中考定语从句专项训练（含答案）学案

这是一份中考定语从句专项训练（含答案）学案，共7页。学案主要包含了概念，要点 ，基础知识学习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(Attributive Clause）
The man （wh lives next t us ）sells vegetable.
Yu must d everything （that I can d）.
二、要点 ：
跟定语从句相关的最关键的两个要素：
① 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
② 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：wh/whm (指代人), which（指代物），that（指代人/物），as, whse等
关系词的分类:
关系副词：when （指代时间），where (指代地点)，why (指代原因)
1. 引导定语从句
关系词的功能: 2. 代替先行词

3. 在定语从句中担当一个句法成分
三、基础知识学习：
I. 关系代词that, which, wh(whm)引导的定语从句
①.指人的关系代词: wh / whm / that
先行词在从句中作主语 ：A dctr is a persn wh / that lks after peple’s health.
先行词在从句中作宾语 ：Mr White invited many friends t his party (wh / whm / that) he respected much.
关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right persn n whm yu can depend.
②. 指物的关系代词: which / that
先行词在从句中作主语：The river which / that runs thrugh the city brings us lts f pleasure.
先行词在从句中作宾语：The bk (which / that) yu just laid n the shelf is mine.
关系代词前有介词： Here is the mney with which I will buy a pian.
总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、wh且在句中不可以省略。
⑵关系代词中在从句中充当宾语的是which、that、wh、whm且可以省略。
⑶当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用 whm， 指物只能用which。
⑷which 只能指物，wh\whm 只能指人，that既可指人又可指物。
③. 表示所有格：whse (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)
表示人的所有： The girl whse father is a mdel wrker is ur mnitr.
表示物的所有： I’d like a rm whse windw lks ut ver the sea.
④. as作关系代词的用法
as引导的定语从句常出现于the same…as…, such…as…, as…as…和s…as…结构中。
当定语从句的先行词被the same，such，as 或s修饰时，关系代词可选as，且不能省略。
Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday.
注意： the same…as… vs the same…that…
指代相似的人或物 指同一人或物
This is the same watch as I lst. Where did yu buy it?
This is the same watch that I lst. Please return it t me.
such…as… vs such…that…
It is such a difficult prblem as n ne can wrk ut.
It is such a difficult prblem that n ne can wrk it ut.
区别: as引导定语从句，指代的先行词在从句中充当成分，翻译成“像…那样”.
that引导状语从句，只起连接作用，翻译成“如此…以至于…”.
as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整句话的内容，
区别： which 不能置于句首，翻译成“这，这件事”
as 可以放在句首，句中，句末，翻译成“正如…” 谓语动词经常为knw, see, suggest, turn ut
As is knwn t all, the earth ges arund the sun.
As was expected befrehand, the cncert was very successful.
Bamb is hllw, which makes it very high.
记住下列表格
巩固提升：
一．选择
In my schl, I’ve becme gd friends with several f the students I met in the English speech cntest last year.
A. wh B. where C. when D. which
The ld temple _______ rf was damaged in strm is nw under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. Whse
Such signs _______we use in the experiment are Greek letters.
wh B. as C. which D. that
The apples ________fell dwn frm the tree were eaten up by the pigs.
which B./ C. what D. they
写句子
1.那就是教我们物理的老师。
____________________________________________________________________________
李明正是我想要见的男孩。
____________________________________________________________________________
3.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
____________________________________________________________________________
4.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
____________________________________________________________________________
他就是住在隔壁的那个男人吗？
____________________________________________________________________________
我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
____________________________________________________________________________
他有一个爸爸是当医生的朋友。
____________________________________________________________________________
8.你见过名字叫Lucy的女孩么？
____________________________________________________________________________
Sandy是一个每个学生都喜欢她的老师。
____________________________________________________________________________
这是一部我以前从来没有看过的电影。
____________________________________________________________________________
你想要拿多少书就拿多少。
____________________________________________________________________________
我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。
____________________________________________________________________________
II. 关系副词where when why引导的定语从句
D yu remember the tea huse where we used t play chess? (where=at which)
There was a time when there was n radi, TV r cinema. (when=during which)
The days are gne when he was an ignrant by. (when=in which)
They didn’t explain the reasn why they had canceled the rehearsal. (why=fr which)
（定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词 + 关系代词）
注意：where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。注意先行词还可以是抽象的地点名词,
如：case, pint, situatin, activity…
He’s gt himself int a dangerus situatin where he is likely t lse cntrl ver the plane.
注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。判断的重点在于分析先
行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。 以the city 为例
(1) This is the city that/which I visited last year.
分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I visited the city last year. visit：vt.，the city充当的成分：宾语
(2) This is the city where I lived last year.
分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I lived in the city last year. live：vi.，the city 充当的成分：状语，表地点。
巩固提升：
一．选择
1.This is the primary schl ______ I studied three years ag.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
2.Many cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks animals and plants can be prtected.
A. when B. which C. whseD. where
3.April Fl’s Day is a traditinal festival peple play harmless jkes n thers.
A．which B．where C．thatD．when
4.D yu knw the reasn he was late?
A. why B. where C. which D. that
5.I can think f many cases students bviusly knew a lt f English wrds and expressins but culdn’t write a gd essay.
A．why B．which C．as D．where
二．填空
There has nt been an accident fr eight years n the hill ______ he wrks.”
I’ll never frget the days _____________ we wrked tgether.
This is the reasn ___________ he didn’t catch the bus.
写句子
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
____________________________________________________________________________
这是李白曾经生活过的地方。
____________________________________________________________________________
老师问我上学迟到的原因。
____________________________________________________________________________
我永远不会忘记第一次见你的那天。
____________________________________________________________________________
5.上海是我出生的城市。
____________________________________________________________________________
这就是我为什么帮助你的原因。
____________________________________________________________________________
= 3 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT III、重点辨析：关系代词与关系副词的选择
用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当
的成分）。试比较：
A. I knw a place where（作状语） we can have a picnic.
I knw a place which/that（作主语） is famus fr its beautiful natural scenery.
This is the place that（作宾语） Li Bai nce visited.
B. I will never frget the days when（作状语） we spent ur hlidays tgether.
I will never frget the days that/which（作宾语） we spent tgether.
C. This is the reasn why（作状语） he was dismissed（解雇）.
This is the reasn that/which(作宾语)he explained t me fr his nt attending the meeting.
随堂练习3：
A.
(1) This is the htel_______ we will stay at.
(2) This is the htel_______ we will stay.
(3) This is the htel ________we will visit.
(4) This htel is the ne _______ we will stay at.
(5) This htel is the ne _________ we will stay.
(6) This htel is the ne __________ we will visit.
(7) This htel is___________ we will stay.
(8) This htel is___________ we will visit.

