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2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 英语（四）试卷版
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这是一份2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 英语（四）试卷版，共10页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There are campus museums all ver China that ffer varius cllectins and make fr eye-pening visits.
Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University
Admissin: free
Opening hurs: Tuesday and Saturday, 9:00 am-12:00 pm
Highlights: Included amng the mre than 300 histric aircraft and space artifacts are ne f the tw Nrthrp P-61 Black Widws in the wrld and China’s first light airliner, Beijing 1.
Fudan University Museum
Admissin: free
Opening hurs: Tuesday t Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:30 pm
Highlights: A unique cllectin f native artifacts frm the Gashan abrigines in Taiwan. Sme f them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen even in Taiwan.
China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University
Admissin: 10 yuan
Opening hurs: Mnday t Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:00 pm
Highlights: In this cllectin f mre than 40,000 specimens f abut 3,000 cean-dwelling species, the mst eye-catching ne is an 18.4-meter-lng sperm whale skeletn.
Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences
Admissin: 40 yuan; half price fr students
Opening hurs: Mnday t Friday, 8:30 am-12:00 pm and 2:30 pm-5:00 pm; weekends and hlidays, 9:00 am-4:30 pm
Highlights: It huses a cllectin f mre than 30,000 mineral and rck specimens, mre than 2,000 f which are rare nes like the museum’s well-knwn dinsaur fssils.
China Academy Museum at Hunan University
Admissin: 50 yuan
Opening hurs: Mnday t Sunday, 8:00 am-6:30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter
Highlights: China’s nly museum t feature the histry f academies and cultural educatin in the cuntry.
21. Which museum will yu chse if yu’re interested in sea species?
A. China Academy Museum at Hunan University.
B. Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences.
C. Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.
D. China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.
22. What can yu see in Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences?
A. Space artifacts.B. Dinsaur fssils.
C. Native artifacts.D. Sperm whale skeletns.
23. When can yu g t China Academy Museum at Hunan University?
A. On Tuesday 6:00 pm in winter.
B. On Saturday 8:00 am in winter.
C. On Sunday 6:30 pm in summer.
D. On Wednesday 8:00 am in summer.
B
Arinze Stanley is a talented yung Nigerian artist whse wrks ften leave peple asking themselves if they’re lking at a pencil drawing r a high-definitin black and white phtgraph. Yes, his drawing skills are that gd!
Arinze’s interest in art, drawing in particular, was started at a yung age, primarily by the fact that he was always surrunded by paper. His family ran a paper cmpany, s he wuld ften kill time by grabbing a piece f paper and trying his hand at drawing. But he nly started explring hyper-realism in 2012, and became a prfessinal artist a year later. He has never taken any prfessinal art classes, and says that the level f detail he is able t prduce is nly the result f years f practice, Lking at his fantastic artwrks, it's safe t say that he has cme a lng way in very little time.
“I’ve gt a mtt I wrk with and that’s‘Practice, Patience, and Persistence’,” Arinze said. “Cnstant practice makes me better at what I d but it will nt have been pssible withut persistence and patience, as it takes ver 200 hurs t cmplete a drawing and I nly have time t wrk during the night due t my busy schedule at wrk during the day.”
Arinze says that he takes inspiratin fr his artwrks frm everything arund him and takes reference phts himself using a camera, but fcuses primarily n prtraits. He acknwledges that he ften ends up staring at peple’s feces uncnsciusly, and adds that being a prtrait artist has made him appreciate the varieties f human facial structures and details.
24. What des the authr think f Arinze’s wrks?
A. They are cntradictry.
B. They are cntrversial.
C. They are quite true t life.
D. They make the audience less cnfident.
25. What can we knw abut Arinze’s childhd frm the text?
A. He used t take art classes.
B. He had easy access t paper.
C. He was interested in paper flding.
D. He was able t take amazing phts.
26. Where are Arinze’s ideas fr his drawings frm?
A. His real life.B. Art bks.
C. Masters’ drawings.D. His wild imaginatin.
27. Accrding t the text, Arinze _______.
A. is still an amateur artist
B. draws extremely quickly
C. is brn t be detail-fcused
D. has prgressed quickly in drawing
C
There is an “envirnmental silver lining” as a result f the crnavirus(冠状病毒) — carbn emissins have been reduced by mre than 4%, many wildlife markets arund the wrld have been shuttered and air quality in sme places has slightly imprved, Dave Frd, funder f the envirnmental literacy rganizatin SulBuffal, says.
