初中英语语法-形容词与副词(最新最简易版30张)课件PPT
展开用以修饰名词或代词,表示事物或人的性质和特征的词。
I have a lvely sister.It is sunny tday.This river is lng.We are glad t knw yu.He made us happy.Is there anything new in tday’s newspaper?She is a gd student.
1. 形容词+名词 1)多么精彩的比赛! What a ______________________! 2)我正和几个老朋友在聊天。 I am chatting with sme ______________________. 3)她是我最喜欢的老师。 She is my _______________________.
2. (以-ing结尾的)不定代词+形容词, 作后置定语 1)我的手表出了点故障。 There is _______________________ with my watch. 2)你有什么有趣的事情告诉我们吗? D yu have ________________________t tell us?
wnderful game
favrite teacher
smething wrng
anything interesting
3. 放在be动词,lk, sund, feel等感观动词后, 作表语。 1)这剖电影很有趣。 This mvie is _____________________. 2)那个婴儿睡着了。 That baby is __________________. 3)他们今天看起来很高兴。 They lk_______________ tday. 4)听到这个消息后,我感到很伤心。 When I heard the news, I felt ______________.
4.数词+形容词,表示长、宽、高、深以及年龄。 1)这座桥长达100米。 This bridge is _______________________________. 2)这座楼有十三层高。 This building is _______________________________.
100 meters lng
13 flrs high
5. the + 形容词, 表示一类人或物 the rich, the pr, the sick, the deaf, the blind, the ld, the yung, the beautiful
6. 表语形容词。这些形容词只能位于系动词后作表语。 如:alne单独的 afraid害怕的 asleep睡着的 alive活着的 awake醒着的 ill生病的 glad开心的 well 健康的 frightened害怕的 e.g. The by is ill. The ill by is here.
生病的女孩the ill girl (x) the sick girl (√)
一个在睡觉的婴儿 an asleep baby (x) a sleeping baby (√)
7. 定语形容词,这些形容词只能作定语。如:little(小的),nly(唯一的),wden(木质的), wlen(羊毛质的),elder(年长的)。 My elder brther is in Beijing.(正) My brther is elder.(误)8. 貌似副词的形容词。如:lnely(独自的),friendly(友好的),lively(生动的), lvely(可爱的)。
9.形容词的主动意义(-ed修饰人)和被动意义(-ing修饰物)如:exciting interesting surprising bring tiring excited interested surprised bred tiredThis mvie is very exciting.I am excited abut the trip t the U.S. next week.The cartn is very interesting.Even my parents are interested in the cartn.
10.多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)→描绘词(大小、长短、形状、新旧、长幼、颜色)→名词。如:a famus American medical schl一所非常著名的美国医学院
(1)“It's+adj.+f+sb+不定式”表示“某人做某事……”。
[注意] 这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如: gd(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),plite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),flish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrng(错误的)等。
(2)“It's+adj.+fr+sb+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说…”。
[注意] 这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词:如imprtant(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerus(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impssible(不可能的)等。
实练场:1) It’s nice ____ yu t cme.2) It’s very imprtant ____ everyne t prtect the envirnment.3) It’s very kind ____yu t d that.4) It’s difficult _____ him t learn English well.
害怕对某事/某人生气对……擅长/不擅长对……感到高兴/满意应该做某事为……而担心对……感兴趣以……自豪/为骄傲因……而道歉/后悔擅长对……有好处/有害忙于某事忙于做某事与……不同与……一样因……而著名喜欢
be afraid f be angry with sth./ sb. be gd/bad at be pleased with be suppsed t d sth. be wrried abut be interested in be prud f be srry fr be gd at be gd fr; be bad fr/be harmful t be busy with sth. be busy ding sth. be different frm be the same as.. be famus fr be fnd f
形容词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词都有三个等级:1、原级,即原形, 如:small(小的)2、比较级,表示 “更 … 一些” 或 “比较 … ” 的意思, 如:smaller(更小,比较小)3、最高级,表示 “最” 的意思, 如:smallest(最小)。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成:一、规则变化:1、单音节和部分双音节词,在词尾加 -er 或 -est 。2、大部分双音节词和多音节词,在其前面加 mre 或 mst 。具体见下表:
taller,harder
tallest,hardest
largerwider
largestwidest
biggerhtterfatter
biggesthttestfattest
happierearlier
happiestearliest
说说下列词的比较和最高级: high nice shrt near wet happy interesting late cld beautiful easy thin busy
higher, highest nicer, nicest shrter, shrtest nearer, nearest wetter, wettest happier, happiest mre interesting, mst interesting later, latest clder, cldest mre beautiful, mst beautifuleasier, easiestthinner, thinnestbusier, busiest
early friendly slid 坚固的 cruel 残酷的
earlier, earliest / mre early, mst early friendlier, friendliest / mre friendly, mst friendly slider, slidest / mre slid, mst slid crueler, cruelest / mre cruel, mst cruel
以下形容词的比较级和最高级用以下两种方法表示都可以:
不规则变化
原 形 比 较 级 最 高 级
gd wellbadillmanymuchlittleldfar
lder, ldest 与 elder, eldest lder, ldest 用于表示年龄大小 David lks lder than Jhn. David看起来比Jhn年龄大。 elder, eldest 用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系。 姐姐 哥哥 妹妹 弟弟
elder sister elder brther yunger sister yunger brther
1、Tm和Mike一样高。 Tm is ____________ Mike. 2、我爸爸和我妈妈年龄一样大。 My father is ___________my mther.3、这个盒子的重量是那个盒子的三倍。 This bx is three times _______________ that ne.
