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广东省深圳市2022届高三上学期第二次六校联考英语试题 含解析
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这是一份广东省深圳市2022届高三上学期第二次六校联考英语试题 含解析，共19页。
2022届高三六校第二次联考
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前, 考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Located beside Lake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.
The Olympic Park
The journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.
The first Olympic Symbol
The “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia, America, Australia and Europe. The six colors include at least one color that is represented on the flag of every country.
The Stadiums
The stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.
The Olympic Medals
Have you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.
1. Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?
A. The Olympic Park. B. The first Olympic Symbol.
C. The Stadiums. D. The Olympic Medals.
2. What can you do in the section of The Stadiums?
A. Celebrate the glory of a sportsman. B. Meet the designers of the stadiums.
C. Explore the future stadiums. D. Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.
3. In which column of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Travel. D. Business.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是奥林匹克博物馆最感人的一些东西。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Olympic Park部分的“The journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps.（穿过奥林匹克博物馆的旅程从奥林匹克公园开始。奥林匹克公园是奥林匹克博物馆前8000平方米的户外区域，可以俯瞰日内瓦湖和阿尔卑斯山。 ）”可知，当你探索奥林匹克博物馆时，你首先会看到奥林匹克公园，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Stadiums部分的“Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.（客人可以探索奥运场馆过去和现在的规划和模型，包括奥运会最具吸引力的场馆之一，北京2008年奥运会的鸟巢。 ）”可知，在体育馆区，你可以欣赏到鸟巢的模型。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Located beside Lake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.（奥林匹克博物馆位于日内瓦湖旁，收藏了10000多件人造物品和数小时的互动内容，突出了奥运会期间的一些最佳时刻。以下是一些博物馆最感人的时刻。）”可知，本文是关于旅游的，因此会出现在报纸的旅游专栏，故选C。
B
Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel? The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car in Europe, for example. In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a " no" for many travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour. "You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care. " she says. "Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation. "
But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members. “We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability. "Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect, "says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours. "Someone in their 40's may struggle more than someone in their 80s. "
4. What is expected if Schaefer travels in Croatia this year?
A. She can rent a car to go around.
B. She has to pay more insurance fees.
C. She can join in all kinds of activities.
D. She will receive 24/7 medical care.
5. What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93-year-old's traveling?
A. His old age. B. His lack of money.
C. His poor health. D. His in sociable personality.
6. What do we know about Grand Circle Travel?
A. It is a non-profit traveling organization.
B. It offers service to a wide range of travelers.
C. It has a history of more than seven decades.
D. Its main customers are senior travelers.
7. What is the authors altitude towards traveling old?
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Objective.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就老年人是否适合旅行这一话题进行讨论，作者通过一些事例和旅行专家的观点来说明想要旅行，年龄不是问题，主要看健康状况。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities.（在克罗地亚，Schaefer今年不能参加，因为最高年龄是70岁。保险公司要求更高的费率；旅游经营者限制某些活动。）”可知，Schaefer今年去克罗地亚旅行需要缴纳更多的保险费。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog.（Kirsten Veldman说：“当然，有些人在旅行前应该三思，但不能只看年龄。要看他们的健康水平。”她以前是一名导游，现在编辑一个退休博客。）”可知，Veldman认为对于旅行者来说，年龄不是问题，重要的是身体健康，因此可以推断，Veldman不同意一名93岁的老人去旅行的最主要原因可能是他糟糕的健康状况。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”（公司发言人Ann Shannon说：“我们有八九十岁的旅行者。有些是情侣旅行，有些是独自旅行。我们没有年龄限制。”）”可知，Grand Circle Travel为各种各样的旅行者提供服务。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.（当然，有些人在旅行前应该三思，但不能只看年龄。）”和“If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.（如果你问旅游专家，他们会告诉你年龄只是一个数字。）”以及全文内容来看，作者通过引用事例和旅行专家的观点来表明年龄不是阻碍老年人旅行的主要原因，重点考虑健康状况，文章从客观的角度来分析老年人是否适合去旅行，所以，作者对于老年人是否可以旅行的态度是客观的。故选D项。
C
In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little proud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.
Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers （where videos are stored） there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.
Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.
You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.
8. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?
A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.
B. The improvements on environmental awareness.
C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.
D The environmental impacts of screaming services.
9. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Get more skeptical of. B. Become more aware of.
C. Feel much crazier about. D. Get more worried about.
10. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?
A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.
B. Its environmental effects are worsening.
C. It is easily available to almost everyone.
D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.
11. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?
A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.
B. Downloading music on a personal computer.
C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.
D. Playing online games over mobile networks.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国Shift项目最近的一份报告称，观看半小时的节目将导致3.5磅的二氧化碳排放量。存储在数据中心的视频通过网络传输到我们的终端，如计算机、智能手机等：所有这些过程都需要电力，而电力的生产消耗资源，通常涉及二氧化碳的排放，并呼吁我们做一些事情来帮助减少你在线使用的影响。
【8题详解】
目的意图题。根据第一段中In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment.“在过去，当你开车去电影院看电影的时候，很容易就能看到你的行为对环境的影响。”由此可知，第一段的主题是流媒体服务对环境的影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.“从2017年到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将增加4倍，到2022年占所有互联网流量的80%。届时，全球约60%的人口将上网。”由此可知，Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases.“流媒体只会随着我们越来越迷恋我们的数字设备和随时随地享受娱乐的可能性的增加而增加。”中的划线部分的意思是“感觉更疯狂”。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.“数字技术造成了4%的温室气体排放，而能源消耗每年以9%的速度增长。看半小时的节目会导致6千克的二氧化碳排放。”第三段中Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022.“从2017年到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将增加4倍，到2022年占所有互联网流量的80%。”关于流媒体服务的使用，我们可以推断出它对环境的影响正在恶化。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.“相反，如果你删除一些东西，你可以节省能源。此外，通过Wi-Fi上网也是个不错的主意，你可以在最小的屏幕上观看，如果你不使用设备，可以关掉家里的Wi-Fi。”由此可知，“用手机看下载的电影”是最环保的。故选A。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say.“你可能不会放弃你的流媒体服务，但你可以做一些事情来帮助减少你的在线使用的影响。” 关于流媒体服务的使用，我们可以推断出它对环境的影响正在恶化。故选B。
D
To show empathy is to identify with another’s feelings. It is to emotionally put yourself in the place of another. The ability to empathize is directly dependent on your ability to feel your own feelings and identify them.
