2020-2021学年上海进才中学高三上英语期中考试卷（含答案）

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A Wrinkle in Time

Travelling faster than the speed of light is something that scientists and science-faction writers have dreamt about for a long time. In theory, if humans were able to do this, they could travel to distant planets in (21) ________ matter of minutes.

In Madeleine L'Engle's novel, A Wrinkle in Time, the idea goes one step further: instead of travelling at great speeds, she processes a theory (22) ________ allows humans to travel through a fifth dimension（维度）. This means that you could get from Earth to another planet in a distant galaxy almost instantly.

First (23) ________ (publish) in 1960. L' Engle's novel has captured the imaginations of young science-fiction fans all over the world for decades -- and now it (24) _______ (turn) into a film. The story follows 13-year-old Meg Murry, played by Storm Reid, who is seen by her classmates and teachers (25) ________ a troublesome pupil. She is the daughter of two world-famous physicists, but is saddened by the mysterious disappearance of her father. To help find her dad, three supernatural beings, Mrs. Who, Mrs. Whatist and Mrs. Which, transport Meg, her genius brother, Charles Wallace, and her classmate, Calvin, through the universe. (26) ________ (travel) through a wrinkling of time and space, also known as "tessering", they are soon transported to worlds that they never thought (27) ________ (exist).

(28) ________ the film follows the story of the book, not everything could be fitted in. One detail that fans of the book may notice is (29) ________ Meg's twin brothers have been written out of the script.

Oprah Winfrey, who plays Mrs. Which, says the film is like The Wizard of Oz for a new generation. "It is a spaced-out Oz, with Meg as the new Dorothy, and I am Glinda [the Good Witch]," she says. "I think of it as a film for generations (30) ________ (come)."

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The days of working in one job until retirement are pretty much over. Nowadays, people are more willing to branch out and try different jobs. This allows for more growth and more fulfillment. But, there are some mistakes to be aware of when you decided to change careers.

1. Making a rash decision

Before changing occupations, you should do a deep __31__ to assess why you want to leave your current one. Ask yourself why you've unhappy - and answer honestly. You may simply be having a bad week or a bad month - or you may just hate your boss, not your industry. We all go through phases of unhappiness with our jobs, but you should be running toward something, not running away from something."

2. Choosing a new career based on salary

You obviously need to be financially __32__ when choosing your next career, and it's easy to look at dollar signs and get drawn toward them, but don't base your decision solely on earning __33__. If you take a high-paying job that doesn't match your interests, values, or strengths, you are not going to be happy. After the initial excitement, the novelty will likely wear off sooner than later.

It's not that you should __34__ salary when evaluating your options, but you must consider other important factors - like work-life balance and room for growth --- in addition to compensation.

3. Not checking out the job market.

Not sure what field you want to go into? __35__ industries and positions to find a good match for your skills and career goals. Otherwise, you're throwing darts in the dark.

4. Quitting without having another job lined up

Research shows it's easier to get a job offer when you're still employed, which makes sense since __36__ on a resume might make a hiring manager think twice about calling you in for an interview. Consequently, it's in your best __37__ to stay at your current job until you have your next one set up.

5. Neglecting your networking

Even if everything you research about the field you've interested in sounds promising, until you actually talk with people who work within that field, you really don't know what you're in for. As such, you should be growing and refreshing your professional __38__ constantly. One of the best ways to expand your circle is to target people working at companies you'd like to work for. Not only will you learn the nuts and bolts, you'll also be more likely to hear about job openings and get internal referrals.

6. Not modifying you resume for a career change

Your resume needs to be __39__ to the new industry you're pursing. Check out some of the job descriptions in your desired field and note that skills and credentials are valued. Which of your skills are __40__? For career changes, a functional resume is more likely to promote your qualifications than a chronological resume.

III. Reading Comprehensions

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Who measures their annual income in the millions? There are the Hollywood stars, of course, who can __41__ a big money over $20 million per film and in sponsorship deals. But the world of __42__ and commerce can easily compete with these pay packets --- and you don't even have to be successful. Dick Fuld, CEO of Lehman Brothers ( a global financial services firm), earned $22 million in 2007, just before the giant company collapsed, while Leo Apotheker, the short-lived head of Hewlett-Packard, is reported to have earned $23 million before being __43__ after just 11 months in the job. So the simple question is: is it __44__ that some people earn so much?

The moral arguments against such extraordinarily large pay packets are obvious: in a world where 22,000 children die each year from factors caused by poverty, how can it be right that a few people get so much? There are plenty of __45__ arguments, too. The more __46__ a society is in terms of income, the more likely its citizens are to suffer from problems like drug addiction, mental illness and ill health. Plus, citizens of more equal societies are much more likely to be happy and to trust each other. In Japan, Sweden and Norway, __47__, more than 60 percent of the population feel that they can trust their fellow citizens.

