初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A优秀学案

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A优秀学案，共15页。学案主要包含了 提建议的表达方式等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、情态动词shuld与culd的用法
1. shuld的用法
shuld为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为＂应该＂，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shuldn’t。
☞ Maybe she shuld say srry t yu. 也许她应该跟你说对不起。
2. culd的用法
culd既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以作情态动词表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为culdn’t。
☞ Yu culd g ut and buy her sme medicine. 你可以出去给她买些药。
二、 提建议的表达方式
1. 用Why 来提出建议，表示＂何不……?＂，nt后接动词原形。＂Why ＂实际上是＂Why dn’t ＂的简略形式。
☞ Why nt meet at the schl gate at eight? 何不8点在校门口见面？
☞ Why dn’t we stay here anther day? 我们为什么不在这儿再待一天呢？
2. 用＂Wuld/Culd yu ＂来提出建议或请求。此句式中的wuld/culd并非是动词过去式，而是表示说话者的语气较为委婉。
☞ Culd yu please tell me hw t get t the pst ffice? 请你告诉我怎么才能到邮局好吗？
☞ Wuld yu please g hiking with me? 和我一起去远足好吗？
3. 可以用＂Will ＂表示委婉地提建议或请求。
☞ Will yu g t Jinan with us? 你和我们一起去济南好吗？
4. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。
☞ Shall we g swimming this afternn? 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？
☞ Shall I pen the windw and clse the dr? 我把窗户打开，把门关上好吗？
5. 可以用＂Let’s...＂来提出建议或征求对方意见。
☞ Let’s make it a little earlier, OK? 我们把时间定早一点好吗？
6. 用＂What abut/Hw ＂来提出建议，abut是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。
☞ What abut writing back t him abut it? 要不要就这事给他回一封信？
7. 用＂Wuld yu ＂来提出建议，意思是＂你想要……吗?＂，wuld yu like后可接名词或动词不定式。
☞ Wuld yu like a cup f tea? 你想要杯茶吗？
8. 回答建议的表达方式
（1）同意对方的建议时，一般用：
Gd idea. / That’s a gd idea.
OK. / All right. / Yes, please. / Yes, I’d lve t.
N prblem. / I agree with yu.
Sure. / Of curse. / Certainly.
Yes, I think s.
（2）对对方的建议表示拒绝时，一般用：
I dn’t think s. / Srry, I can’t. / Srry, but...
I’d lve / like t, but... / I’m afraid...
—I have a tthache. What shuld I d?
—_________________
A. Lucky yu!B. Yu’d better wrk hard.C. Why nt see a dentist？
【答案】C
三、until，s that，althugh的用法
1. until的用法
（1）作介词，表示＂直到……为止＂。
☞ The meeting may last until Friday. 会议可能要延续到星期五。
☞ Mark will be wrking until 5 ’clck. 马克将一直工作到五点钟。
【注意】
由上面两个例句可知：until用于肯定句中表示动作一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止，即表示动作的终点，意为＂直到……为止＂。在这种用法中，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如：live，wait，last，lve，like，stay，wrk等。
—Jack didn’t g t bed _________________ 12 ’clck last night.
—That’s why he was late fr schl this mrning.
A. untilB. frC.tD.at
【答案】A
（2）作连词，表示＂直到……为止；在……以前；不到……（不）＂。
①用于肯定句中
☞ Please wait here until I cme. 请在这里等到我来。
②用于否定句中
☞ I wn’t stp shuting until yu let me g. 你不放开我，我就一直喊叫。
【注意】
until作连词用于否定句中，从句的动作先发生，主句的动作后发生，意为＂直到……才……＂。
—Shall we g nw?
—N, let’s wait _________________ the rain stps.
A. untilB. whenC. ifD.as
【答案】A
【解析】本题用语境判断法。until直到……才；when 当……的时候；if如果；as当……的时候，由于。由语境可知此处是表达让等到我们雨停了。故选A。
2. s that的用法
（1）s that引导目的状语从句，从句谓语动词常用情态动词may/might/can/culd等。
☞ We went early s that we culd get gd seats. 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
I lked thrugh my test paper again and again _________________ I wuldn’t make any mistakes.