1、 Tm isn’t as/s tall as Mike. 2、My father isn’t as/s ld as my mther.3、This bx isn’t three times as/s heavy as that ne.
as tall as
as heavy as
他年龄太小了,还不能上学。 He is s yung that he can’t g t schl.
这只猫太大了,进不去那个洞。The cat is t big t g int the hle.
我弟弟已经够年龄参军了。My brther is ld enugh t jin the army.
s+ 形容词原级+that… “如此…以至于…”
… t+原级+ t d sth. “太……而不能……”
1.他年龄太小了,还不能上学。 He is s yung that he can’t g t schl. =He is t yung t g t schl. =He isn’t ld enugh t g t schl. 2.这只猫太大了,进不去那个洞。 This cat is s big that it can’t g int the hle. =This cat is t big t g int the hle. =This cat isn’t small enugh t g int the hle.
形容词原级的常用句型之间的转换
原级+ enugh t d sth. “足够……做……”
1. 我们的学校比他们的大。 Our schl is larger than theirs. 2. 这座桥比那座长。 This bridge is lnger than that ne.
形容词比较级的常用句型
1. 谁高一点,David还是Tm? Wh is taller, David r Tm? 2. 哪本书便宜点,这本还是那本? Which bk is cheaper, this ne r that ne?
1.你工作越努力,你就赚得越多钱。 The harder yu wrk, the mre mney yu will earn.2. 你吃得越多,你就会越胖。 The mre yu eat, the fatter yu are.3. 她越大越漂亮。 The lder she is, the mre beautiful she is.
越来越冷越来越高越来越有趣越来越兴奋
clder and clder taller and taller / higher and higher mre and mre interesting mre and mre exciting
典型例题: 1)--- Are yu feeling ____? --- Yes,I'm fine nw. A. any well B. any better C. quite gd D. quite better2)The experiment was ____ easier than we had expected. A. mre B. much mre C. much D. mre much3)If there were n examinatins, we shuld have ___ at schl. A. the happiest time B. a mre happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lt, lts, a great deal, any, still, even等
(1)可用“比较级形式+than any ther +单数名词” 来表达 最高级的意思。★他比学校其它任何一个同学都高。 He is taller than any ther student in the schl 。 =He is the tallest student in the schl.★她是班里最漂亮的女孩。 She is mre beautiful than any ther girl in the class. =She is the mst beautiful girl in the class.
(2)可用 “the +比较级形式+f the tw…” 来表达两者之间的 比较。 如:★他是两人中较好的. He is the better f the tw.★他是两人中较年长的。 He is the lder f the tw.
“A n + 比较级 + than B” A 并不比B …… “A nt + 比较级 + than B” A不如B……
Tm is n mre careful than Sam. Tm和Sam两人都不仔细。Tm is nt mre careful than Sam. Tm不如Sam仔细。
他是学校里最好的老师之一。 He is ne f the best teachers in the schl.
这是我看过的最好的书。This is the best bk that I have ever read.
形容词最高级的常用句型
他是班里最矮的男生。 He is the shrtest by in the class.在这三本书里,红色那本最便宜。The red bk is the cheapest f the three.
1. The bread is ____ than these cakes A. very delicius B. much delicius C. mre delicius D. as delicius
2. In ur city it’s ___ in July ,but it is even ___ in August. A. htter httest B. ht ht C. htter ht D. ht htter 3. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the secnd ______ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. mst largest 4. An elephant is ____ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier
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