英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)Unit 6 healthy diet学案及答案

这是一份英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)Unit 6 healthy diet学案及答案，共16页。学案主要包含了概念，宾语从句的分类，宾语从句三要素，宾语从句的否定前移，宾语从句的简化规则，宾语从句的做题方法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
知识框架
语法精讲
一、概念
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可以分为三类。
二、宾语从句的分类
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1. 动词的宾语从句：
He tld us that they wuld help us thugh the whle wrk.
I think it necessary that we take plenty f ht water every day.
2. 介词的宾语从句：
The new bk is abut hw Shenzhu 6 manned spaceship was sent up int space.
3. 形容词的宾语从句：
I am sure I will pass the exam.
He is glad that Li Ming went t see him when he was ill.
【即学即练】
划出下列句子中的宾语从句。
1. Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.
2. We all find it imprtant that we (shuld) make a quick decisin abut this mater.
3. We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
4. I am srry that I have trubled yu s lng.
三、宾语从句三要素
一、陈述句语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即：主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+…）
如：I hear that physics isn’t easy
I want t knw hw sn it will begin.
Culd yu tell me what I shuld d with the mney?
Can yu imagine what kind f man he is?
注：陈述语序和疑问语序的区别
对比分析下列例句：
1. D yu like English?
划线部分基本结构：_____________________________________
助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他？
Tm asked me if/whether I liked English.
划线部分基本结构：_____________________________________
引导词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他.
2. Hw will yu g t Beijing?
划线部分基本结构：______________________________________
疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他?
Tm asked me hw I wuld g t Beijing.
划线部分基本结构：______________________________________
引导词+主语+助动词+谓语动词+宾语+其他.
总结：疑问语序中，助动词要放在主语之前；
而在陈述语序中，有时没有助动词，如果有的话要放在主语之后。
【即学即练】
1. ---Hw abut buying an iPhne 6s fr yur birthday?
---Oh, it’s maybe t expensive, Dad. D yu knw ______? (2016四川自贡)
A. hw much it csts B. hw much des it cst
C. hw much it cst
2. D yu knw when ______ tday. (2016湖南株洲)
A. is the bkstre clsed B. des the bkstre clse
C. the bkstre clses
3. We must remember ______. (2016四川宜宾)
A. what ur teacher said B. what did ur teacher say
C. what has ur teacher said
二、宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态应与主句时态相呼应。
宾语从句时态口诀：
1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。
2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。
【即学即练】
一、 改错练习
1. She said that she is a student.
2. She said that she will fly t Japan in a week.
3. She said that she has finished her hmewrk already.
4. He tld me that Japan was an island cuntry.
5. He tells me that his sister cmes back yesterday.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The radi says it ___________ (be) cludy tmrrw.
2. I didn’t knw whm the letter _________ (be) frm.
3. He asked what they ___________ (d) at eight last night.
4. Ling Feng tld me he ___________ (be) there several times.
5. The teacher tld his students that light _________ (travel) faster than sund.
三、单项选择
1. ---Excuse me, d yu knw _____ yesterday?
---Sure. It clsed at 6:00 p. m. yesterday. (2016山东临沂)
A. when the bkstre clses B. when des the bkstre clse
C. when the bkstre clsed D. when did the bkstre clse
2. ---Can yu tell me ______?
---Sure. Fr abut 3 weeks. (2016四川广安)
A. hw lng Thmas has bught the bike
B. hw lng has Thmas bught the bike
C. hw lng Thmas has had the bike
D. hw lng has Thmas had the bike
3. The teacher asked the students _____. (2013黑龙江绥化)
A. why the earth went arund the sun
B. why des the earth g arund the sun
C. why the earth ges arund the sun
D. why did the earth g arund the sun
4. ---Can yu tell me ______ ?
--- He lives in Shanghai. (2016北京)
A. where Mark lives B. where des Mark live
C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live
5. ---Can yu tell me _____ t Lndn?