It's not even __48__ that higher pay leads to better performance. Research conducted by Massachusetts Institute of Technology suggests that rewarding workers with huge amounts of money can be counter-productive. In the study people were given a range of tasks to compete, and financial incentives（刺激）for completing each one. The results showed that the incentives only worked when the tasks involved purely __49__ skills -- equivalent, perhaps, to the tasks done by workers on a production line in a factory. When participants had to think and process information, incentives __50__ worse performance. And the higher the incentive, the worse the performance!

For many, __51__, what is important as a motivator in money is a sense of meaning and purpose in what they do. If their efforts fit with our driving sense of values and life mission, then they will be energized. Isn't that what __52__ us to work harder and to innovate? And many rich people use their large wealth to do great __53__ things. Bill Gates, one of the richest people alive, is using the $65 billions that he earned as founder of Microsoft to try to help poverty-stricken people and get rid of diseases like polio.

In the end, whether you think it's fair that some people earn so much depends partly on the value you attach to __54__ itself. It is, after all, just paper and there's no __55__ that it will solve your problems.

41. A. command            B. pay             C. collect             D. offer

42. A. charity              B. sports            C. finance            D. computer

43. A. promoted            B. fired             C. employed          D. rewarded

44. A. undesirable          B. available          C. justifiable          D. inevitable

45. A. practical            B. political           C. economical         D. scientific

46. A. impossible           B. uncertain         C. immoral            D. unequal

47. A. by contrast          B. for example        C. in conclusion        D. at times

48. A. good               B. essential           C. clear              D. important

49. A. mechanical          B. artistic            C. mental            D. communicative

50. A. kept off             B. resulted from       C. depended on        D. led to

51. A. in short             B. in reality           C. in brief            D. in addition

52. A. forbids             B. drives              C. forces            D. prefers

53. A. charitable           B. profitable           C. technological       D. financial

54. A. performance        B. freedom              C. money             D. argument

55. A. suggestion          B. need                C. doubt              D. guarantee

Section B

Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Uncle Leo gives me a suspicious look when I call this place the 'Scacchi Palace'. It is really a house, called Ca 'Scacchi in Venetian. Anywhere else in the world, this would surely be regared as a palace, although it is one in need of a little care and attention.

Our house is by the side of the little San Cassian Canal and a small square of the same name. We have a door which leads onto the street and two entrances from the water. One runs under a grand, rounded arch into the ground floor of the house, which, as is customary in the city, is used instead of a cellar（地下室）for storing things. The second is used for our commercial activities and it is situated in another building, which is three storeys high, attached to the north side, towards the Grand Canal.

Finally, there is yet another exit; a wooden bridge, with handrails, runs from the first floor of the house between the two river entrances straight over the canal and into the square itself. Consequently, I can wander over it in the morning and find fresh water from the well in the center of the square while still rubbing the sleep from my eyes. Or I may call a gondola（威尼斯小船）from my bedroom window, find it waiting for me by the time I get downstairs and, just one minute later, be in the middle of the greatest waterway on Earth, the Grand Canal of Venice.

The house is almost 200 years old, I am told, and built of bricks of a rich dark brown colour. It has elegant arched windows and green-painted shutters（百叶窗）to keep out the cruel summer heat. I live on the third floor in the third room o the right with a view over the canal and square. When I lie in bed at night, I can hear the chatter and songs of the passing gondoliers and the conversations in the square nearby. I understand why Uncle runs his business here. The prices are not too steep. The location of the house is near the city center and easy for our clients to find. Furthermore, the printing trade has many roots in this area of Venice, even if some of the old publishers from the area no longer exist.

56. According to the writer, in what way is the house typical of Venice?

A. people live and work in the same building.      B. There are several ways of entering it.

C. The storage area is not below ground.         D. It consists of two separate buildings.

57. What does the pronoun "it" (in paragraph 2) refer to?

A. The family business.        B. An entrance         C. A floor           D. A building

58. What does the writer say about his uncle's printing business in the fourth paragraph?

A. It has plenty of customers

B. It is less expensive than others

C. There are other similar businesses in the district.

D. It's the only printing business left in the district.

59. It can be concluded from the passage that the writer regards Venice as ________.

A. a unique and special place to live in       B. somewhere that could never be home

C. a city where it's easy to get lost          D. a place dominated money

(B)

Memory expert Professor Jemima Gryaznov answers your most common questions about memory.

1. ________________

We remember the things that have strong connections in our mind, especially emotional connections. Childhood memories are often very emotional: we experience things for the first time so we have strong feelings of fear of excitement. Retelling events also helps to fix them in our memories and interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again!

