人教版高考英语语法总复习专题七并列句和状语从句课件PPT
展开一、并列句二、状语从句
1. (2016·全国Ⅲ)In much f Asia, especially the scalled “rice bwl” cultures f China, Japan, Krea, _______Vietnam, fd is usually eaten with chpsticks.解析:China,Japan,Krea和Vietnam之间是并列关系,故用and连接,
2. (2015·广东卷)One day, the cw was eating grass ________it began t rain heavily.解析:句意:一天,这头奶牛正在吃草,突然下起了大雨。be ding sth.when是固定结构,意为“正在做某事这时……”,when是并列连词,意为“这时……”。3. (2014·全国Ⅰ)But the river wasn't changed in a few days ______even a few mnths.解析:句意:但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意判断,此处要填一个表示递进含义的词,故用r。r even“甚至”。
4. (2014·辽宁卷) It asks yu t act like water; t be flexible as well ______ strng.解析:句意:它要求你表现得像水一样;柔韧又坚强。as well as“以及;和”,是固定短语,用来连接两个并列成分,作用相当于and。5. (2014·广东卷)Our rms hadn't been reserved fr that week, _______fr the week after.解析:句意:我们的房间预订的不是那一周,而是后一周。根据前面的nt判断,本空填but;“不是……而是……”。
1. (2016·全国Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables r high quality il are used fr cking. __________解析:本句为肯定句,fresh vegetables和high quality il是并列关系,应用and连接。
2. (2016·全国Ⅱ)If we stay at hme, it is cmfrtable but there is n need t spend mney. ___________解析:句意:如果我们待在家里,很舒服而且也没必要花钱。“it is cmfrtable和there is n need t spend mney”之间是并列关系,而非转折关系,故将but改为and。3. (2016·四川卷)Mm has a fulltime jb, s she has t d mst f the husewrk. __________解析:句意:妈妈有全职工作,但她不得不做大部分家务活。前后两句是转折而非因果关系,故用转折连词but。
并列连词是高考考查的重点,考生要熟练掌握常考并列连词的用法。1.and表示顺承以及并列关系,还可以用于固定句式:“祈使句+and+陈述句”。2.but表示转折关系,不能和althugh连用。
3.s为表示因果关系的连词.一般前一句多为后面句子存在的原因,s引导的句子为结果,s不能和表示原因的从属连词because连用。4.r“或者”为表示选择关系的连词,r还可意为“否则”,可用于句型:“祈使句+r+陈述句”。5.利用连词词组;;nt als...;;特殊搭配解题。
when和while可作并列连词。when表示“在那时,此时突然”;while表示“然而,而”,表对比或转折关系。并列连词when常用于以下句型中:(1) (……正在做……突然……)(2) abut t (……刚要做……突然……)(3) n the pint f (……刚要做……突然……)(4) just (……刚/一……就……)The children were playing when they heard the sund f a mtrbike.He is strng while his brther is weak.
考点二 when/while用作并列连词
单句填空/单句改错1.Arrive late nce mre, _______yu'll be fired.解析:前后两句为顺承关系,故用and。2.He is a shy man, _______he is nt afraid f anything r anyne.解析:前后两句为转折关系,故用but。
3.Thugh a little pr, but he lives a happy life. _________解析:but不能与thugh连用。4.Tm was abut t clse the windw while his attentin was caught by a by. ______________解析:be ding sth. when...“正在做……这时……”。5.Peple used t cmmunicate with each ther thrugh letters and public phnes. S nwadays they use mbile phnes and the Internet instead. __________解析:前后句之间是逻辑上的转折关系,故用but。
while→when
1. (2016·全国Ⅲ)Over time, ___________the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.解析:句意:随着时间的推移,当人口增长的时候,人们开始把食物切成小块,因此食物就熟得更快了。根据句子结构和逻辑关系可知,前半句是时间状语从句,因此填as/when,意为“当……时候”。
2. (2014·辽宁卷)Unbelievable! Oh..., ______yu dn't mind, I'll stp and take a deep breath.解析:句意:难以置信!噢……,如果你不介意,我要停下来深吸一口气了。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,所以应用if。
1. (2015·陕西卷)My nly mistake was that I drpped sme n the flr after I was packing them up. ____________________解析:句意:我唯一的错误是当我打包的时候掉在地上了一些。根据句意可知将after改为when/while。2. (2014·全国Ⅰ)Althugh we allw tmat plants t grw in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease r insect attack prblems. _________________解析:英语中althugh是连词,but是并列连词,所以不能同时用。所以把but改成yet或去掉but。
after→when/while
but→yet或去掉but
1.althugh,thugh,while引导的让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可与yet或still连用。Thugh/Althugh/While regular exercise is very imprtant, it's never a gd idea t exercise t clse t bedtime.尽管有规律的锻炼很重要,但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。
2.thugh与as引导的让步状语从句thugh引导的让步状语从句置于句首时,从句可倒装也可用正常语序;而as意为“尽管”时,引导的让步状语从句常用倒装结构,即as引导的从句一般置于主句之前,从句中的形容词、副词、名词或动词原形置于句首。若是单数名词前置时,要省略冠词。Child as/thugh he was,he helped me a lt.尽管他是个孩子,他却帮了我很大的忙。 (名词)Try as/thugh he might,he culd nt pen the dr。不管他怎样努力,他还是不能打开那个门。 (动词)
3.“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句,意为“无论……”。Hwever hard yu try,it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.不管你多么努力,如果不减少饭量,减肥很难。4.引导的让步状语从句,意为“不论……还是……”,提供两种对比情况。We'll g n with the wrk,whether we can find the necessary tls r we cannt.不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们都要把这件工作做下去。