---Sure. Next mnth. (2016贵州安顺)
A. when yu will travel B. when will yu travel
C. when yu traveled D. when did yu travel
6. ---Li Mei, d yu knw _____?
---Well, she likes the Vice f China. (2016山东济南)
A. what TV shw des yur English teacher like
B. what TV shw yur English teacher likes
C. what TV shw did yur English teacher like
D. what TV shw yur English teacher liked
7. ---Culd yu tell me _____ every mrning?
---Sure. I have t catch the schl bus. (2016吉林长春)
A. why yu get up early B. why d yu get up early
C. why did yu get up early D. why yu gt up early
8. The plice wndered _____. (2015山东临沂)
A. whse handbag it is B. whse handbag it was
C. whse handbag is it D. whse handbag was it
三、宾语从句的引导词
注1：只用whether不用if的情况
注2：有“两副面孔”的if
注3：有“两副面孔”的when
【即学即练】
1. --- D yu knw ______?
--- Perhaps tmrrw, but I’m nt sure.
A. hw we’ll g t the museum B. which place we’ll visit next Sunday
C. when we’ll travel t Disney Land D. why he wn’t cme here
2. --- Mr. Black, culd yu tell me _____?
--- At 10:00 tmrrw mrning.
where we’ll g hiking.
B. when we’ll have a meeting
C. whether yu will cme t my birthday party
3. ---Are yu ging camping this afternn?
---A typhn is cming. I’m nt sure _____ the rad t the muntain will be clsed.
A. which B. what C. whether D. why
4. My neighbr asked me _____ I heard the big nise last night r nt.
A. whether B. if C. what
5. ---D yu knw when Jay ______ here tmrrw?
---Srry, I dn’t knw. But when he ______ here tmrrw, I’ll tell yu at nce.
A. gets; gets B. gets; will get
C. will get; will get D. will get; gets
6. ---Mum, I dn't knw if Hnghng t my party tmrrw.
---I think she will cme if she free.
A. cmes, is B. cmes, will be
C. will cme, is D. will cme, will be
四、宾语从句的否定前移
【注1：宾语从句否定转移以后，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致】
如：I dn’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
【注2：如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.】
如：We find that he never listens t the teacher carefully, des he? 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
主句为其他人称时，反义疑问句在人称，数和时态上要与主句保持一致。如：
She thinks her sn is the best ne in the team,desn’t she ？
她认为她儿子时团队中最好的，是吗？
【即学即练】
将下列复合句改为否定句
1. I think chicken can swim.
_____________________________________________
2. He said that he wuld g shpping.
_____________________________________________
3. I think he will cme this evening.
_____________________________________________
4. She believes he studies hard.
_____________________________________________
五、宾语从句的简化规则
【即学即练】
1. I really dn’t knw where I can find my lst key.
I really dn’t knw ___________ my lst key.
2. Can the cmputer tell us what we shuld d next?
Can the cmputer tell us __________ next?
3. My mther prmised that she wuld buy me an iphne8.
My mther prmised ______________ an iphne8.
4. I can’t decide which ne I shuld chse.
I can’t decide _______________.
5. I think that it is imprtant t learn English.
I think ________________ English.
六、宾语从句的做题方法
1. 判断是不是宾语从句的考点
首先，句子题干较长，各个地区对于宾语从句的测试点往往考查时态和语序，在历届中考和模拟测试中常常放在单项选择最后一题，因此很好判断；
其次，由于涉及语序的考查，宾语从句的选项部分通常为完整的从句；
最后，对宾语从句的考查通常是通过一个对话来呈现上下文语境的，因此从句子结构分析，主句部分通常是Culd/Can yu tell me... ?以及 I want t knw... 等表达。
2. 确定宾语从句的考查点并进行选择
例题1：
—Culd yu tell me_____________?
—Just g straight. It’s n yur right.
A. where the pst ffice isB. where is the pst ffice
C. where the pst ffice wasD. where was the pst ffice
例题2：
—D yu knw__________ the Capital Museum?
—Next Mnday.