2. Do some people really have a photographic memory?

It is well known that some people have an extraordinary memory. Daniel Tammet, for example, can remember the first 22,500 digits of pi and Stephen Wilt-shire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. However, neither Daniel nor Stephen have a photographic memory. There are good at remembering particular things for a limited time. A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture,a book or an event many years later. No one has yet proved that they have a photographic memory in a scientific test.

3. Is computer memory better than human memory?

That depends on what you mean by 'better'! Information in a computer is stored in separate pieces. Human memory is stored in a different way. Each piece of information is connected to many other pieces. That's way a particular smell can bring back memories of a holiday or a person. The problem with human memory is that it is messy and not very accurate. The problem with computer memory is that it can't make connections between pieces of information - it isn't creative.

4. I'm 24. Is my memory getting worse?

Not yet, but it will do soon. Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25. At that point we can remember up to 200 pieces of information a second. After this age, however, the brain starts to get smaller. By the age of 40 we are losing 10,000 brain cells every day. By middle age our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.

5. Is it possible to remember early childhood?

Scientists used to believe that it was impossible to remember very early childhood, but recent research shows that babies are much cleverer tan we previously thought. Some people really can remember being a baby. Others, however, remember nothing before the age of five or even ten!

60. Which of the following questions best fits the blank in the passage?

A. What can we do to improve our memory as we grow older?

B. Can childhood memories help us remember what has happened recently?

C. How do we establish emotional connections with our childhood experiences?

D. Why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week?

61. What can we learn about photographic memory?

A. There is no reliable evidence that it exists.

B. It enables us to remember details in a limited time.

C. We cannot acquire it without specialized training.

D. Only some of us can benefit from it.

62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Information is separately stored in human memory.

B. Human memory declines as the brain gets smaller.

C. Computer memory is better than human memory from any perspective.

D. Whether we can remember our early childhood needs more scientific research.

(C)

In the 2018 film, "The Founder", the character of Ray Kroc promises that the start-up he had taken over from the McDonald brothers "can be the new American church". Kroc understood the power of branding, the advantages of franchising（特许经营）and the attraction of speed in food retailing. McDonald's is now one of the country's biggest food chains with more than 14,200 outlets.

The domestic market is still its most important one, despite the firm's massive global presence. When it reported this week that global sales had dropped by only 5% in the fourth quarter, the number beat expectations. News of a drop in sales in America of just 1.3% was received more sadly. Hopes had risen because of the previous six quarters of domestic growth. At the end of 2015 and in early 2016 the chain had harvested the rewards of introducing the popular all-day breakfast in America.

Still, Steve Easter-brook, the firm's British boss, who took over in March 2015, has lots to be proud of. He has streamlined a new menu, which in America had grown to almost 200 items, by, for instance, getting rid of sandwich wraps and offering one type of quarter-popular with cheese rather than four. He also made the food on offer healthier by, for example, removing artificial preservatives from Chicken McNuggets.

Most analysts approve of his plan to lift the share of restaurants that are franchised even higher, from 83% to 95%. He sold 1,750 struggling company-owned outlets in Asia to a consortium（联合会）. True, the trend to become a brand manager rather than an owner of restaurants was started by Burger King, but McDonald's has excelled at it. The advantage is a predictable income stream.

It has taken an outsider to shift McDonald's culture. Mr. Easter-brook is only the second non-American to run the company. So far, he is succeeding in making it more accountable and flexible, says R. J. Hottovy of Moming-star, an investment-research firm. The firm has become more open to experimentation. It has recently introduced touch-screen self-service equipment, customized burgers and questions-and-answer sections with customers through social media.

This year and next it is planning to introduce mobile ordering and payment in as many as 25,000 outlets worldwide by enhancing its app, which now mainly features only menus and discounts. It is late but it is at last jumping on the digital bandwagon, says John Gordon, a restaurant expert at Pacific Management Consulting Group, who points out that even Dunkin's Donuts, a doughnut chain, offers an advance order-and-pay app. Starbucks, the world's biggest coffee chain, launches its app in 2009 and by autumn 2013 was making 11% of its sales through mobile channels. That is not the only reason for McDonald's to envy the coffee giant: analysts reckon that it will soon overtake Mr. Kroc's creation to become the world's most valuable restaurant chain.