A. sB. becauseC. s that
【答案】C
（2）s that引导目的状语从句，当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用＂s as t(in rder t)＋动词原形＂转化为简单句。
☞ He gt up early s that he culd catch the early bus.
=He gt up early in rder t/s as t catch the early bus.
为了赶早班公交车他起床很早。
（3）s that还可以与in rder that互换。
☞ He wrked day and night s that/in rder that he culd succeed. 他夜以继日地工作为的是成功。
【知识拓展】
3. althugh的用法
（1）althugh较正式，引导的从句放在主句的前后均可。
☞ Henry ften helps me with my math althugh he is quite busy. 尽管亨利很忙，但是他经常帮助我学习数学。
（2）althugh不能与but连用，但可与yet，still连用。
虽然他老了，但是他工作努力。
Althugh he was ld, but he wrked hard.（×）
Althugh he was ld, he wrked hard.（√）
Althugh he was ld, yet he wrked hard.（√）
_________________ he was very tired, he cntinued wrking in his ffice.
A. BecauseB. SinceC. Althugh
【答案】C
【解析】本题用语境判断法。because 因为；since自从；althugh尽管。由语境可知，尽管他非常累了，他还是继续在办公室里工作。故选C。学/科*网
Ⅰ. 从A—H中选出与1—8中的问题相对应的建议
1. Sam’s mther feels really tired.______________________
2. Aisha wants t wear a headscarf(头巾) t schl.______________________
3. Jhn’s friend wants t date(约会) his sister.______________________
4. Qing Yuan needs sme extra(额外的) pcket mney.______________________
5. Ken wants t read mre bks.______________________
6. Su Lin’s friends think her clthes are ut f style.______________________
7. Qing Yuan’s stere(音响) is brken.______________________
8. Her parents can’t find a gd tutr.______________________
A. He culd ask his parents fr sme.
B. She shuldn’t wrk s hard.
C. He culd g t the library.
D. They shuld help her buy mre fashinable clthes.
E. She shuld talk t the principal (校长).
F. He culd invite her ut.
G. Why dn’t they ask the class teacher?
H. He culd ask fr a new ne fr his birthday.
Ⅱ. 用适当的连词填空
1. Dn’t wrry, I’ll phne yu __________ __________ __________ I get there.
2. The drunk man didn’t leave the statin __________ his wife came yesterday.
3. Jim spends a lt f mney n bks __________ he is nt rich.
4. We wn’t have supper __________ my mther cmes back.
5. Speak t him slwly __________ he may understand yu better.
6. —D yu have a bigger swimming pl?
—N, we dn’t. At least, nt __________ big __________ yurs.
7. That is __________ an interesting bk __________ I can’t stp reading it.
8. —Is David at schl tday?
—N. He is at hme __________ he has a bad cld.
9. The teacher speaks very ludly __________ all the students can hear her.
10. We can easily becme unhappy __________ we wrk ut ur prblems in ur daily life.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 你应该努力学习英语。
Yu _________________ _________________ _________________ at English.
2. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。
We _________________ _________________ _________________ thers.
3. 昨天她怎么啦？
What _________________ _________________ with her yesterday?
4. 我可以借你的自行车吗？
_________________ _________________ _________________ yur bike?
5. 我该怎么办呀？
What _________________ I _________________?
6. 你应该在睡前刷牙。
Yu _________________ _________________ yur teeth befre yu g t bed.
7. 你不应该天天玩游戏。
Yu _________________ _________________ games every day.
8. 他们应该在天黑前到达。
They _________________ arrive befre dark.
Ⅳ. 按要求完成下列句子
1. My bike is brken. (对画线部分提问)
_________________ _________________ _________________ yur bike?
2. Her little daughter culd sing this sng tw years ag. (改为一般疑问句)
_________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ this sng tw years ag?
3. What’s wrng with Jack? (改为同义句)
What’s _________________ _________________ with Jack?
4. I ften argue with my parents. (提出适当的建议)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Culd yu ride a bike when yu were fur? (作肯定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Yu shuld get up early. (改为否定句)
Yu _________________ _________________ up early.
7. Yu shuld get her a scarf. (对画线部分提问)
_________________ _________________ I get her?
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 单项选择
1. （2016·重庆B）Our Chinese teacher didn’t g t bed _________________ he finished his wrk last night.
A. ifB. until
C. sinceD. because
2.（2016·泰安）—Hw d yu like yur new schl, Kate?
—It is very clean and beautiful _________________ it is a bit small.
A. ifB. since
C. unlessD. althugh
3.（2016·内江）—What a fine day! Let’s g fishing.
—_________________. When shall we g?
A. Very wellB. Gd idea
C. Well dneD. My pleasure
4.（2015·重庆A）Julie didn’t leave her ffice _________________ the plice arrived.
A. hweverB. whenever
C. whileD. until
5.（2015·衡阳）—Shall we climb hills this Sunday?
—_________________.
A. Gd ideaB. Yu’re welcmeC. Yu’re right
6. —What shuld I buy fr my mther’s birthday?
—_________________ buy her a new dress？Yur mther likes wearing dresses.
A. Why d yuB. Why dn’t yu
C. Hw abutD. Shall I
7. —Culd yu please _________________ in the rm?
—Oh, I’m srry.
A. nt smkingB. nt smke
C. nt t smkeD. dn’t smke
8. —_________________ yu rw a bat at the age f 10?
—N, but nw I _________________.
A. Can；canB. Can；culd
C. Culd ；canD. Culd；culd
9. Why nt _________________ bating with us in the park?
A. t gB. gingC. g
10. Mr Green _________________ g t bed _________________ he finished his wrk last night.
A. des；untilB. dn’t；untilC. didn’t；until
11. We gt up early _________________ we culd catch the early bus.
A. s thatB. that
C. such thatD. in rder t
12. _________________ he is very yung, _________________ he can d many things.
A. Althugh；butB. Althugh；/
C. /；althughD. But；althugh
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. 完形填空
Mm and Dad are tw f the mst imprtant peple in yur life. They might affect yu mre than anyne 1 yu will meet. Fr example, if yur mm lves t read, yu might grw up carrying a bk wherever yu g, just as she des. But many kids can’t get alng well with their parents. Sme kids aren’t 2 their parents. They always think their parents can’t understand them.
Hw can children get n well with their parents? Here are sme tips fr yu.
1. Spend mre time tgether. Dn’t spend s much time playing cmputer games r watching TV. Yu can ask 3 f yur parents t play with yu. G utside tgether, r try t play sme new games.
2. Share yur feelings with them and ask them fr help. Many kids want t get their parents’ help when they’re 4 , but yur mm r dad might nt knw that yu are having a prblem. Tell them 5 happened t yu.
3. D yur best at n matter what yu d. Yu dn’t have t be perfect, but when yu d yur best, yu’ll make yur parents prud f yu. It makes them happy t see that yu’re turning int 6 a great kid. Why? Because it lets them knw they are ding a gd jb.
4. Put 7 in yur parents’ shes. Smetimes yu might have yur fights and arguments, but yu shuld find a chance t have a talk with them. Befre 8 with yur parents, take a few deep breaths and try t see the prblem frm their pint f view (观点). While talking, yu 9 keep calm, dn’t raise yur vice, even if yur parents ＂turn up the vlume(音量).＂
Nw are yu still wrried that yu can’t get alng well with yur parents? In fact, as lng as yu can fllw the suggestins mentined abve, yu will 10 in getting alng well with yur parents. Please take actin frm nw n!
