北京市延庆区2021届高考一模英语试题

延庆区2020—2021学年度高三模拟试卷

高三英语

本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

“I Got Him!”

It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas, and cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the school’s floats(花车). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old enthusiastically ___1___ at the crowd, all the while soaking in the music, laughter, and applause.

All of a sudden, a horrible ___2___ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk gasping for air, his mother ___3___ for help in panic. The boy had been sucking on a piece of candy when it ___4___ down the back of his mouth, lodging in his throat and blocking his windpipe.

“There was no coughing；there was no ___5___ ,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help.

Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a surgeon, she had learned the Heimlich maneuver（海姆利克氏急救法）. Knowing that every second ___6___, she leaped off the moving float and ran to the child.

By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as she ___7___ the boy from her. Winters positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps.

Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of ___8___, gasped, and began breathing again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind.

It all happened so ___9___, Nicole never had time to thank the teen. Winters’ heroic actions left Nicole _____10_____. “I don’t really have any words,” she said, “‘thank you’ doesn’t seem good enough.”

1. A. laughed B. waved C. shouted D. stared

2. A. noise B. ring C. whistle D. scream

3. A. begging B. applying C. waiting D. preparing

4. A. ran B. slid C. fell D. jumped

5 A. gasping B. crying C. breathing D. speaking

6. A. faded B. continued C. approached D. counted

7. A. grabbed B. moved C. drew D. separated

8. A. nut B. blood C. candy D. biscuit

9. A. quickly B. quietly C. gradually D. obviously

10. A. hopeless B. speechless C. helpless D. emotionless

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Did you ever run off and forget your drink? That's ___11___ happened to 11-year old Frank Epperson in 1905. He'd been mixing drink mix with a stick, and ___12___ (leave) the cup and stick out on the porch all night. And it got cold. In the morning, Frank found a ___13___ (freeze) block of sweet drink- with a handy stick to hold it. He thought that was pretty cool so he made more. Soon, everyone enjoyed his ice pops. At first Frank called them Epsicles, but later they got a different name—popsicles.

B

阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The robotic lunar mission ended ____14____ (successful) early on December 18th. Chang’e 5’s reentry capsule, ____15____ (carry) rocks and soils from the moon, landed on the grassland in northern China. It is reported that Chang’e 5 mission is China’s most complicated and challenging space adventure, which ____16____ (make) China the third nation in the world to bring back lunar samples—right after the U.S. and the former Soviet Union. The mission’s results will contribute to deepening mankinds’ understanding of the origin of the moon and ____17____ (develop) of the solar system.

C

阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Pixar is one of  the world’s most famous and successful film ____18____ (studio). Its latest animated film, Soul, ____19____ (release) last November. Soul tells the story of Joe Gardner, an aspiring jazz musician living in New York. One day, after an accident, Gardner ends up in the Great Before—a place ____20____ souls must “find their spark” before entering a human body. When Gardner is given the job of mentoring a soul called 22, he tries to find his way back to Earth.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The simplest smartphone ever

The Jitterbug® Smart2 from GreatCall® is the simplest phone with a simple menu, large screen and particular health and safety services.

Easy Everything you want to do, from texting and taking pictures, to emailing and getting directions, is organized in a single list on one screen with large legible letters. Plus, voice typing makes writing emails and texts effortless.

Smart Turn your Jitterbug Smart2 into a personal safety device with GreatCall’s 55tar® Urgent Response Service and particular health apps.

Affordable GreatCall has a variety of plans with data starting as low as $17.48 per month. Compared to other cell phone companies, you could save over $300 per year.

Why the Jitterbug Smart2 is your best choice for a new smartphone:

25% off of $149.99 MSRP is only valid(有效的) for new lines of service. Offer valid 11/12/2020 through 1/2/2021. Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change. Plans and services may require purchase of a GreatCall device and a one-time setup fee of $35. $300 savings calculation based on market leaders’ lowest available monthly published fees. JITTERBUG are trademarks of Best Buy and its attached companies. © 2020 Best Buy. All rights reserved.

21. What makes writing emails and texts easy according to the passage?

A. The simple menu. B. The large screen.

C. The single list. D. The speech input.

22. When can you get the discount when buying Jitterbug Smart2?

A. November 11st, 2020. B. January 10th, 2020.

C. January 1st, 2021. D. February 10th, 2021.

23. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To advertise a smartphone. B. To recommend health apps.

C. To introduce a safety device. D. To compare wireless networks.

B

My first year living in Los Angeles, I was a birthday-party clown. I struggled a lot with my identity because, though I viewed myself as a filmmaker, everyone in my life viewed me as this ridiculous day job.

Once I was told, “Tomorrow you’re going to be Batman.” Now, keep in mind that at the time I had a giant mustache. I know a clown with a mustache is a huge red flag for parents. But I hadn’t wanted to alter my physical appearance for that job, because that would have been me subconsciously admitting I was more of a clown than an artist.

