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：10岁那年，学校告诉她必须选择跳一种舞蹈。A. create创造；B. abandn放弃；C. chse选择；D. bserve观察，注意，遵守。由下文“ne kind f dance”可知是选择其中的一种。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为其他形式的舞蹈对她来说比较容易些，她想要挑战。A. guide指导；B. perfrmance表现，表演；C. mdel模型，模仿；D. challenge挑战。由前文“the ther frms f dance were easier fr her”可知这些形式的舞蹈对她来说比较简单，她想要有挑战性的，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她和她妈妈谈话，妈妈告诉她，这对她来说将会更加困难。因为很少有黑人芭蕾舞演员。A. practical实用的；B. difficult困难的；C. cmfrtable舒适的，舒服的；D. expensive昂贵的。由下文“because few ballet dancers were black”可推知芭蕾舞对她来说是困难的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，这些话帮助Ash做出了决定。A. quit离开，放弃；B. relax放松；C. decide决定；D. bargain讨价还价。由下文“She wuld prve t herself and t everyne that she culd __6__an excellent black ballet dancer.”可推知，她要向别人证明自己可以成为芭蕾舞演员，也就暗示出这里妈妈的话让她做了决定。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她将向自己和所有人证明，她可以成为一位出色的黑人芭蕾舞演员。A. make使成为；B. find找到；C. meet 遇见；D. change改可推断变。根据下文“She started studying ballet ”可推知是她想要成为芭蕾舞演员，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她开始更加认真地学习芭蕾舞。A. seriusly认真地，严肃地；B. equally平等地；C. randmly随意地；D. autmatically自动地。由上文“She wuld prve t herself and t everyne that she culd __6__an excellent black ballet dancer.”可推知要证明自己可以成为优秀的芭蕾舞演员，所以肯定认真练习。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Ash进入美国芭蕾舞学校，并为实现自己的梦想而努力。A. built建设，建造；B. bught 买；C. entered进入；D. repaired修理，修复。由后文“the Schl f American Ballet”可知是进入学校学习，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：每当她被欺凌时，她都努力重新站起来，她也变得更加决心要成功。A. make up化妆，组成；B. stand up站立；C. line up排队，排列；D. stay up熬夜。由下文“she became mre ___10__ t succeed.”可知，她更加的下定决心要成功，可推知她没有被欺凌所打败，而是重新站了起来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：A. determined坚决的，有决心的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. curius好奇的；D. unwilling不情愿的。由下文“where she danced many lead rles”可推知她更加坚决地要成功。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：18岁时，当她加入了纽约市芭蕾舞团，并在其中扮演许多主角时，她的梦想实现了。A. turned up出现；B. faded away逐渐消失，褪色；C. ran ut 用完；D. came true成真。由下文中“when she jined the New Yrk City Ballet”可知，她的梦想得以实现。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她变得专业了！ A. disappinted失望的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. humrus和谐的。由前文提到“she danced many lead rles”可推知她应该是更加专业的舞者。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们。A. fund发现；B. missed怀念; C. refused拒绝；D. started开始。由文中“the Swan Dreams Prject, a charity that uses dance and the arts t__14__ kids”可推知Ash开始了这个计划。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们。A. select挑选；B. emply雇佣；C. teach教授；D. prtect保护。由上文“Where they live, hw much mney they have, what their __15__is r anyne else’s ideas abut them cannt__16__ their dreams.”可推知是在教这些孩子这样的道理。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们们：他们住的地方，有多少钱，他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A. race种族；B. name名字；C. gift礼物，天赋；D. mind想法。由上文“She talked t her mm, wh tld her that a career in ballet wuld be even mre__4__ fr her because few ballet dancers were black.”提到，妈妈说很少黑人芭蕾舞演员，这对她来说有难度。因为是黑人，提到了种族的问题。所以此处是种族。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们：他们住的地方，有多少钱，他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A. realize意识到；B. limit限制；C. hide隐藏；D. expand扩大，增加。由上文讲述的Ash的故事以及上文的“Where they live, hw much mney they have, what their 15 is r anyne else’s ideas abut them ”可推知是没有什么可以限制他们的梦想。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ash说，“尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的家人感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。”A. stage舞台；B. puzzle困惑；C. truble麻烦；D. pleasure愉快，喜悦。由前文“Ash has wn awards and praise”可推知是令人喜悦的，且最大的喜悦是让家人骄傲。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： Ash说，“尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的家人感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。”A. prud自豪的，骄傲的；B. united统一的，联合的；C. calm冷静的；D. merciful怜悯的。由文中“Ash has wn awards and praise”以及“because she reached her dream.”可推知是让家人很骄傲的。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：她说：“所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个“梦想”时，请全心全意地相信它。”A. brke up结束，破裂；B. fell apart 破裂，破碎；C. went away离开；D. paid ff取得回报。由前文“Ash has wn awards and praise”可推知，所有的努力和牺牲得到了回报。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个“梦想”时，请全心全意地相信它。”A. task任务；B. duty责任；C. dream梦想；D. chance机会。由上文“because she reached her dream”可知，她努力实现了自己的梦想，故推知也是拥有梦想，全力相信它。故选C。
第II卷
注意事项：用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is nrmal t get new textbks fr the new term, but in fact, the ___41___ (cnsume) is huge, and s is the waste.
