2022届福建省南平市高三上学期10月联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022届福建省南平市高三上学期10月联考英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届福建省南平市高三上学期10月联考英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman ask the man to remember to do?
A. Go to see her. B. Write to her. C. Phone her.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s really nice to have known you. I’m going to miss you. Don’t forget to give me a ring.
M: OK, I won’t forget it at all.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where might the speakers be?
A. In a restaurant. B. At a stadium. C. At home.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: The game will soon begin.
W: I can’t wait to watch the game. This is the first time that I’ve been to a football game here. I always watch football on TV at home.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we infer from the man’s words?
A. He can’t lend the woman his car.
B. He will have his car repaired.
C. He will borrow the woman’s car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Would you mind if I borrowed your car until Monday or Tuesday next week?
M: I’m sorry that it’s just not possible.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The market. B. The schedule. C. The job interview.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Mrs White, we have to change the schedule again I really want to meet with you. I just need some time to sort out my schedule.
W: Well, I know you are pretty busy. But we have got to work fast on this. Otherwise, we’ll lose the market.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman want to be a chess player?
A. She obeys her father’s plan.
B. She follows the man’s advice.
C. Her coach thinks she might be a champion.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’d choose to be a journalist. What about you, Jane?
W: I’ve just joined the chess club. My coach thinks I have a good chance of becoming a champion. So I’m going to be a chess player.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is the relationship between Gary and the woman?
A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and staff. C. Colleagues.
7. Who lives in San Francisco?
A. Tom. B. Jennifer. C. Gary.
【答案】6. A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi Jennifer. I’m calling to tell you that Wendy and I are leaving tomorrow afternoon.
W: Oh, so soon? I hope you’ve had a good time visiting places and friends here.
M: Yes. We had a great time. Thank you again for the wonderful dinner last Friday. If you and your husband Gary come to San Francisco, please let us know and we are glad to have you as our guests.
W: Thank you, Tom. Have a safe trip.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. How long does the man work a day?
A. Seven hours. B. Eight hours. C. Nine hours.
9 What is the man’s attitude towards his job?
A. He is tired of it. B. He is fond of it. C. He is curious about it.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What sort of hours do you work, Steven?
M: I work from ten till three, then I start again at seven and work until eleven in the evening. Six days a week.
W: What’s hard about the job?
M: We’re standing up all the time. When we’re busy, people get angry and shout.
W: And what’s your secret to doing the job well?
M: Attention to details. Love and be enthusiastic about it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. How does the man feel when he knows the company has the study area?
A. Surprised. B. Embarrassed. C. Proud.
11. What is the woman studying?
A. Clothes making. B. Design. C. History.
12. Who pays for the woman’s study?
A. The company. B. Alice. C. David.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Alice, could you tell me something about your company?
W: Yeah, of course. We have the work area and the study area.
M: What? You have a study area?
W: Yeah. As you can see, David, the work area is over there.
M: And this is during company hours? Does the boss know about this?
W: It’s the boss’s idea. The company pays for employees to do courses. So during our breaks or after seven when we go off work, we can stay on and study in the study area.
M: It sounds excellent. Are you studying at the moment?
W: Yeah, but I’m not studying anything connected with clothes or design.
M: Nothing to do with your job! What are you studying?
W: I’m studying history.
M: The company pays?
W: Yes. It pays for about six of us. I think about six of us are doing online courses.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Why does the man look for a flat?
A. To get out of his parents’ control.
B. To live near the university.
C. To live with someone learning biology.
14. Which of the following is Jack’s major?
A. Pop music. B. Biology. C. French.
15. What does the man play in the band?
A. The piano. B. The guitar. C. The violin.
16. What does the woman mean at the end of the conversation?
A. She advises the man to clean the flat.
B. She invites Peter to live with her.
C. She refuses the man’s request.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Kate. Peter says you're looking for someone to share your flat.
W: That’s right, I’m actually doing that.
M: Well, I’m going to come to the university here and it’s far for me to travel to my parents’ house every day. So could I share your flat?
W: Why not?
M: Oh , that’s great. Does anyone else live there or will it be just the two of us?
W: There’s one other person who is studying biology. His name is Jack.
M: Great, It’ll be really good to live together with people of my own age. I want to find a place where t can have parties and my friends can come and stay. My parents don’t like me making any noise, but you won’t mind, will you?
W: What kind of noise? Music is fine.
M: Good, because t play the guitar in the band. And t also play the violin , but not in the band.
W: Oh, well, I do need to study.
