2022届高考英语时文阅读理解专项训练 8

这是一份2022届高考英语时文阅读理解专项训练 8，共12页。试卷主要包含了 B细节理解题， C细节理解题， D推理判断题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
★(一)时文摘要戈兰·马林科维奇（Goran Marinkovic）非常喜欢动物，他喂养了一百多只流浪动物。这位经验丰富的动物救援者认为自己见多识广，一只名叫斯梅斯滕（Smesten）小狗的出现让他改变了原先的想法。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    There’s a growing problem of stray (无主的) dogs and other homeless pets living on the streets of Kraljevo, Serbia. Goran Marinkovic cares deeply for animals and personally feeds over 100 stray dogs and cats using his own money. The experienced animal rescuer thought he had seen it all until he found a tiny puppy he named Smesten. “I save animals that are endangered, that live on the street. I take care of animals because I love them, I love animals equally everything, cats, dogs, others,” Goran said. “I feed abandoned animals on the street that are not getting food from humans and have no owners. Their numbers are constantly rising.” He was feeding a group of stray dogs one day when he saw Smesten lying in a pile of scattered trash. The puppy was gaunt (瘦削憔悴的) and sickly, and there was no mother in sight. Sadly, the little one had been using an abandoned shoe as a shelter from wind and rain. The animal lover’s heart broke when he saw the misery the puppy had bore. Goran started by feeding the baby, but he knew he couldn’t leave him to look after himself in his weakened condition. Instead, Goran picked him up and brought him home, only stopping at the vet’s office for medicine before starting to nurse the puppy back to health. Over the next eight months, Goran fed and cared for the little puppy until Smesten began to thrive. His fur became soft and clean, he was happy and well-adjusted. Not to mention, he absolutely loves Goran—his hero! Goran already has several dogs and cats at home and originally planned to give Smesten up for adoption once he was ready. As the pup grew bigger, however, Goran knew he wouldn’t be able to let him go. He officially adopted Smesten in November, and neither of them could be happier about the arrangement. Just look at Smesten now!1 . What can we learn about Goran Marinkovic?A   .  He works as a volunteer for a long time.B  .   He is an animal lover and rescuer.C  .   He has no experience in rescuing animals.D   .  He often treats animals as his friends.2 . How was it going with Smesten when he was found?A  .   He fed on trash every day.B  .   He had to live on the streets.C  .   He was in poor health.D   .  He was a newly-born baby.3 . What did Goran do before they arrived home?A.     He nursed the puppy back to health.B .    He got some medicine for Smesten.C  .   He lay in a pile of scattered trash.D .    He picked up an abandoned shoe.4 . What does the last paragraph imply?A   .  Smesten caused a lot of trouble for Goran.B   .  Smesten had to leave Goran for some reasons.C  .   Goran couldn’t afford to raise Smesten.D.     Goran went through legal adoption procedures. ★(二)时文摘要英国《镜报》报道，摄影师文森特·科内利森（Vincent Cornelissen）发现一只豆鹅倒飞在空中，它的身体翻转过来，脖子和头旋转180度以适应身体，文森特简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    photo of a bean goose flying upside down has sparked a heated debate as to why geese do this. Photographer Vincent Cornelissen said he’s received thousands of messages and comments from people around the world asking for information about the goose flying upside down. Cornelissen captured the photo near the Dutch town of Arnhem while snapping photos of three geese. “I saw that one of the three had trouble flying in a straight line. He was having a hard time which I thought was because of the wind. He seemed to be struggling, so I took some pictures of him,” he said. He didn’t think much more about it until he developed the pictures. “I immediately realized that I had captured something special, but at the same time, I was afraid that no one would believe me. The image looked like it was edited in Photoshop.” The bizarre flying behavior has many nicknames—including barrel rolling—but the official description is “whiffling”. “Whiffling is a term used in ornithology (鸟类学) to describe the behavior whereby a bird rapidly descends with a zigzagging (曲折的), side-slipping motion,” the Wikipedia description reads. “Sometimes to whiffle, a bird flies briefly with its body turned upside down but with its neck and head twisted 180 degrees around in a normal position. The aerodynamics (空气动力) that usually give a bird lift during flying are thereby inverted, and the bird briefly plummets toward the ground before this is quickly reversed and the bird adopts a normal flying orientation.” Lars Soerink, a wildlife photographer and conservation science communicator for Bird Protection Netherlands, said the photo might just reflect a goose that’s learning new tricks. “Once young geese have mastered flying, they start to see what is possible and how far they can go,” Soerink said. But he also said it could just as easily be that “they do it to show off to their peers. Like, look at me!”1 . What can we learn from the first paragraph?A  .   