Last year, abut 2.8 billin schl textbks ___42___ (sell) with cnsumers spending a ttal f 20 billin yuan. If these textbks were reused fr ne year, the mney saved culd be enugh fr building arund 40,000 primary schls in pr areas.
Many cllege ___43___ (graduate) sell the textbks they have accumulated ver the years ___44___ an average price f 1 yuan per kilgram. These textbks are mstly used t prduce ___45___ (recycle) paper, but the cst is even higher than ___46___ f raw paper as the prcessing prcedure is cmplicated.
Publishing huses and textbk distributrs d nt agree t the idea f ___47___ (reuse) textbks. Als, there is n unified (统一的) platfrm and service supprt system fr the secnd-hand textbk trade, which leads t ___48___ (reliable) supply chains.
Frtunately, sme nline platfrms make it easier t get secnd-hand textbks. On Kngfz.cm, the turnver f secnd-hand textbks has seen an increase by ver 30 percent ___49___ (annual) in the past three years. Accrding t Sun Yutian, ___50___ is in charge f the platfrm, the ttal sales f secnd-hand textbks this year have already exceeded (超过) 14 millin yuan. Secnd-hand bks are mre affrdable and they are als f gd quality.
【答案】41. cnsumptin/cnsuming
42. were sld
43. graduates
44. at 45. recycled/recyclable
46. that 47. reusing
48. unreliable
49. annually
50. wh
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。教科书的消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。更多的人选择使用二手教科书。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：新学期买新课本是很正常的，但事实上，消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。根据“It is nrmal t get new textbks fr the new term”可知，此处是指新课本的消耗，所以应用名词cnsumptin/cnsuming（消费，消耗），做主语。故填cnsumptin/cnsuming。
【42题详解】
考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：去年，约28亿册教科书被售出，消费者的消费总额达200亿元人民币。根据Last year可知，应用一般过去时。动词sell（售卖）和主语textbks构成被动关系。故填were sld。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤1元平均价格出售他们积累多年的教科书。此处作主语应用名词形式，graduate作名词意为“毕业生”，为可数名词。在many后应用复数形式。故填graduates。
【44题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤1元的平均价格出售他们积累多年的教科书。表示“以……的价格”应用介词at。故填at。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比原纸还要高。修饰名词paper应用形容词。形容词recycled意为“回收利用的”，recyclable意为“可回收利用的”。故填recycled/recyclable。
【46题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比原纸还要高。此处代指前文提到的the cst，应用that。故填that。
【47题详解】
考查动名词。句意：出版社和教材经销商不同意重复使用教材的想法。介词f后应用动名词。故填reusing。
【48题详解】
考查形容词反义词。句意：二手教材交易没有统一的平台和服务支撑体系，导致供应链不可靠。根据“there is n unified (统一的) platfrm and service supprt system fr the secnd-hand textbk trade”可知，供应链并不可靠。形容词unreliable意为“不可靠的”作定语修饰名词。故填unreliable。
49题详解】
考查副词。句意：在Kngfz.cm上，二手教科书的营业额在过去三年里以每年30%以上的速度增长。修饰动词seen应用副词。故填annually。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据该平台负责人孙玉田介绍，今年二手教科书的总销售额已经超过1400万元。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sun Yutian，所以应用关系代词wh。故填wh。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Like many bys, my mst favrite sprt is basketball. T be hnest, I felt clumsy when I first learn t play it. I mved mre slwly and I was nt as strngly as thers. But they didn’t give up and spent my spare time practicing. Gradually, I made prgresses. I can’t frget hw exciting I was befre winning the first match. That’s hw I fell in lve basketball. Since then, it has becme a imprtant part f my life. It strengthens my bdy but als helps me becme cnfident.