M: Oh, don’t worry, I won’t play it loudly.
W: That’s good.
M: I saw a flat which is very near the university. But it was so tidy that I decided not to live there, I don’t expect you’re tidy either are you?
W: Well, I do prefer to keep the flat tidy. Maybe you should look for another flat.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Why was the speaker’s father proud of him?
A. He found a well-paid job.
B. He earned great amounts of money.
C. He was the first university student in his family.
18. How many shops did the speaker have before selling his business?
A. 120. B. 250. C. 268.
19. What did the speaker do in 2002?
A. He first paid a visit to Africa.
B. He spent much money on race cars.
C. He lent lots of money to farmers.
20. What was the speaker’s first project in Malawi?
A. A hospital. B. A shoe shop. C. A school.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: My father was very proud that I’d been to university—the first in my family to do so, and he hoped I would become a banker or a lawyer. But I started my business when I saw a chance to make money from sports shoes in the early 1980s. The business kept growing, I had 120 shops in 1990, and just before I sold the business in 1998, the figure had grown to 250. I made £268 million from the sale, I thought I had made all the money I would need, I decided to enjoy myself, I spent lots of money on race cars and beautiful houses but after a while , I was bored and wanted to work again, I visited Africa for the first time in 2002 and saw I could offer business advice to farmers who were in difficulty. About five years ago, I started lending small amounts of money to famer and other people all over the world who had nothing but wanted to start their own business. Recently, I’ve been taking part in some projects. We’ve been able to build new schools and set up training programs that teach children about business. The first of these projects to be completed was a hospital in a small town in Malawi this spring.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Simon’s Rock Writing Workshop(研习班)
About it
In 1983, Simon’s Rock of Bard College began offering a three-week writing workshop for high school students. It is now part of the National Writing and Thinking Network, the largest association of summer writing programs and camps in the country. Former participants have gone on to colleges like Amherst, Harvard, Kenyon, Princeton and Yale.
About its staff
The staff are skilled teachers and writers with a special interest in the theory and practice of the nationally recognized Bard College Institute for Writing and Thinking. They are selected for the Simon’s Rock workshop camp because of their record of teaching excellence and their familiarity with the needs and abilities of younger writers.
About its features
Unlike conventional workshops in creative writing, it focuses on using informal, playful and expressive writing as a way to strengthen skills of language and thinking. Out of these informal writing activities, using techniques of peer response, students develop more polished pieces, ranging from personal descriptions to stories and poems. Each weekday consists of three ninety-minute sessions organized as writing and discussion seminars. Workshop leaders write with their students, and there is frequent sharing of this informal writing, both in small groups and in the class as a whole.
Ages: 14-17
Address: Bard College at Simon’s Rock, 84 Alford Road
Telephone number: 4135-297-232
21. Who will most probably attend the workshop?
A. Camping lovers. B. Famous writers.
C. High school students. D. University students.
22. Which of the following can best describe the workshop’s staff?
A. Special. B. Experienced.
C. Young. D. Hard-working.
23. What makes the workshop different from other common workshops?
A. Its lasting time. B. Its kind leaders.
C. The writing way it advocates. D. The serious discussions it holds.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章推荐了Simon’s Rock Writing Workshop写作研习班，并介绍了它的创立历史、教职员工情况以及其教学特色。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1983, Simon’s Rock of Bard College began offering a three-week writing workshop for high school students.(1983年，西蒙巴德石学院开始为高中生提供为期三周的写作课程)”可知，这一研习班是专门为中学生开设的，所以中学生最可能参加学习。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The staff are skilled teachers and writers with a special interest in the theory and practice of the nationally recognized Bard College Institute for Writing and Thinking.(教职员工都是熟练的教师和作家，他们对国家认可的巴德学院写作和思维研究所的理论和实践特别感兴趣)”可知，该研习班的教职员工经验丰富。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike conventional workshops in creative writing, it focuses on using informal, playful and expressive writing as a way to strengthen skills of language and thinking.(与传统的创意写作研习班不同，它侧重于使用非正式的、有趣的和表达性的写作，作为一种加强语言和思维技能的方式)”可知，这个研习班所倡导的写作方式与传统的普通研习班不一样。故选C项。
B
The MOSAiC Expedition(考察), the largest Arctic science expedition in history, came to a close on October 12th, 2020, as the German research ship the Polarstern sailed into the port at Bremerhaven, Germany.