1. A. therB. elseC. anther
2. A. kind tB. strict withC. satisfied with
3. A. bthB. eitherC. neither
4. A. upsetB. happyC. excited
5. A. thatB. whichC. what
6. A. veryB. sC. such
7. A. urselvesB. yurselfC. themselves
8. A. cmmunicateB. cmmunicatinC. cmmunicating
9. A. mayB. have tC. must
10. A. successB. successfulC. succeed
= 7 \* ROMAN VII. 短文还原
Yur parents might nt realize hw imprtant their health is t yu. Nw it’s yur chance t let them knw!
●Think abut it befre starting
Befre yu talk with yur parents, it helps t get clear n what yu want them t d. 1. _________ Get mre exercise? Get mre sleep? If yu want a parent t lse weight, yu’d better find ut the disadvantage f being heavy and hw great they will feel after eating healthy fd r exercising mre.
●2. _________
Pick a mment when everyne’s relaxed and there’s time t talk. Say smething like: ＂Dad, I care abut yur health and I wrry yu’re s busy that yu dn’t have time fr exercise.＂ Let parents knw yu are willing t make the change yurself. Fr example, say yu’d be willing t walk tgether after dinner.
●Cme up with a plan tgether
Has yur mm r dad agreed t yur ideas? Well dne! Let’s say the change yur mm r dad agreed t is eating healthier fd. 3. _________ Examples are: I’ll eat five fruits every day. I’ll eat breakfast every mrning.
●Shw yur encuragement and understanding
It’s nrmal if yur parents fail at first. If parents want t give up, encurage them t keep ging. If yu’re making a change tgether, yu can say, ＂Well，dn’t wrry. Let’s start fresh and g n with ur plan tmrrw.＂ 4. _________ Let yur parents knw yu lve and care abut them fr what they’re ding and that it means a lt t yu.
●What if a parent says ＂N＂?
If parents dn’t fllw yur ideas, ask them(gently): ＂Culd yu at least think abut it fr me? 5. _________ Hw many times have yu pushed back n smething they asked yu t d, but then later thught mre abut it?
Sn yu’ll be grwn and ut f the huse. Here’s yur chance t set yur parents n the right way.
= 8 \* ROMAN VIII. 语法填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
In mdern sciety the cmpetitin is s enugh, but team spirit can lead us t success. Team spirit means the willingness f peple t wrk t 1 and help each ther as part f a team. With this spirit, peple try hard t make their team the best f all. E 2 has experienced team spirit ne way r anther, whether they were part f a team r saw a grup f peple cheer fr their f 3 player.
There are different kinds f team spirit. One kind is the cnnectin between a team f peple because their effrts and cperatin(合作) are n 4 in reaching a particular gal. Anther kind is when a grup f peple supprt a persn r a team. Anther is peple’s natural lve fr and pride in their cuntry, w 5 all the peple f the natin cheer fr their cuntry in cmpetitins.
Team spirit creates varius gd effects. It creates friendship and trust(信任) between peple wh may nt get alng well when they dn’t have such team spirit. There may als be bad effects. T great team spirit may c 6 fights r quarrels with ther team members.
Sme peple dn’t u 7 team spirit prperly. They think team spirit means having t becme a m 8 f a team r a fan club. In fact, team spirit can be built anywhere — between friends, cwrkers r e 9 between tw peple sitting next t each ther. Yu dn’t h 10 t wear the team spirit clthes. Anyne can shw team spirit just by shwing supprt fr the gal.