The next day, I went to the party in a huge public park, and I left my car parked far enough away so that the kids couldn’t see Batman pulling up in a PT Cruiser. Walking to the party, I started to regret my choice not to shave. “Gosh, this party is not going to go well.” Sure enough, once I got close enough for them to actually start making out the features of my face, the entire party broke out in laughter. I was so embarrassed that I wanted to turn around and run back to my Batmobile. But then the laughter kind of changed into cheering and applause. Feeling kind of warm and fuzzy inside, I wondered, “Is this what encouragement and support feel like? It’s so new.”

Then I decided to make an entrance for these kids. I was still about 20 yards away from the party when I started running. My cape was billowing in the wind, and mustache or not, in that moment, I was Batman. I ran into the party, and the kids were all high-fiving me. The dad was saying, “I told you, son. I told you Batman has a mustache.” Then he took me over to this huge birthday cake with a frosting Batman drawn on it, and the Batman has a mustache. I just stared at it in disbelief and learnt that instead of just admitting that the cake was messed up, the parents said, “Batman has a mustache. He just shaves it for his movies.”

That year, I struggled a lot with my identity; was I a filmmaker, or was I a clown? But that day, at least, there was no doubt in my mind what I was. I may not have been the hero that they ordered, and I certainly was not the hero they expected. But that day, I was the hero that they needed.

24. Why did “I” keep my mustache?

A. I struggled a lot for being a filmmaker.

B. I wanted to be a Batman in a birthday party.

C. I knew that a clown should wear a mustache.

D. I hadn’t wanted to change my appearance for the job.

25. How did “I” enter the party?

A. I ran fast. B. I high-fived.

C. I drove the car. D. I walked slowly.

26. How did “I” feel at the end of the party?

A. Satisfied. B. Astonished.

C. Disappointed. D. Ashamed.

C

While many people aren’t getting enough calcium, new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: They could be getting too much. Americans spend more than

$1 billion a year on calcium supplements in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, the brittle bone disease that cripples many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D, saying there wasn't enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.

For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all? Are the supplements unsafe? And how much is too much? “It's gotten very confusing but it doesn't need to be,” says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18.”

People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70, although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.

Getting adequate calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.

But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.

Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles cardiologists. “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries,” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems.

Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn't benefit bones, “so it’s not worth any risk.” She adds.

27. According to the new studies, taking much calcium might ________.

A. delay aging B. build muscles

C. cause heart problems D. cure bone diseases

28. What is Ethel Siris’ opinion on taking calcium supplements?

A. Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.

B. Adults need more calcium than children.

C. Age and gender determine taking calcium.

D. It is much safer to take calcium from food.

29. What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean?

A. Interest B. Puzzle

C. Amaze D. Frighten

30. What can we learn from the passage?

A. It is helpful to take two calcium supplements a day.

B. It is important to maintain strong bones for women.

C. It is unnecessary to take too much calcium supplement.

D. It is best to take calcium and vitamin D from supplement.

D

Neurotech—new, potentially revolutionary technology—promises to transform our lives. With all the global challenges of today, we need revolutionary technology to help the world cope.

There are different types of neurotech—some is invasive, some isn’t. Invasive brain-computer interfaces involve placing microelectrodes or other kinds of neurotech materials directly onto the brain or even embedding them into the neural tissue. Such technology has already improved the quality of life and abilities of people with different illnesses or impairments, from epilepsy to Parkinson’s Disease to chronic pain. There is also noninvasive neurotech that can be used for similar applications. For example, researchers have developed wearables to infer a person’s intended speech or movement. These are already quite impressive, but there is also neurotech that really pushes the envelope. Not only can it sense or read neurodata but it can also modulate—invasively and noninvasively. This research is still in early stages, but it’s advancing rapidly.

As neurotech becomes more commonplace, we must consider the risks it might present, the morals around it, and the necessary regulation. We have to anticipate and deal with the implications related to the development and use of this technology. Any neurotech applications should consider potential consequences for the autonomy, privacy, responsibility, consent, integrity and dignity of a person.

What if someone were to face employment discrimination because the algorithms（算法） that power a neurotech application used for hiring misinterpret his or her neurodata? What if a criminal gets a hold of the previous or current neurodata of the secretary of defense and steals top secret information? Concerns increase when we are not just monitoring someone’s neurodata but also interpreting it, decoding the person’s thoughts—with implications for accuracy and mental privacy.

One tricky aspect is that most of the neurodata generated by the nervous systems is unconscious. It means it is very possible to unknowingly or unintentionally provide neurotech with information that one otherwise wouldn’t. So, in some applications of neurotech, the presumption of privacy within one’s own mind may simply no longer be a certainty.

As new, emerging technology, neurotech challenges corporations, researchers and individuals to reaffirm our commitment to responsible innovation, it’s essential to enforce guardrails so that they lead to beneficial long-term outcomes—on company, national and international levels. We need to ensure that researchers and manufacturers of neurotech as well as policymakers and consumers approach it responsibly. Let’s act now to avoid any future risks as neurotech matures—for the benefit of humanity.