The Polarstern spent the past year traveling across the Arctic Ocean. As it floated across the central Arctic? scientists on board collected many data on the Arctic climate system—its clouds, atmosphere, ocean physics and biology. The mission sought to provide a first-time opportunity to study the rapidly melting Arctic, currently one of the fastest warming parts of the globe, for a full year from the inside out.
“It has been a historic milestone for Arctic research,” Markus Rex, leader of the MOSAiC Expedition, said at a press conference. “We come back with a pool of data and samples that will change Arctic research for a long time.”
The mission wasn’t without its challenges. First, the Polarstern had to find a suitable ice floe(浮冰) to use as its primary research base, strong enough to anchor the ship and support all the research equipment the scientists needed to use. Finding the right floe proved easier said than done. Once the ship was frozen in place, scientists on the Polarstern had to fight with polar bears, cracks in the ice and extreme cold. Despite the trouble? the mission continued as planned.
The expedition ended for the melting Arctic. Last summer was marked by unusually high temperatures and low sea ice extent. In September, as the Polarstern was returning home, Arctic sea ice cover hit its second-lowest extent in recorded history.
Rex said, “You just need your eyes to see that the Arctic ice is dying.” He added, “It’s a region of unique beauty. And we should do everything we can to preserve this region and use the small chance we still have to preserve it.”
24. Why did the scientists go on the expedition to the Arctic?
A. To study the expedition’s history.
B. To do research on its climate system.
C. To find more natural resources.
D. To discover the reasons for global warming.
25. What did Rex think of the expedition?
A. Adventurous. B. Tiring.
C. Interesting. D. Significant.
26. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The difficulties in the expedition.
B. The findings of the expedition.
C. The ways to meet challenges.
D. The ways to make research plans.
27. What does Rex want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. The Arctic is on the way to dying.
B. The beautiful Arctic is well worth visiting.
C. We should take action to protect the Arctic.
D. We should try our best to seize small chances.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是新闻报道。史上规模最大的北极科考工作the MOSAiC Expedition顺利结束。科学家Rex认为此次科考意义重大，他呼吁人们采取行动来保护北极。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段D“As it floated across the central Arctic? scientists on board collected many data on the Arctic climate system—its clouds, atmosphere, ocean physics and biology. The mission sought to provide a first-time opportunity to study the rapidly melting Arctic, currently one of the fastest warming parts of the globe, for a full year from the inside out”（当它漂过北极中部时，船上的科学家收集了许多关于北极气候系统的数据——云、大气、海洋物理学和生物学。该任务试图提供一个从内到外的整整一年时间，从内到外研究迅速融化的北极，目前是全球变暖最快的地区之一）可知，科学家开展此次科考是为了研究北极的气候系统。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“It has been a historic milestone for Arctic research,” Markus Rex, leader of the MOSAiC Expedition, said at a press conference”（这是北极研究的一个历史性里程碑，”MOSAiC探险队的负责人马库斯·雷克斯(Markus Rex)在新闻发布会上说）可知，Rex认为此次科考是个“里程碑”，由此可知它是有重大意义的。故选D。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第四段，尤其是第一句“The mission wasn’t without its challenges”（这一任务并非没有挑战）可知，第四段主要叙述了科学家们在此次科考中遇到的困难。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And we should do everything we can to preserve this region and use the small chance we still have to preserve it”（我们应该尽我们所能来保护这一地区，利用我们仍然拥有的微小机会来保护它）可知，Rex呼吁人们采取行动来保护北极。故选C。
C
All of us face a variety of risks to our health in our daily life. Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.
Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. Thus for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors.
In addition, people exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.
While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.
Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating and cooling systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem.
28. Who will be exposed to indoor air pollution more often according to the text?
A. A driver. B. A housewife. C. A farmer. D. A cyclist.
29. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Sensitive. B. Essential. C. Accustomed. D. Familiar.
30. What can the brochure of EPA and CPSC help people do?
A. Lead a healthier and richer life. B. Throw individual things away.
C. Get rid of the risk of air pollution. D. Reduce the risk of indoor air pollution.
31. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A. To show Americans’ unhealthy lifestyle.