A. when they will visitB. when will they visit
C. when did they visitD. when they visited
综合练习
一、按要求转换句型
1. Des Mr. Brwn enjy living in China? Culd yu tell us?（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
→Culd yu tell us _______ Mr. Brwn ________ living in China?
2. “Des the girl need any help?” he asked me. （改为含宾语从句的复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl ________ sme help.
3. “I am having supper,” he said. （改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He said that he supper.
4. When des the train leave? I want t knw. （改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want t knw _________ the train _________.
5. Did Peter cme here yesterday? Li Lei wants t knw. （改为含宾语从句的复合句）
Li Lei wants t knw _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
6. I dn't knw hw I can get t the hspital.（改为简单句）
I dn't knw ____ ______ _______ t the hspital.
7. I hpe that I will hear frm yu sn. （改为简单句）
I hpe ______ ______ frm yu sn.
8. I think that it is dangerus t play with fire. （改为简单句）
I think ______ ______ t play with fire.
9. I wnder hw I can g there. （改为简单句）
I wnder ______ ______ _______ there.
10. They haven’t decided when and where they shuld build a new pwer statin. （改为简单句）
They haven’t decided ______ ________ ______ ______ ______ a new pwer statin.
巩固提升
宾语从句专项练习
1.—Culd yu please tell me _____ tmrrw?
—At 8 ’clck.
A. hw will she start B. hw she will start
C. what time she will start D. what time will she start.
2.—D yu knw _________?
—Yes, she is very kind and utging.
A. what’s his mther like B. what his mther likes
C. what his mther is like D. hw his mther is like
3.He std up and tld the teacher________.
A. what is his name B. what was his name
C. what his name was
4.As middle schl students, we shuld start thinking abut _____ fr ur cuntry in the future.
A. what we did B. what did we d
C. what we can d D. what can we d
5.--- Excuse me, culd yu please tell me _______ the Science Museum?
--- Sure. G alng the street and turn left. It’s next t Bank f China.
A. when I can get t B. when can I get t
C. hw I can get t D. hw can I get t
6.--- I can’t see _______ n the blackbard. May I brrw yur ntebk?
--- Sure. Here yu are.
A. what ur teacher wrte B. what did ur teacher write
C. why ur teacher wrte D. hw did ur teacher write
7.—Culd yu please tell me_____?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. Yu may surf the Internet.
A. wh wrte Jurney t the West
B. is Tm Sawyer a stry frm Eurpe
C. hw high is Qmlangma
D. the elephant is ne f Thailand’s symbls
8.—Culd yu tell me ______?
—Lk! He is playing vlleyball ver there.
A. what is Tm ding B. hw Tm did it
C. where Tm is D. why Tm is ding it
9.---I'd like t knw ___ fr the party.
---I have n idea.
A. why did she buy s little fd B. what she has prepared
C. whether will she dance D. when is she leaving
10.—What did the manager ask yu after the meeting?
—She asked me ____.
A. what a I d fr the prject last week
B. if can I finish the wrk n time
C. hw did I deal with the prblem
D. why I was late fr the meeting
11.—Culd yu please tell me ______ get t Xiagan East Statin?
—Yu can take the N.2 Bus ver there.
A. when we canB. hw we can
C. when can weD. hw can we
12.—Culd yu tell me _____?
—The mvie Fast and Furius(激情）8.
A. where yu saw the mvie B. which mvie yu like best
C. where did yu see the mvieD. which mvie d yu like best
13.— Culd yu please tell me____?
— The peple and the fd.
A. hw des Tm like China B. if Tm likes China
C. what des Tm like abut ChinaD. what Tm likes abut China
14.—After we enter the high schl, we will have the curses abut life management. We can chse what we like. I wnder ______.
—Physics. I want t study science in the future.
A. what chsing curses is fr
B. what curses yu want t take
C. what yu think f chsing cursed
15.—Culd yu tell me ____?
—Sure. A stry bk.