31. The first two paragraphs mainly ________.

A. state the quality of neurotech B. stress the necessity of neurotech

C. compare the functions of neurotech D. present the technology of neurotech

32. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Noninvasive neurotech is much better than invasive one.

B. Messages within one’s mind can be safer with neurotech.

C. It brings more risks to privacy to have neurodata anyalyzed.

D Proper rules have already been made to deal with neurodata.

33. According to the passage, companies, policy makers and consumers should ________.

A. interpret all neurodata to improve accuracy

B. use neurotechnology in a responsible way

C. help develop more noninvasive applications

D. avoid neurotech for the benefit of mankind

34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Neurotech Has Long-term Benefits

B. Neurotech Meet Moral Challenges

C. Neurotech Transform Human lives

D. Neurotech Become Commonplace

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Can you move 11 minutes a day? You’ll live longer if you do

There is no denying that 2020 has reduced activity levels. Between the Zoom meetings, Netflix binges and virtual cocktail hours, increased sitting is a pandemic-driven reality for many.____35____ But there is good news! Despite all that sedentary time, with as little as 11 minutes of movement a day, you can increase your life span, a recent study has found.____36____ It's true; past studies, including a popular study from 2016, had originally put the daily exercise target at 60 to 75 minutes for mortality benefits. However, that study was based on self-reported data, which this latest study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, found to be flawed due to people misremembering their actual activity levels.

Taking a more objective approach, scientists at the Norwegian School of Sports Medicine based their research on the use of activity monitors to track exercise versus sedentary time. The results showed that participants who exercised 35 minutes per day saw the biggest statistical difference on life span. Yet just 11 minutes of moderate exercise — equivalent to a brisk walk — still had a noticeable positive impact. ____37____

Here is a way to consider—4 sets of a 3-minute body-weight exercise sequence. Depending on the exercises you use, you may go at a slightly different pace during each round, making it about 11 minutes. When selecting your exercises, try to pick a sequence of movements that will equate to a full-body workout of moderate effort. ____38____ Ideally, do a combo, determining the number of repetitions for each exercise based on your fitness level and maintaining a three-minute sequence for the time frame.

See how easy it is to fit in 11 minutes of daily exercise? You can do it. ____39____ Although no one can give you a do-over of 2020, you can make up for lost time by adding a little more to your life span.

A. In fact you owe it to yourself after getting through this past year.

B. And studies have revealed the great health risks of prolonged sitting.

C. The simplest way is with a walk outside or on the treadmill at your local gym.

D. A lower barrier makes it easier to get even the most inactive among us moving.

E. You might wonder about the hour-per-day measurement you've been hearing about for years.

F. What's more, both time frames were positively impactful, regardless of the amount of sitting.

G. Avoid doing only upper-body movements unless you do lower-body movements the next day.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分， 共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

Two-drink limit at Wetherspoon’s for parents of rowdy children

The pub chain JD Wetherspoon has insisted families are welcome but on the premises despite advising staff to make them agree a limit of two alcoholic drinks per person for parents with children in town.

The two-drink limit came to light after a member of staff at a Wetherspoon’s pub in Gravesend, Kent, put up a poster detailing its policy.

“As part of our licensing it is our responsibility to ensure that we are protecting children from harm,” read the poster at The Robert Pocock pub.

“Therefore adults in charge of children will be allowed to have one alcoholic drink and a further alcoholic drink with a sit-down meal.”

It is a crime for anybody in charge of a child under the age of seven to be drunk in a public place under the 1902 Licensing Act. A person convicted of this offence can be subject to a fine or up to one month in prison.

“It’s been around eight or 10 years.... It’s a guideline, not a policy,” said Eddie Gershon.

But while the poster stressed the need to “protect children from harm”，Mr Gershon suggested the rule had been adopted to “prevent unruly behavior” among young guests. Asked whether children were welcome in Wetherspoon’s pubs, Mr Gershon replied，“Yes, we’d be a fool to say otherwise. We have a kids’ menu, coloured pencils for kids—children in pubs is a massive part of what Wetherspoon’s does.”

However, he warned that parents believed to be “using the pub as a nursery might be asked to leave. Mr Gershon added that “it is just good manners” for parents to stop their children from misbehaving and being unruly in public places.

On its website the pub operator states: “Families are welcome to dine in the majority of our pubs; however, permitted hours for customers aged under 18 years may vary from pub to pub.”

It adds: “Some of our pubs may request that all members of a party with an under-18 present order a main meal, if alcoholic is ordered.”

40 Who does the Two-drink policy apply to?

41. What is the result of disobeying the 1902 Licensing Act?

42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why？

To protect children and those under 18 years, the pub chain JD limits the drinks but is open to those customers at any time.

43. In daily life, how do your parents keep you away from alcohol and why? (about 40 words)

第二节 应用文写作（20分）

44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。 为迎接北京2022年冬奥会，你们学校下个月将要举办“迎冬奥 做贡献”主题活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：

1.活动目的；

2.具体安排；

3.发出邀请。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua