小升初英语总复习词类第四节代词课件

这是一份小升初英语总复习词类第四节代词课件，共36页。PPT课件主要包含了知识梳理，考点精析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、代词的分类　　代词是用来代替名词的一种词类，大多数代词具有名词或形容词的功能。英语中的代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词九类。对于前六类代词，小学生应较好地掌握。　　
二、人称代词　　1. 人称代词的构成
2. 人称代词的用法　(1)人称代词的主格:在句子中作主语，也就是该句所描述的状态的呈现者或动作的执行者。在陈述句中，它位于句子的最前面。　 如：I am in the classrm. She plays the vilin very well. They wrked in the factry last year. 　(2)人称代词it：在英语中，it有许多不同的用法，其中一种用法是用作代词，指代前面已经提到过的人、事或物。 如： —Where’s yur car?　 —It’s in the garage（车库）. —Wh is that? —It’s me. —What’s the weather like in winter in Beijing? —It’s snwy and cld.
(3)人称代词的宾格：在句子中作宾语，位于动词或介词之后，是动作的承受者。　　如：Mr Li teaches us English. The fish in the fridge is fr me. 　　(4)人称代词并列出现的排列顺序：当几个人称代词并列出现的时候，其排列顺序与中文的不同。　　①单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其顺序为：第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。　　如：Yu and I can cme int the hall nw. My brther and I are ging t the cinema this evening. Yu and Amy were there at that time. Yu, Mike and I rwed a bat n the lake last summer. The cake is fr yu and me.
②复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其顺序为：第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。　　如：We and yu are ging t plant trees in the nature park. Yu and they climbed the highest muntain tw years ag.
三、物主代词　　1. 物主代词的构成
2. 物主代词的用法　　(1)形容词性物主代词放在名词之前，用来修饰名词，这一点与形容词有相似之处，都不能单独使用。　　如：This is my rm. His cusin is in America nw.　　(2)名词性物主代词可以像名词一样单独使用，其作用相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。　　如：This rm is mine.(mine=my rm) His hbby is playing cmputer games. It’s the same as hers. (hers=her hbby)
四、反身代词　　1. 反身代词的构成
【注】反身代词的构成说明： 第一、二人称的单数形式在形容词性物主代词之后加self, 复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加selves；第三人称在宾格代词后加self（单数形式）或selves（复数形式）。
2. 反身代词的用法　　(1)反身代词常用来加强语气。　　如：The king went t see the girl himself. I can d it by myself. 　　(2)反身代词也可以用在动词之后。　　如： David teaches himself Chinese. She will be herself again in n time.
五、指示代词　　1. 指示代词的概念　　指示代词表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等含义。指示代词有this/that/these/thse等。this和that用于指代名词单数形式；these 和thse 用于指代名词复数形式。 this 和these用于指代空间上较近的事物；that 和 thse 用于指代空间上较远的事物。　　如：This is my bk. That bk ver there is yurs. These are dgs. Thse in the tree are cats.
2. 指示代词的用法　　(1)指示代词兼具形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的特点，既可以单独使用，也可以在后面加名词。　　　如：This is his cmputer. =This cmputer is his. Thse peaches are fresh. =Thse are fresh peaches. 　　(2)指示代词在句子中可以都用the 代替。　　如：I like this new picture. =I like the new picture.
六、不定代词　　1. 不定代词的概念　　不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，叫作不定代词。不定代词可以分为：　　(1)普通不定代词：sme(一些)，any(任何)， n(没有)，every(每个) ，each(每个)等。　　(2)数量不定代词：many(许多)，much(许多)， bth (两者都)， all (全都)， little(很少)， a little(一点儿)，few(很少)，a few(少数几个)等。
2. 不定代词的用法　　(1) sme, any 和 n 的用法辨析 　　sme 和 any 都有 “一些”的意思， sme 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句中, n 用于肯定句中表达否定的意思。　　如：There are sme girls in the rm. There aren’t any pandas in the muntain. There is n water in the bttle. 　　【注】在一些表示建议、请求的疑问句中，用sme 而不用 any。　　如：Wuld yu like sme cffee? Can I have sme mre rice?
(2)every和each的用法辨析 　　①every 和 each 都有“每个”的意思，谓语动词均用单数形式。every 强调整体之中的每一个；each 强调个体概念。　　如：Every student in the class gets a new bk. Each kid likes playing cmputer games. 　　②every表示“(三者以上中的)每一个”； each 可以表示“(两者中的)每一个”。　　如：I read English every day. There are green trees n each side f the river. 　　(3)many和much的用法辨析 　　many和much都有“大量；许多”的意思。many只能修饰可数名词复数形式，much只能修饰不可数名词。　　如：There are many peple in the rm. Much f the time was wasted.
