2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（word版 含答案）

这是一份2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（word版 含答案），共30页。
2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市九年级（上）期中英语试卷
II. 阅读（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题4分，满分30分）
1．（4分）
China sees big rises in patent applications（专利申请） in recent years，which has been more linked with "created in China" in recent years.

（1）The number of the PCT patent applications of China from 2019 to 2020 has gone by 　 　.
A.15.1%
B.16.1%
C.13.1%
（2）Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.The US has the lowest growth rate.
B.Japan and Germany filed （提交）fewer patent applications in 2020 than in 2019.
C.China is no longer copying the US.
2．（6分）
Young voices shine
"The future belongs to the young people，and our hopes also rest with them，" said Chinese President Xi Jinping.Members of Generation Z （Gen Z，those born between 1995 and 2009）are expected to make a difference to the world.Let's take a look at four of their stories.
Yu Yue，a girl，14，a student in Nanjing
I always took part in some speech competitions to improve my public speaking skills，because I want to be a diplomat （外交官） like Hua Chunying，who holds Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conferences （新闻发布会）.
Tang Jie，a boy，21，a student in a university
I once visited a village in Kampala，the capital of Uganda.As I later gave donations （捐赠物） to a primary school，the children thanked me and took me for Santa Claus.My goal is to take part in dealing with poverty.
Zhou Yan，a boy，13，a student in Hunan
I started a project to pick up plastic waste around nearby streets with my friends.The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.
Guo Yuhan，a girl，14，a student in Beijing
I often read international academic journals （学术期刊） such as Nature and Science.By following the world's newest science and technology.I hope to be a scientist in the future.
（1）What does "Generation Z" refer to？ 　 　
A.The group of people born between 1990 and 2005.
B.The group of people born between 1995 and 2009.
C.The group of people born between 1990 and 1999.
（2）Which of the following sentences is TRUE？ 　 　
A.Yu Yue's goal is to be a scientist.
B.Guo Yuhan's project was to fight plastic pollution.
C.Tang Jie wants to solve the poverty problem.
（3）The reading material （材料）above is most probably from 　 　.
A.a poster
B.a newspaper
C.a letter
3．（10分）Learning Chinese is a challenging but good experience as it gives you the opportunity to communicate with more than a billion people.
Foreigners think Chinese is a mysterious and difficult language because it is very different from the Roman alphabet （罗马字母）.In fact，Chinese is not much more difficult than learning any other language.One reason is that Chinese does not require memorizing the kind of complex tenses （时态） like European languages.
Although it is certainly not easy for foreigners，in my experience you can learn Chinese fast.You will certainly find differences between the language in textbooks and people's everyday speech.One example of this is the difference between language on the street and written Chinese.It produces new phrases and vocabulary.In real life nowadays，people often use short，less conversational phrases （词组） to communicate with each other.China has many provinces and their dialects are different.After you learn and understand the Beijing dialect，you may find it is hard to understand Shanghai dialect.
The language continues developing.So it is still not easy for learners，no matter how well they learn from textbooks.
I hope that one day more Chinese courses are able to connect with "real" spoken Chinese and the way in which Chinese people speak daily.It will help foreign learners to help bridge the gap between learners and native （本土的） speakers.

（1）According to the passage，why does the writer think Chinese is not so difficult to learn？ 　 　
A.It gives you the opportunity to communicate with more than a billion people.
B.It doesn't require memorizing the kind of complex tenses.
C.It is very different from the Roman alphabet.
（2）What does the underlined word "dialects" in the third paragraph mean？ 　 　
A.Some special people in one area.
B.Some special languages in one area.
C.Some special customs in one area.
（3）According to the passage，which sentence may agree with the writer's idea？ 　 　
A.Chinese is more difficult to learn than any other language.
B.People often use long sentences in the real life nowadays.
C.The development of language is still going on.
（4）According to paragraph 5，what should you do if you want to learn Chinese well？ 　 　
A.Learn some dialects in Chinese daily life.
B.Learn written Chinese in Chinese daily life.
C.Learn real spoken Chinese in Chinese daily life.
（5）What can we infer（推断） from the text？ 　 　
A.It is difficult to learn Chinese.
B.It is challenging to learn Chinese.
C.It is good to learn Chinese.
4．（10分）People often say， "You can't live only on air." But Chinese scientists can now tell you：Maybe you can.
Scientists from Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences made a big breakthrough.They have turned carbon dioxide （CO2，二氧化碳），the "infamous" （声名狼藉的） greenhouse gas，into starch （淀粉）.
Starch is the main part of the flour，rice and corn that we eat every day.It's created by plants through photosynthesis （光合作用）.But according to the team's director Ma Yanhe，plants do this in a complex （复杂的） and inefficient （低效的） way，which takes about 60 steps.The new study，after six years of hard work，has found a simpler way to do this，with only 11 steps.
"Our study shows that creating complex compounds （化合物） like starch is possible in a lab （实验室），and there are many areas that can benefit from this technology，"Ma told China Daily.
The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen gas into methanol （甲醇）.Then they pieced these methanol molecules （分子） into bigger and more complex molecules.Finally the starch came out.
This method makes it possible to produce food in factories，replacing traditional farming.This will not only help make plenty of starchy crops （农作物） such as potatoes，but also save water，fertilizer （肥料） and land.It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate change，according to China Daily.
The study can benefit space exploration too.Astronauts no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space.They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe into the food they eat!

