英语九年级【知识精讲】13.句法(8)直接引语和间接引语 课件

这是一份英语九年级【知识精讲】13.句法(8)直接引语和间接引语 课件，共23页。PPT课件主要包含了如何变人称，如何变时态，如何变状语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。Mther said :”Yu are a gd student间接引语： 转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。 Mther said that I was a gd student.间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句
直接引语与间接引语的定义
四大变化：人称、时态、时间和动词三大类型：1）直接引语为陈述句2）直接引语为疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）3）直接引语为祈使句
直接引语与间接引语的变化
口诀：一主，二宾，三不变。“一主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称时,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. “I  want t g shpping . ”→She said she wanted t g shpping 
口诀：一主，二宾，三不变。“二宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致： The teacher said t me. “Yu shuld study hard”→The teacher tld me  I shuld study hard。
口诀：一主，二宾，三不变。三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第三人称，从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a gd by.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a gd by.
1) He said,“ My brther failed in the exam.” He said his brther had failed in the exam.2) He said t Mary,“ Hw is yur mther nw?” he asked Mary hw her mther was then.3)My teacher said, ‘‘ she is a gd student. ’’ My teacher said she was a gd student
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态； She said: “ I am a student. ” → She said (that) she was a student.
2)一般将来时→过去将来时 She said,"He will g t see his friend.”→She said he wuld g t see his friend。Tm said, “ I am ging t play basketball tmrrw.”→ Tm said he was ging t play basketball tmrrw.
3) 现在进行时→过去进行时； She said ,“I am reading a bk.”→She said she was reading a bk.4) 现在完成时→过去完成时5) 一般过去时→过去完成时6) 过去完成时→不变
注意：直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变。1. 直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，变间接引语时时态不变．2. 当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，谓语动词时态不需改变．1. Our teacher said, “ Light travels much faster than sund.” Our teacher said that light travels much faster than sund.2. “I graduated in 1966.”My brther said. My brther said that he graduated in 1966.
由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化
thatthsethenbefrethat daythe next day
in tw days’ timethe day befrethe night befretw days befregTheretake
陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的say, 也可用tell来代替，注意，可以说say that, tell sb. that，不可直接说tell that . He ften says,“China is great.”→ He ften says (that) China is great.Tm says,“I am a student.”→ Tm says (that) he is a student.
直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：
一般疑问句间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词say要改为ask ，语序要变为陈述语序 。He said t me, “D yu have any difficulty with prnunciatin?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my prnunciatin. He said, “Yu are interested in English, aren't yu?” He asked whether I was interested in English.
特殊疑问句原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序 (倒装句)He said t me，“What's yur name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “Hw many car factries have been built in yur cuntry?” He asked us hw many car factries had been built in ur cuntry.
祈使句直接引语是祈使句，则改为 tell/rder/ask sb. (nt) t d sth.其他变化同上。He said, “Please cme here tmrrw.” He asked me t g there the next day.The teacher said, “Dn’t talk any mre.” The teacher tld us nt t talk any mre.
把下列直接引语句子变为间接引语句子。She said t me,"Will yu g there with me?“______________________________________.
答案：She asked me if/whether I wuld g there with her．
按要求改写句子，每空一词。“Which mdel d yu like best?” He asked. (改为复合句)He asked me ________ mdel ________ ________ best.
答案：which; I; liked