63. By "the number beat expectations." the author means that ________.

A. people are ignorant of the firm's global sales

B. the firm's global sales didn't drop as much as thought.

C. people don't expect too much of the firm's global sales

D. the firm's global sales were affected by the domestic market

64. Why does Steve Easter-brook have lots to be proud of?

A. He took over the firm in March 2015.

B. He helped the firm to prosper again.

C. He introduced healthy foods to the public.

D. He found the drop in international market sales.

65. After becoming the firm's boss, what did Steve Eater-brook do?

A. He designed a new pattern for the menu.

B. He promoted the all-day breakfast to the world.

C. He managed to make Chicken McNuggets last longer.

D. He decreased the number of the outlets the firm owned.

66. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. McDonald's will take over Starbucks as the most valuable restaurant.

B. McDonald's has sold more burgers thanks to social media.

C. McDonald's has taken the lead in using ordering apps.

D. McDonald's used to be quite conservative.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Toshio Fukuda: Medical Robotics Pioneer

Imagine a world in which it's common for a doctor to prepare for a difficult surgery by "operating" on a full-sized, electronically responsive model of a patient. It may seem fantastical, but one engineer is working to make it possible. ________67________ In designing his medical robotic equipment. Dr. Fukuda draws upon a variety of disciplines and skill sets. His work serves as an example of how cooperation across a variety of fields can drive innovation.

Dr. Fukuda's career is case study in how the interaction of vastly different fields can produce exciting results. ________68________ Rather, Dr. Fukuda earned his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering instead of medicine; and his early work focused on finding new ways for robots to move. Shortly thereafter, Dr. Fukuda was approached by a doctor who asked if he could build a robot that could travel inside a human's blood vessels（血管）. Together, they designed a micro-robot that could be used for clearing blocked vessels and performing other delicate operations.

Today, Dr. Fukuda has moved from the world of the micro-robot to that of the macro-robot. ________69________ These types of surgeries are rarely performed by a single doctor. Rather, a team of specialists works together in close coordination to complete an operation. Dr. Fukuda's robots help these teams to train for surgery by giving them the opportunity to try out an entire surgical procedure on a full-scale robotic replica（复制品）of the patient.

________70________  According to Fukuda, "medical robotics is a very interdisciplinary area." It draws upon the expertise of surgeons, medical researchers, robotics engineers, and even computer programmers.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

71.

For the past sixty years, fluoride（氟化物）has been added to the public drinking water in the United States. This measure has greatly improved the health of Americans by enhancing their dental health and bone structure. Thanks to this chemical, the drinking water has been purified and made safe to drink as well.

The primary reason why fluoride is added to drinking water is to prevent the beginning of tooth decay. Fluoride achieves this effect by combining with the enamel（珐琅质）on people's teeth, which helps the teeth remain healthy. Studies conducted over several decades in numerous communities have shown that there has been an average of 12.5 percent less tooth decay and 2.25 fewer teeth lost from decay thanks to fluoride. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention also claims that fluoride water treatment can cause a reduction of tooth decay by almost 30 percent.

Additionally, water treated with fluoride is much purer than untreated water. The reason is that fluoride acts as a cleansing agent. It attacks bacteria and other organisms, essentially removing them from the water. On the basis of this reason alone, the World Health Organization has called on many developing nations, where clean drinking water is not always readily available, to increase the fluoride content in their water supplies.

Some scientists have even pointed out that there is a great idea of evidence that fluoride helps improve the bone structure of people who drink water treated with it every day. Studies have proven that these people's bone densities have increased, and older women have been shown a tendency to suffer from osteoporosis in smaller numbers if they have drunk fluoride-treated water. And bone fractures from simple falls are less common than in populations of people who do not drink fluoride-treated water.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72. 被授予诺贝尔文学奖是一个作家一生中巨大的荣誉。(award v.)

73. 如获批准，我们将如期起动正在开发的生态游项目。(approve)

74. 使用电子设备对语言学习的长期影响，我们仍然知之甚少。(Little)

75. 在他康复出院那天，他向医护人员表达了深深的谢意，感谢他们为治疗他的疾病所做出的巨大努力。(when)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假如你是李华，你校为了丰富校园文化生活，准备开展“英语节”主题活动，你校通过校英语报向全校学生征集有关“英语节”的口号(slogan)及活动建议。你决定向英语报编辑部投稿，谈谈你的建议及设想。

内容必须包括：

1. 你的宣传口号及理由；

2. 你的活动建议。

Listening:    
1-10 DCBAC   BDDAC     11-13 BAD      14-16 BDD      17-20 BACC
Grammar
21. a     ​​22.that/which    ​​23. published  ​​24. has been turned     ​25. as
26. Travelling ​27. existed    ​ 28. Though /Although /While    ​29. that      30. to come
Vocabulary    
31-40   KJFEB  IGCAD  
Cloze        
41-45 ACBCA    46-50 DBCAD    51-55 BBACD
Reading      
56-59 CBCA      60-62 DAB      63-66 CBDD     67-70 BCAE