But thanks t an increase in pandemic-related, nn-recyclable materials such as take-ut plastic cntainers and masks, 30% mre waste has entered ur ceans, he ntes. “There’s 129 billin facemasks being made every mnth — enugh that yu culd cver the entire cuntry f Switzerland with facemasks at the end f this year if trends cntinue,” he says. “And a lt f these masks are ending up in the water.” The masks lk like jellyfish — in ther wrds, fd — t turtles and ther wildlife creatures, thus, attractive t thse animals and then endangering them, he says.
Very little f the plastic we use is actually recyclable. Sharn Lerner f The Intercept tld Here & Nw last year that “the vast majrity f plastic that has ever been prduced — 79% — has actually ended up in landfills r burned, but nt refashined int new prducts”. Even if the plastics we have can be reused, Frd says recycling prgrams acrss the glbe are facing drastic budget cuts.
“We’re starting t see recycling prgrams shuttered, waste picking cmmunities perating at 50% r actually shutting dwn. They are the last line f defense between plastic and the envirnment,” he says.
Last year, Unilever planned t cut its use f nn-recycled plastics in half by 2025. In an interview with Here & Nw, Richard Slater, Unilever’s chief research and develpment fficer, drew n the industry argument that plastic packaging is lighter, which means less shipping and therefre fewer dangerus emissins that cause climate change.
Yes, plastics are lightweight and can cut dwn n fuel spending. But n the ther hand, plastic waste is being fund in every facet f life—even in the deepest cean.
28. What des “envirnmental silver lining” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A. An envirnmental rganizatin.
B. The clsure f sme wildlife markets.
C. The decrease f carbn dixide emissins.
D. Benefits n envirnment frm the crnavirus.
29. Why are facemasks appealing t sme sea creatures?
A. They resemble the sea creatures’ fd.
B. They cntain certain unique chemicals.
C. Many sea creatures like t chase plastic by nature.
D. There is a cntinuus shrtage f fd in the cean.
30. What can we learn abut the plastic waste?
A. Mst f it is recycled int new prducts.
B. The majrity f it is buried r burned.
C. 129 billin facemasks end up in the cean.
D. There is enugh budget fr plastic recycling.
31. Which f the fllwing might be the best title fr the text?
A. Plastic can cut dwn fuel spending
B. Recycling prgrams are shutting dwn
C. The crnavirus has caused mre cean plastic
D. Slutins t cean plastic pllutin are being explred
D
Plice recently caught the suspected Glden State Killer using a tl they culd nly have dreamed f decades ag, when a shcking series f murders shk Califrnia: a database filled with peple’s genetic data(基因数据).
Plice used an pen-surce database called GEDmatch t find relatives wh matched genetic material taken frm an ld crime scene, then wrked backward t identify and catch 72-year-ld frmer plice fficer Jseph James DeAngel.
GEDmatch’s 950,000 users vluntarily uplad and share their genetic infrmatin, making it accessible t thers wh share their wn data — including law enfrcement(执法). Mre than a dzen ther similar platfrms als exist. “If yur relatives have cntributed and yu are part f even a family tree that appears nline in ne f these shared resurces, yu can be indirectly tracked thrugh the cmbinatin f their DNA and the publicly available family histry,” says Dr. Rbert Green, a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical Schl.
Data sent t cmmercial cmpanies like 23andMe, which has ver 5 millin custmers, is much tugher fr utsiders t access, but the case has still highlighted the issue f genetic privacy.
Althugh many genetic-testing cmpanies have been asked t cperate with legal investigatins(调查), and clearly warn custmers f this pssibility, nt all requests are hnred. “23andMe has never given custmer infrmatin t law-enfrcement fficials,” a cmpany representative tld TIME.
The risks f keeping such sensitive data private are high. The ptential fr abuse exists; fr example, insurance cmpanies culd theretically use genetic data t refuse cverage(保险项目), Green says. But the systems in place t prevent misuse appear t be wrking. One is the Genetic Infrmatin Nndiscriminatin Act, a 2008 law that prtects cnsumers frm emplyment and insurance discriminatin related t genetics. As lng as that’s the case, Green says, the gd f genetic tests utweighs the bad.
Sharn Zehe, a lawyer fr the department f labratry medicine and pathlgy at the May Clinic, takes a mre cautius apprach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure yu are using a reputable rganizatin that has strng privacy plicies in place,” she says. “Genetic data is bilgically as imprtant as a fingerprint.”