（1）What's the main part of flour，rice and corn？ 　 　
A.Water.
B.Starch.
C.CO2.
（2）Compared with the process used by plants，it's 　 　to make starch using CO2.
A.harder
B.more complex
C.easier
（3）From Paragraph 5，we can learn 　 　.
A.how starch is made from CO2
B.what scientists researched in the past
C.why the research is meaningful
（4）How does the new findings help us？ 　 　
a.It helps to protect our environment.
b.It provides people with more healthy food.
c.It benefits the food problems of astronauts.
d.It helps to save natural resources.
A.abc
B.bcd
C.acd
（5）What's the best title of this passage？ 　 　
A.Environmental protection.
B.Astronaut food.
C.The air you can eat.
第二节
5．（10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Save ourselves in a flood （洪水）
Deadly flooding has swept Henan Province in July，2021. （1）　 　.Up to August 2，a total of 302 people have been killed and 50 have been missing.
Floods are very common in China.They move quickly and have strong currents （水流），（2）　 　.Besides，floods can cause power cuts，traffic jams and other problems.
So，in the face of a flood，how should we save ourselves？
Avoid bridges that rapidly﹣moving water is crossing， （3）　 　.
（4）　 　.Stay inside the car when there is fast﹣moving water.Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself，and then move to the roof of the car.
If you're caught within a flooded building，move to the highest floor.Once you get there，signal for help，such as drawing SOS.
Stay away from power lines，as they are often destroyed or knocked down during strong storms.
Last，here are also some tips to keep in mind after a flood.Listen to emergency broadcasts （应急广播） for further instructions.Return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe. （5）　 　.Use only bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking.

A.Do not drink floodwater，or use it to wash food
B.More than hundreds of thousands of people have been influenced
C.as floodwaters can cause bridges to break
D.Avoid driving through flooded areas
E.and they bring down trees and destroy buildings
第三节
6．（10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Landmarks are usually the first things that attract tourists.They are icons （象征） of their cities.They may also be windows into the local culture.Let's look at some.
New York City has always been a highly competitive place.The Empire Stage Building （帝国大厦） is one of its many famous landmarks.The pencil﹣shaped building has 102 stories，which is about 443 meters tall.It stands out from the city's many other skyscrapers （摩天大楼）.It was built during the Great Depression （大萧条时期） （1929﹣1933），in only 410 days.The building shows the ambition （抱负） of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.
Some other landmarks are classic icons that have seen the development of a city.Big Ben in London is one.The clock was set up in 1858 and is the biggest clock in Britain.It weighs 13.5 tons.During World WarⅡ，Big Ben stood there firmly to encourage British people.After hearing the clock for one and a half centuries，the British have taken Big Ben as a reliable friend.
When talking about unique pieces of architecture，one should never forget the Sydney Opera House in Sydney.Visitors to Australia are attracted by its sail shape.But few people know that its designer，Jorn Utzon，from Denmark，was actually inspired by peeling an orange.Today，the Sydney Opera House is a paradise for music lovers.
A city may change but landmarks stay for a long time.They are ready to tell the stories of a city.

（1）How many landmarks are mentioned in the passage？
　 　
（2）What does the Empire State Building show？
　 　
（3）How tall is the Empire State Building？
　 　
（4）What does the Big Ben mean to British people nowadays？
　 　
（5）Is the Sydney Opera House popular with music lovers？
　 　
Ⅲ.语言运用（共三节，满分15分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．（15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Sept.30，I watched a film on the Chinese People's Volunteers who joined the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea （抗美援朝） （1950﹣53）﹣ ﹣The Battle at Lake Changjin.It was directed （1）　 　 Chen Kaige，Hark Tsui and Lin Chaoxian.The release of this film has（2）　 　 a chance for the young people of China to remember history and heroes， （3）　 　the reality that China's prosperity （繁荣） and strength cannot be separated from dedication （奉献）.It is the best movie I have seen.When（4）　 　my eyes were wet.It is（5）　 　 a touching film. "You are only tough enough when your enemies take you（6）　 　 " is my favorite actor's line.
More than 70 years ago，many Chinese（7）　 　 to fight for our homeland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.With the （8）　 　of the nation and people，the Chinese People's Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River and won a great victory after two years and nine months of fighting.For more than half a century，China has never（9）　 　its heroes.We are （10）　 　of them and we will remember them forever.

（1）A.of
B.by
C.for
（2）A.offered
B.improved
C.discovered
（3）A.instead of
B.such as
C.as well as
（4）A.watching
B.looking
C.seeing
（5）A.so
B.such
C.too
（6）A.seriously
B.beautifully
C.normally
（7）A.required
B.spread
C.volunteered
（8）A.connection
B.expectations
C.exceptions
（9）A.forgotten
B.remembered
C.found
（10）A.proud
B.polite
C.present

第二节
8．（10分）Do you know（1）　 　（China）diplomas（外交官）？If you focus on international relations，you must be familiar with these names.Wang Yi is（2）　 　Chinese Foreign Minister.One of his most classic（3）　 　（word）is "History will prove that who is the passer﹣by and who is the real master."
Hua Chunying is not only the director of the information department but also the（4）　 　（five）spokeswoman of the Ministry of foreign affairs of China.
Geng Shuang used to（5）　 　（be）a spokesman of the Ministry of foreign affairs and deputy director of the information department.He said，"Chinese people will not provoke（激起）troubles，（6）　 　we never fear when troubles come our way."
Zhao Lijian is the current （现任） deputy director general of the information department and the 31st spokes﹣man.He likes reading books very much. "The（7）　 　 （many） books you read，the better your life will be"，he said.He has refuted （反驳） those people who doubt the ability of the Chinese government：Where did you get the courage and confidence to tell China（8）　 　 to do？
Their speeches are so powerful and have touched all the Chinese people（9）　 　 （deep）.They are my idols.I look forward to（10）　 　 （see） them.