A goose lost control and flied upside down.B   .  Vincent Cornelissen caused a lot of matters online.C.     Cornelissen’s photo has aroused worldwide concern.D  .   Many bean geese inhabit in the Dutch town of Arnhem.2 . How did Cornelissen take such a special photo?A .    Specially.B  .   Accidentally.C   .  Carefully.D   .  Intentionally.3 . Which of the following is NOT true about “whiffling”?A    . It is also called “barrel rolling”.B  .   Aerodynamics will help during the process.C  .   It is a kind of flying behavior.D   .  Birds will fall off to the ground in the end.4 . According to Lars Soerink, we can know that _________.A  .   the goose has no flight experienceB  .   young geese usually play tricks on othersC  .   the goose loses its mind during the flightD  .   the goose is probably practising flying skills ★(三)时文摘要每天都有人要结婚，大多数时候，新人们花了那么多钱买的繁茂的插花在婚礼结束后就浪费了。埃莉诺·洛芙（Eleanor Love）希望能改变这种状况，同时确保花朵有更有意义的用途。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    Eleanor Love has always loved flowers. Before she started medical school at Virginia Commonwealth University, she took a job working in a flower shop. Not only did she learn more about caring for cut flowers, but she also realized that these blossoms have an mysterious ability to lift people’s spirits no matter how difficult their circumstances may be. Even better, they can actually boost people’s health! “Flowers have been shown to improve healing and rates of recovery from surgery,” Eleanor said. “They’ve been shown, of course, to improve people’s mental health and to lift people’s spirits.” She was in her fourth year of medical school when she first heard about a program on the West Coast that recycles wedding and funeral flowers to give to hospital patients. Inspired, she decided to start her own program at VCU Medical Center, which she called The Simple Sunflower. The Simple Sunflower works by asking couples ahead of time if they would like to donate their flowers. Most say yes, so Eleanor and her team of volunteers head over to collect the flowers and process them in a volunteer room at the hospital. Together, they take the best blooms and create floral arrangements(插花) that will last for several days. After putting them on a cart, they deliver them to patients at VCU Medical Center. Eleanor’s initiative began in 2019 and continues to this day, even though she has since graduated from medical school. There are now more than 200 volunteers working on The Simple Sunflower at VCU Medical Center, and they have brought more than 760 bouquets to grateful patients there. “Volunteers have been thrilled to be able to deliver to patients an unexpected gift that will brighten their day,” said Amanda Landes, the director of VCU Health Volunteer Services. “And people seem to enjoy the story of how The Simple Sunflower came to be and that it is making good use of something that otherwise would be discarded.”1 . Where did Eleanor Love know the function of flowers?A   .  In a flower shop.B    . In a psychology book.C  .   From patients’ feedback.D .    At Virginia Commonwealth University.2 . How did Eleanor start The Simple Sunflower?A  .   Her friends invited her into it in person.B  .   She got inspiration from the West Coast.C .    It was a practice project before graduation.D .    She followed VCU Medical Center’s advice.3 . Which of the following is the right order? ①The flowers went to the patients in hospital. ②They collect and process the recycled flowers. ③They arrange volunteers to deliver flowers. ④They contact with the newly married couple.A   .  ④③②①B   .  ②④③①C  .   ④②③①D.     ②③①④4 . What can we infer from the passage?A     The sales of flower shops are going down.B     Eleanor goes deep into the hearts of the patients.C     Many workers in hospital also become volunteers.D     The Simple Sunflower wins support among the public. ★(四)时文摘要有时我们需要的积极信息来自最意想不到的地方。阿肯色州一名5岁男孩被诊断出患有脑癌。在接受治疗期间，他和医院对面街道上的一群“神秘朋友”通过便笺艺术相互传递信息。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. 