B. To stress the negative influence of pollution.
C. To tell people to reduce the time spent at home.
D. To remind people to take note of indoor air pollution.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现室内空气污染有很大危害，因此我们要更加关注室内空气污染。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities.(科学证据表明，即使在工业化程度最高的城市，室内空气污染也可能比室外空气污染更严重)”可知，一个家庭主妇会更经常地暴露在室内空气污染中。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线部分后一句“Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.”可知，那些暴露在被污染的室内空气中的人包括了小孩、老人和患有慢性病的人，而这些人都是对室内空气污染很敏感的人。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。A. Sensitive.敏感的；B. Essential.必不可少的；C. Accustomed.习惯的；D. Familiar.熟悉的。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.(这本小册子是由美国环境保护署(EPA)和美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)编写的，帮助您决定是否采取行动，以减少您家中的室内空气污染水平)”可知，由EPA和CPSC制定的资料手册中的内容可以帮助人们减少室内空气污染。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.(开车和暴露在环境污染物中都有一定程度的风险。有些风险会限制我们过上美好生活的能力。如果我们有机会做出明智的选择，有些风险我们可能会决定避免。室内空气污染是你可以采取措施的风险之一)”结合文章分析了室内空气污染的危害，以提醒人们注意室内空气污染。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒人们注意室内空气污染。故选D。
D
Researchers reported a blind man who had received a gene of a light-sensing protein can now see and touch objects with the help of special goggles(护目镜).
His vision gains are modest—he cannot see colors or distinguish faces or letters. But if the treatment helps other study participants, it may offer advantages over other vision technologies for severely blind people. For scientists, the result is a milestone: the first published report of using a relatively new technology called optogenetics(光遗传学) to treat a disease in people. “It’s not the kind of vision people dream of, but it’s a big step,” said Jean Bennett of the University of Pennsylvania.
Optogenetics uses light to control neurons. Scientists add the gene to a light-sensitive protein called opsin(视蛋白) from algae or bacteria and then shine light on the cell to cause the opsin to change shape, which switches the neuron’s activity on or off. Since it was developed nearly 20 years ago, optogenetics has mostly been used as a tool to treat animals, brain diseases. But researchers hope it can one day treat diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and blindness.
“The eye is the simplest place to start because it is small and easy to access,” said Botond Roska, a physician-scientist at the University of Base.
The patients in the study have lost the retinal photoreceptor cells(视网膜感光细胞) that use human opsins to turn light into electrical signals relayed to the brain. But their eyes still have the cells that route these signals to the brain via the optic nerve. That means the patients could potentially gain vision by giving these cells a new kind of opsin.
32. What can we know about the result from paragraph 2?
A. It has shortcomings but is important.
B. It can be used to treat blind people now.
C. It is the conclusion of previous research.
D. It is a way to help people become modest.
33. Which is the key to the treatment?
A. New goggles. B. Suitable opsin.
C. Natural proteins. D. Retinal photoreceptor cells.
34. What can we infer about optogenetics from the text?
A. It can benefit both humans and animals.
B. Scientists have never focused on it before.
C. If has been used to treat animals’ blindness.
D. Patients should know something about it.
35. What may be the best title for the text?
A. A Report on a New Protein
B. Ways to Help Patients Stay Healthy
C. Researchers Find Blindness Can Be Cured
D. A Treatment Helps Blind Men Regain Some Vision
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现了一种新疗法，给盲人带来了福音。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“His vision gains are modest—he cannot see colors or distinguish faces or letters. But if the treatment helps other study participants, it may offer advantages over other vision technologies for severely blind people. For scientists, the result is a milestone: the first published report of using a relatively new technology called optogenetics(光遗传学) to treat a disease in people.”（他的视力增长平平——看不清颜色，分辨不出面孔和字母。但如果这种疗法能帮助其他研究参与者，那么它可能会为重度盲人提供比其他视觉技术更好的优势。对科学家来说，这一结果是一个里程碑:首次发表了一份使用名为光遗传学的相对较新的技术治疗人类疾病的报告）由此可知，光遗传学疗法的治疗效果是有限的，但它是首次被报道用来治疗人类的疾病，因此这个研究的结果有不足但也很重要。故选A项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists add the gene to a light-sensitive protein called opsin(视蛋白) from algae or bacteria and then shine light on the cell to cause the opsin to change shape, which switches the neuron’s activity on or off”（科学家们将这种基因添加到一种来自藻类或细菌的光敏蛋白质视蛋白中，然后将光线照射到细胞上，使视蛋白改变形状，从而开启或关闭神经元活动）和最后一段“The patients in the study have lost the retinal photoreceptor cells(视网膜感光细胞) that use human opsins to turn light into electrical signals relayed to the brain. But their eyes still have the cells that route these signals to the brain via the optic nerve. That means the patients could potentially gain vision by giving these cells a new kind of opsin.”（研究中的患者已经失去了视网膜感光细胞，这些细胞利用人类视蛋白将光转化为电信号传递给大脑。但他们的眼睛仍然有细胞通过视神经将这些信号传送到大脑。这意味着患者可以通过给这些细胞一种新的视蛋白来获得视力）由此判断出，视蛋白是控制神经元和传输电子信号的关键。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Since it was developed nearly 20 years ago, optogenetics has mostly been used as a tool to treat animals, brain diseases. But researchers hope it can one day treat diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and blindness.”（自近20年前开发以来，光遗传学主要被用作治疗动物和大脑疾病的工具。但研究人员希望有一天它能治疗帕金森病和失明等疾病。）可知，光遗传学已经被用来治疗动物的脑部疾病。现在它又可以用来恢复盲人一定的视力。因此光遗传学能造福人类和动物。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers reported a blind man who had received a gene of a light-sensing protein can now see and touch objects with the help of special goggles”（研究人员报告说，一名植入了感光蛋白基因的盲人现在可以借助特殊的护目镜看到和触摸物体）由此可知，文章讲述了一个接受了光感蛋白基因的盲人现在可以在特殊护目镜的帮助下恢复一定的视力。所以短文的最佳标题为“一种帮助盲人恢复视力的治疗方法”。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A letter of intent is typically written by a student who is trying to introduce himself to a program a school, or a business that provides an internship(实习). So how do you write a letter of intent? Here are the ways.