If you have never felt a certain feeling, it will be hard for you to understand how another person is feeling. If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power. Reading about a feeling and intellectually knowing about it is very different than actually experiencing it for yourself.
Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually experienced the widest range and variety of feelings — the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, — is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “can’t relate” to other people, it is likely because they haven’t experienced, acknowledged or accepted many feelings of their own.
Once you have felt discriminated against, for example, it is much easier to relate with someone else who has been discriminated against. Our innate emotional intelligence gives us the ability to quickly recall those instances and form associations when we encounter discrimination again. We then can use the “reliving” of those emotions to guide our thinking and actions. This is one of the ways nature slowly evolves towards a higher level of survival.
For this process to work, the first step is that we must be able to experience our own emotions. This means we must be open to them and not distract ourselves from them or try to numb ourselves from our feelings through drugs, alcohol, etc.
Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling — to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. Only then can we empathize with others. That is one reason why it is important to work on your own emotional awareness and sensitivity — in other words, to be “in touch with” your feelings.
12. How does the author explain the feelings of empathy?
A. By giving examples. B. By having classification.
C. By making comparison. D. By providing data.
13. Which statement may the author agree with?
A. Low level of empathy leads to fewer varieties of feelings.
B. The deeper one’s feelings are, the more empathetic one is.
C. Empathy is a way we recently picked up for better survival.
D. Rich experiences may not go with a high level of empathy.
14. What’s the purpose of the last two paragraphs of the text?
A. To advise a sincere attitude to one’s experiences.
B To suggest a right understanding of empathy.
C. To require a real bond with one’s emotions.
D. To call for true acceptance of one’s feelings.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Empathy Unfolds B. Be Open to Your Emotions
C. Why Is Empathy Important D. Accept Your True Self
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是同理心，以及如何对别人具有同理心。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第二段“If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power. (如果你从来没有把你的手放在火焰中，你就不会知道被火烧的疼痛。如果你没有经历过嫉妒，你就不会理解它会产生什么影响)”可推知，作者通过举例说明解释什么是同理心。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually experienced the widest range and variety of feelings — the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, — is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “can’t relate” to other people, it is likely because they haven’t experienced, acknowledged or accepted many feelings of their own. (在那些情商水平相同的人中，真正经历过最广泛、最丰富的情感的人——比如说，经历过极度抑郁和高度满足感的人——是最能感同身受的人。另一方面，当我们说某人与他人“无法联系”时，很可能是因为他们没有经历、承认或接受自己的许多感受)”可知，影响同理心的因素有两个——丰富的情感和相似的经历，由此推知，作者认为丰富的经历可能并不一定意味着有高度的同理心。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling — to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. (接下来，我们需要意识到我们实际的感受——承认、认同和接受我们的感受)”可推知，文章最后两段呼吁大家真正接受自己的感受，才能做到对他人产生共情。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“Only then can we empathize with others. (只有这样，我们才能同情他人)”可推知，本文主要介绍了如何对他人具有同理心。A项“同理心如何展现”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Leonardo da Vinci and Nature
In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. ___16___ Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. ___17___
Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. ___18___ More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”
“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas. ___19___ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.
___20___ His quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.
A. Leonardo was always drawing.
B. How could these be connected with art?
C. Leonardo’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.
D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.
E. Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.
F. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.
G. Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了Leonardo da Vinci对音乐和思想的方面的见解。
【16题详解】
根据上文In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies.可知，在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。由此可知，此处应是提出疑问——科学与艺术有什么联系。故B选项“这些与艺术有什么联系呢？”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct.可知，他还可以用数学来把事物之间的关系画在一幅画或油画中，使场景看起来是正确的。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明他的哪一副作品体现了这种用数学来联系事物之间的关系。故F选项“你会在《最后的晚餐》这幅画中看到这种定位的一个很好的例子”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”可知，不仅如此，Leonardo相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。他说：“没有数字，什么也做不成。”由此可知，Leonardo喜欢音乐，他相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。故G选项“Leonardo本人是一个非常好的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas.可知，对他来说，实际经验比意见更重要，他从现实到思想进行工作。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明Leonardo的思想。上文中ideas可知对应到C选项中Leonardo’s ideas。故C选项“Leonardo的思想远远超前于他的时代”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape.可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助他捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明Leonardo日常喜欢绘画的情况。故A选项“Leonardo总是在画画”符合上下文语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This past April I visited my parents on the farm I’d grown up on. I ____21____ outside to drink in the feel of “home”, a ___22___ I really needed right then. The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands.
Suddenly an ___23___ sweet smell of lilacs (丁香花) called to me. The lilacs in the distance were indeed in glorious bloom! Hurrying over, I pulled a bunch to my face and ___24___ the intoxicating (令人陶醉的) scent, as I had done every springtime throughout my childhood. A warm delight flowed through my ___25___ bones.
Walking back home, the symptoms of springtime – warmth, ____26____ and beauty – journeyed right along with me. At home, my father sat at the kitchen table, absorbed in the morning market reports.
I _____27_____ announced, “It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom !”
“Lilacs in blossom or not, it isn’t spring until winter is gone,” he contradicted. “We’ll still get a bit of _____28_____ weather.”
But my heart refused to let that ___29___ the lilacs had brought to me disappear. Immediately, I ____30____ the card my mother had sent me just that past week – one that had inspired this trip home. Knowing I was feeling down, she sent a card with a photo of a single flower coming from the crack of rock. Printed on the card were the ____31____ words, “In the midst of winter, I found within me an everlasting spring,” ____32____ by my mother’s words, “Spring has always been your favorite time of year. As always, it’s ____33____.”
These are words that my mother, the optimist, lives by. Even during winter, she ____34____ spring. I love her sense of joy and her willingness to ____35____ it.