【答案】1.去掉favrite前的mst；
2.learn→learned；
3.strngly→strng；
4.they→I；
5.prgresses→prgress；
6.exciting→excited；
7.befre→after；
8.在basketball前加with；
9.a→an；
10.but→and
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。“我”爱上了篮球，篮球增强了“我”的身体，让“我”更自信。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：像许多男孩一样，我最喜欢的运动是篮球。favrite意为“最喜爱的”本身为最高级，所以不需要再用mst。故将favrite前的mst去掉。
2.考查一般过去时。句意：老实说，我第一次学篮球的时候觉得自己很笨。根据I felt clumsy可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将learn改为learned。
3.考查形容词。句意：我移动得较慢，也不像别人那么强壮。在was后作表语应用形容词。故将strngly改为strng。
4.考查人称代词。句意：但我没有放弃，把业余时间花在练习上。根据my spare time可知，此处是指“我”没有放弃。故将they改为I。
5.考查不可数名词。句意：渐渐地，我取得了进步。prgress为不可数名词，所以没有复数形式。故将prgresses改为prgress。
6.考查形容词。句意：我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“winning the first match”可知此处是指“我”很激动。故将exciting改为excited。
7.考查介词。句意：我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“I can’t frget hw excited I was”可知，此处是指在赢得第一场比赛后。故将befre改为after。
8.考查固定搭配和介词。句意：我就是这样爱上篮球的。fall in lve with表示“爱上”，为固定搭配。故在basketball前加with。
9.考查不定冠词。句意：从那时起，它就成了我生活中重要的一部分。part为可数名词，imprtant的开头发音是元音，所以应用an。故将a改为an。
10.考查关联词。句意：它增强了我的身体，也帮助我变得自信。“strengthens my bdy”和“helps me becme cnfident”是并列关系。故将but改为and。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华。我市下周将出现低温冰冻天气。请用英文发一份电子邮件，告知你校国际部学生Jimmy，内容包括：
1．天气状况；
2．御寒措施；
3．出行安全。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．文中不可出现有关个人的真实信息；
3．邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jimmy，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yurs，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jimmy，
It is ging t be cld and freezing next week, s it is necessary fr yu t take care f yurself. On the ne hand, the mst imprtant thing yu shuld d is wear clthes warm enugh. Dwn jackets, cttn glves and scarves are gd chices. Yu can als prepare sme warm pastes fr yurself, which can make yu cmfrtable in the cld air. On the ther hand, it is the smth rad that bring much danger t passengers, s yu shuld walk r drive slwly n the rad. I hpe yu can g thrugh the bad weather safely and healthily.
Best wishes!
Yurs，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给国际部学生Jimmy写封邮件，告知下周将出现低温冰冻天气。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。
结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 通知天气状况；
2. 建议御寒措施；
3. 提醒注意出行安全。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
cld and freezing; wear clthes warm enugh; dwn jackets; cttn glves and scarves; warm pastes; bring much danger t passengers; walk r drive slwly
第三步：连词成句
1.It is ging t be cld and freezing next week, s it is necessary fr yu t take care f yurself.
2. On the ne hand, the mst imprtant thing yu shuld d is wear clthes warm enugh.
3. Dwn jackets, cttn glves and scarves are gd chices.
4. Yu can als prepare sme warm pastes fr yurself, which can make yu cmfrtable in the cld air.
5.On the ther hand, it is the smth rad that bring much danger t passengers, s yu shuld walk r drive slwly n the rad.
6.I hpe yu can g thrugh the bad weather safely and healthily.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表转折对比关系：On the ne hand…,On the ther hand…
2.表因果关系： S
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]Yu can als prepare sme warm pastes fr yurself, which can make yu cmfrtable in the cld air. （which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]On the ther hand, it is the smth rad that bring much danger t passengers, s yu shuld walk r drive slwly n the rad.（it强调句）