第三节
9．（10分）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month. （1） It's said that the celebration of the Double Ninth Festival began from the East Han Dynasty.
（2）在这一天，人们通常会去爬山并欣赏秋日的天空。 Climbing mountains also means "climbing to a higher position".It means an increase in health，happiness and money in one's life.
Enjoying the beautiful chrysanthemum（菊花） flowers，and drinking chrysanthemum wine，are also traditional things of the Double Ninth Festival.（3）The ninth lunar month is known as the "month of chrysanthemum". Chrysanthemum wine is believed to have many benefits.Chrysanthemum wine is believed to have many benefits.The flowers and other things are mixed，and the wine﹣making process has begun.（4）但是人们在来年的重阳节才喝这酒。
"Knowing that my brothers have reached the peak.All but one is present at the planting of dogwood." People also carry sprigs（小枝）of the zhuyu （dogwood） plant on this day.（5）It's a traditional way to carry people's wishes to stop illness and protect their health and money. Dogwood is a type of evergreen，whose leaves have many medical benefits.

（1）　 　
（2）　 　
（3）　 　
（4）　 　
（5）　 　
IV.书面表达（满分15分）
10．（15分）今年，响应党中央和政府号召，"双减"政策正式施行，同学们的课外辅导和家庭作业减少了。假如你是一名初三学生李华，正在接受学校公众号采访，请你结合自己的亲身经历谈一谈以下两个问题：
1）"双减"政策落实前后，你和你的同学们有些什么变化（比如学习、课余生活等方面）？
2）面对"双减"，你有一些什么个人感受？
要点提示："double reduction" policy "双减"政策；used to 过去常常；by doing sth.通过做某事
要求：
1）内容必须包括所有要点，可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2）语言表达准确，语篇连贯；
3）词数：100﹣120词；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Good morning，everyone!Since the "double reduction" policy was released，our lives have changed a lot.Next let me talk about it.______________

2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市九年级（上）期中英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
II. 阅读（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题4分，满分30分）
1．（4分）
China sees big rises in patent applications（专利申请） in recent years，which has been more linked with "created in China" in recent years.

（1）The number of the PCT patent applications of China from 2019 to 2020 has gone by 　 　.
A.15.1%
B.16.1%
C.13.1%
（2）Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.The US has the lowest growth rate.
B.Japan and Germany filed （提交）fewer patent applications in 2020 than in 2019.
C.China is no longer copying the US.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一张专利申请统计表。
【解答】（1）B。细节理解题。根据图表中China"↑16.1%"增长16.1%。可知，2019 ﹣ 2020年，中国PCT专利申请量增长16.1%。可知是B项符合题意。故选：B。
（2）B。推理判断题。根据图表中"Germany ：↓3.7%"德国：减少3.7%。"Japan：：↓4.1%"日本：减少4.1%。可知，日本和德国在2020年的专利申请比2019年少。可知B符合题意。故选：B。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
2．（6分）
Young voices shine
"The future belongs to the young people，and our hopes also rest with them，" said Chinese President Xi Jinping.Members of Generation Z （Gen Z，those born between 1995 and 2009）are expected to make a difference to the world.Let's take a look at four of their stories.
Yu Yue，a girl，14，a student in Nanjing
I always took part in some speech competitions to improve my public speaking skills，because I want to be a diplomat （外交官） like Hua Chunying，who holds Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conferences （新闻发布会）.
Tang Jie，a boy，21，a student in a university
I once visited a village in Kampala，the capital of Uganda.As I later gave donations （捐赠物） to a primary school，the children thanked me and took me for Santa Claus.My goal is to take part in dealing with poverty.
Zhou Yan，a boy，13，a student in Hunan
I started a project to pick up plastic waste around nearby streets with my friends.The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.
Guo Yuhan，a girl，14，a student in Beijing
I often read international academic journals （学术期刊） such as Nature and Science.By following the world's newest science and technology.I hope to be a scientist in the future.
（1）What does "Generation Z" refer to？ 　 　
A.The group of people born between 1990 and 2005.
B.The group of people born between 1995 and 2009.
C.The group of people born between 1990 and 1999.
（2）Which of the following sentences is TRUE？ 　C　
A.Yu Yue's goal is to be a scientist.
B.Guo Yuhan's project was to fight plastic pollution.
C.Tang Jie wants to solve the poverty problem.
（3）The reading material （材料）above is most probably from 　 　.
A.a poster
B.a newspaper
C.a letter
【分析】文章讲述了四个年轻人的故事。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Generation Z （Gen Z，those born between 1995 and 2009），Z世代（Z世代，出生于1995年至2009年），可知指的是1995年至2009年出生的人。故选B。
（2）C.理解判断题。根据My goal is to take part in dealing with poverty.我的目标是参与解决贫困问题。可知唐杰想要解决贫困问题，C项与原文意思相符。故选C。
（3）B.文章来源题。根据 "The future belongs to the young people，and our hopes also rest with them，" said Chinese President Xi Jinping.Members of Generation Z （Gen Z，those born between 1995 and 2009）are expected to make a difference to the world.Let's take a look at four of their stories."未来属于年轻人，我们的希望也寄托在他们身上。"中国习近平主席说。Z世代成员（Z世代，出生于1995年至2009年间）有望对世界产生影响。让我们来看看他们的四个故事。及全文可知文章讲述了四个年轻人的故事。最可能来自于报纸。故选B。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
3．（10分）Learning Chinese is a challenging but good experience as it gives you the opportunity to communicate with more than a billion people.
Foreigners think Chinese is a mysterious and difficult language because it is very different from the Roman alphabet （罗马字母）.In fact，Chinese is not much more difficult than learning any other language.One reason is that Chinese does not require memorizing the kind of complex tenses （时态） like European languages.
Although it is certainly not easy for foreigners，in my experience you can learn Chinese fast.You will certainly find differences between the language in textbooks and people's everyday speech.One example of this is the difference between language on the street and written Chinese.It produces new phrases and vocabulary.In real life nowadays，people often use short，less conversational phrases （词组） to communicate with each other.China has many provinces and their dialects are different.After you learn and understand the Beijing dialect，you may find it is hard to understand Shanghai dialect.
The language continues developing.So it is still not easy for learners，no matter how well they learn from textbooks.
I hope that one day more Chinese courses are able to connect with "real" spoken Chinese and the way in which Chinese people speak daily.It will help foreign learners to help bridge the gap between learners and native （本土的） speakers.