  Meyer Mixdorf of Arkansas was diagnosed with brain cancer. Part of his treatment included spending over six long weeks at Children’s Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri, to receive a stem cell transplant (干细胞移植). There’s only so much for a 5-year-old to do in a small hospital room, so Meyer’s family began decorating his window with Post-it Note art to cheer him up. One day, a group of “mystery friends” across the street from the hospital noticed his masterpieces and decorated their own window in response. The neighboring artists turned out to be staff members at another hospital, Truman Medical Centers. Employee Johnna Schindlbeck said they were “just doing something fun.” “I was just kind of looking out the window and there was a little Post-it Note smiley face up there,” she said. “I thought it was cute and grabbed some notes and put up a little winking face.” “There are children over there, and I don’t know what they’re going through, and if I can make them smile a little bit, that’s all that mattered,” added Cheryl Grey, a fellow Truman Medical Centers employee. Meyer was delighted by their reply and got right to work making more sticky note art. Soon, they were exchanging murals (壁画) on their separate eighth-floor windows every single day. “Every morning he would hop out of bed. As soon as someone would switch them, he knew,” said Meyer’s mom, Liz Mixdorf. “Other patients on the floor enjoyed them as well.” Dozens of Post-it masterpieces later, Meyer finally finished his treatment and was ready to head home. After all those weeks of interaction, he put up a simple goodbye note for his mystery friends: “C-U later, thanks.” The employees across the street were able to meet little Meyer before he traveled home to Arkansas. Meyer’s family was thrilled to get to know the strangers who helped them through such a difficult time, and the feeling was mutual.1 . What does the underlined part refer to?A .    Some kind patients.B   .  Meyer’s family.C  .   A group of artists.D  .   Workers from another hospital.2 . What’s the purpose of Johnna Schindlbeck’s action?A  .   To kill the time.B  .   To have some fun.C   .  To cheer Meyer up.D   .  To express her concern.3 . What can we learn from Paragraph 5?A  .   Meyer couldn’t stop his desire to create note art.B   .  More patients also participated in the art creation.C  .   Exchanging murals represented their feelings.D .    Eighth-floor windows drew the attention of passers-by.4 . What happened to Meyer in the end?A .    He left the notes to the future patients.B  .   He conquered the disease due to the note art.C .    He met with the neighboring artists with joy.D  .   He didn’t have time to say goodbye and went home. ★(五)时文摘要1985年，俄罗斯一艘名为“莫斯科号”的破冰船通过演奏古典音乐，带领数千头被困的白鲸返回公海，引起了国际社会的关注。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.  
  In late December 1984, a herd of up to 3,000 beluga whales (白鲸) was discovered in the ice-covered waters off the Chukchi Peninsula. The whales were struggling for breathing room in small pools of open water. The white whales had evidently chased a large group of cod (鳕鱼) into the Senyavin Strait. An easterly wind kicked up and jammed the narrow strait with drift ice, leaving only small pools of open water for the white whales to surface for breathing. Finally the decision was made to summon(召唤) the Moskva (莫斯科号). Moskva raced against time and dropping temperatures to reach the whales before they ran out of breathing pools or starved to death. Upon arrival, the ice was so thick that the captain called the mission off. However, after dozens of whales started to die, Moskva loaded on a full tank of fuel and plunged into the ice. After a couple of days, Moskva finally reached the whales, but a new problem emerged. They had to figure out how to get the beluga whales to follow the ship before the ice closed up behind her. One person on the vessel recalled that marine mammals react to music. “Nobody could tell the captain how, in effect, to perform the most responsible stage of the operation—in what language, so to speak, to talk to the polar dolphins,” wrote the Government newspaper Izvestia. “This operation was truly experimental”. And so music began to pour off the top deck. They played all types of music at first. However, when the crew began playing classical music through the ship’s loudspeakers, the whales started to follow Moskva. “They began coming up to the ship themselves,” Izvestia reported. “They hemmed it about from all sides. They were happy as children, jumping, spreading out all over the ice field.” By the end of February 1985, it was estimated that about 2,000 whales escaped. The rescue mission was called “Operation Beluga” and cost the Soviet government about $80,000.1 . What made beluga whales be in trouble?A   .  