2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（三）冠词的基本用法（真题练习+知识串讲）

这是一份2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（三）冠词的基本用法（真题练习+知识串讲），共6页。
冠词的基本用法
Ⅰ.单句语法填空[全析考法]
1． Crn prductin has jumped nearly 125 percent ver ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased nly 7 percent.
��析：the 此处特指过去的25年，故用the past 25 years。
2． This included digging up the rad, laying the track and then building a strng rf ver ________ tp.
解析：the tp是名词，前面要用冠词，此处特指在(地铁的)顶部建造一个结实的顶，所以填定冠词the。
3． Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as ________ mdel in New Yrk.
解析：a 此处意为“作为纽约的一名模特”，在单数可数名词mdel前应该使用不定冠词，表示“一，一名”，且mdel的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
4． It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it's ________ nging prcess.
解析：an 此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程，因为单词nging的读音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
5．Fr Pahlssn, its return was __________ wnder.
解析：a wnder为可数名词，表示“奇迹，奇事”，此处为泛指，且wnder的读音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
6． The adbe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Puebl Indians f the American Suthwest are admired by even ________ mst mdern f architects and engineers.
解析：the 在形容词最高级的前面用定冠词the。
7． He wned ________ farm, which lked almst abandned.
解析：a 此处指一个农场，表示泛指，且farm的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
8． Nw, years later, this river is ne f ________ mst utstanding examples f envirnmental cleanup.
解析：the 此空后为形容词的最高级形式，故应填定冠词the。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1． As the kid, I lved t watch cartns, but n matter hw many times I asked t watch them, my parents wuld nt let me.________________
解析：the→a kid在此处表泛指，且kid的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
2． I still remember hw hard first day was.
________________
解析：first前加the/my 表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词the或者用形容词性物主代词my进行修饰。
3． They live far frm the schl, and it takes them abut a hur and a half t g t wrk every day.
________________
解析：第一个a→an/ne hur的读音以元音音素开头，且是可数名词，所以用an/ne hur表示“一个小时”。
4． But in that case, we will learn little abut wrld.________________
解析：wrld前加the 此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。
5． I asked Mm t stay in the sitting rm and I cked in kitchen.________________
解析：kitchen前加the 此处特指“我们家”的厨房。
6． He liked it s much that he quickly walked int the shp ... A wman saw him crying and tld him t wait utside a shp.________________
解析：utside后的a→the 此处用定冠词特指上文提到的商店。
7． There are all kinds f the flwers and trees arund the classrm buildings.________________
解析：去掉第一个the 此处为泛指，不表示特指，故去掉the。
[谨记规则]
(一)不定冠词
(二)定冠词
(三)零冠词
表示类指或某类中的“任何一个”。
A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.
表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于a certain；或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。
I have a questin t ask yu.
In a sense what yu said is true.
All f a sudden, she burst int tears.
Experts think that the recently discvered painting may be a Picass.
表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有ne强烈。
Suddenly they heard a lud vice.
表示“每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。
Prices start at ￡13.95 a yard fr printed cttn.
用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。表示“一种……的人或事”
He suddenly appeared n a rainy night, which was a great surprise t us.
不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
Live a gd, hnrable life.Then when yu get lder and think back, yu'll get t enjy it a secnd time.
表示特指的人或物，或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物，或者指上文已经提到过的人或事物。
Take yur time — it's just a shrt distance frm here t the restaurant.
用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth ges arund the sun.
用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。
Is this the first time that yu have visited Qingda？
用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妻俩；或用于形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。
The explsin saw peple rush t help the injured.
用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
It's said that crn was grwn a lt in Tibet in the 17th century.
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。
He is living in Canada nw.
季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词。
We usually have breakfast at 7 'clck.
语言、学科名称、球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。
I'm interested in English.
表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，其前通常不用冠词。
Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster f the schl, tld us，“A fifth f pupils here g n t study at Oxfrd r Cambridge.”
系动词turn(变成)后的单数名词作表语不用冠词。
His brther has turned writer.
“(零冠词＋)单数名词/形容词最高级＋as/thugh(＋主语＋谓语)”，意为“尽管……但是……”。
Her as/thugh he is, he has sme shrtcmings.