(4)bth和all的用法辨析 　　bth表示“(两者)都”；all表示“(三者或三者以上)都”。　　如：My parents are bth teachers. All the students in Class One like English very much. 　　(5)few，a few，little，a little 的用法辨析　　①a few 和a little是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组，其意义是肯定的。a few修饰复数可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词。　　如：I have a few friends here. There is still a little water in the bttle. 　　②few和little具有否定的意义，意为“几乎没有”。few修饰复数可数名词，little修饰不可数名词。　　如：He has few friends and lives alne. There is little water in the bttle. Let’s g and get sme.
(6)ther, the ther, thers the thers, anther 的用法辨析　　①ther表示“另一个”，其后可接名词单数形式，也可接名词复数形式。　　如：Put the candy in yur ther hand. D yu have any ther questins?　　②表示“两者中的一个”用ne；表示“另一个”则用the ther。　　如：I have tw sisters. One is Sarah, the ther ne is Susan. 　　③表示不限定范围内的“其他的”用 thers。　　如：Sme g there by car. Others g n ft. Sme say yes, and thers say n.　　④“很多中的一个”用ne；表示“剩下的所有”用the thers。　　如：Jack is cleverer than the thers in his class.
【注】the thers = the ther+名词复数形式。　　如：Jack is cleverer than the ther students in his class.　　⑤anther指“另外一个”，强调在剩下的所有里面再拿一个，表示单数概念。　　如：I dn’t like this hat. Please shw me anther ne.七、疑问代词　　疑问代词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句，疑问代词一般放在疑问句的句首。疑问代词有：wh(谁，主格)，whm(谁，宾格)，whse(谁的)，what(什么)，which(哪个)等。　　(疑问代词部分的讲解将在后面的疑问句章节中作详细讲解，故在此章节中省略)
考点1 考查代词的词形转换【例1】按要求写单词。　　1. my(名词性物主代词)　　　　　　 　　 2. their(宾格形式)　　　　　　 　　解析：此类题考查对各类代词词形的记忆和转换。 答案：1. mine　2. them
举一反三1. 词形转换。(1)she (名词性物主代词) 　　　(2)she (复数形式) 　　(3)we (单数形式) 　　 (4)this (对应词) 　　2. 英汉互译。 (1)他的书包　　 (2)我的一个朋友 　(3)lk at him 　　 (4)its name　　
ne f my friend/a friend f mine
考点2 考查代词的运用【例2】 根据中文提示填空。　　Help 　　　　　　 (我)with my English. 　　解析：此题考查对人称代词的主格与宾格的运用。Help 是动词，在动词之后要用代词的宾格。 　　答案：me
【例3】单项填空。(　　)1. This is 　　　 crayn， 　　　 is ver there. A. my； yur　　 B. mine； yurs　 C. my； yurs(　　)2. There are 30 students in this class. 　　　 student has a cmputer. A. Each B. One C. Every(　　)3. Mst peple think 　　　 are the winners. A. urs B. us C. we
解析：第1小题考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的运用。第一空后有名词crayn, 应该用形容词性物主代词；第二空之后直接是be动词 is，应该用名词性物主代词。第2小题考查学生对不定代词的掌握情况。 30 students 是大于2的，在这个集体中的每一个，用的代词应该是every。第3小题还是考查学生对代词的运用。 在分析此题的时候，学生容易受到think是动词的影响而选择us，事实上，在此题中mst peple think 是一个主句，后面的句子是从句，因此选择主格代词作主语。　　答案：1. C　2. C　3. C
举一反三1. 单项填空。( )(1)Let's g and help 　　　. A. she　　　 B. her　　　　C. hers( )(2)This is Mr Green. We are 　　　 students. A. he's B. his C. he( )(3)I dn't have 　　　 questins. A. n B. sme C. any( )(4)—　　　 bike is it？ —It's his bike. A. What B. Which C. Whse
2.选择括号内适当的代词填空。 (1)He is 　　　 (I / my /me) father. (2)Pass 　　　 (me / I / my) a pen. (3)Can I use 　　　 (yu / yur / yurs) eraser? (4)Please help 　　　 (them / their / they) clean the classrm. (5)Are 　　　 (this / these) yur pens? (6)Be quiet. Please dn’t wake 　　　 (he / him / his) up. (7)This pencil is 　　　 (me / my / mine). (8)That yellw shirt is　　　 (she / her / hers). (9)Can yu tell　　　 (me / my / I) the way t the park? (10)Sarah des　　　 (she / her / hers)hmewrk every day.
考点3 考查代词的综合运用【例4】 按要求改写句子。　　Thse are their watches. (改成单数形式) 　　　　　解析：此题考查代词在语境中的综合运用。句子由单数形式改成复数形式的时候，要求将句子中所有能够改为复数的成分都改成复数形式，反之亦然。　　答案：That is her/his watch.