Write the letter using the proper format. This is not a casual or friendly letter. ____36____. Use a simple font(字体) such as Times New Roman or Arial.
____37____. Include what year you are in school, what school you currently attend, and any relevant information. For example, if you are writing to the basketball department of a college, it would be appropriate to mention that you are the captain of your high school basketball team.
Next, describe why you are writing the letter. Describe how you first learned about the school or the program, and how you became excited about it.
____38____. Tell the reader why he should consider you for the school or the program. This can be in paragraph form or a list of your accomplishments, You should be specific and be honest.
In the following paragraph, say some good things about the school or the program. Flatter(讨好) the reader, but don’t go overboard with flattery for fear of appearing insincere. ____39____.
Determine the name and address of the right person to receive the letter. You don’t want to address the letter to “Department Head”, or to “Whom it May Concern”. ____40____, it’s not likely to be read by that person. A quick phone call to the program or the place of the business can usually get you the information you need.
A. It needs to look professional
B. Now it’s time to state your qualifications
C. The first step is to seek relevant information
D. Introduce yourself at the beginning of the letter
E. If you don’t know how to write the letter correctly
F. Unless the letter is directly sent to the right person
G. You can say the school or the program is so appealing
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了写意向书的方法和注意事项。
【36题详解】
空格前说“This is not a casual or friendly letter”（意向书不是随意的或朋友之间的信件），而A项It needs to look professional（它需要看起来是专业的）中的professional与前面的casual相对应，因此A选项符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
空格后说“Include what year you are in school, what school you currently attend, and any relevant information”（包括你在哪一年上学，你现在在哪所学校，以及任何相关信息），由此可知，本段是关于自我介绍的，D选项Introduce yourself at the beginning of the letter（在信的开头介绍你自己）引起下文，符合本段主题，故选D。
【38题详解】
空格后说“Tell the reader why he should consider you for the school or the program. This can be in paragraph form or a list of your accomplishments”（你要告诉读者考虑你的理由。你可以用段落或清单形式列出你的成就）这些都与B项Now it’s time to state your qualifications（列出你的资历）意思一致，因此B选项切合题意，故选B。
【39题详解】
本段开头说“In the following paragraph, say some good things about the school or the program”（你要说一些关于所选学校或项目的好话），而G项You can say the school or the program is so appealing（你可以说这个学校或者这个项目很吸引人）能呼应上文，且其中的appealing与前面的good things相一致，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据本段“Determine the name and address of the right person to receive the letter. You don’t want to address the letter to “Department Head”, or to “Whom it May Concern”（确定收信人的姓名和地址。不要把信寄给“部门主管”或“相关人员”）可知，本段主要讲寄意向书时需要注意的事情，F选项Unless the letter is directly sent to the right person（除非这封信是直接寄给正确的人）是关于寄信的，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chris, a single dad turned to a charity SSAFA(英国三军士兵家属协会) after leaving the army, to look after his daughter. Chris said, “____41____, SSAFA helped me through my hardship. Now my daughter is older and I’ve had an opportunity to ____42____ the UK coastal challenge to give back to SSAFA.”
Chris said, “As I left Northern Ireland? I was ____43____ that a special dog be needed to keep me company and to ____44____ my emotional health. You know, I was suffering from depression. And after nine months in Scotland, I ____45____ the rescue dog Jet. We seemed to know each other at the first sight. When in the ____46____ I was always with people, I’d never spent weeks on my own. And it was only when Jet started to walk with me that I realized how much ____47____ means to me.”
While Chris said the ____48____ part of the trip for him was pulling his bad tooth out, it was nothing ____49____ the worry when he found a lump(肿块) on Jet. He recalled, “I noticed a small lump on Jet so I acted ____50____. I made an appointment to do an ____51____ on Jet. I didn’t tell social media supporters until now so as not to ____52____ any panic. The lump was cut down and Jet is well.”
Chris explained, “Four years ago, I, a broken man with no ____53____, left, feeling I had failed in life. Four years later I am a ____54____ man living with Jet I’ve also had 80,000 wonderful followers, raised £206,000 in ____55____ and made so many friends along the way.”
41. A. Suddenly B. Thankfully C. Generally D. Naturally
42. A. require B. allow C. undertake D. consider
43. A. warned B. convinced C. ordered D. suggested
44. A. boost B. record C. evaluate D. check
45. A. locked B. met C. left D. trained
46. A. school B. family C. army D. society
47. A. patience B. respect C. tolerance D. company
48. A. rarest B. worst C. dullest D. palest
49. A. fed up with B. combined with C. related to D. compared to
50. A. precisely B. strangely C. immediately D. frequently
51. A. experiment B. interview C. investigation D. operation
52. A. cause B. remember C. launch D. enhance
53. A. damage B. emotion C. purpose D. challenge
54. A. happy B. horrible C. handsome D. humorous
55. A. tears B. donations C. place D. relief
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一名饱受心理健康问题困扰的退伍军人在一只救援犬的陪伴下，接受英国海岸挑战赛，并为收留过他的慈善机构筹集了一笔财富。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，SSAFA帮我度过了难关。A. Suddenly突然；B. Thankfully感谢地；C. Generally通常；D. Naturally自然而然地。根据空后的“SSAFA helped me through my hardship”可知，Chris对帮助过他的机构应该是感激的。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我的女儿长大了，我有机会参加英国沿海的挑战，以回馈SSAFA。A. require要求；B. allow允许；C. undertake承担；D. consider考虑。由“to ____2____ the UK coastal challenge”可知，Chris说他的女儿长大了，现在他有机会去接受英国海岸挑战赛来回报SSAFA。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人建议我需要一只特殊的狗来陪伴我，促进我的情绪健康。A. warned警告；B. convinced说服；C. ordered命令；D. suggested建议。由“that a special dog be needed to keep me company”可知，Chris被建议通过找一只援救犬来陪伴他，以调节他的情绪。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 有人建议我需要一只特殊的狗来陪伴我，促进我的情绪健康。A. boost促进；B. record记录；C. evaluate评估；D. check检查。由“my emotional health”和“I was suffering from depression”可知，有人建议我需要一只特殊的狗来陪伴我，促进我的情绪健康，故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在苏格兰待了9个月后，我遇到了救援犬Jet。A. locked锁；B. met遇见；C. left离开；D. trained训练。由后文的“We seemed to know each other at the first sight”可知，我遇到了救援犬Jet，故选B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在部队的时候，我总是和别人在一起，我从来没有独自呆过几个星期。A. school学校；B. family家；C. army军队；D. society社会。由“I was always with people”可知，当Chris在军队的时候，他总是和别人在一起，故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到Jet开始和我一起走路，我才意识到陪伴对我来说有多重要。A. patience耐心；B. respect尊敬；C. tolerance忍受；D. company陪伴。由“Jet started to walk with me”可知，直到Jet开始和我一起走路，我才意识到陪伴对我来说有多重要，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然克里斯说，对他来说，最糟糕的是把坏牙拔出来，但这与他在Jet身上发现肿块时的担心相比，根本不算什么。A. rarest最罕见的；B. worst最坏的；C. dullest最呆板的；D. palest最苍白的。由后文的“pulling his bad tooth out”可知，对他来说，最糟糕的是把坏牙拔出来，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然克里斯说，对他来说，最糟糕的是把坏牙拔出来，但这与他在Jet身上发现肿块时的担心相比，根本不算什么。A. fed up with受够了；B. combined with与......结合；C. related to和......有关；D. compared to和......相比。由“it was nothing ____9____ the worry when he found a lump(肿块) on Jet”可知，这与他在Jet身上发现肿块时的担心相比，根本不算什么，因此空格处是“和......相比”，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我注意到Jet身上有个小肿块，所以我立即采取了行动。A. precisely准确地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. immediately立刻；D. frequently通常。由“I made an appointment to do an ____11____ on Jet”可知，我注意到Jet身上有个小肿块时立即采取了行动，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我约好了给Jet做手术。A. experiment实验；B. interview采访；C. investigation调查；D. operation手术。由后文的“ any panic. The lump was cut down”可知，Jet做手术切除了肿块，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我直到现在才告诉社交媒体的支持者，以免引起恐慌。A. cause引起；B. remember记得；C. launch发射；D. enhance提高。由“I didn’t tell social media supporters until now so as not to ____12____ any panic”可知，我直到现在才告诉社交媒体的支持者，以免引起恐慌，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：四年前，我是一个心碎的人，没有目标，离开了，觉得自己的生活失败了。A. damage破坏；B. emotion情绪；C. purpose目标；D. challenge挑战。由“a broken man with no”和“feeling I had failed in life”可知，四年前，我是一个心碎的人，没有目标，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四年后，我和Jet一起生活得很幸福。A. happy幸福的；B. horrible可怕的；C. handsome帅的；D. humorous幽默的。由第二段的“We seemed to know each other at the first sight”可知，我和这条狗的关系很好，因此是一起生活得很幸福，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也有了8万名粉丝，筹集了20.6万英镑的捐款，一路结交了很多朋友。A. tears眼泪；B. donations捐赠；C. place地方；D. relief放松。由“raised £206,000”可知，他是筹集了20.6万英镑的捐款，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yang Liwei was 38 years old when he went to space on the Shenzhou V, ____56____ (make) China the third country to master manned space capabilities.
In his article, Yang recalled several breathtaking ____57____(moment). He said, “When the rocket lifted to a height of about 30-40 kilometers, I felt it began to vibrate(振动) ____58____(violent), and it was extremely painful.” Vibrations in the spacecraft below 10 Hz can damage internal organs, and even threaten a person’s life. The near-deadly moment lasted for 26 seconds. When it was finally over, Yang felt like he had been reborn.
Yang also described mysterious knocking sounds from outside the craft. He still doesn’t know where they came from. He also described ____59____ his city looked like from space. “I flew over Beijing and saw the mountains in the daytime and sparkling(闪烁的) lights ____60____ night. And there live my friends and my ____61____(love) ones.”
After his return, Yang reported the ____62____(normal) vibrations to scientists, who solved the issue before the Shenzhou VI’s launch. So far, a number of new technologies ____63____(apply) to the core cabin(核心舱), Eighteen years after his first trip to space, Yang said with a smile he even “envied” ____64____(he) fellow spacemen who now have such comfortable space accommodations, ____65____ show how China’s space program has grown.
【答案】56. making
57. moments
58. violently
59. what 60. at
61. loved 62. abnormal
63. have been applied
64. his 65. which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了宇航员杨利伟在他的文章中回忆火箭发射时，宇航员所承受的压力以及他在太空中的感受。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当杨利伟乘坐神舟5号进入太空时，他38岁。使中国成为第三个掌握载人太空技术的国家。根据句意，本空要用make的现在分词形式作状语。故填making。
2. 考查名词单复数。句意：在文章中，杨利伟 回忆了几次激动人心的时刻。根据前面的several可知，此处moment要用复数形式。故填moments。
3. 考查副词。句意：当火箭进入到大约39-40千米的高空时，我感觉它在猛烈地振动。这是极端得痛苦。本空要用副词violently修饰动词vibrate。故填violently。
4. 考查名词性从句。句意：他也描述了从太空看到的北京城的样子。described后面是个宾语从句，从句中的like后面缺少宾语，所以要用what引导。故填what 。
5. 考查介词。句意：我飞越北京上空时，在白天，我看见山；在晚上，我看见灯光闪烁。at night是常见结构，意为“在晚上”。故填at。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里住着我的朋友和我所爱的人们。此处loved意为“被爱的”作定语，修饰ones。故填loved。
7. 考查形容词。句意：返回地面以后，他向科学家汇报了这种不正常的振动，在神舟6号发射前，科学家解决了这个问题。空处需填形容词作定语，abnormal是normal的反义词，是形容词，表达：不正常，故填abnormal。
8. 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，许多新的技术已经被应用到核心舱。根据本句前面的So far可知，此处要用现在完成时。而且technologies和apply之间构成了被动关系，所以本空要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been applied。
9. 考查代词。句意：杨利伟 微笑着说。他甚至嫉妒他现在的同伴有如此舒适的太空住宿条件。his fellow spacemen意为“他的同行们”。故填his。
10. 考查定语从句。句意：这表明中国的太空项目已经取得了很大的进展。此处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是space accommodations，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校的书法俱乐部正在招募新成员。请给你的交换生朋友John写封邮件，邀请他加入这个俱乐部，内容包括：
1. 简介该俱乐部；
2. 加入后的好处；
3. 报名方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours’
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’m writing to invite you to join the calligraphy club of our school. Set up in 2015, it consists of 65 members who have great interest in writing Chinese characters.