（1）According to the passage，why does the writer think Chinese is not so difficult to learn？ 　 　
A.It gives you the opportunity to communicate with more than a billion people.
B.It doesn't require memorizing the kind of complex tenses.
C.It is very different from the Roman alphabet.
（2）What does the underlined word "dialects" in the third paragraph mean？ 　 　
A.Some special people in one area.
B.Some special languages in one area.
C.Some special customs in one area.
（3）According to the passage，which sentence may agree with the writer's idea？ 　C　
A.Chinese is more difficult to learn than any other language.
B.People often use long sentences in the real life nowadays.
C.The development of language is still going on.
（4）According to paragraph 5，what should you do if you want to learn Chinese well？ 　C　
A.Learn some dialects in Chinese daily life.
B.Learn written Chinese in Chinese daily life.
C.Learn real spoken Chinese in Chinese daily life.
（5）What can we infer（推断） from the text？ 　 　
A.It is difficult to learn Chinese.
B.It is challenging to learn Chinese.
C.It is good to learn Chinese.
【分析】文章讲了学习汉语的不容易。学习汉语是一种很有挑战性但很好的经历，因为它给了你与十多亿人交流的机会。外国人认为汉语是一门神秘而难学的语言，因为它与罗马字母有很大的不同。事实上，汉语并不比学习其他任何语言难多少。原因之一是汉语不需要像欧洲语言那样记住复杂的时态。虽然这对外国人来说并不容易。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据 One reason is thatChinese does not require memorizing the kind of complex tenses（时态） like European anguages.可知，一个原因是汉语不像欧洲语言那样需要记忆复杂的时态。所以根据文章，作者认为汉语不那么难学，因为它不需要记忆复杂的时态。故选：B。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据 China has many provinces and their dialects are different.After you learn and understand the Beijing dialect，you may find it is hard to understand Shanghai dialect.中国有许多省份，他们的方言不同。学习和理解北京方言后，你可能会发现很难理解上海方言。可知" dialects"的意思是方言；方言就是某一领域的一些特殊语言意思。所以根据上下文可推测第三段中带下划线的" dialects"是某一领域的一些特殊语言意思。故选：B。
（3）C.同义句题。根据 The language continues developing.语言在不断发展。结合选项可知选项C Learn real spoken Chinese in Chinese daily life.语言的发展仍在继续。表达的观点可能与作者的想法一致。故选：C。
（4）C.段落大意题。根据第五段hope that one day more Chinese courses are able to connect with"real spoken Chinese and the way in which Chinese people speak daily.t will help foreign learners to help bridge the gap between learners and native（本土的） speakers.我希望有一天，更多的汉语课程能够与"真实"的汉语口语和中国人日常的说话方式联系起来。这将帮助外国学习者弥合学习者和母语人士之间的差距。可知如果你想学好汉语，你应该在日常生活中学习真正的汉语口语。故选：C。
（5）B.主旨大意题。根据 Learning Chinese is a challenging but good experience as it gives you the opportunity to communicate with more than a billion people.学习汉语是一种很有挑战性但很好的经历，因为它给了你与十多亿人交流的机会。可知，我们能从课文中推断出学习汉语是一项挑战。故选：B。
【点评】读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。根据所给问题选择正确选顼完成试题。
4．（10分）People often say， "You can't live only on air." But Chinese scientists can now tell you：Maybe you can.
Scientists from Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences made a big breakthrough.They have turned carbon dioxide （CO2，二氧化碳），the "infamous" （声名狼藉的） greenhouse gas，into starch （淀粉）.
Starch is the main part of the flour，rice and corn that we eat every day.It's created by plants through photosynthesis （光合作用）.But according to the team's director Ma Yanhe，plants do this in a complex （复杂的） and inefficient （低效的） way，which takes about 60 steps.The new study，after six years of hard work，has found a simpler way to do this，with only 11 steps.
"Our study shows that creating complex compounds （化合物） like starch is possible in a lab （实验室），and there are many areas that can benefit from this technology，"Ma told China Daily.
The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen gas into methanol （甲醇）.Then they pieced these methanol molecules （分子） into bigger and more complex molecules.Finally the starch came out.
This method makes it possible to produce food in factories，replacing traditional farming.This will not only help make plenty of starchy crops （农作物） such as potatoes，but also save water，fertilizer （肥料） and land.It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate change，according to China Daily.
The study can benefit space exploration too.Astronauts no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space.They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe into the food they eat!

