2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（二十八）关系副词（含语法填空短文改错真题讲解+知识总结）

这是一份2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（二十八）关系副词（含语法填空短文改错真题讲解+知识总结），共7页。试卷主要包含了“介词＋关系代词”的判定等内容，欢迎下载使用。

课堂真题讲解
单句语法填空
1． Selfdriving is an area________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
2．Pahlssn and her husband nw think the ring prbably gt swept int a pile f kitchen rubbish and was spread ver the garden, ________ it remained until the carrt's leafy tp accidentally spruted (生长) thrugh it.
解析：where 分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the garden”，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where引导。
3. But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reprter permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
解析：where 句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词area，并在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
解析：where 分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the garden”，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where引导。
解析：when 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是表示时间的“the mid1980s”，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填关系副词when。
课后知识总结
[谨记规则]
(一)关系副词的分类
The days are gne when physical strength was all yu needed t make a living.
完全靠体力谋生的时代已经一去不复返了。
I walked up t the tp f the hill with my friend, where we enjyed a splendid view f the lake.我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
Is this the reasn why/fr which he refused ur ffer?
这就是他拒绝我们的提议的原因吗？
(二)关系副词与关系代词的易混点
若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situatin, pint, stage, psitin, part, cnditin, case等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
I have cme t the pint where/at which I can't stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
He's gt int the situatin where/in which he is in debt.
他已经陷入负债累累的境地。
At last he gt the psitin (that/which) he had been dreaming f.他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
语法填空解题“3视角”
1．关系代词的选用
(1)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用wh/that; 非限制性定语从句中用wh。
(2)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用wh/that/whm; 非限制性定语从句中用whm。
(3)如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that; 非限制性定语从句用which。
2．关系副词的选用
如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when或where。
3．“介词＋关系代词”的判定
如果先行词指人， “介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whm; 如果先行词指物， “介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which。
据第1条解题
1．Recrds are rare befre that time because Qin Shi Huang destryed all the bks ----culd be fund.
2．Hwever, speeding up yur walking pace can't instantly make yu the life f the party, -----means that yu needn't change yur persnality.
3．-----is expected, these prgrams shuld be psitive in their frms as well as functins.
4．A best friend is smene -----u can tell everything t, even yur mst persnal feelings and thughts.
5．Nw Edwards is studying English literature, having cmpleted a cllege curse designed fr adults---- want t return t educatin r need extra qualificatins t g n t university.
据第2条解题
6．UNAIDS als teaches yung peple hw t prevent AIDS, and set up treatment centers ----mthers with HIV can receive medicine t help keep them frm passing HIV n t their children.
7．There are certain dates thrughut the year ----the entire cuntry takes a vacatin at the same time.
8．Of curse, there are times ---we need t travel lng distances.
9．Gift shps in museums used t be the last stp f each visit, -----peple wuld buy suvenirs fr themselves and their friends.
据第3条解题
10．The city has histrically develped n seven hills, sme f -----are 250m high.
11．We first attended the pening parade, fr ---- ur class had made a lt f preparatins.
12．Behind him were ther peple t ----he was trying t talk, but after sme minutes they walked away and sat near me, lking annyed.
答案：that 、which_、As 、whm y、 wh、where 、when 、when 、where 、which_、which、whm
语法填空
Jiang Tianjian, 8, is a Grade One student in Shehng Cunty, Sichuan Prvince. Brn withut arms, Jiang's parents hped their sn wuld be tugh when __1__ (face) life's difficulties. When he was just eight __2__ (mnth) ld, Jiang's mther began t train him t hld things using his tes. She even taught him hw __3__ (pick) up a single hair using his big te and pinter te.
“It tk __4__ (he) a lng time t learn that，” his mther remembered. She was aware that the by wuld need t wrk harder because f his disability.“Yur feet are as useful as ther peple's hands，” she __5__ (ccasinal) encuraged her sn.
In 2016, Jiang __6__ (admit) t Meifeng Experimental Schl. In the classrm, he sits in the frnt rw, and his desk is just 25 centimeters tall s he can write with a pen __7__he hlds with his tes.
Despite his disability, Jiang perfrms well in schl. In the mst recent final exams, he __8__ (get) perfect scres.
The schl has created __9__ special archive (档案) fr Jiang in which his teachers recrd interesting things that happen __10__ him. On his graduatin, the archive will be given t Jiang as a special gift.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。四川射洪县8岁的蒋天健天生没有双臂，只能用脚来做功课。从小蒋天健的母亲就通过用脚指头捡头发等方法来训练他。现在的蒋天健学习成绩优异，性格也坚强乐观。
1．facing 考查非谓语动词。当when引导的时间状语从句，主从句主语一致时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，直接用现在分词或过去分词。此处主语their sn与face之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词。
2．mnths 考查名词复数。mnth“月”，是可数名词，被基数词eight修饰要用复数形式。
3．t pick 考查非谓语动词。此处是“特殊疑问句＋动词不定式”作宾语的特殊用法，相当于一个宾语从句。
4．him 考查代词。根据空前的“It tk”可知，所填词作宾语，因此需用宾格形式。故填him。
5．ccasinally 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词encuraged，作状语，所以用副词形式。
6．was admitted 考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示“蒋天健被录取”应用被动语态；又因为是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。
7．that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，先行词是pen，从句中动词hlds后面缺少宾语，所以用that/which来引导。
8．gt 考查动词的时态。根据前文的“In the mst recent final exams”可知，此处描述的成绩是过去取得的，因此需用一般过去时。故填gt。
9．a 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“创建了一个特殊档案”。这里是第一次出现special archive，所以用不定冠词a来修饰。
10．t 考查介词。happen t sb.“发生在某人身上”，为固定搭配。故填t。
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语
where
地点
地点状语
why
原因
原因状语(只引导限制性定语从句)