中考形容词副词重点汇总学案

这是一份中考形容词副词重点汇总学案，共10页。学案主要包含了语法总览，形容词用法，能力强化，副词用法，中考模拟题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【语法总览】
形容词（adjective）是用来描写或修饰名词和代词的一类词，说明人或物的性质、特征或状态。
副词（adverb）是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。在句子中主要做状语。副词可分为：时间和频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序的副词、常用于完成时的副词。
【形容词用法】
① 形容词＋名词，形容词作定语。如：
例：a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
注意：“基数词­名词-形容词”可构成复合形容词，复合形容词中的名词用单数形式，而且这个复合形容词放在被修饰的名词前。如：
例：a five-year-ld by 一个八岁的小男孩
② 不定代词＋形容词，形容词作后置定语。如：
例：smething new 一些新的东西
③ the＋形容词，表示一类人或物。如：
例：the rich, the pr, the ld, the yung, the sick
④ 放在感官系动词后面，感官动词有：sund, feel, taste, lk, smell。
例：The meat tastes delicius. 这肉吃起来很美味。
⑤ 重点句型
句型1：It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ (fr / f sb.) ＋ t d sth 做某事是……的
例如：It's useful t learn a freign language.
句型2：sb. find it ＋ 形容词 ＋ t d sth 某人发现做某事是……的
例如：He fund it difficult t finish the wrk by himself.
句型3：smebdy be动词 +adj. +enugh t d sth. 某人非常adj足够去做某事。
⑥ 形容词和副词的关系：
大部分形容词在词尾加-ly可构成副词，如quickly, warmly, luckily等，但以-ly结尾的并不一定是副词，如 friendly，lvely，lnely，lively，ugly仍为形容词。
【能力强化】
( ) 1. There is ______ in tday's newspaper.
A. interesting smething B. nthing interesting
C. interesting anything D. anything interesting
( ) 2. The flwer smells ______ and I like it very much.
A. well B. gd C. bad D. badly
( ) 3. This kind f lemnade tastes quite______and sells ______.
A. gd, gd B. well, gd C. gd, well D. well, well
( ) 5. —Have yu bught ______ fr Linda’s birthday?
—Nt exactly. Just sme flwers.
A. smething unusual B. anything unusual
C. unusual smething D. unusual anything
( ) 6.—Culd yu please tell me ________ in tday's newspaper?
—Srry, ________.
A. smething special; special nthing B. special smething; special nthing
C. anything special; smething special D. smething special; nthing special
( ) 7. We must keep the classrm ______.
A. clean B. t clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
( ) 8. ______ helped a lt in ur cuntry.
A. The blind is B. The blind are C. The blinds is D. Blind are
( ) 9. In the past twenty years, many tall buildings have been built in ur city. Lk! This is a______.
A. 70-flr building B. 70-flrs building
C. 70-flr buildings D. 70 flrs building
( ) 10. My mther gt very______ because I didn't pass my math test.
A. hungry B. angry C. excited D. thirsty
( ) 11. Mr. Wu always spends a lt f time explaining things t us. He is s______ .
A. cl B. patient C. selfish D. unfair
( ) 12.—Yu lk ________. What's wrng with yu？
—I culdn't sleep well last night.
A. wrried B. wrry C. wrrying D. wrries
( ) 13. D yu want ________？
A. else anything B. anything else C. ther anything D. else smething
【副词用法】
① 多数副词放在动词之后，动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后；频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后。例如：
He studies hard. 他学习很努力。
She speaks English well. 她的英语说得很好。
I usually get up early. 我通常起得很早。
② 程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词前面，但enugh作副词时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：
He runs very fast. 他跑得很快。
He didn't wrk hard enugh. 他工作不够努力。
③ 及物动词和副词（如 n, ff, up, dwn, in, ut, ver等）构成的短语动词, 宾语为名词时，放在副词前后皆可; 若宾语为代词, 则一定要放在动词与副词之间。例如：
lk it up, put it ff, turn it dwn，it要放中间
I’d like t take ff my cat. It’s s ht here.
Yu’d better try it n, r yu wn’t knw whether it’s small r nt.
【能力强化】
( ) 3. I'm nt ______ t lift the heavy bx.
A. shrt enugh B. enugh tall C. health enugh D. strng enugh
( ) 4. He said he wuld return the mney, and I was ________.
A. fl enugh t believe him B. enugh fl t believe him
C. fl enugh believing him D. enugh fl believing him
( ) 5. He wanted t read mre, s he asked his friends if there was _______ t read.
A. smething easy enugh B. smething enugh easy
C. enugh easy smething D. easy enugh smething
( ) 6. The suit feels ________ and it sells ________.
A. well; gd B. gd; gd C. gd; well D. well; well
( ) 7. The Internet is very useful fr us. We can________ find infrmatin.
A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly
( ) 8. Can yu pass my glasses t me, Betty? I can _________ see the wrds n the blackbard.
A. really B. hard C. nly D. hardly
( ) 9. — Can yu understand me?
— Srry, I can________understand what yu’ve said.
A. nearly B. easily C. hardly D. exactly
( ) 10. Zhang Yimu is nt in China. He has gne ________. He is nw in America.
A. awayB. backC. abrad D. arund
( ) 11. Lk, Mary lks sad. Let’s g and __________.
A. cheer up him B. cheer him up C. cheer up her D. cheer her up
( ) 12. I want t have a rest. The radi is s nisy. Culd yu __________?
A. turn it dwn B. turn dwn it
C. turn them dwn D. turn dwn them
【形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则】
绝大多数形容词都有三级变化：原级、比较级和最高级，用以表示其说明的性质在程度上的不同。
一、规则变化表：
二、不规则变化表：（好坏多少老远）,填写下表
【原级、比较级和最高级的用法】
一、原级的用法：
 表示A与B一样时：A + 动词 + as + 原级 + as B
例如：Je is as tall as Tim. He runs as fast as his brther.
 表示A不如 B时：A + 动词 + nt + s (as) + 原级 + as B
例如：Je is nt s (as) tall as Tim. He desn’t run s (as) fast as his brther.
 某些固定用法：as lng as 只要，as sn as 一…就…
as + 原级 + as pssible 尽可能……，as far as I knw 据我所知
二、比较级的用法：
 表示A比B更加…时：A + 动词 + 比较级 + than B
例如：Je is taller than Tim. He runs faster than his brther.
难点：比较对象所处范围的同一性对于比较对象修饰词的影响。
在同一范围中时：A is + 比较级 + than any ther +单数可数名词 + 同一范围
=the ther +复数可数名词
（在同一范围内，比其它剩下的任意的每一个都更加怎样）
在不同范围中时：A is + 比较级 + than any + 单数可数名词 + 不同范围
例如： China is larger than any ther cuntry in Asia.
= China is larger than the ther cuntries in Asia. = China is larger than any cuntry in Africa.
“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”
例如：bigger and bigger mre and mre beautiful
“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，就越……”
例如：The mre yu eat, the fatter yu will becme.
The mre exercises yu d, the better grades yu will get.
三、最高级的用法
 三者或三者以上的最高级：A + 动词 + the + 最高级 + 比较范围
例如：Shanghai is the largest city in China.
She is the tallest amng her three sisters.
This car is the mst expensive ne f the three.
 表示“最……之一”时：ne f the + 最高级 + 名词复数
例如：This is ne f the mst wnderful mvies in the wrld.
He is ne f the best teachers in ur schl.
 表示“第几个最……”时：the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词单数
例如：The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.
 表示“某物是某人所经历过最……的”意思时：主语 + the + 高级 + sb. have ever dne
例如：He is the mst handsme guy I have ever seen.
This is the best place I have ever been t.
⑤ Which/ wh is + the +最高级， A，B r C.
例如：Which is the mst beautiful city, Beijing, Guangzhu r Shanghai?
注意：
 比较级前可以用“much, even, far, a little, a bit, a lt”,来修饰
例如：Why nt get up a little earlier than yesterday?
Yu are much taller than me.
Learning is a lt mre imprtant than watching TV.
 只有同类事物才能比较：The weather here is htter than that f Beijing.
 比较级前在跟“f the tw”结构时要用“the + 比较级”：He is the taller f the tw.
 最高级前面有物主代词修饰时不用the：He is my best friend.
⑤ 副词最高级一般不加定冠词the. 如：Lin Ta runs fastest f all.
【能力强化】
( ) 1. Smene says “Time is mney”. But I think time is _________ imprtant than mney.
A. less B. much C. even mre D. much least
( ) 2. The actress is already 50 years ld, but she lks _________than she really is.
A. yung B. mre yung C. mre yunger D. much yunger
( ) 3. It was very ht yesterday, but it is______ tday.
A. even htter B. mre htter C. much mre ht D. much ht
( ) 4. The_________ yu wrk at yur lessns, the_______ results yu will get.
A. hard; gd B. harder; gd C. hard; better D harder; better
( ) 5. The_________friends yu have, the_________yu will be.
A. mre; happy B. many; happy C. mre; happier D. many; happier
( ) 6. Jhn is nt a gd driver and he drives _________ than any ther peple.
A. the mst careless B. mre careless C. mre carelessly D. mst carelessly
( ) 8. When winter cmes, days get______.
A. lng and lng B. shrt and shrt
C. lnger and lnger D. shrter and shrter
( ) 11. Tm is ne f ______ bys in ur class.
A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall
( ) 13. —Our wmen athletes achieved great success in the 2014 Asian Games.
—Yes. They perfrm________, I think.
A. better B. the best C. wrse D. the wrst
( ) 16. This bx is______ that ne.
A. heavy than B. s heavy as C. heavier as D. as heavy as
( ) 17. This bk is______ that ne, but______ than that ne.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as mre difficult as; mre expensive
C. as difficult as; mre expensive D. mre difficult as; as expensive
二、词汇和短语辨析
1. alne 和lnely
2. gd和well
3. interesting和 interested
4. much t, t much和t many
6. t, als, either, as well
7. hw ften, hw lng, hw sn, hw far
(1) hw lng “多久，多长时间”，是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“fr+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。例如：
— Hw lng have yu lived in Beijing? — Fr ten years.
(2) hw sn 多快，多久以后，对一个短暂性动词提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用“in+ 一段时间”回答。
例如：
—Hw sn will yur father cme back? —He will cme back in a week.
(3) Hw ften“多久一次”，对频度提问，常用表示频率的词“nce, twice, three times a week, ften”等回答。
例如：
— Hw ften d yu play ftball? — Once a week.
(4) Hw far“多远”，对距离提问。例如：
— Hw far is it frm here t yur hme?— Only 200 meters away.
【能力强化】
( ) 1. — __________ d yu play cmputer games every week?
— Abut tw hurs.
A. Hw ften B. Hw much C. Hw sn D. Hw lng
( ) 2. — __________ can we bard ur plane?
— In twenty minutes.
A. Hw sn B. Hw lng C. Hw ftenD. Hw much
( ) 3. — Excuse me, sir.__________ is it t the nearest htel?
— Abut 15 minutes’ walk alng this rad.
A. Hw much B. Hw sn C. Hw far D. Hw lng
( ) 4. — Why are yu s tired these days?
— Well, I have __________ wrk t d.
A. t much B. t many C. much t D. many t
( ) 5. — Lk! There is a big river. Let’s swim in it!
— N, I think it’s __________ dangerus.
A. much t B. t much C. t many D. much mre
( ) 6. Every year a lt f turists travel t Hainan, because it's __________ island.
A. s a beautiful B. s beautiful C. such a beautiful D. a such beautiful
( ) 10. It's twelve ' clck at night, but he is __________wrking.
A. already B. ever C. stillD. yet
( ) 11. — Have yu read tday’s mrning paper?
—Nt __________. What’s the latest news abut the hand-ft-muth disease?
A. nlyB. yetC. everD. just
( ) 14.—What was the weather like yesterday？
—It was terrible. It rained s __________ that peple culd __________ g ut.
A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hard; hard
( ) 15. — I haven’t seen Grace fr a lng time.
—I haven’t seen her, __________.
A. ther B. t C. either D. neither
【中考模拟题】
二、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Daphne Kenny is a 7-year-ld girl. One day, while she was shpping at the supermarket with her mn Danica, her eyes 31 by a nte n the shelf. She picked it up and gave it t her mn. Danica thught it was smene’s shpping list. But she quickly realized 32 the nte was just there fr peple t find. “Whever finds this. I lve yu,” the nte said with a $ 100 bill.
Danica was able 33 sure the bill was a real ne because she nce wrked at a bank. “ 34 surprise t find it here! But t Daphne, a $100 bill is 35 same as a penny(美分) ” Danica said. “S I tld her ‘Yu fund 100 dllars and it was a lt f mney’.” 36 first, Danica cnsidered keeping it fr herself. But finally she let her daughter keep the mney and use it fr what she wanted.
Daphne 37 the $100 bill t a ty Stre. She bught tw ty cats and named 38 bth after her real cat.
“Daphne lves the tw ty Cats very much and makes the bed carefully fr them every night” Danica said. “I hpe this experience will prvide a much 39 lessn fr Daphne. I hpe it makes her think hw her actins can influence ther peple 40 that even smething small can make peple happy.
3 1. A. caught B. are caught C. were caught D. will be caught
32. A. that B. which C. where D. whether
33. A. make B. made C. making D. t make
34. A. Hw B. Hw a C. What D. What a
35. A. / B. the C. a D. an
36. A. At B. In C. Fr D. Frm
37. A. takes B. tk C. will take D. has taken
38. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves
39. A. great B. greaterC. greatest D. the greatest
40. A. s B. but C. and D. thugh
四、阅读理解（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
Mrs. Li plans t visit the Natinal Museum f China next Sunday with her sn. She is lking fr infrmatin n its fficial website
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF CHINA

Address: East side f Tiananmen Square, N.16 East Changan Street, Dngcheng District, Beijing
Opening hurs: 9:00 am-5:00 pm
It clses n Mnday except during public hlidays like May Day r Natinal Day.
Price: Fr free
Admissin: All visitrs must make an appintment (预约) in advance. Visitrs with ID cards, student cards and ther valid certificates (有效证件)can enter. Befre entering, visitrs must g thugh security checks and shw the real-time Health Cdes status. Children under 1.3m need t be accmpanied (陪同) by their parents.
Getting here: N.1, N.2, N.52, N.82, N.120 buses; Subway Line 1
Nte: In rder t keep exhibitin halls clean and prtect the exhibits (展品), pets, drinks and fd cannt be brught int the museum
Fr mre infrmatin, please visit
( ) 51.The museum is usually pen fr __________hurs
A.7 B. 8 C.8.5 D. 9
( ) 52.16-year-ld Mary can enter the museum with_________ .
her student card B. her cllectin f stamps
C. her hmewrk D. her library card
( ) 53What can’t we learn abut the Natinal Museum f China in the text?
Its address. B. Its pening time.
C. Its histry and stry. D. Its fficial website.
( ) 54. Which f the fllwing is true?
A. Mrs. Li will visit the Natinal Museum 0f China n Mnday.
B. Visitrs Can buy tickets nline befre visiting the museum.
C. A l:2-mcter-talI by can enter the museum With his parents.
D. Visitrs can take their pet dgs int the museum.
( ) 55. Wh may be Interested in the text?
A. Pet lvers. B. Sprts lvers.C. Bk lvers. D. Travel lvers.
B
Ⅰ栏是五位学生的兴趣爱好，Ⅱ栏是七个科学小项目。请为每位学生选择最适合的项目。
读写综合（本大题分A、B两部分，共25分）
B．书面表达（本题15分）
假如你是王芳，你的英国网友Maria对中国古代故事很感兴趣，她希望你给她讲一个中国古代故事。请根据提示，给她写一封邮件。
内容包括
(1)说明你要分享的故事名字
(2)比较详细地讲述该故事的前因后果；
(3)询问她如何看待该故事。
作文要求
不能照抄原文；
作文连贯，词数80个左右（开关和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Maria,
I am very glad t share a famus Chinese stry with yu. It is called
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er或-est
tall
shrt
taller
shrter
tallest
shrtest
以e结尾的词加-r或-st
fine
late
finer
later
finest
latest
以重读闭音节结尾的词，双写末尾辅音字母，再加-er或-est
big
thin
bigger
thinner
biggest
thinnest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y 为i 再加-er或-est
easy
early
easier
earlier
easiest
earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在词前加mre 或mst
beautiful
interesting
mre beautiful
mre interesting
mst beautiful
mst interesting
原级
比较级
最高级
gd, well
bad, badly, ill
many, much
little
ld
lder, elder
ldest, eldest
far
farther, further
farthest, furthest
Ⅰ
( )61. Mary finds that there are nt many fireflies(萤火虫)arund nwadays. She wants t knw why.
( )62. Adam lves whales. But he hasn’t fund ut hw whales cmmunicate with each ther.
( )63. Je is interested in Mars, and he wants t knw mre abut the red planet.
( )64. Edisn lves different species f fish. He wants t learn mre abut fish in the cean.
( )65. Jane enjys watching cluds. She has taken a lt f phts f cluds in different shapes and size.
Ⅱ
A. The Whale Sng Prject
Have yu ever heard whales singing beautiful sngs? D yu want t knw what they are singing? This prject invites yu t listen t whale calls and help scientists study hw whales cmmunicate with each ther.
B. Age Guess
Age Guess is an nline game where yu guess the age f ther peple by lking at their pictures. In just a few minutes, yu can help researchers with the study f human aging.
C. Digital Fishers
Are yu ne f thse peple wh lve fish? If yu are, the prject Digital Fishers is fr yu. It allws yu t help scientists identify(确认)different species f fish simply by watching 15-secnd vides frm yur wn cmputer.
D. The Ryal Sciety Laughter Prject
The prject has put tgether a playlist f different laughs. Cme and see if yu can guess which ne is real. The results will help researchers learn hw peple react t different sunds.
E. Be a Martian
Cme t the science labratry and help scientists learn abut the red planet. Yu can help identify imprtant features(特点) in images abut Mars, ask questins and watch vides abut Mars.
F. The Wnder f Fireflies
Mst f us have magical memries f catching fireflies when we were children. But sadly, fireflies seem t be disappearing. Help scientists t understand why and keep the magic f future generatins with this prject frm the Museum f Science in Bstn.
G. NASA’ cl
D yu lve watching cluds? If yu d, yu can help cllect infrmatin abut clud types and the send yur bservatins(观察) t NASA.