21. A. fled B. hid C. wandered D. glanced
22. A. landscape B. shadow C. figure D. comfort
23. A. unexpected B. unfamiliar C. authentic D. ordinary
24. A. cared for B. let out C. held on D. breathed in
25. A. nervous B. chilly C. rough D. strong
26. A. love B. loss C. renewal D. harvest
27. A. calmly B. delightedly C. anxiously D. informally
28. A. wet B. cold C. warm D. fine
29. A. courage B. image C. memory D. pleasure
30. A. received B. reviewed C. recalled D. reminded
31. A. uplifting B. enthusiastic C. challenging D. subjective
32. A. explained B. followed C. suggested D. clarified
33. A. outside B. there C. within D. outdoors
34. A. finds B. admires C. misses D. creates
35. A. predict B. apply C. notice D. share
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的母亲给作者寄卡片，告诉作者无论天有多冷，春天在一个人的心里。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在外面闲逛，享受着“家”的感觉，那是我当时非常需要的一种安慰。A. fled逃离；B. hid躲藏；C. wandered漫游；D. glanced看一眼。由后面的“The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands”可知，作者是到外面去闲逛，因此空格处是“漫游”，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在外面闲逛，享受着“家”的感觉，那是我当时非常需要的一种安慰。A. landscape风景；B. shadow影子；C. figure数字；D. comfort安慰。由前面的“the feel of “home””可知，那是家的感觉，因此对我来说是一种安慰，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，一股意想不到的紫丁香香味扑面而来。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. authentic真实的；D. ordinary普通的。由后文的“Hurrying over, I pulled a bunch to my face”可知，我没有料到我会遇到紫丁香，所以才匆匆赶过去，拉了一束放在脸上，因此空格处是“出乎意料的”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我匆匆赶过去，拉了一束放在脸上，像童年时期每个春天一样，呼吸着醉人的香味。A. cared for关心；B. let out发出；C. held on不挂断；D. breathed in呼吸。由“the intoxicating (令人陶醉的) scent”可知，我是呼吸那个香味，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温暖的喜悦从我冰冷的骨头里流淌。A. nervous紧张的；B. chilly寒冷的；C. rough粗糙的；D. strong强大的。根据第一段的“The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands”可知，我感到很冷，因此是冰冷的骨头，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家的路上，春天的征兆——温暖、新生和美丽——一直伴随着我。A. love爱；B. loss损失；C. renewal新生；D. harvest收获。由“the symptoms of springtime”及常识可知，春天的征兆就是“温暖、新生和美丽”，因此空格处是“新生”，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我高兴地宣布:“春天到了!”紫丁香开了!”A. calmly平静地；B. delightedly高兴地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. informally不正式地。由“ “It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom !””可知，我看见春天来了，是高兴地宣布这一点，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气还是会有点冷。A. wet潮湿的；B. cold冷的；C. warm温暖的；D. fine好的。由第一段的“The cold but fresh early-morning air”可知，现在还有点冷，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的心不愿让紫丁香带给我的快乐消失。A. courage勇气；B. image形象；C. memory记忆；D. pleasure快乐。由前面的“I _____7_____ announced”可知，我的心不愿让紫丁香带给我的快乐消失。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻想起了母亲上周寄给我的那张卡片，正是这张卡片激发了我这次回家的灵感。A. received收到；B. reviewed复习；C. recalled回想；D. reminded提醒。由“had sent me just that past week”可知，我是想起了母亲上周寄给我的那张卡片，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡片上印着振奋人心的话。A. uplifting令人振奋的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. subjective主观的。由前面的“one that had inspired this trip home”可知，卡片上是振奋人心的话，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 在隆冬中，我在心中找到了永恒的春天。”接着是母亲的话:“春天一直是你最喜爱的时节。”和往常一样，它就在里面。”A. explained解释；B. followed跟随；C. suggested建议；D. clarified澄清。由“by my mother’s words”可知，卡片上先是一句振奋人心的话，然后再是母亲的话，因此空格处是“跟随”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在隆冬中，我在心中找到了永恒的春天。”接着是母亲的话:“春天一直是你最喜爱的时节。”和往常一样，它就在里面。”A. outside在外面；B. there那里；C. within在......里面；D. outdoors在户外。由前面的“I found within me an everlasting spring”可知，空格处是within，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在冬天，她也能找到春天。A. finds找到；B. admires羡慕；C. misses错过；D. creates创造。由前面的“I found within me an everlasting spring”可知，句子表示作者的母亲即使在冬天，也能找到春天，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱她的快乐感和她分享快乐的意愿。A. predict预测；B. apply应用；C. notice注意；D. share分享。由“her willingness to ____15____ it.”可知，作者的母亲给作者寄来卡片，这是在和作者分享快乐，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild elephants that had been roaming the southern Chinese province of Yunnan for more than three months returned to a “more appropriate” habitat, Chinese experts told Xinhua news agency.
The animals ____36____ (begin) a migration in May from their usual habitat in Xishuangbanna,____37____ region known for its tropical forest, to the north of the province without clear reason. The herd managed ____38____ (cross) the Yuanjiang River Sunday, the main obstacle they had to continue their return to a more favorable habitat. The arrival of the rainy season in the area in July added difficulty ____39____ its crossing, since the river flow has increased ____40____ (considerable). According to Xinhua, authorities blocked the river bank with dozens of trucks to prevent the elephants from crossing, ___41___ (force) them to continue their journey to a bridge, through ___42___ they could cross the river without complications (困难). Chen Mingyong, an elephant researcher at Yunnan University, said the Yuanjiang River ___43___ (be) the dividing line that marks “the suitability of the environment for the life of elephants”. In the north, the original direction the animals took, it is colder and there is less food, ____44____ the Yuanjiang River basin, where they are found, has plenty of food.
According to Chen, elephant habitats can be divided into four ___45___ (category): “highly appropriate, appropriate, normal and inappropriate,” and the animals are now in a suitable one.