For us Chinese, calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of the characters. So I strongly suggest your participating in the club. I promise you can feel the attraction of writing Chinese characters. Besides, you can know more about Chinese traditional culture.
Please send your personal information to the club directly and I hope you can enjoy the charm of calligraphy!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友John写封邮件，邀请他加入学校的书法俱乐部。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表达：convey→express
建议：suggest→advise
另外：besides→moreover
对......很感兴趣：have great interest in→be extremely interested in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So I strongly suggest your participating in the club.
拓展句：So I strongly suggest that you should participate in the club.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Set up in 2015, it consists of 65 members who have great interest in writing Chinese characters. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I promise you can feel the attraction of writing Chinese characters. (运用了省略了引导词that的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tess was eight years old when she heard her mother and father talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they were completely out of money.
Only a very costly surgery could save him and it was looking like there was no one to loan them the money. She heard her father say to her tearful mother with whispered desperation, “Only a miracle(奇迹) can save him now.”
Tess went to her bedroom and pulled a glass jar from its hiding place. She poured all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Placing the coins back in the jar and twisting on the cap, she slipped out the back door and made her way to Rexall’s Drug Store.
She waited patiently for the pharmacist(药剂师) to give her some attention but he was too busy at that moment. Finally she took a quarter from her jar and banged it on the glass counter. It worked. “And what do you want?” the pharmacist said, “I’m talking to my brother from Chicago whom I haven’t seen in ages.” Tess replied, “My little brother, Andrew, has something bad growing inside his head and my father says only a miracle can save him now. So how much does a miracle cost?” “We don’t sell miracles here, little girl. I’m sorry but I can’t help you,” the pharmacist said.
The pharmacist’s brother was a well-dressed man. He came up and asked her “What kind of miracle does your brother need?” “I don’t know,” Tess replied with her eyes welling up. “I just know he is really sick and my mother says he needs an operation. But she can’t pay for it, so I want to use my money.” The man from Chicago asked, “How much do you have?” “One dollar and eleven cents,” Tess answered.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The man touched Tess’s head and smiled.
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In fact, the man was a famous doctor.
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【答案】 The man touched Tess’s head and smiled. He told Tess that the money was the exact price of a miracle for her little brother. He took her money in one hand and he grasped her hand with the other hand. He asked her to take him to where she lived. He wanted to see her brother and meet her parents. He told Tess he had the kind of miracle she needed.
In fact, the man was a famous doctor. He promised to help the poor girl. The operation was completed without charge and it wasn’t long before Andrew went home again. Tess’s Mom and Dad were happily talking about the chain of events that had led them to this place. “That surgery was a real miracle. I wonder how much it would have cost,” her Mom whispered. Tess smiled and she knew exactly how much the miracle cost—one dolar and eleven cents plus the faith of a little child.
【解析】
【分析】本文以一个八岁女孩Tess为生病的弟弟Andrew买miracle(奇迹)为线索，讲述了Tess听父母谈论只有奇迹才能救弟弟，于是她将自己的零花钱取出去药店买miracle(奇迹)，药剂师的哥哥听说她的事情后就去她家里了解情况，最后通过手术救了她弟弟，原来药剂师的哥哥是一位著名的医生。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这个人摸摸她的头，笑了。”可知，第一段可描写这个人想帮助她，了解她家的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“事实上，他是一名著名医生”可知，第二段可描写他帮助她的弟弟做手术，挽救她弟弟的经过。
2.续写线索：了解情况——去她家里——承诺帮忙——做手术——不收费——感悟奇迹是什么
3.词汇激活
行为类
①见面：meet/visit/pay a visit to
②.承诺：promise/ ensure/guarantee
③完成：complet/finish/end
情绪类
①.高兴地：happily/merrily/joyfully
②.微笑：smile/laugh
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He asked her to take him to where she lived.（由连接副词where引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Tess’s Mom and Dad were happily talking about the chain of events that had led them to this place.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）