Ⅰ. 将1—8中的问题与A—H中的建议进行连线
1. B2. E3. F4. A5. C6. D7. H8. G
Ⅱ. 用适当的连词填空
1. as sn as 【解析】根据句意可知as sn as＂一……就……＂符合语境。
2. until 【解析】根据didn’t判断使用until构成nt until＂直到……才……＂。
3. thugh 【解析】根据句意：Jim花很多钱买书，尽管他不富裕。这两句话之间应该是转折关系，并且含有＂他不富＂这个事实并没有阻止＂他花很多钱买书＂这个事实，因此含有让步的意思，故填thugh。
4. until 【解析】本句话的句意应为：我妈妈回来我们才吃饭。这完全符合nt…until结构的意思。
5. s that 【解析】前后两句话的句意：跟他讲话慢点，他或许能更理解你。很明显后句话是前句话的结果，故填s that。学科*网
8. because 【解析】前后两句话句意：他在家，因为他得了重感冒。很明显后句话是前句话的原因，故用because。
9. s that 【解析】句意：为了让所有的学生都能听见她说话，老师声音很大。根据句意可知，后句是前句的结果，因此要用s that引导结果状语从句。
10. unless 【解析】句意：除非我们日常生活中能解决我们的问题，否则我们的心情很容易变得不愉快。根据句意可知要用unless来连接此条件状语从句。[来源:学.科.网]
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. shuld wrk hard2. shuldn’t laugh at3. was wrng
4. May I brrw5. shuld；d6. shuld brush
7. shuldn’t play8. shuld
Ⅳ. 按要求完成下列句子
1. What’s wrng with2. Culd her little daughter sing3. the matter
4. I think yu shuld talk t them ften.5. Yes, I culd.
6. shuldn’t get7. What shuld
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 单项选择
1. B 【解析】考查连词。句意：昨天晚上我们的语文老师直到完成了他的工作，才去睡觉。A. if 如果；B. unti直到；C. since自从；D. because因为。故选B。
2. D 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：——凯特，你觉得你的新学校怎么样？——尽管它有点小，但是它非常的干净、美丽。if如果，表示条件关系；since自从……，表示时间关系；unless如果不，引导条件状语从句；althugh尽管，虽然，表示让步关系，故选D。
3. B 【解析】句意：——多么好的天气啊。为什么不出去野餐呢？——好主意。我们走吧。A. Pardn me再说一遍；B. I’m afraid nt恐怕不行；C. Sunds cl听起来很酷。由后句“Let’s g.”（我们走吧）可以推测出，前句赞同该提议。故选C。
6. B 【解析】此题用正确把握语境法，即通过对语境的分析来确定答案。分析上下文可知这是一个表达建议的语境，常用＂Why dn’t ＂和＂Hw ＂来表达。根据＂buy＂可知选B项。
7. B 【解析】本题中情态动词culd后应跟动词原形，否定形式只需在culd后加nt，或在主要谓语动词前加nt，故本题选B。
8. C 【解析】句意：——你十岁的时候会划船吗？——不会，但是现在我会。Culd用于一般疑问句，表示一种委婉的语气；can用于肯定答语时，表示肯定＂会＂。故选C。
9. C 【解析】Why nt =why dn’t yu＂为什么不做……呢＂，用于提建议，后接动词原形。句意＂为什么不和我们一起去公园划船呢？＂，故选C。
10. C 【解析】句意：昨天晚上格林先生一直到完成他的工作之后才上床睡觉。因为是昨天晚上发生的事情，用过去时态，故选C。
11. A 【解析】由题干可知句意为：我们早早地起床以便于能赶上早班车。s that 以便于，以至于；表示＂如此……以至于……＂； 表示＂如此……以至于……＂；in rder t d sth表示＂为了做某事＂。由以上分析可知答案是A。
12. B 【解析】句意：虽然他很小，可他会做许多事情。althugh的意思是＂尽管，虽然＂，引导的是让步状语从句。but的意思是＂但是＂，构成的是并列句。在一个句子中but和althugh是不可以连用的，but放在句中，althugh放在句首。故选B。
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. 完形填空
【文章大意】本文叙述父母是对孩子影响最大的人，讲述了孩子如何与父母好好相处的一些建议。
1. B 【解析】考查代词的用法及语境的理解。句意：他们可能会影响你超过其他任何你会遇到的人。A. ther其他的；B. else；其他的；C. anther另一个。与anyne不定代词连用，故选B。