举一反三 1.在下面这段话中的横线上填写适当的代词，补全短文。　　 　 is a pht f my family.　 　 father is the man n the right. The wman with glasses is____　 　 　　 mther. 　 　 is an English teacher. The girl in red skirt is my sister. 　 　 name is Linda. Wh‘s the girl between my mther and Linda？ It’s 　 　， Lily. 2. 将下面的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 There is sme water in the glass. (1)否定句：　　 (2)一般疑问句：　
There isn't any water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass？
一、选择括号内的正确代词填空。 1. 　 　 (they / he) are my friends. 2.Lk at the tall building. 　 　 (he / it) is a bank. 3.This gift is fr 　 　 (yu / yur). 4.He is 　 　 (they / their) Chinese teacher. 5. 　 　 (he / his) is a pliceman. 　 　 (she / his) brther is a farmer. 6. 　 　 (me / my) pen is red,but (she / hers) is blue. 7.I want t invite 　 　 (them / they) t my birthday party.
8.—Whse pencil is that ?—It’s (mine / my). 9.Can yu help 　 　 (my / me)? 10.Wuld yu like t g with 　 　 (us / ur)?二、按要求写单词。 1. I (宾格) _______ 2. they (宾格) _______ 3. we (名词性物主代词) _______ 4. she (形容词性物主代词) _______ 5. him (主格) _______ 6. yu (主格) _______ 7. it (反身代词) _______ 8. us (反身代词) ___________ 9. that (复数形式) _______ 10. thse (反义词) _______
三、根据句意用适当的代词填空。 1. This is my brther._____ are twins. 2.Miss Green is ur teacher,we all like_____ very much. 3. Sarah has fur pens, but she desn’t use_______. 4.This is nt her bk. _______ is in my schlbag. 5.—What time des ______ sister have breakfast? —My sister has breakfast at 7:00. 6.—Where are my shes?I can’t find _______. 7.—_______ are yu ding? —I’m ding _____ hmewrk. 8.—________ T－shirt is that?—It’s mine. 9.I have a dg. _____ name is Gg. 10.She is a friend f ______. We gt t knw each ther tw years ag.
四、单项填空。 ( )1. She is a student, and name is Julia. A. his B. her C. hers ( )2. Culd yu help with English, please? A. I; my B. me; me C. me; my ( )3. A friend f came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him ( )4. pencil bx is beautiful. But is mre beautiful than . A. Tms; my; he B. Tm’s; mine; his C. Tm’s; mine; him ( )5. Mst f_____ like Chinese fd. A. they B. their C. Them
( )6. Dn’t yu let help yu? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me ( )7. I dn’t want this shirt. Please shw me . A. thers B. the thers C. anther ( )8. I have tw sisters. f them are dctrs. A. Bth B. All C. Either ( )9. There are tmates in the basket. A. a few B. a little C. little ( )10. — is Betty? — Tm’s sister. A. What B. Where C. Wh
( )11. ______ have been chsen. A. I, yu and he B. He, yu and I C. Yu, he and I ( )12. That’s nt ______. It is ______. I made it ______. A. yurs; mine; myself B. yur; mine; mysel C. yurs; her; myself ( )13. I can’t repair the mdel ship ______. Can yu help ______? A. me; myself B. myself; myself C. myself; me ( )14. We study Chinese, English, maths and sme ______ subjects. A. the ther B. ther C. anther ( )15. Betty and Jhn have cme back, but ______ students in the class aren’t here yet. A. the ther B. thers C. the thers
五、按要求改写下列句子。1. This is their classrm. (改为同义句)_____________________________________2. This is my bk, and that is his bk.(改为复数形式)_________________________________________________3. 我们的老师喜欢我们，我们也喜欢他。(汉译英)_________________________________________________4. 这是谁的书？（汉译英）_________________________________________________5. This red bttle is Mike’s.(就画线部分提问)_________________________________________________
This classrm is theirs.
These are ur bks, and thse are their bks.
Our teacher lves us, and we lve him, t.
Whse bk is this?
Whse is this red bttle?/Whse red bttle is this?
六、完形填空。 Lk at the girl! She is ______ gd friend. She is _______ English girl. _______ name is Susan. _____ twelve. My _______ is Julia. _______ a Chinese girl. I am eleven. Susan has a happy family. ______ father is a driver and her mther is a dctr. I have a happy family, t. There are three peple in ______ family. They are my father, my mther and ______. I lve my parents and ______ lve me, t. ( )1. A. I B. my C. mine ( )2. A. a B. an C. the ( )3. A. She B. She’s C. Her ( )4. A. She B. She’s C. Her ( )5. A. name B. bk C. friend