2022年广东中考专题复习-形容词和副词讲解+练习学案

这是一份2022年广东中考专题复习-形容词和副词讲解+练习学案，共10页。学案主要包含了语法总览，形容词用法，能力强化，副词用法，中考模拟题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

九年级中考复习学案
形容词和副词
【语法总览】
形容词（adjective）是用来描写或修饰名词和代词的一类词，说明人或物的性质、特征或状态。
副词（adverb）是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。在句子中主要做状语。副词可分为：时间和频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序的副词、常用于完成时的副词。

【形容词用法】

① 形容词＋名词，形容词作定语。如：
例：a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
注意：“基数词­名词-形容词”可构成复合形容词，复合形容词中的名词用单数形式，而且这个复合形容词放在被修饰的名词前。如：
例：a five-year-old boy 一个八岁的小男孩
② 不定代词＋形容词，形容词作后置定语。如：
例：something new 一些新的东西
③ the＋形容词，表示一类人或物。如：
例：the rich, the poor, the old, the young, the sick
④ 放在感官系动词后面，感官动词有：sound, feel, taste, look, smell。
例：The meat tastes delicious. 这肉吃起来很美味。
⑤ 重点句型
句型1：It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ (for / of sb.) ＋ to do sth 做某事是……的
例如：It's useful to learn a foreign language.
句型2：sb. find it ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do sth 某人发现做某事是……的
例如：He found it difficult to finish the work by himself.
⑥ 形容词和副词的关系：
大部分形容词在词尾加-ly可构成副词，如quickly, warmly, luckily等，但以-ly结尾的并不一定是副词，如 friendly，lovely，lonely，lively，ugly仍为形容词。

【能力强化】
( ) 1. There is ______ in today's newspaper.
A. interesting something B. nothing interesting
C. interesting anything D. anything interesting
( ) 2. The flower smells ______ and I like it very much.
A. well B. good C. bad D. badly
( ) 3. This kind of lemonade tastes quite______and sells ______.
A. good, good B. well, good C. good, well D. well, well
( ) 5. —Have you bought ______ for Linda’s birthday?
—Not exactly. Just some flowers.
A. something unusual B. anything unusual
C. unusual something D. unusual anything
(　 ) 6.—Could you please tell me ________ in today's newspaper?
—Sorry, ________.
A. something special; special nothing B. special something; special nothing
C. anything special; something special D. something special; nothing special
( ) 7. We must keep the classroom ______.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
( ) 8. ______ helped a lot in our country.
A. The blind is B. The blind are C. The blinds is D. Blind are
( ) 9. In the past twenty years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. Look! This is a______.
A. 70-floor building B. 70-floors building
C. 70-floor buildings D. 70 floors building
( ) 10. My mother got very______ because I didn't pass my math test.
A. hungry B. angry C. excited D. thirsty
( ) 11. Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time explaining things to us. He is so______ .
A. cool B. patient C. selfish D. unfair
(　 ) 12.—You look ________. What's wrong with you？　
—I couldn't sleep well last night.
A. worried B. worry C. worrying D. worries
(　 ) 13. Do you want ________？
A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something

【副词用法】

① 多数副词放在动词之后，动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后；频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后。例如：
He studies hard. 他学习很努力。
She speaks English well. 她的英语说得很好。
I usually get up early. 我通常起得很早。
② 程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词前面，但enough作副词时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：
He runs very fast. 他跑得很快。　
He didn't work hard enough. 他工作不够努力。
③ 及物动词和副词（如 on, off, up, down, in, out, over等）构成的短语动词, 宾语为名词时，放在副词前后皆可; 若宾语为代词, 则一定要放在动词与副词之间。例如：
look it up, put it off, turn it down，it要放中间
I’d like to take off my coat. It’s so hot here.
You’d better try it on, or you won’t know whether it’s small or not.

【能力强化】
(　 ) 3. I'm not ______ to lift the heavy box.
A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough
(　　) 4. He said he would return the money, and I was ________.
A. fool enough to believe him B. enough fool to believe him
C. fool enough believing him D. enough fool believing him
(　　) 5. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was _______ to read.
A. something easy enough B. something enough easy
C. enough easy something D. easy enough something
(　　) 6. The suit feels ________ and it sells ________.
A. well; good B. good; good C. good; well D. well; well
(　　) 7. The Internet is very useful for us. We can________ find information.
A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly
(　 　) 8. Can you pass my glasses to me, Betty? I can _________ see the words on the blackboard.
A. really B. hard C. only D. hardly
(　　) 9. — Can you understand me?
— Sorry, I can________understand what you’ve said.
A. nearly B. easily C. hardly D. exactly
(　　) 10. Zhang Yimou is not in China. He has gone ________. He is now in America.
A. away B. back C. abroad D. around
(　　) 11. Look, Mary looks sad. Let’s go and __________.
A. cheer up him B. cheer him up C. cheer up her D. cheer her up
(　　) 12. I want to have a rest. The radio is so noisy. Could you __________?
A. turn it down B. turn down it
C. turn them down D. turn down them