2. C 【解析】考查形容词的用法及语境的理解。A. kind t 对某人友好；B. strict with 对某人严格；C. satisfied with对某人满意。根据句意：有些孩子对他们的父母不满意。故选C 。
5. C 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法及语境的理解。句意：告诉他们发生了什么事。发生了什么用what引导的从句作宾语，故选C。
6. C 【解析】考查副词用法及语境的理解。句意：这让他们高兴地看到，你已经变成这样一个很棒的孩子。A. very 很；B. s；这样 C. such；这样的；A和B后跟形容词；such修饰名词，故选C。
7. B 【解析】考查动词用法及语境的理解。A. urselves我们自己；B. yurself 你自己；C. themselves他们自己。句意：站在父母的角度。故选B。
8. C 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法及语境的理解。句意：在与你的父母沟通之前，做几次深呼吸，试着从他们的角度看问题。befre为介词，后跟动词-ing形式，故选C。
9. B 【解析】考查情态动词的用法及语境的理解。句意：说话的时候，你要保持冷静，不要提高你的声音，即使你的父母提高了音量。A. may可以；B. have t应该，要；C. must必须。故选B。
10. C 【解析】考查动词的用法及语境的理解。句意：事实上，只要你能遵循上述建议，你将成功地与你的父母相处。succeed in ding sth做某事很成功。故选C。
= 7 \* ROMAN VII. 短文还原
【文章大意】本文叙述了如何帮助父母意识到自己的健康很重要，并帮助他们进行锻炼，在开始和父母谈论之前想一想，找一个合适的时间和他们谈。和父母共同制订一个计划，并不断表示鼓励和理解，如果父母不同意，要给他们时间去考虑。
1. B 【解析】根据Get mre exercise? Get mre sleep? 可知此处是一般疑问句，并且用上形容词的比较级，故选B。
2. E 【解析】根据Pick a mment when everyne’s relaxed and there’s time t talk. 可知此处指要和父母谈一谈，故选E。
3. C 【解析】根据Cme up with a plan tgether 可知此处指要和父母一起制订一个计划，因此要合作。故选C。
4. D 【解析】根据Let yur parents knw yu lve and care abut them fr what they’re ding and that it means a lt t yu.可知此处是指要让你的父母知道你爱他们，关心他们，故此处应是对他们好，称赞他们。故选D。
5. A 【解析】根据If parents dn’t fllw yu ideas, ask them(gently): ＂Culd yu at least think abut it fr me ?＂ 可知此处是让父母考虑你的想法，故要给他们时间去考虑。故选A。
= 8 \* ROMAN VIII. 语法填空
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了团队精神的意义，团队精神的类型。团队精神给人们带来了许多的好处但是也有缺点。
3. favurite 【解析】不管他们是团队的一部分还是看到一群人为他们最喜欢的队员欢呼。故填favurite。
4. necessary/needed 【解析】一种一个团队人们之间的关系。,因为他们的努力与合作在达到特定的目标中是必要。故填necessary/needed。
5. when 【解析】那时候那个国家的人民都为比赛中的自己的国家加油，故填when。
6. cause 【解析】太高的团队精神会造成和其他队打架或争吵。故填cause。
7. understand 【解析】根据后文可知一些人没有合理的理解团队精神，故填understand。
8. member 【解析】他们认为团队精神意味着不得不成为一个团队的成员或一个俱乐部的粉丝。故填member。
9. even 【解析】事实上团队精神可以在任何地方建立——朋友、同事或甚至两个彼此挨着坐着的人之间。故填even。
10. have 【解析】你不不必穿团队精神的衣服。就通过展示对目标的支持任何人都可以显示团队精神，根据句意，故填have。
表示＂如此……以至于……＂，引导结果状语从句。
☞ The by is s yung that he can’t g t schl. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。
A. Then give them a little time t cnsider.
B. D yu want a parent t eat better?
C. Wrk tgether t plan what they and yu will d.
D. Offer yur praise!
E. Talk t parents in the same way as yu’d like them t talk t yu.
F. Ask them t eat healthily.