（1）What's the main part of flour，rice and corn？ 　 　
A.Water.
B.Starch.
C.CO2.
（2）Compared with the process used by plants，it's 　C　to make starch using CO2.
A.harder
B.more complex
C.easier
（3）From Paragraph 5，we can learn 　A　.
A.how starch is made from CO2
B.what scientists researched in the past
C.why the research is meaningful
（4）How does the new findings help us？ 　C　
a.It helps to protect our environment.
b.It provides people with more healthy food.
c.It benefits the food problems of astronauts.
d.It helps to save natural resources.
A.abc
B.bcd
C.acd
（5）What's the best title of this passage？ 　C　
A.Environmental protection.
B.Astronaut food.
C.The air you can eat.
【分析】本文主要向我们介绍了把二氧化碳转化为淀粉的新技术以及该技术的优点。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Starch is the main part of the flour，rice and corn that we eat every day.淀粉是我们每天吃的面粉、大米和玉米的主要成分。可知，面粉、大米和玉米的主要成分是淀粉。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据But according to the team's director Ma Yanhe，plants do this in a complex（复杂的）and inefficient（低效的） way，which takes about 60 steps.The new study，after six years of hard work，has found a simpler way to do this，with only 11 steps.但据该团队的负责人马彦河说，植物的这种做法复杂而低效，大约需要60步。经过6年的努力，这项新研究发现了一种更简单的方法，只需11步。可知，与植物生产淀粉的过程相比，利用二氧化碳更容易生产淀粉。故选C。
（3）A.段落大意题。根据The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen gas into methanol （甲醇）.Then they pieced these methanol molecules（分子） into bigger and more complex molecules.Finally the starch came out.科学家们首先将二氧化碳和氢气转化成甲醇，然后将这些甲醇分子拼接成更大更复杂的分子。最后淀粉出来了。可知，第五段主要是在向我们介绍淀粉是如何从二氧化碳中提炼出来的。故选A。
（4）C.细节判断题。根据This will not only help make plenty of starchy crops（农作物）such as potatoes，but also save water，fertilizer（肥料）and land.It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate change.这不仅有助于生产大量的淀粉类作物，如土豆，而且还能节约水、肥料和土地。它还可以帮助回收二氧化碳来应对气候变化。以及The study can benefit space exploration too.Astronauts no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space.这项研究也有利于太空探索。宇航员在太空旅行时不再需要担心食物问题。可知，这些新发现有助于保护环境，有助于解决宇航员的食物问题和节约自然资源。只有b"它为人们提供了更健康的食物。"文中未提及。故选C。
（5）C.最佳标题题。根据They have turned carbon dioxide（CO2，二氧化碳），the "infamous"（声名狼藉的）greenhouse gas，into starch （淀粉）.他们已经将"臭名昭著的"温室气体二氧化碳转化为淀粉。以及通读全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了把二氧化碳转化为淀粉的新技术以及该技术的优点。C选项"你可以吃的空气。"符合主题，故选C。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
第二节
5．（10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Save ourselves in a flood （洪水）
Deadly flooding has swept Henan Province in July，2021. （1）　 　.Up to August 2，a total of 302 people have been killed and 50 have been missing.
Floods are very common in China.They move quickly and have strong currents （水流），（2）　E　.Besides，floods can cause power cuts，traffic jams and other problems.
So，in the face of a flood，how should we save ourselves？
Avoid bridges that rapidly﹣moving water is crossing， （3）　C　.
（4）　D　.Stay inside the car when there is fast﹣moving water.Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself，and then move to the roof of the car.
If you're caught within a flooded building，move to the highest floor.Once you get there，signal for help，such as drawing SOS.
Stay away from power lines，as they are often destroyed or knocked down during strong storms.
Last，here are also some tips to keep in mind after a flood.Listen to emergency broadcasts （应急广播） for further instructions.Return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe. （5）　A　.Use only bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking.