【形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则】
绝大多数形容词都有三级变化：原级、比较级和最高级，用以表示其说明的性质在程度上的不同。
一、规则变化表：
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er或-est
tall
short
taller
shorter
tallest
shortest
以e结尾的词加-r或-st
fine
late
finer
later
finest
latest
以重读闭音节结尾的词，双写末尾辅音字母，再加-er或-est
big
thin
bigger
thinner
biggest
thinnest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y 为i 再加-er或-est
easy
early
easier
earlier
easiest
earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在词前加more 或most
beautiful
interesting
more beautiful
more interesting
most beautiful
most interesting

二、不规则变化表：（好坏多少老远）,填写下表
原级
比较级
最高级
good, well


bad, badly, ill



many, much


little


old
older, elder
oldest, eldest
far
farther, further
farthest, furthest

【原级、比较级和最高级的用法】
一、原级的用法：
 表示A与B一样时：A + 动词 + as + 原级 + as B
例如：Joe is as tall as Tim. He runs as fast as his brother.
‚ 表示A不如 B时：A + 动词 + not + so (as) + 原级 + as B
例如：Joe is not so (as) tall as Tim. He doesn’t run so (as) fast as his brother.
ƒ 某些固定用法：as long as 只要，as soon as 一…就…
as + 原级 + as possible 尽可能……，as far as I know 据我所知

二、比较级的用法：
 表示A比B更加…时：A + 动词 + 比较级 + than B
例如：Joe is taller than Tim. He runs faster than his brother.
‚难点：比较对象所处范围的同一性对于比较对象修饰词的影响。
l 在同一范围中时：A is + 比较级 + than any other +单数可数名词 + 同一范围
=the other +复数可数名词
l 在不同范围中时：A is + 比较级 + than any + 单数可数名词 + 不同范围
例如： China is larger than any other country in Asia.
= China is larger than the other countries in Asia. = China is larger than any country in Africa.
ƒ“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”
例如：bigger and bigger more and more beautiful
„“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，就越……”
例如：The more you eat, the fatter you will become.
The more exercises you do, the better grades you will get.

三、最高级的用法
 三者或三者以上的最高级：A + 动词 + the + 最高级 + 比较范围
例如：Shanghai is the largest city in China.
She is the tallest among her three sisters.
This car is the most expensive one of the three.
‚ 表示“最……之一”时：one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数
例如：This is one of the most wonderful movies in the world.
He is one of the best teachers in our school.
ƒ 表示“第几个最……”时：the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词单数
例如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
„ 表示“某物是某人所经历过最……的”意思时：主语 + the + 高级 + sb. have ever done
例如：He is the most handsome guy I have ever seen.
This is the best place I have ever been to.
⑤ Which/ who is + the +最高级， A，B or C.
例如：Which is the most beautiful city, Beijing, Guangzhou or Shanghai?

注意：
 比较级前可以用“much, even, far, a little, a bit, a lot”,来修饰
例如：Why not get up a little earlier than yesterday?
You are much taller than me.
Learning is a lot more important than watching TV.
‚ 只有同类事物才能比较：The weather here is hotter than that of Beijing.
ƒ 比较级前在跟“of the two”结构时要用“the + 比较级”：He is the taller of the two.
„ 最高级前面有物主代词修饰时不用the：He is my best friend.
⑤ 副词最高级一般不加定冠词the. 如：Lin Tao runs fastest of all.

【能力强化】
( ) 1. Someone says “Time is money”. But I think time is _________ important than money.
A. less B. much C. even more D. much least
( ) 2. The actress is already 50 years old, but she looks _________than she really is.
A. young B. more young C. more younger D. much younger
( ) 3. It was very hot yesterday, but it is______ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot
( ) 4. The_________ you work at your lessons, the_______ results you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D harder; better
( ) 5. The_________friends you have, the_________you will be.
A. more; happy B. many; happy C. more; happier D. many; happier
( ) 6. John is not a good driver and he drives _________ than any other people.
A. the most careless B. more careless C. more carelessly D. most carelessly
( ) 8. When winter comes, days get______.
A. long and long B. short and short
C. longer and longer D. shorter and shorter
( ) 11. Tom is one of ______ boys in our class.
A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall
( ) 13. —Our women athletes achieved great success in the 2014 Asian Games.
—Yes. They perform________, I think.
A. better 　　　 B. the best C. worse 　 　 D. the worst
( ) 16. This box is______ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy as C. heavier as D. as heavy as
( ) 17. This book is______ that one, but______ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive

二、词汇和短语辨析
1. alone 和lonely

2. good和well

3. interesting和 interested

4. much too, too much和too many


6. too, also, either, as well

7. how often, how long, how soon, how far
(1) how long “多久，多长时间”，是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。例如：
— How long have you lived in Beijing? — For ten years.
(2) how soon 多快，多久以后，对一个短暂性动词提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用“in+ 一段时间”回答。
例如：
—How soon will your father come back? —He will come back in a week.
(3) How often“多久一次”，对频度提问，常用表示频率的词“once, twice, three times a week, often”等回答。
例如：
— How often do you play football? — Once a week.
(4) How far“多远”，对距离提问。例如：
— How far is it from here to your home? — Only 200 meters away.

【能力强化】
( ) 1. — __________ do you play computer games every week?
— About two hours.
A. How often B. How much C. How soon D. How long
( ) 2. — __________ can we board our plane?
— In twenty minutes.
A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How much
( ) 3. — Excuse me, sir.__________ is it to the nearest hotel?
— About 15 minutes’ walk along this road.
A. How much B. How soon C. How far D. How long
( ) 4. — Why are you so tired these days?
— Well, I have __________ work to do.
A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too
( ) 5. — Look! There is a big river. Let’s swim in it!
— No, I think it’s __________ dangerous.
A. much too B. too much C. too many D. much more
( ) 6. Every year a lot of tourists travel to Hainan, because it's __________ island.
A. so a beautiful B. so beautiful C. such a beautiful D. a such beautiful
(　 　) 10. It's twelve o' clock at night, but he is __________working.
A. already B. ever C. still D. yet
(　 　) 11. — Have you read today’s morning paper?
—Not __________. What’s the latest news about the hand-foot-mouth disease?
A. only B. yet C. ever D. just
(　 　) 14.—What was the weather like yesterday？
—It was terrible. It rained so __________ that people could __________ go out.
　　 A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hard; hard
(　 　) 15. — I haven’t seen Grace for a long time.
—I haven’t seen her, __________.
A. other B. too C. either D. neither

【中考模拟题】
二、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Daphne Kenny is a 7-year-old girl. One day, while she was shopping at the supermarket with her mon Danica, her eyes 31 by a note on the shelf. She picked it up and gave it to her mon. Danica thought it was someone’s shopping list. But she quickly realized 32 the note was just there for people to find. “Whoever finds this. I love you,” the note said with a $ 100 bill.
Danica was able 33 sure the bill was a real one because she once worked at a bank. “ 34 surprise to find it here! But to Daphne, a $100 bill is 35 same as a penny(美分) ” Danica said. “So I told her ‘You found 100 dollars and it was a lot of money’.” 36 first, Danica considered keeping it for herself. But finally she let her daughter keep the money and use it for what she wanted.
Daphne 37 the $100 bill to a toy Store. She bought two toy cats and named 38 both after her real cat.
“Daphne loves the two toy Cats very much and makes the bed carefully for them every night” Danica said. “I hope this experience will provide a much 39 lesson for Daphne. I hope it makes her think how her actions can influence other people 40 that even something small can make people happy.
3 1. A. caught B. are caught C. were caught D. will be caught
32. A. that B. which C. where D. whether
33. A. make B. made C. making D. to make
34. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
35. A. / B. the C. a D. an
36. A. At B. In C. For D. From
37. A. takes B. took C. will take D. has taken
38. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves
39. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
40. A. so B. but C. and D. though

四、阅读理解（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
Mrs. Li plans to visit the National Museum of China next Sunday with her son. She is looking for information on its official website

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF CHINA

Address: East side of Tiananmen Square, No.16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing
Opening hours: 9:00 am-5:00 pm
It closes on Monday except during public holidays like May Day or National Day.
Price: For free
Admission: All visitors must make an appointment (预约) in advance. Visitors with ID cards, student cards and other valid certificates (有效证件)can enter. Before entering, visitors must go though security checks and show the real-time Health Codes status. Children under 1.3m need to be accompanied (陪同) by their parents.
Getting here: No.1, No.2, No.52, No.82, No.120 buses; Subway Line 1
Note: In order to keep exhibition halls clean and protect the exhibits (展品), pets, drinks and food cannot be brought into the museum
For more information, please visit http://www.chnmuseum.cn
