【答案】36. began
37. a 38. to cross
39. to 40. considerably
41. forcing
42. which 43. is
44. while 45. categories
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。中国专家告诉新华社，在中国南部省份云南游荡了三个多月的野生大象回到了一个“更合适”的栖息地。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳,一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。 in May 是过去时间，所以谓语动词用一般过去时。故填began。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由的情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳，一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。单数可数名词前用不定冠词，表示一个，region发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周日，象群设法渡过了元江，这是它们必须继续返回更有利栖息地的主要障碍。manage to do设法做成某事。故填to cross。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。add ...to表示增添。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。副词修饰动词，增加是动词用可观的副词修饰。故填considerably。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。前面有谓语动词block，强迫和谓语之间没有连词，可以判断出用非谓语动词，前面这件事和迫使是主动关系用现在分词。故填forcing。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。a bridge是先行词，指物，在定语从句中做介词的宾语。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：云南大学大象研究人员陈明勇表示，沅江是“大象生存环境适宜性”的分水岭。表示客观事实用一般现在时，主语是一条江，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：在动物们迁徙的北方，天气更冷，食物也更少，而它们出没的元江流域，食物却很充足。前面的less food和 后面的plenty of food.形成对比，表示“然而”用while。故填while。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：据陈教授介绍，大象的栖息地可以分为四类:“高度适宜、适宜、正常和不适宜”，而这些动物现在处于适宜的栖息地。four修饰复数名词。故填categories。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报“Growing Pains and Gains”栏目正在进行征文活动。请高三的你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你感受到的压力；
2. 你如何看待并应对的。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Live with Pressure
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Live with Pressure
As is known, senior 3 is a time when we students have tight study schedule, with campus life centering on heavy-loaded homework and countless exams. Like most students, I also feel highly stressed from time to time due to heavy academic tasks.
However, I gradually get accustomed to the fast-pacing life and live it peacefully, as I realize pressure is an inevitable part of our life. Therefore, whenever I feel burdened, I often take some physical exercise, which helps me get refreshed physically and mentally. Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music to cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day. Moreover, when confronted with overloaded pressure, I share my feelings with people around me.
Overall, as long as we can deal with the pressure rationally and learn to live with it, it won’t be a burden but a motivation to strive for a promising future.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“Growing Pains and Gains”为主题写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
考试：tests →exams
因为：because of →due to
习惯：be used to →get accustomed to
此外：Moreover = Besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music to cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day.
拓展句：Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music, which can help cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is known, senior 3 is a time when we students have tight study schedule, with campus life centering on heavy-loaded homework and countless exams.这句话运用了as 引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] Therefore, whenever I feel burdened, I often take some physical exercise, which helps me get refreshed physically and mentally.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
About a half-mile behind our Minnesota farm lay a pond. In summer, my brother Harry and I would run through a stand of oak trees to skip stones there. The pond wore a collar of black mud. It was not a place for swimming.
In late summer, the pond would be covered by a green and bubbly scum(起泡的浮渣). Sometimes a strong, unpleasant smell rose from it. We stayed away.
When winter came, the pond was once again an inviting place. One day when ice covered it, Harry said to me, “Try walking across.”
The ice looked solid. No water showed through it, but I hesitated. “Go ahead.” Harry urged. “Try it. You’re lighter than I am. If the ice holds, we can run and slide carefully on it. It’ll be fun.” I wanted to please Harry, and I thought about the fun of a long slide on the ice. I began to slide across the pond.
In the middle of the pond, the ice gave way with a sudden crack(裂缝)! I stretched out(伸展) my arms. The next thing I knew I was hanging on to the edge of a hole in the ice by arms outstretched on the ice. From my shoulders down I hung in icy water. I thought of the bottom of the pond. I knew it would be black and awful down there, full of mud and maybe rotting creatures.
I tried to climb out of the hole, but when I got a knee on the ice, it broke like window glass. Again and again I tried to get out. Again and again the ice broke into pieces. The hole widened. I was wearing a coat of heavy material. As it became completely wet, it dragged me down. I was tired of the struggle and rested with my arms stretched out on the ice.
I looked at Harry on shore. He seemed rooted to the spot. “I can’t get out!” I screamed when I caught some breath.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
Harry turned and ran from the pond.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
The moment I crashed through the kitchen door, sobbing, mum rushed over.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He turned and ran from the pond. Staring at his familiar figure out of sight, I wondered:“Is he running for help, or is he running away and leaving me sliding to the bottom? ” After what seemed to be centuries of waiting, I was on the edge of collapse. Suddenly, Harry came back with a branch,which was large, black, and v-shaped. He pushed the branch toward me. I grabbed it immediately and was eventually dragged out of the icy water by Harry. What a narrow escape! We stumbled home, with my clothes dripping water.
The moment I crashed through the kitchen door, sobbing, mum rushed over. She helped me take off my coat, and gave me a quick bath, then passed me a cup of milk to warm me up.I tearfully complained to her about all that had happened and Harry was blamed for getting me involved into such a trouble. His head drooping, Harry made an apology to me. I was comforted and relieved, but in fact, the pond was still attractive to young Harry and me, especially when winter came again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和弟弟Harry冬天在结冰的池塘玩耍，并在Harry的怂恿下在冰面上奔跑和滑行。但池塘中央的冰突然裂开，作者掉进了冰冷的水中，经过一番挣扎也无法爬出。Harry离开很久后终于返回，用找来的树枝救出了作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他转身从池塘边跑了出去” 可知，第一段可描写作者等待Harry回来营救自己时内心想法和漫长过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我哭着冲进厨房门的那一刻，妈妈跑了过来。” 可知，第二段可描写作者获救后回家向妈妈哭诉以及感想。
2.续写线索：作者内心想法——作者获救过程——作者的哭诉——作者的感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.抓住：grab/ catch/ grasp
②.被从冰水中拉出：was dragged out of the icy water/ was pulled out of the icy water
情绪类
①.欣慰：comforted and relieved/ reassured
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Suddenly, Harry came back with a branch, which was large, black, and v-shaped. （使用了由副词作状语修饰后面整个句子和由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. What a narrow escape! （使用了what感叹句）
[高分句型3]. I tearfully complained to her about all that had happened and Harry was blamed for getting me involved into such a trouble. （使用了由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型4].What an unforgettable experience it is!（使用了what感叹句）
2022届高三六校第二次联考
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前, 考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Located beside Lake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.