The attraction of cod.B    . The loss of their directions.C    . The sudden change of weather.D  .   The activity of hunting.2 . What can we know about the Moskva?A    . It is a scientific research ship.B    . It was well prepared before departure.C  .   It takes on the responsibility of protecting beluga whales.D   .  It finally completed the rescue mission of beluga whales.3 . What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 refer to?A  .   How to choose the right type of music.B  .   How to get the whales to follow the ship.C .    There are a lot of potential risks.D .    The misunderstanding of communication.4 . What can we infer from the passage?A.     It was the first rescue operation for the Moskva.B.     The rescuers knew the habits of beluga whales well.C   .  Classical music had a major impact on rescuing beluga whales.D .    Beluga whales could be free of the survival crisis by themselves.            【答案解析】★(一) 1. B细节理解题。根据第一段The experienced animal rescuer thought he had seen it all until he found a tiny puppy he named Smesten.以及第二段I take care of animals because I love them可知，戈兰·马林科维奇是一个动物爱好者和救援者。故选B。2. C细节理解题。根据第三段The puppy was gaunt and sickly以及第四段...but he knew he couldn’t leave him to look after himself in his weakened condition.可知，当那只小狗被找到的时候，它瘦弱多病。故选C。3. B细节理解题。根据第四段Instead, Goran picked him up and brought him home, only stopping at the vet’s office for medicine before starting to nurse the puppy back to health.可知，戈兰把它抱回家，只是在兽医办公室停了一下，取了药。故选B。4. D推理判断题。根据最后一段He officially adopted Smesten in November, and neither of them could be happier about the arrangement.可知，戈兰在11月正式收养了斯梅斯滕。推断戈兰办理了合法的收养手续。故选D。 ★(二) 1. C推理判断题。根据第一段可知，摄影师文森特·科内利森（Vincent Cornelissen）表示，他收到来自世界各地的数千条信息和评论，询问有关这只倒飞的豆鹅的信息。由此推断他的摄影作品引发了全世界的关注。故选C。2. B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，文森特当天看到三只豆鹅中有一只在直线飞行时有困难。那只豆鹅似乎在挣扎，所以他拍了一些照片，当时并没有多想。推断他是在不经意间拍到这张特殊照片的，故选B。3. D细节理解题。根据第三段可知，whiffling是鸟类学的术语，用来描述鸟类一种特有的飞行技巧。在正常飞行的时候，它们突然把身体倒转过来，但头和脖子180度旋转，这种姿势改变了空气动力，使得它们短暂高速向地面坠落，然后它们马上把姿势转过来恢复正常。故选D。4. D推理判断题。根据最后一段Once young geese have mastered flying, they start to see what is possible and how far they can go可知，一旦小豆鹅掌握了飞行技能，它们就会开始探索什么是可能的以及它们能飞多远。推断那一只豆鹅当时可能在练习飞行技巧。故选D。 ★(三)1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，埃莉诺在一家花店打过工。她不仅学到更多关于切花的打理知识，而且意识到无论人们身处的环境有多么艰难，这些花都有着不可思议的振奋精神的能力。故选A。2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，她在医学院读四年级时，第一次听说有一个“西海岸”项目，回收婚礼和葬礼用过的花，送给医院病人。受此鼓舞，她决定在VCU医疗中心开始自己的项目，她称之为“简单向日葵”。故选B。3. C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，他们会提前询问新婚夫妇是否愿意捐献他们的婚礼鲜花。埃莉诺和她的志愿者团队前往收集鲜花并在医院的志愿者室处理它们。他们一起连续几天用最好的花朵进行插花创作。然后，用推车将成品送到VCU医疗中心的病人那里。故选C。4. D 推理判断题。根据第四段There are now more than 200 volunteers working on The Simple Sunflower at VCU Medical Center及最后一段Volunteers have been thrilled to be able to deliver to patients an unexpected gift that will brighten their day可知，目前，在VCU医疗中心，有200多名志愿者，他们为能够向患者提供一份意外的礼物，让他们的日子更加美好而感到非常兴奋，由此说明“简单向日葵”项目赢得了公众的支持。故选D。 ★(四)1. D词意指代题。根据第三段The neighboring artists turned out to be staff members at another hospital, Truman Medical Centers.可知，附近的艺术家原来是另一家医院（杜鲁门医疗中心）的工作人员。故选D。2. B细节理解题。根据第三段Employee Johnna Schindlbeck said they were “just doing something fun.”可知，员工Johnna Schindlbeck表示，他们只是在做一些有趣的事情。故选B。3. A推理判断题。根据第五段可知，迈耶对对面的回应感到很高兴，并马上开始制作更多的便签艺术。很快，他们每天都在八楼的窗户上交换壁画。由此说明迈耶无法阻止自己创作便签艺术的欲望。故选A。4. C细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，街对面的医务人员在小迈耶返回阿肯色州之前见了他。迈耶全家很高兴能认识那些帮助他们度过艰难时期的陌生人。故选C。 ★(五)1. C推理判断题。根据第一段An easterly wind kicked up and jammed the narrow strait with drift ice, leaving only small pools of open water for the white whales to surface for breathing.可知，一阵东风吹来，浮冰堵塞了狭窄的海峡，只留下一小片开阔的水面，供白鲸浮出水面呼吸。由此推断天气的突变使得白鲸陷入困境，故选C。2. D细节理解题。根据最后一段By the end of February 1985, it was estimated that about 2,000 whales escaped.可知，到1985年2月底，约有2000头白鲸逃脱。即“莫斯科号”最终圆满完成“白鲸行动”。故选D。3. B词意指代题。根据下文They had to figure out how to get the beluga whales to follow the ship before the ice closed up behind her.可知，他们得想办法让白鲸跟着船游，故选B。4. C推理判断题。根据全文可知，船员在甲板上播放各种音乐，白鲸对此毫无反应。但当他们播放古典音乐时，白鲸开始跟着“莫斯科号”。由此推断古典音乐对营救白鲸有很大影响，故选C。