人教版九年级初中英语语法复习一轮课件---名词（共25张PPT）

这是一份人教版九年级初中英语语法复习一轮课件---名词（共25张PPT），共25页。PPT课件主要包含了名词的定义和分类，birds，ladies，oranges，rulers，cats，boys，girls，cases，wives等内容，欢迎下载使用。
名词表示人、事物、地点的名称或者抽象概念的词。名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类。
名词的种类
个体名词 nurse, huse, hrse, apple, pen
集体名词 peple, family, class, trusers
物质名词： water, paper, air, milk
抽象名词： wrk, husewrk, hmewrk, infrmatin, news, weather
专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。如：Ya Ming, China, March, New Year’s Day等。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，为不可数名词。 不可数名词前不能加冠词a 或an来表示量， 也没有复数形式。
名词的单数形式 一般可用a来修饰 a car a bk a university在元音发音开头的单词前用 an an elephant an apple an eraser an hur an hnest by an interesting bk.请注意：a useful thing an unusual thing
名词的复数形式 1.复数形式的构成方法 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s” dg – dgs (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es” bxes watches buses brushes
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” cuntry – cuntries factry – factries 如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” by – bys mnkey – mnkeys
(4)以结尾的名词加“s” radi – radis z – zs 只有 ptat, tmat和her 加“es”构成复数 ptat – ptates tmat – tmates (5)以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” half – halves shelf – shelves knife – knives leaf – leaves
(6)可数名词的不规则变化。如：man→men wman→wmen tth→teeth ft→feet child→children Frenchman→Frenchmen
(1) 小马虎弹着钢琴 (pian) 听着收音机(radi), 又到动物园 (z) 照了张相(pht), 但考试得了个大鸡蛋 (零分zer), 一律加 s。(2) 黑人 (Negr) 英雄 (her) 爱吃土豆(ptat) 西红柿 (tmat), 全部加 es。
(7)单复数形式相同的名词：如：sheep→sheep fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese Japanese→Japanese (8)有些名词无单数形式。如：peple(作“人们”解时) plice clthes.(9)pants, shrts, glasses (眼镜)只用复数形式。
(10)由man, wman 构成的合成名词，变复数时将名词及man, wman都变成复数。如：man driver→men drivers wman teacher→wmen teachers但其他合成名词，只要把合成名词中的中心词变为复数形式。如：a banana tree→banana trees a she factry→she factries
不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词 如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。另外还有：
wrk time musicmney weather hmewrkwd Infrmatinnewsmedicineadvice
1.不可数名词无复数形式，作主语时常看成单数 盘子里有一些面包。 There is sme bread n the plate. 没有消息就是好消息。 N news is gd news. 2.常用hw much, much, a little, little, a lt f, sme, any等来修饰不可数名词 他每天花很多时间玩电脑游戏。 He spends much time in playing cmputer games every day. 迈克在家几乎不做家务。 Mike des little husewrk at hme.
3.常用a piece f, a cup f, a glass f,a bttle f等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在f 前面的名词上，而 f 后始终是单数(学案)There is a piece f paper in the bk.We want three glasses f range.
注意：可数名词也可用量来表示， f后用复数There are tw bags f eggs in the basket.
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 (1) glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸) – a paper(报纸) wrk(工作) – a wrk(著作) rm(空间) – a rm(房间)
(2) fruit(水果) – fruits (各种水果) fish(鱼) – fishes(各种鱼) time(时间) – times(时代)
名词的一般用法---名词做定语1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 I planted tw apple trees wman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致 This primary schl needs a man teacher. There are ver eighty wmen teachers in ur schl.
昨天我种了两棵苹果树。
这间小学需要一位男老师。
在我们学校有八十多位女教师。
3. 当数词与单位名词一起做定语时， 单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接Mr. Wang has an eleven-year-ld sn.
王先生有一人11岁大的儿子。
名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。这附近她的家是一个大家庭。Her family（家庭 ）is a large ne in ur neighbrhd.安的家人都是老师。Ann’s family（家庭成员）are all teachers.桌上有一副眼镜There is a pair f glasses n the desk.
bird-- lady—range-- ruler-- cat-- by-- girl—case-- wife-- watch—tree-- key-- questin—friend— pht-- card--family-- dictinary—
dictinaries
(1)—Hw many ____ d yu want? —A kil, please. A. bananas B. meat C. bread　　 D. milk(2)—Taking a walk in the evening is a gd ____. —S it is, it keep us healthy. A. rule　　 B. hbby C. habit　　 D. favr(3)These peple are frm _______. They are _______. A. Germany; Germen　　 B. German; Germany　 C. Germany; Germanies　　D. Germany; Germans(4)Wuld yu pass me ______? I want t write a letter. A. a paper　　　　 B. a piece f paper C. tw paper　　　　 D. tw piece f paper
Chse the best answers.
(5) ________ mthers bth wrk in this hspital. A. Jim and Bill's　　　B. Jim's and Bill's C. Jim and Bill　　　 D. Jim's and Bill(6) In China, September 10th is ________. A. Teacher's Day 　　B. Teachers Day C. Teacher Day 　　 D. Teachers’ Day(7) Excuse me, where is the________？ A. men‘s restrm 　 B. mens' restrm C. men‘s restrms 　 D. men restrms(8) The pst ffice is a little far frm here. It's abut_____. A. thirty minutes's walk B. thirty minute's walk C. thirty minutes' walk D. thirty minutes walk(9) Miss Yan is a friend f______. A.mine 　　 B. her C. them 　 D. me
( ) 1. Please give me ______ paper.  A. ne B. a piece C. a D. a piece f ( ) 2. This table is made f_______. A. many glass B. sme glasses C. glasses D. glass ( ) 3.Bill runs fast. He wn the  _____ 800-metre race yesterday. A．bys B．bys’ C．by D．by‘s . ( ) 4. Sme ____ came t ur schl fr a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 5. In the picture there are many___ and tw_______.  A. sheeps; fxes B. sheeps; fxes C. sheep; fxes D. sheep;fxs
( ) 6. This is nt my cap, but my _______. A. brthers B. brther’s C. brthers’ D. brther ( )7.They write mst f their_______ in English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters
( ) 8. _____are____fr cutting things. A. Knife, used B. Knives, using C. Knife, using D. Knives, used (　 ) 9. Jhn bught_____fr himself yesterday. A. tw pairs f shes B. tw pair f she  C. tw pair f shes D. tw pairs shes( ) 10.Excuse me, where is the______? A. men's rm B. mens' rm C. men's rms D. men rms 
( )1 I fund ____ gd news in ____ newspaper. A. a, a B.a piece f , a piece f C.a, a piece f D. a piece f , a( )2 What ____ it is tday! A. a fine weather B. fine weather C. fine a weather D. the fine weather( )3 T their _____ , they have all passed the exam. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprises D. surprised
( )4 Lucy is ____ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s( )5 Please make ____ fr him. He is very tired. A. any rm B. any rm C. sme rms D. sme rm( )6 The mdel plane was made by a ____ by. A. ten-years-ld B. ten-year-lder C. ten-year-ld D. ten-year ld