The Olympic Park
The journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.
The first Olympic Symbol
The “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia, America, Australia and Europe. The six colors include at least one color that is represented on the flag of every country.
The Stadiums
The stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.
The Olympic Medals
Have you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.
1. Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?
A. The Olympic Park. B. The first Olympic Symbol.
C. The Stadiums. D. The Olympic Medals.
2. What can you do in the section of The Stadiums?
A. Celebrate the glory of a sportsman. B. Meet the designers of the stadiums.
C. Explore the future stadiums. D. Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.
3. In which column of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Travel. D. Business.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是奥林匹克博物馆最感人的一些东西。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Olympic Park部分的“The journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps.（穿过奥林匹克博物馆的旅程从奥林匹克公园开始。奥林匹克公园是奥林匹克博物馆前8000平方米的户外区域，可以俯瞰日内瓦湖和阿尔卑斯山。 ）”可知，当你探索奥林匹克博物馆时，你首先会看到奥林匹克公园，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Stadiums部分的“Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.（客人可以探索奥运场馆过去和现在的规划和模型，包括奥运会最具吸引力的场馆之一，北京2008年奥运会的鸟巢。 ）”可知，在体育馆区，你可以欣赏到鸟巢的模型。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Located beside Lake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.（奥林匹克博物馆位于日内瓦湖旁，收藏了10000多件人造物品和数小时的互动内容，突出了奥运会期间的一些最佳时刻。以下是一些博物馆最感人的时刻。）”可知，本文是关于旅游的，因此会出现在报纸的旅游专栏，故选C。
B
Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel? The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car in Europe, for example. In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a " no" for many travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour. "You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care. " she says. "Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation. "
But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members. “We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability. "Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect, "says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours. "Someone in their 40's may struggle more than someone in their 80s. "
4. What is expected if Schaefer travels in Croatia this year?
A. She can rent a car to go around.
B. She has to pay more insurance fees.
C. She can join in all kinds of activities.
D. She will receive 24/7 medical care.
5. What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93-year-old's traveling?
A. His old age. B. His lack of money.
C. His poor health. D. His in sociable personality.
6. What do we know about Grand Circle Travel?
A. It is a non-profit traveling organization.
B. It offers service to a wide range of travelers.
C. It has a history of more than seven decades.
D. Its main customers are senior travelers.
7. What is the authors altitude towards traveling old?
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Objective.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就老年人是否适合旅行这一话题进行讨论，作者通过一些事例和旅行专家的观点来说明想要旅行，年龄不是问题，主要看健康状况。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities.（在克罗地亚，Schaefer今年不能参加，因为最高年龄是70岁。保险公司要求更高的费率；旅游经营者限制某些活动。）”可知，Schaefer今年去克罗地亚旅行需要缴纳更多的保险费。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog.（Kirsten Veldman说：“当然，有些人在旅行前应该三思，但不能只看年龄。要看他们的健康水平。”她以前是一名导游，现在编辑一个退休博客。）”可知，Veldman认为对于旅行者来说，年龄不是问题，重要的是身体健康，因此可以推断，Veldman不同意一名93岁的老人去旅行的最主要原因可能是他糟糕的健康状况。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”（公司发言人Ann Shannon说：“我们有八九十岁的旅行者。有些是情侣旅行，有些是独自旅行。我们没有年龄限制。”）”可知，Grand Circle Travel为各种各样的旅行者提供服务。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.（当然，有些人在旅行前应该三思，但不能只看年龄。）”和“If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.（如果你问旅游专家，他们会告诉你年龄只是一个数字。）”以及全文内容来看，作者通过引用事例和旅行专家的观点来表明年龄不是阻碍老年人旅行的主要原因，重点考虑健康状况，文章从客观的角度来分析老年人是否适合去旅行，所以，作者对于老年人是否可以旅行的态度是客观的。故选D项。
C
In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little proud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.
Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers （where videos are stored） there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.
Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.
You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.
8. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?
A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.
B. The improvements on environmental awareness.
C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.
D The environmental impacts of screaming services.
9. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Get more skeptical of. B. Become more aware of.
C. Feel much crazier about. D. Get more worried about.
10. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?
A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.
B. Its environmental effects are worsening.
C. It is easily available to almost everyone.
D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.
11. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?
A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.
B. Downloading music on a personal computer.
C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.
D. Playing online games over mobile networks.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国Shift项目最近的一份报告称，观看半小时的节目将导致3.5磅的二氧化碳排放量。存储在数据中心的视频通过网络传输到我们的终端，如计算机、智能手机等：所有这些过程都需要电力，而电力的生产消耗资源，通常涉及二氧化碳的排放，并呼吁我们做一些事情来帮助减少你在线使用的影响。
【8题详解】
目的意图题。根据第一段中In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment.“在过去，当你开车去电影院看电影的时候，很容易就能看到你的行为对环境的影响。”由此可知，第一段的主题是流媒体服务对环境的影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.“从2017年到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将增加4倍，到2022年占所有互联网流量的80%。届时，全球约60%的人口将上网。”由此可知，Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases.“流媒体只会随着我们越来越迷恋我们的数字设备和随时随地享受娱乐的可能性的增加而增加。”中的划线部分的意思是“感觉更疯狂”。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.“数字技术造成了4%的温室气体排放，而能源消耗每年以9%的速度增长。看半小时的节目会导致6千克的二氧化碳排放。”第三段中Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022.“从2017年到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将增加4倍，到2022年占所有互联网流量的80%。”关于流媒体服务的使用，我们可以推断出它对环境的影响正在恶化。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.“相反，如果你删除一些东西，你可以节省能源。此外，通过Wi-Fi上网也是个不错的主意，你可以在最小的屏幕上观看，如果你不使用设备，可以关掉家里的Wi-Fi。”由此可知，“用手机看下载的电影”是最环保的。故选A。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say.“你可能不会放弃你的流媒体服务，但你可以做一些事情来帮助减少你的在线使用的影响。” 关于流媒体服务的使用，我们可以推断出它对环境的影响正在恶化。故选B。
D
To show empathy is to identify with another’s feelings. It is to emotionally put yourself in the place of another. The ability to empathize is directly dependent on your ability to feel your own feelings and identify them.