A.Do not drink floodwater，or use it to wash food
B.More than hundreds of thousands of people have been influenced
C.as floodwaters can cause bridges to break
D.Avoid driving through flooded areas
E.and they bring down trees and destroy buildings
【分析】短文讲了2021年7月，致命的洪水席卷了河南省。详细地介绍了洪水带来的灾害和一些注意事项等。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）B.根据前句"Deadly flooding has swept Henan Province in July，2021."2021年7月，致命洪水席卷河南省。可知说的是洪水的灾害，结合选项，应说成千上万的人受到了影响。故选B。
（2）E.根据后句"Besides，floods can cause power cuts，traffic jams and other problems.此外，洪水还可能导致停电、交通堵塞和其他问题。"可知说的是造成的破坏，结合选项，应说它们毁坏树木和建筑物。故选E。
（3）C.根据前句"Avoid bridges that rapidly﹣moving water is crossing，避免快速移动的水穿过的桥梁，"可知说的是对桥梁的破坏，结合选项，应说因为洪水会导致桥梁断裂。故选C。
（4）D.根据后句"Stay inside the car when there is fast﹣moving water.当有快速流动的水时，呆在车内。"可知说的是开车怎么办，结合选项，应说避免驾车穿过洪水泛滥的地区。故选D。
（5）A.根据后句"Use only bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking.只能使用瓶装水或开水饮用和烹饪。"可知说的是不能使用洪水，结合选项，应说不喝洪水，或者用它来洗食物。故选A。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后弄清题干意思，对照短文信息进行判断正误，确定正确答案。
第三节
6．（10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Landmarks are usually the first things that attract tourists.They are icons （象征） of their cities.They may also be windows into the local culture.Let's look at some.
New York City has always been a highly competitive place.The Empire Stage Building （帝国大厦） is one of its many famous landmarks.The pencil﹣shaped building has 102 stories，which is about 443 meters tall.It stands out from the city's many other skyscrapers （摩天大楼）.It was built during the Great Depression （大萧条时期） （1929﹣1933），in only 410 days.The building shows the ambition （抱负） of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.
Some other landmarks are classic icons that have seen the development of a city.Big Ben in London is one.The clock was set up in 1858 and is the biggest clock in Britain.It weighs 13.5 tons.During World WarⅡ，Big Ben stood there firmly to encourage British people.After hearing the clock for one and a half centuries，the British have taken Big Ben as a reliable friend.
When talking about unique pieces of architecture，one should never forget the Sydney Opera House in Sydney.Visitors to Australia are attracted by its sail shape.But few people know that its designer，Jorn Utzon，from Denmark，was actually inspired by peeling an orange.Today，the Sydney Opera House is a paradise for music lovers.
A city may change but landmarks stay for a long time.They are ready to tell the stories of a city.

（1）How many landmarks are mentioned in the passage？
　Three.　
（2）What does the Empire State Building show？
　It shows the ambition of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.　
（3）How tall is the Empire State Building？
　About 443 meters tall.　
（4）What does the Big Ben mean to British people nowadays？
　A reliable friend.　
（5）Is the Sydney Opera House popular with music lovers？
　Yes，it is.　
【分析】本文介绍了几个城市的地标建筑，城市的地标建筑会保持很久。
【解答】细节理解题。
（1）Three.根据"The Empire Stage Building，Big Ben in London，Sydney Opera House "可知，文章中提到了三地标，故填：Three.
（2）It shows the ambition of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.根据"The building shows the ambition of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.这座建筑展示了人们的雄心壮志，他们的目标是建造一座可以直达天空的塔。"可知，帝国大厦显示了人们的雄心壮志，他们的目标是建造一座可以直达天空的塔。故填：It shows the ambition of people who set their sights on building a tower that could reach the sky.
（3）About 443 meters tall.根据"The Empire Stage Building is one of its many famous landmarks.The pencil﹣shaped building has 102 stories，which is about 443 meters tall.帝国舞台建筑是其众多著名地标建筑之一。铅笔形建筑有102层，约443米高。"可知，帝国大厦有大约443米高。故填：About 443 meters tall.
（4）A reliable friend.根据"After hearing the clock for one and a half centuries，the British have taken Big Ben as a reliable friend.在听了一个半世纪的钟之后，英国人把大本钟当作了可靠的朋友。"可知，现在大本钟对英国人意味着是一个可靠的朋友。故填：A reliable friend.
（5）Yes，it is.根据"Today，the Sydney Opera House is a paradise for music lovers.今天，悉尼歌剧院是音乐爱好者的天堂。"可知，悉尼歌剧院受音乐爱好者欢迎。故填：Yes，it is.
【点评】掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息即可作答。
Ⅲ.语言运用（共三节，满分15分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．（15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Sept.30，I watched a film on the Chinese People's Volunteers who joined the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea （抗美援朝） （1950﹣53）﹣ ﹣The Battle at Lake Changjin.It was directed （1）　 　 Chen Kaige，Hark Tsui and Lin Chaoxian.The release of this film has（2）　A　 a chance for the young people of China to remember history and heroes， （3）　C　the reality that China's prosperity （繁荣） and strength cannot be separated from dedication （奉献）.It is the best movie I have seen.When（4）　A　my eyes were wet.It is（5）　 　 a touching film. "You are only tough enough when your enemies take you（6）　A　 " is my favorite actor's line.
More than 70 years ago，many Chinese（7）　C　 to fight for our homeland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.With the （8）　 　of the nation and people，the Chinese People's Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River and won a great victory after two years and nine months of fighting.For more than half a century，China has never（9）　A　its heroes.We are （10）　A　of them and we will remember them forever.

（1）A.of
B.by
C.for
（2）A.offered
B.improved
C.discovered
（3）A.instead of
B.such as
C.as well as
（4）A.watching
B.looking
C.seeing
（5）A.so
B.such
C.too
（6）A.seriously
B.beautifully
C.normally
（7）A.required
B.spread
C.volunteered
（8）A.connection
B.expectations
C.exceptions
（9）A.forgotten
B.remembered
C.found
（10）A.proud
B.polite
C.present

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电影《长津湖》，这部电影让中国的年轻人记住历史和英雄，也让他们知道现实中国的繁荣和强大离不开无数人的奉献。
【解答】（1）B.考查介词。A.of的；B.by通过；C.for；根据"It was directed"和后面的名字可知，这是一部由陈凯歌，徐克和林超贤等人导演的电影，因此选by。故选B。
（2）A.考查动词。A.offered提供；B.improved提高；C.discovered发现；结合句意可知，这部电影的发布给中国的年轻人提供一个机会来记住历史和英雄，结合选项，offered符合题意。故选A。
（3）C.考查固定用法。A.instead of代替；B.such as例如；C.as well as也、和…一样；根据句意可知，这部电影的发布给中国的年轻人提供一个机会来记住历史和英雄，也让他们知道现实中国的繁荣和强大离不开奉献，因此选as well as。故选C。
（4）A.考查动词。A.watching观看；B.looking看；C.seeing看见；根据"my eyes were wet"我的眼睛湿润了，可知应该是在观看电影的时候。故选A。
（5）B.考查形容词。A.so因此；B.such这样的；C.too也；根据句意可知，这是一部如此感人的电影，such a/an+adj+n为固定用法，意为"这样一个"。故选B。
（6）A.考查副词。A.seriously严重地；B.beautifully漂亮地；C.normally正常地；根据语境可知，"让你的敌人瞧得起你，那才叫硬气"是我最喜欢的演员台词，take...seriously为固定搭配，意为"认真对待"。故选A。
（7）C.考查动词。A.required需要；B.spread传播；C.volunteered志愿；根据历史可知，70多年前，许多中国人支援参加抗美援朝战争为我们的祖国而战，因此选volunteered。故选C。
（8）B.考查名词。A.connection连接；B.expectations期望；C.exceptions例外；根据句意，带着祖国和人民的期望，中国人民志愿军战士跨过鸭绿江，经过两年九个月的战斗，终于取得了伟大的胜利，因此选expectations。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词。A.forgotten忘记；B.remembered记得；C.found发现；结合"we will remember them forever"我们将永远记住他们，可知中国从未忘记这些英雄，结合选项，forgotten符合题意。故选A。
（10）A.考查形容词。A.proud自豪的；B.polite礼貌的；C.present现在的；根据上文，许多中国人支援参加抗美援朝战争为我们的祖国而战，经过两年九个月的战斗，终于取得了伟大的胜利，可知我们为他们感到自豪。故选A。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
第二节
8．（10分）Do you know（1）　Chinese　（China）diplomas（外交官）？If you focus on international relations，you must be familiar with these names.Wang Yi is（2）　the　Chinese Foreign Minister.One of his most classic（3）　words　（word）is "History will prove that who is the passer﹣by and who is the real master."
Hua Chunying is not only the director of the information department but also the（4）　fifth　（five）spokeswoman of the Ministry of foreign affairs of China.
Geng Shuang used to（5）　be　（be）a spokesman of the Ministry of foreign affairs and deputy director of the information department.He said，"Chinese people will not provoke（激起）troubles，（6）　but　we never fear when troubles come our way."
Zhao Lijian is the current （现任） deputy director general of the information department and the 31st spokes﹣man.He likes reading books very much. "The（7）　more　 （many） books you read，the better your life will be"，he said.He has refuted （反驳） those people who doubt the ability of the Chinese government：Where did you get the courage and confidence to tell China（8）　what　 to do？
Their speeches are so powerful and have touched all the Chinese people（9）　deeply　 （deep）.They are my idols.I look forward to（10）　seeing　 （see） them.

【分析】本文介绍了中国的四位外交官和他们的发言风格。四位外交官是王毅、华春颖、耿爽和赵立坚。
【解答】（1）Chinese.考查形容词。应填形容词Chinese，作为定语，其意思是"中国的"。句意：你知道中国的外交官吗？故填Chinese。
（2）the.考查冠词。作为表语的"Chinese Foreign Minister"是唯一的、特定的官职，故用the来修饰、限定，表示特指。句意：王毅是中国外交部长。故填the。
（3）words.考查名词。本句是"one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"句型，表示"最……的其中之一"，故填word的复数形式。句意：他最经典的话之一是"历史将证明，谁是过客，谁是真正主人。故填words。
（4）fifth.考查序数词。应填five的序数词，作为定语，表示顺序，即"第五"。句意：华春颖不但是信息部的主任，而且也是中国外交部的第五位女发言人。故填fifth。
（5）be.考查动词。本句是used to do sth句型，意思是"过去经常做某事"。句意：耿爽过去是外交部的一位发言人兼信息部副主任。故填be。
（6）but.考查连词。本句和上文在意思和语气上是转折关系，故用bu表示转折关系，其意思是"但是"。句意：中国人不会惹麻烦，但是也从来不怕事。故填but。
（7）more.考查形容词。本句是"the more…the more"句型，意思是"越……越"，故填many的比较级more作为定语。句意：你越读书多，你的生活就会越好。故填more。
（8）what.考查代词。应填代词what，和后面的不定式组成what to do 结构，作为直接宾语。句意：你从哪里获得的勇气和自信来告诉中国怎么做的？（注意：what to do一般翻译为"怎么做"。）故填what。
（9）deeply.考查应填deep的副词，作为状语，其意思是"深深地"。句意：他们的发言非常有力，深深地打动了所有中国人。故填deeply。
（10）seeing.考查动名词。本句是look forward to doing sth句型，意思是"盼望做某事"，故填see的动名词。句意：我盼望着见到他们。故填seeing。
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
第三节
9．（10分）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month. （1） It's said that the celebration of the Double Ninth Festival began from the East Han Dynasty.
（2）在这一天，人们通常会去爬山并欣赏秋日的天空。 Climbing mountains also means "climbing to a higher position".It means an increase in health，happiness and money in one's life.
Enjoying the beautiful chrysanthemum（菊花） flowers，and drinking chrysanthemum wine，are also traditional things of the Double Ninth Festival.（3）The ninth lunar month is known as the "month of chrysanthemum". Chrysanthemum wine is believed to have many benefits.Chrysanthemum wine is believed to have many benefits.The flowers and other things are mixed，and the wine﹣making process has begun.（4）但是人们在来年的重阳节才喝这酒。
"Knowing that my brothers have reached the peak.All but one is present at the planting of dogwood." People also carry sprigs（小枝）of the zhuyu （dogwood） plant on this day.（5）It's a traditional way to carry people's wishes to stop illness and protect their health and money. Dogwood is a type of evergreen，whose leaves have many medical benefits.