B.
(1)I'll never frget the days ___________we spent in the cuntryside.
(2)I'll never frget the days ___________we lived in the cuntryside.
(3)I'll never frget the days_______ we spent tgether.
(4)I'll never frget the days ______ we wrked tgether.
A. that B. when C. whse D. whm
C.
a) Is this flat___________ yu nce lived in
b) Is this the nly flat ___________ yu have lived in?
c) Is this the flat ___________ yu nce lived?
d) Is this the flat in ___________ yu nce lived?
e) Is it in this flat ___________ yu nce lived?
A. which B. where C. that D. the ne
关系代词
指人
指物
主格
wh、that、
that、which、
宾格
whm 、wh、that、
that、which、
所有格
f whm 、whse
f which、whse、
Keys:
1.That is the teacher wh teaches us physics.
2.Li Ming is just the by wh/whm I want t see.
Ftball is a game that/which is liked by mst bys.
4. This is the pen that/which he bught yesterday.
Is he the man that/wh lives next dr?
6.Where is the man that/whm I saw this mrning?
He has a friend whse father is a dctr.
8.Have yu seen the girl whse name is Lucy?
9.Sandy is a teacher that/whm every student likes.
10.This is the film that/which I have never seen befre.
11.Yu may take as many bks as yu want.
12.I have never seen s beautiful a place as Guilin.
Keys:
I still remember the day n which/when I first came t this schl.
This is the place in which/where Li Bai nce lived.
The teac frget the day when/n which I first met yu.
Shanghai iher asked me the reasn fr which/why I was late fr schl.
I’ll nevers the city in which/where I was brn.
6. This is the reasn fr which/why I helped yu.
Keys:which/that/, where, that/which/, that, where, what, where, that