If you have never felt a certain feeling, it will be hard for you to understand how another person is feeling. If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power. Reading about a feeling and intellectually knowing about it is very different than actually experiencing it for yourself.
Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually experienced the widest range and variety of feelings — the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, — is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “can’t relate” to other people, it is likely because they haven’t experienced, acknowledged or accepted many feelings of their own.
Once you have felt discriminated against, for example, it is much easier to relate with someone else who has been discriminated against. Our innate emotional intelligence gives us the ability to quickly recall those instances and form associations when we encounter discrimination again. We then can use the “reliving” of those emotions to guide our thinking and actions. This is one of the ways nature slowly evolves towards a higher level of survival.
For this process to work, the first step is that we must be able to experience our own emotions. This means we must be open to them and not distract ourselves from them or try to numb ourselves from our feelings through drugs, alcohol, etc.
Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling — to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. Only then can we empathize with others. That is one reason why it is important to work on your own emotional awareness and sensitivity — in other words, to be “in touch with” your feelings.
12. How does the author explain the feelings of empathy?
A. By giving examples. B. By having classification.
C. By making comparison. D. By providing data.
13. Which statement may the author agree with?
A. Low level of empathy leads to fewer varieties of feelings.
B. The deeper one’s feelings are, the more empathetic one is.
C. Empathy is a way we recently picked up for better survival.
D. Rich experiences may not go with a high level of empathy.
14. What’s the purpose of the last two paragraphs of the text?
A. To advise a sincere attitude to one’s experiences.
B To suggest a right understanding of empathy.
C. To require a real bond with one’s emotions.
D. To call for true acceptance of one’s feelings.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Empathy Unfolds B. Be Open to Your Emotions
C. Why Is Empathy Important D. Accept Your True Self
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是同理心，以及如何对别人具有同理心。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第二段“If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power. (如果你从来没有把你的手放在火焰中，你就不会知道被火烧的疼痛。如果你没有经历过嫉妒，你就不会理解它会产生什么影响)”可推知，作者通过举例说明解释什么是同理心。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually experienced the widest range and variety of feelings — the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, — is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “can’t relate” to other people, it is likely because they haven’t experienced, acknowledged or accepted many feelings of their own. (在那些情商水平相同的人中，真正经历过最广泛、最丰富的情感的人——比如说，经历过极度抑郁和高度满足感的人——是最能感同身受的人。另一方面，当我们说某人与他人“无法联系”时，很可能是因为他们没有经历、承认或接受自己的许多感受)”可知，影响同理心的因素有两个——丰富的情感和相似的经历，由此推知，作者认为丰富的经历可能并不一定意味着有高度的同理心。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling — to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. (接下来，我们需要意识到我们实际的感受——承认、认同和接受我们的感受)”可推知，文章最后两段呼吁大家真正接受自己的感受，才能做到对他人产生共情。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“Only then can we empathize with others. (只有这样，我们才能同情他人)”可推知，本文主要介绍了如何对他人具有同理心。A项“同理心如何展现”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Leonardo da Vinci and Nature
In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. ___16___ Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. ___17___
Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. ___18___ More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”
“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas. ___19___ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.
___20___ His quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.
A. Leonardo was always drawing.
B. How could these be connected with art?
C. Leonardo’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.
D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.
E. Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.
F. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.
G. Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了Leonardo da Vinci对音乐和思想的方面的见解。
【16题详解】
根据上文In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies.可知，在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。由此可知，此处应是提出疑问——科学与艺术有什么联系。故B选项“这些与艺术有什么联系呢？”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct.可知，他还可以用数学来把事物之间的关系画在一幅画或油画中，使场景看起来是正确的。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明他的哪一副作品体现了这种用数学来联系事物之间的关系。故F选项“你会在《最后的晚餐》这幅画中看到这种定位的一个很好的例子”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”可知，不仅如此，Leonardo相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。他说：“没有数字，什么也做不成。”由此可知，Leonardo喜欢音乐，他相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。故G选项“Leonardo本人是一个非常好的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas.可知，对他来说，实际经验比意见更重要，他从现实到思想进行工作。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明Leonardo的思想。上文中ideas可知对应到C选项中Leonardo’s ideas。故C选项“Leonardo的思想远远超前于他的时代”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape.可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助他捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明Leonardo日常喜欢绘画的情况。故A选项“Leonardo总是在画画”符合上下文语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This past April I visited my parents on the farm I’d grown up on. I ____21____ outside to drink in the feel of “home”, a ___22___ I really needed right then. The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands.
Suddenly an ___23___ sweet smell of lilacs (丁香花) called to me. The lilacs in the distance were indeed in glorious bloom! Hurrying over, I pulled a bunch to my face and ___24___ the intoxicating (令人陶醉的) scent, as I had done every springtime throughout my childhood. A warm delight flowed through my ___25___ bones.
Walking back home, the symptoms of springtime – warmth, ____26____ and beauty – journeyed right along with me. At home, my father sat at the kitchen table, absorbed in the morning market reports.
I _____27_____ announced, “It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom !”
“Lilacs in blossom or not, it isn’t spring until winter is gone,” he contradicted. “We’ll still get a bit of _____28_____ weather.”
But my heart refused to let that ___29___ the lilacs had brought to me disappear. Immediately, I ____30____ the card my mother had sent me just that past week – one that had inspired this trip home. Knowing I was feeling down, she sent a card with a photo of a single flower coming from the crack of rock. Printed on the card were the ____31____ words, “In the midst of winter, I found within me an everlasting spring,” ____32____ by my mother’s words, “Spring has always been your favorite time of year. As always, it’s ____33____.”
These are words that my mother, the optimist, lives by. Even during winter, she ____34____ spring. I love her sense of joy and her willingness to ____35____ it.