1.when指的是“某一具体时间”,可与延续性或非延续性动词连用,whenever“无论何时”;while“在……期间”,只与延续性动词连用;as表“一边……一边”,强调主从句动作同时发生。2.befre/since引导时间状语从句的用法(1)befre作连词:It will/wn't be+一段时间+befre...意为“过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就……”。befre还可以作介词,意为“在……以前”。
(2)since引导时间状语从句时表示“自从……以来”,从句一般表示动作的起点,用一般过去时;主句表示动作的延续情况,一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。常用句型:It is/has been+一段时间+since...。Since he graduated frm cllege,he has wrked in this city.自从大学毕业以来,他一直在这座城市工作。It is five years since he lived here.他不在这儿住已五年了。
3.till,until,(1)延续性动词 (肯定式)+until/till表示动作延续到某一时间为止。We walked alng the river until/till it was dark.我们沿着河散步,一直到天黑。(2)非延续性动词/延续性动词 (否定式)+until/till表示“直到……才”。He didn't knw anything abut it until/till I tld him.直到我告诉他,他才知道这件事。
4.其他用于引导时间状语从句的词或短语(1)the mment,the minute,the instant,the secnd,directly,immediately,instantly等名词和副词可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。Directly I received his letter I went t see him.我一收到他的信就去看他了。(2)在与n 结构中,主句用过去完成时,than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。(3)every time,any time,the first time,by the time,each time等名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。Every time I express an pinin,she always argues back.每当我发表意见时,她总是反驳。
1.地点状语从句where与wherever可引导地点状语从句。Tday,we will begin where we stpped yesterday s that n pint will be left ut.今天我们将从昨天停止的地方开始因此就不会遗漏任何要点。
考点三 地点状语从句和条件状语从句
2.条件状语从句的常见引导词:if,unless (=),s/as lng as (只要),n cnditin that (条件是),if nly (=if),prvided that (如果),in case (万一,如果),suppse/suppsing that (假设,如果),assuming that (假设)等。My parents dn't mind what jb I d as lng as I am happy.我的父母不在意我从事什么工作,只要我高兴就好。3.在条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表将来含义;现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况;一般过去时表过去将来的含义。
1.原因状语从句原因状语从句可由because,as,since,nw that (in that)等词引导:(1)because译作“因为”,表直接原因,语气较强,能回答由why提出的问句。The ld man asked Lucy t mve t anther chair because he wanted t sit next t his wife.那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上,因为他想挨着妻子坐。
(2)as (由于),since (既然),nw that/in that (既然),表双方都知道的原因,语气较弱。as,since和nw that引导的从句多位于主句之前。Nw that yu have dne that,stp blaming yurself.既然你已经做了,就不要自责了。
2.目的状语从句(1)in rder that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后,而s that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。She wrked hard s that everything wuld be ready in time.她努力工作,为的是及时做好各项准备。(2)fr fear that/in case这两个连词引导的目的状语从句中的谓语常用“ (shuld+)动词原形”。He wrte the name dwn fr fear that/in case he (shuld)frget it.他把名字写下来以免忘了。
3.结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有;s that,,。其结构是:(1)s十adj./adv.+that从句s+adj.+a (n)+可数名词单数+that从句s+many/much/little/few+名词+that从句
(2)such+a (n)十adj.+可数名词单数+that从句such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句such+a lt f/lts f+名词+that从句(3)主句+s that从句It was such a cld day that there was nbdy in the street.=It was s cld a day that there was nbdy in the street.=It was a cld day s that there was nbdy in the street.天气非常冷,街上一个人也没有。
4.方式状语从句方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式,常由as (像……一样),as if/thugh (似乎,好像)等引导。(1)as引导方式状语从句,前面常可用just加强语气。I did just as the teacher did.我就像老师那样做的做了。(2)as if/as thugh引导方式状语从句时,常用虚拟语气。She spke English s well as if she had been t America.她英语说得非常好,就好像她去过美国似的。
单句填空/单句改错1.The students shuld d the experiments ______they were instructed.解析:as“按照”,引导方式状语从句。2.It is a gd habit t lay things _________they belng.解析:where引导地点状语从句。
3.He lked very healthy while he returned frm Beijing. ______________解析:while引导时间状语从句时,从句只能用延续性动词,而when引导时间状语从句时从句可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词,故while改为when。4.Child althugh he was, he knew what was the prper thing t d. ______________________解析:as/thugh引导让步状语从句才能以部分倒装的形式出现;althugh不可以。
althugh→as/thugh
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