( ) 51.The museum is usually open for __________hours
A.7 B. 8 C.8.5 D. 9
( ) 52.16-year-old Mary can enter the museum with_________ .
A. her student card B. her collection of stamps
C. her homework D. her library card
( ) 53What can’t we learn about the National Museum of China in the text?
A. Its address. B. Its opening time.
C. Its history and story. D. Its official website.
( ) 54. Which of the following is true?
A. Mrs. Li will visit the National Museum 0f China on Monday.
B. Visitors Can buy tickets online before visiting the museum.
C. A l:2-mcter-talI boy can enter the museum With his parents.
D. Visitors can take their pet dogs into the museum.
( ) 55. Who may be Interested in the text?
A. Pet lovers. B. Sports lovers. C. Book lovers. D. Travel lovers.
B
Ⅰ栏是五位学生的兴趣爱好，Ⅱ栏是七个科学小项目。请为每位学生选择最适合的项目。
Ⅰ
( )61. Mary finds that there are not many fireflies(萤火虫)around nowadays. She wants to know why.
( )62. Adam loves whales. But he hasn’t found out how whales communicate with each other.
( )63. Joe is interested in Mars, and he wants to know more about the red planet.
( )64. Edison loves different species of fish. He wants to learn more about fish in the ocean.
( )65. Jane enjoys watching clouds. She has taken a lot of photos of clouds in different shapes and size.
Ⅱ
A. The Whale Song Project
Have you ever heard whales singing beautiful songs? Do you want to know what they are singing? This project invites you to listen to whale calls and help scientists study how whales communicate with each other.
B. Age Guess
Age Guess is an online game where you guess the age of other people by looking at their pictures. In just a few minutes, you can help researchers with the study of human aging.
C. Digital Fishers
Are you one of those people who love fish? If you are, the project Digital Fishers is for you. It allows you to help scientists identify(确认)different species of fish simply by watching 15-second videos from your own computer.
D. The Royal Society Laughter Project
The project has put together a playlist of different laughs. Come and see if you can guess which one is real. The results will help researchers learn how people react to different sounds.
E. Be a Martian
Come to the science laboratory and help scientists learn about the red planet. You can help identify important features(特点) in images about Mars, ask questions and watch videos about Mars.
F. The Wonder of Fireflies
Most of us have magical memories of catching fireflies when we were children. But sadly, fireflies seem to be disappearing. Help scientists to understand why and keep the magic of future generations with this project from the Museum of Science in Boston.
G. NASA’ cool
Do you love watching clouds? If you do, you can help collect information about cloud types and the send your observations(观察) to NASA.

六、 读写综合（本大题分A、B两部分，共25分）
B．书面表达（本题15分）
假如你是王芳，你的英国网友Maria对中国古代故事很感兴趣，她希望你给她讲一个中国古代故事。请根据提示，给她写一封邮件。
内容包括
(1)说明你要分享的故事名字
(2)比较详细地讲述该故事的前因后果；
(3)询问她如何看待该故事。
作文要求
不能照抄原文；
作文连贯，词数80个左右（开关和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。

Dear Maria,
I am very glad to share a famous Chinese story with you. It is called
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

A、回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Sun Yang in the State of Qin. Whenever he saw a horse, he could tell if it was good or not at first sight. People called him Bo Le and often asked him to look at horses and help choose horses.
One day, Sun Yang noticed a horse pulling a heavy cart(马车). He came near, and saw that it was a horse that really could cover a thousand miles a day. Sun Yang thought it was a pity to let the good horse pull a cart. He was really sad about that.
To help more people ear how to look at horses, Sun Yang wrote a book called The Art of Looking at Horses and Judging Their Worth. He used lots of pictures of different horses in the book.
Sun Yang had a son who thought it was very easy to look at horses after reading the book. So he took the book with him to look for fine horses everywhere. At first he looked for good horses according to the pictures in the book, but found nothing. Then according to the characteristics (特征) said in the book, he found a toad (蟾蜍) fit very well. So he happily brought it home.
There is no doubt that a toad isn't a good horse. That is just what we call looking for a good horse with the help of its picture.
76. Why did people often ask Sun Yang to look at horses and help choose horses?
___________________________________________________________________
77. How did Sun Yang feel when he saw the good horse pulling a heavy cart?
___________________________________________________________________
78. What was Sun Yang’s purpose(目的) in writing the book?
___________________________________________________________________
79. What did Sun Yang’s son take to look for fine horses everywhere?
___________________________________________________________________
80. Why did Sun Yang’s son bring the toad home?
___________________________________________________________________