21. A. fled B. hid C. wandered D. glanced
22. A. landscape B. shadow C. figure D. comfort
23. A. unexpected B. unfamiliar C. authentic D. ordinary
24. A. cared for B. let out C. held on D. breathed in
25. A. nervous B. chilly C. rough D. strong
26. A. love B. loss C. renewal D. harvest
27. A. calmly B. delightedly C. anxiously D. informally
28. A. wet B. cold C. warm D. fine
29. A. courage B. image C. memory D. pleasure
30. A. received B. reviewed C. recalled D. reminded
31. A. uplifting B. enthusiastic C. challenging D. subjective
32. A. explained B. followed C. suggested D. clarified
33. A. outside B. there C. within D. outdoors
34. A. finds B. admires C. misses D. creates
35. A. predict B. apply C. notice D. share
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的母亲给作者寄卡片，告诉作者无论天有多冷，春天在一个人的心里。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在外面闲逛，享受着“家”的感觉，那是我当时非常需要的一种安慰。A. fled逃离；B. hid躲藏；C. wandered漫游；D. glanced看一眼。由后面的“The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands”可知，作者是到外面去闲逛，因此空格处是“漫游”，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在外面闲逛，享受着“家”的感觉，那是我当时非常需要的一种安慰。A. landscape风景；B. shadow影子；C. figure数字；D. comfort安慰。由前面的“the feel of “home””可知，那是家的感觉，因此对我来说是一种安慰，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，一股意想不到的紫丁香香味扑面而来。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. authentic真实的；D. ordinary普通的。由后文的“Hurrying over, I pulled a bunch to my face”可知，我没有料到我会遇到紫丁香，所以才匆匆赶过去，拉了一束放在脸上，因此空格处是“出乎意料的”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我匆匆赶过去，拉了一束放在脸上，像童年时期每个春天一样，呼吸着醉人的香味。A. cared for关心；B. let out发出；C. held on不挂断；D. breathed in呼吸。由“the intoxicating (令人陶醉的) scent”可知，我是呼吸那个香味，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温暖的喜悦从我冰冷的骨头里流淌。A. nervous紧张的；B. chilly寒冷的；C. rough粗糙的；D. strong强大的。根据第一段的“The cold but fresh early-morning air chilled my nose, ears and bare hands”可知，我感到很冷，因此是冰冷的骨头，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家的路上，春天的征兆——温暖、新生和美丽——一直伴随着我。A. love爱；B. loss损失；C. renewal新生；D. harvest收获。由“the symptoms of springtime”及常识可知，春天的征兆就是“温暖、新生和美丽”，因此空格处是“新生”，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我高兴地宣布:“春天到了!”紫丁香开了!”A. calmly平静地；B. delightedly高兴地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. informally不正式地。由“ “It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom !””可知，我看见春天来了，是高兴地宣布这一点，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气还是会有点冷。A. wet潮湿的；B. cold冷的；C. warm温暖的；D. fine好的。由第一段的“The cold but fresh early-morning air”可知，现在还有点冷，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的心不愿让紫丁香带给我的快乐消失。A. courage勇气；B. image形象；C. memory记忆；D. pleasure快乐。由前面的“I _____7_____ announced”可知，我的心不愿让紫丁香带给我的快乐消失。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻想起了母亲上周寄给我的那张卡片，正是这张卡片激发了我这次回家的灵感。A. received收到；B. reviewed复习；C. recalled回想；D. reminded提醒。由“had sent me just that past week”可知，我是想起了母亲上周寄给我的那张卡片，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡片上印着振奋人心的话。A. uplifting令人振奋的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. subjective主观的。由前面的“one that had inspired this trip home”可知，卡片上是振奋人心的话，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 在隆冬中，我在心中找到了永恒的春天。”接着是母亲的话:“春天一直是你最喜爱的时节。”和往常一样，它就在里面。”A. explained解释；B. followed跟随；C. suggested建议；D. clarified澄清。由“by my mother’s words”可知，卡片上先是一句振奋人心的话，然后再是母亲的话，因此空格处是“跟随”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在隆冬中，我在心中找到了永恒的春天。”接着是母亲的话:“春天一直是你最喜爱的时节。”和往常一样，它就在里面。”A. outside在外面；B. there那里；C. within在......里面；D. outdoors在户外。由前面的“I found within me an everlasting spring”可知，空格处是within，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在冬天，她也能找到春天。A. finds找到；B. admires羡慕；C. misses错过；D. creates创造。由前面的“I found within me an everlasting spring”可知，句子表示作者的母亲即使在冬天，也能找到春天，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱她的快乐感和她分享快乐的意愿。A. predict预测；B. apply应用；C. notice注意；D. share分享。由“her willingness to ____15____ it.”可知，作者的母亲给作者寄来卡片，这是在和作者分享快乐，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild elephants that had been roaming the southern Chinese province of Yunnan for more than three months returned to a “more appropriate” habitat, Chinese experts told Xinhua news agency.
The animals ____36____ (begin) a migration in May from their usual habitat in Xishuangbanna,____37____ region known for its tropical forest, to the north of the province without clear reason. The herd managed ____38____ (cross) the Yuanjiang River Sunday, the main obstacle they had to continue their return to a more favorable habitat. The arrival of the rainy season in the area in July added difficulty ____39____ its crossing, since the river flow has increased ____40____ (considerable). According to Xinhua, authorities blocked the river bank with dozens of trucks to prevent the elephants from crossing, ___41___ (force) them to continue their journey to a bridge, through ___42___ they could cross the river without complications (困难). Chen Mingyong, an elephant researcher at Yunnan University, said the Yuanjiang River ___43___ (be) the dividing line that marks “the suitability of the environment for the life of elephants”. In the north, the original direction the animals took, it is colder and there is less food, ____44____ the Yuanjiang River basin, where they are found, has plenty of food.
According to Chen, elephant habitats can be divided into four ___45___ (category): “highly appropriate, appropriate, normal and inappropriate,” and the animals are now in a suitable one.