（1）　据说重阳节的庆祝活动始于东汉。　
（2）　On this day，people usually climb mountains and enjoy the autumn sky.　
（3）　农历九月被称为"菊花月"。　
（4）　But people don't drink this wine until the Double Ninth Festival next year.　
（5）　这是一种传统的方式来寄托人们希望停止疾病、保护健康和金钱的愿望。　
【分析】本文介绍的是中国的传统节日重阳节。介绍了重阳节的时间、历史起源、及人们怎样庆祝重阳节。
【解答】（1）据说重阳节的庆祝活动始于东汉。英译汉题。It's said+ that...据说，固定句型；celebration庆祝；the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节；began 开始；the East Han Dynasty东汉。故答案为：据说重阳节的庆祝活动始于东汉。
（2）On this day，people usually climb mountains and enjoy the autumn sky.汉译英题。On this day在这一天；climb mountains 爬山；enjoy 欣赏；the autumn sky秋日的天空。usually 通常，习惯性的动作，句子用一般现在时。故答案为：On this day，people usually climb mountains and enjoy the autumn sky。
（3）农历九月被称为"菊花月"。英译汉题。The ninth lunar month 农历九月；be known as 被称为；month of chrysanthemum菊花月。故答案为：农历九月被称为"菊花月"。
（4）But people don't drink this wine until the Double Ninth Festival next year.汉译英题。next year来年；the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节；drink this wine 喝这酒；这里应用not..until...句型，直到.....才...。故答案为：But people don't drink this wine until the Double Ninth Festival next year。
（5）这是一种传统的方式来寄托人们希望停止疾病、保护健康和金钱的愿望。英译汉题。a traditional way 一种传统的方式；carry寄托；people's wishes 人们的愿望；stop illness 停止疾病；protect their health and money保护健康和金钱。故答案为：这是一种传统的方式来寄托人们希望停止疾病、保护健康和金钱的愿望。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，正确翻译句子。
IV.书面表达（满分15分）
10．（15分）今年，响应党中央和政府号召，"双减"政策正式施行，同学们的课外辅导和家庭作业减少了。假如你是一名初三学生李华，正在接受学校公众号采访，请你结合自己的亲身经历谈一谈以下两个问题：
1）"双减"政策落实前后，你和你的同学们有些什么变化（比如学习、课余生活等方面）？
2）面对"双减"，你有一些什么个人感受？
要点提示："double reduction" policy "双减"政策；used to 过去常常；by doing sth.通过做某事
要求：
1）内容必须包括所有要点，可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2）语言表达准确，语篇连贯；
3）词数：100﹣120词；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Good morning，everyone!Since the "double reduction" policy was released，our lives have changed a lot.Next let me talk about it.______________
【分析】【高分句型一】
I often play basketball and football with my friends.我经常和朋友们一起打篮球和踢足球。play basketball 打篮球。
【高分句型二】
I think double reduction" policy is very good，which reduces the burden on our students and makes our school life more wonderful.我认为"双减"政策非常好，它减轻了我们学生的负担，使我们的学校生活更加美好。which引导的定语从句。
【解答】Good morning，everyone!Since the "double reduction" policy was released，our lives have changed a lot.Next let me talk about it.I used to have a lot of homework every day.So I had to stay up late at night.I didn't have time for other sports.Now everything is better.I have little homework every day，so I can finish it at school.In addition，I don't have to get up so early，so I can get enough sleep every night.In my spare time，I can do what I like.I often play basketball and football with my friends. 【高分句型一】Now I'm very happy.（变化） I think double reduction" policy is very good，which reduces the burden on our students and makes our school life more wonderful.【高分句型二】（感受）
【点评】这是一篇提纲作文，题目要求围绕提示内容写作，命题既有限制又给予学生发挥的空间。在写作中要综合运用所学知识，适当运用连词、副词等进行过渡。

2021/12/3 8:34:51