A. when did yur friend give it t yu
B. what did yur friend give yu
C. hw yur friend gt t the supermarket
D. what yur friend gave yu
16.---D yu knw_______
---Yes, f curse. It will be hsted by Beijing and Zhangjiaku.
A. hw will be the 2022 Winter Olympics
B. which city will hst the 2022 Winter Olympics
C. when will be the next Winter Olympics
D. where will be the next Winter Olympics
17.Culd yu please tell me ____?
A. hw can I make the machine wrk
B. hw I can make the machine wrk.
C. hw I can make the machine t wrk
D. hw can I make the machine t wrk.
18.—Culd yu tell me ______ t Lndn?
—Sure, next mnth.
A. when will yu travel B. when wuld yu travel
C. when yu will travel D. when yu travel
19.— Michael, culd yu tell me_______?
—I’d like t jin the dancing club
A. why yu like the dancing clubB. which club yu are ging t jin
C. whether there are any clubs in yur schl
20.--- Judy, culd yu tell me _______ the schlbag?
--- Oh, yes. I bught it in a stre n the Internet.
A. where did yu buy B. where will yu buy
C. where yu bught D. where yu will buy
课堂归纳
概念：宾语从句指的是在句子中起_________作用的从句。宾语从句分为三类：__________宾语从句、_________宾语从句和_________宾语从句。
. 宾语从句的三要素：
语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问
句，宾语从句必须使用__________，即：主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+…）
宾语从句
宾语从句的时态
主句为现在时或将来时，从句可用各种_____________；
主句是过去时，从句用____________________表示与主句谓语动作同时发生；
从句用__________表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，
从句用___________表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
如果从句表示客观真理、自然现象或者谚语时，不管主句用
什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时
（3）引导词
①__________只起引导词作用，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，且
通常可以省略
②___________和_________不充当句子成分，但有词义，表示“是 否”连接代词
常见的连接代词有_______、_______、________、________、_______等
常见的连接副词有_______ 、________、 _______ 、_______等
3. 宾语从句的否定转移
①主句的主语是第一人称________ 或_________
②谓语动词是______ _______ ________ ________ _____等表示心
理活动的动词
③从句的否定词一般要转移到__________上来
主句时态
宾语从句时态
例句
现在时或将来时
可用各种合适的时态
I want t knw what time he gt up this mrning.
过去时
从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动作同时发生
I nly knew he was studying in a western cuntry, but I didn’t knw what cuntry he was in.
从句用过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He tld me that he had tld Mary abut the meeting already.
从句用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reprter asked if the gvernment wuld take necessary measures t put dwn the t-d.
任意时态
如果从句表示客观真理、自然现象或者谚语时，宾语从句要用一般现在时
The teacher said that the mn ges arund the earth yesterday.
引导词
用法
例句
that
that只起引导词作用，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，且通常可以省略
He said (that) he was gd at.
We think (that) he will help us.
if 或 whether
if 和 whether 不充当句子成分，但有词义，表示“是否”
I dn’t knw if /whether he will cme.
I wnder whether/if it is true.
连接代词
常见的连接代词有what, wh, whm, which, whse等。
She asked wh wuld like t g.
Tell me whse wallet this is.
I dn’t knw what I shuld d next.
连接副词
常见的连接副词有when, hw, where, why等。
He knws where they live.
I can’t tell yu why she is crying.
He didn’t say when he wuld return.
1. 在构成whether r nt结构时，只用whether
I dn’t knw whether r nt he will cme.
2. 在介词之后的宾语从句
I depends n whether it will be fine.
3. 在带t的不定式前
We shuld decide whether t walk there.
4. 含有宾语从句的复合句同时又包含if引导的条件句时
He asked me whether I’d mve t New Yrk if I gt the jb.
if可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，此时需注意“主将从现”的原则
If it rains tmrrw, I wn’t cme.
if也可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”
I dn’t knw if it will rain tmrrw.
when可以引导时间状语从句，意为“当”，此时需注意“主将从现”的原则
I’ll send yu an e-mail when I arrive in Beijing.
when也可以引导宾语从句，意为“什么时候”
I dn’t knw when he will arrive in Beijing.
宾语从句的否定转移
条件
1. 主句的主语是第一人称I 或we
2. 谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, expect, guess等表示心理活动的动词
结果
从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来
例句
I think he will cme t my party.
→I dn’t think he will cme t my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会。
1. 可转化为“不定式”
当宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且主句谓语动词是hpe, decide, wish, chse, agree, prmise等，其后的that引导的宾语从句可简化为不定式结构
Li Ming hpes (that) he will be back very sn. →
Li Ming hpes t be back very sn.
2. 可转化为“疑问词+不定式”
当主句谓语动词是knw, ask, remember, frget, tell等动词宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构
She has frgtten hw she can pen the windw. →
She has frgtten hw t pen the windw.
Culd yu tell me hw I can get t the statin? →
Culd yu tell me hw t get t the statin?
3. 可转化为“it+形容词+不定式”
当从句为it作形式主语的结构时，宾语从句可简化为“it+形容词+不定式”
I fund that it was difficult t learn English well. →
I fund it difficult t learn English well.
考查点
对策
例题
引导词
可以根据句子成分是否完整以及句意进行选择
—Excuse me, madam. Culd yu please tell me _____ the bus arrives?
—Sure. At 9:00.
A. where B. when C. why D. hw
语序
陈述语序：主语+谓语+其他
—Hi, Tny! D yu knw ________?
—Yes, there is a cffee shp at the crner f the street.
A. when I can a cup f cffee B. when can I get a cup f cffee
C. where I can get a cup f cffee D. where can I get a cup f cffee
时态
当主句为现在时或将来时时，宾语从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响
My mther asked me _________ this mrning.
A. why did I get up late
B. why I gt up late
C. why d I get up late
D. why I get up late

当主句时态为一般过去时时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态
当宾语从句表述的是一个客观真理、自然现象或者谚语时，其时态不受主句时态的影响。
参考答案：
1. Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.
2. We all find it imprtant that we (shuld) make a quick decisin abut this mater.
3. We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
4. I am srry that I have trubled yu s lng.
参考答案：ACA
参考答案：
一、改错练习
1. She said that she was a student.
2. She said that she wuld fly t Japan in a week.
3. She said that she had finished her hmewrk already.
4. He tld me that Japan is an island cuntry.
5. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.will be; 2.came; 3.were ding; 4.had been; 5.travels
三、单选1-5. CCCAA 6-8. BAB
参考答案：CBCAD C
参考答案：
1. I dn’t think chicken can swim.
2. He said that he wuldn’t g shpping.
3. I dn't think he will cme this evening.
4. She believes he desn't study hard.
参考答案：
1. where t find 2. what t d 3. t buy me 4. which ne t chse
5. it imprtant t learn
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。从时态的角度来说，虽然主句culd yu tell me的情态动词是culd，但是culd在此只是为了表达更加委婉的语气，和一般过去时无关，而且从语意上讲，很显然问话人想知道现在邮局在哪儿，故排除C、D两项，在A、B两项中选择；再从语序来看，宾语从句应该用陈述语序，符合的选项为A。
答案：A
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。从语序方面来说，只有A、D两项正确，排除B、C两项；由时态标志词next Mnday可以排除D。
答案：A
一、按要求转换句型
1. if/whether; enjys
2. whether/ if; needed
3. was having
4. when; leaves
5. whether; came
6. hw t get
7. t hear
8. it dangerus
9. hw t g
10. when and where t build
宾语从句专项练习
1-5 CCCCC 6-10 AACBD
11-15 BBDBD 16-20 BBCBC
解析：1. 宾语； 动词的；介词的；形容词的 2.（1）陈述句语序 ；（2）①合适的时态；②一般过去时或过去进行时；③过去完成时；过去将来时 ④一般现在时 （3）①that;
②if, whether; ③what, wh, whm, which, whse; ④when, hw, where, why
3.①I,we ②think, believe, imagine, expect, guess ③主句