【答案】36. began
37. a 38. to cross
39. to 40. considerably
41. forcing
42. which 43. is
44. while 45. categories
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。中国专家告诉新华社，在中国南部省份云南游荡了三个多月的野生大象回到了一个“更合适”的栖息地。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳,一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。 in May 是过去时间，所以谓语动词用一般过去时。故填began。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由的情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳，一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。单数可数名词前用不定冠词，表示一个，region发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周日，象群设法渡过了元江，这是它们必须继续返回更有利栖息地的主要障碍。manage to do设法做成某事。故填to cross。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。add ...to表示增添。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。副词修饰动词，增加是动词用可观的副词修饰。故填considerably。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。前面有谓语动词block，强迫和谓语之间没有连词，可以判断出用非谓语动词，前面这件事和迫使是主动关系用现在分词。故填forcing。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。a bridge是先行词，指物，在定语从句中做介词的宾语。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：云南大学大象研究人员陈明勇表示，沅江是“大象生存环境适宜性”的分水岭。表示客观事实用一般现在时，主语是一条江，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：在动物们迁徙的北方，天气更冷，食物也更少，而它们出没的元江流域，食物却很充足。前面的less food和 后面的plenty of food.形成对比，表示“然而”用while。故填while。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：据陈教授介绍，大象的栖息地可以分为四类:“高度适宜、适宜、正常和不适宜”，而这些动物现在处于适宜的栖息地。four修饰复数名词。故填categories。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报“Growing Pains and Gains”栏目正在进行征文活动。请高三的你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你感受到的压力；
2. 你如何看待并应对的。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Live with Pressure
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Live with Pressure
As is known, senior 3 is a time when we students have tight study schedule, with campus life centering on heavy-loaded homework and countless exams. Like most students, I also feel highly stressed from time to time due to heavy academic tasks.
However, I gradually get accustomed to the fast-pacing life and live it peacefully, as I realize pressure is an inevitable part of our life. Therefore, whenever I feel burdened, I often take some physical exercise, which helps me get refreshed physically and mentally. Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music to cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day. Moreover, when confronted with overloaded pressure, I share my feelings with people around me.
Overall, as long as we can deal with the pressure rationally and learn to live with it, it won’t be a burden but a motivation to strive for a promising future.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“Growing Pains and Gains”为主题写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
考试：tests →exams
因为：because of →due to
习惯：be used to →get accustomed to
此外：Moreover = Besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music to cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day.
拓展句：Besides, I also tend to read books or listen to soft music, which can help cultivate my inner peace after an exhausting day.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is known, senior 3 is a time when we students have tight study schedule, with campus life centering on heavy-loaded homework and countless exams.这句话运用了as 引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] Therefore, whenever I feel burdened, I often take some physical exercise, which helps me get refreshed physically and mentally.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
About a half-mile behind our Minnesota farm lay a pond. In summer, my brother Harry and I would run through a stand of oak trees to skip stones there. The pond wore a collar of black mud. It was not a place for swimming.
In late summer, the pond would be covered by a green and bubbly scum(起泡的浮渣). Sometimes a strong, unpleasant smell rose from it. We stayed away.
When winter came, the pond was once again an inviting place. One day when ice covered it, Harry said to me, “Try walking across.”
The ice looked solid. No water showed through it, but I hesitated. “Go ahead.” Harry urged. “Try it. You’re lighter than I am. If the ice holds, we can run and slide carefully on it. It’ll be fun.” I wanted to please Harry, and I thought about the fun of a long slide on the ice. I began to slide across the pond.
In the middle of the pond, the ice gave way with a sudden crack(裂缝)! I stretched out(伸展) my arms. The next thing I knew I was hanging on to the edge of a hole in the ice by arms outstretched on the ice. From my shoulders down I hung in icy water. I thought of the bottom of the pond. I knew it would be black and awful down there, full of mud and maybe rotting creatures.
I tried to climb out of the hole, but when I got a knee on the ice, it broke like window glass. Again and again I tried to get out. Again and again the ice broke into pieces. The hole widened. I was wearing a coat of heavy material. As it became completely wet, it dragged me down. I was tired of the struggle and rested with my arms stretched out on the ice.
I looked at Harry on shore. He seemed rooted to the spot. “I can’t get out!” I screamed when I caught some breath.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
Harry turned and ran from the pond.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
The moment I crashed through the kitchen door, sobbing, mum rushed over.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He turned and ran from the pond. Staring at his familiar figure out of sight, I wondered:“Is he running for help, or is he running away and leaving me sliding to the bottom? ” After what seemed to be centuries of waiting, I was on the edge of collapse. Suddenly, Harry came back with a branch,which was large, black, and v-shaped. He pushed the branch toward me. I grabbed it immediately and was eventually dragged out of the icy water by Harry. What a narrow escape! We stumbled home, with my clothes dripping water.
The moment I crashed through the kitchen door, sobbing, mum rushed over. She helped me take off my coat, and gave me a quick bath, then passed me a cup of milk to warm me up.I tearfully complained to her about all that had happened and Harry was blamed for getting me involved into such a trouble. His head drooping, Harry made an apology to me. I was comforted and relieved, but in fact, the pond was still attractive to young Harry and me, especially when winter came again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和弟弟Harry冬天在结冰的池塘玩耍，并在Harry的怂恿下在冰面上奔跑和滑行。但池塘中央的冰突然裂开，作者掉进了冰冷的水中，经过一番挣扎也无法爬出。Harry离开很久后终于返回，用找来的树枝救出了作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他转身从池塘边跑了出去” 可知，第一段可描写作者等待Harry回来营救自己时内心想法和漫长过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我哭着冲进厨房门的那一刻，妈妈跑了过来。” 可知，第二段可描写作者获救后回家向妈妈哭诉以及感想。
2.续写线索：作者内心想法——作者获救过程——作者的哭诉——作者的感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.抓住：grab/ catch/ grasp
②.被从冰水中拉出：was dragged out of the icy water/ was pulled out of the icy water
情绪类
①.欣慰：comforted and relieved/ reassured
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Suddenly, Harry came back with a branch, which was large, black, and v-shaped. （使用了由副词作状语修饰后面整个句子和由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. What a narrow escape! （使用了what感叹句）
[高分句型3]. I tearfully complained to her about all that had happened and Harry was blamed for getting me involved into such a trouble. （使用了由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型4].What an unforgettable experience it is!（使用了what感叹句）
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