32. Wh is the Glden State Killer?
A. Rbert Green.B. Jseph James De Angel.
C. The authr.D. Sharn Zehe.
33. What drives the users t uplad their genetic data?
A. The Plice’s frce.B. Their relatives’ advice.
C. The bss’s rder.D. Their wn willingness.
34. Wh might misuse custmers’ genetic data?
A. The plice.B. GEDmatch.
C. Insurance cmpanies.D. 23andMe.
35. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Genetic data is equal t a fingerprint.
B. A 72-year-ld killer was put int prisn.
C. Murders causes cncern fr genetic privacy.
D. Genetic infrmatin is shared n the Internet.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Grw Organic Tmates in a Cntainer
Anyne wh has seen tmates grwing in a garden knws that they tend t be huge plants. 36 S the first thing t d when cnsidering grwing tmates in a pt is t find a suitable variety.
After yu find the perfect plant, it is time t plant it. In general, plastic r fiberglass pts are best fr grwing tmates. They dn’t dry ut quickly. While tmates lve heat, they dn’t like being dry. 37 Besides, tmates need t grw in a reasnably large pt. A pt must be 8 inches deep. That’s the abslute minimum. A 12- r 16-inch pt is even better.
38 Dn’t use sil dug directly frm the garden. It is t heavy fr cntainer gardens. Cmpst(混合的) based sil, whether purchased r mixed frm yur special recipe, is nice. When planting the tmat, put sme sil in the bttm f the pt and set the plant in. After yu have the plant set at the prper level, fill in arund it with sil. The sil shuld g up t abut an inch belw the rim(边缘) f the pt t allw rm fr watering.
39 The best way t tell when t water is t stick yur finger int the sil — if the first tw inches are dry, it’s time t water.
The trickiest thing abut grwing tmates in a pt is that they are heavy feeders. Every time yu water, yu wash nutrients ut f the sil. S fertilize(施肥) regularly. Once a mnth is gd. But every ther week, applying the fertilizer at half-strength is better. 40
A. That’s why clay pts are ppular.
B. Instead, use whatever sil yu can get.
C. And dry sil can reduce fruit prductin.
D. This prvides cnstant nutrients fr the tmat plants.
E. They require peple’s much wrk t stay manageable.
F. Tmates dn’t like being dry, s water them regularly.
G. Any gd quality rganic ptting sil wrks fr tmates.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many f us have characteristics cming frm ur families. Maybe we have ur father’s eyes r grandmther’s hair clr. But there are still ther elements f ur persnalities picked up by 41 ur parents, such as ur mther’s lve f cleaning r ur dad’s 42 f humr.
Researchers learn there are usually three kinds f peple frm their 43 .
The first kind f peple are the jb-riented(以求职为目的的) wh 44 t regard a jb as simply a way t make mney. They 45 t wrking day after day and dn’t think it interesting fr them t d anything else. If yu have a jb-riented father, yu may 46 wrk this way. Hwever, yu’ll nt 47 hld the viewpint if yu grw up clse t yur jb-riented mther.
The secnd are the career-riented wh see their jbs as a place t gain 48 . They dn’t mind wrking vertime. In fact, sme 49 their jbs s much that they are feeling mre cmfrtable in the 50 than at hme. They are always 51 f making prgress in their wrk. Being clse t a career-riented father 52 yu’ll carry n yur father’s. 53 enugh, having a mther with this viewpint seems t have little 54 .
The third are the calling-riented wh cnsider their jbs as a way t have a 55 effect n the wrld. They are mre 56 imprving the wrld arund them than 57 a large salary. These peple usually cme frm hmes 58 bth parents have abilities. This 59 that adlescents need the supprt f bth parents in rder t have the cnfidence.
The gd news is — we still have ur 60 t find a career that suits us.
41. A. invitingB. nursingC. prtectingD. mdeling
42. A. sceneB. senseC. rightD. gift
43. A. studyB. universityC. academyD. classrm
44. A. attemptB. manageC. tendD. ffer
45. A. are suppsedB. are ppsedC. lk frwardD. are linked
46. A. viewB. thinkC. believeD. imagine
47. A. frequentlyB. cnstantlyC. prbablyD. ptentially
48. A. explanatinsB. expressinsC. directinsD. achievements
49. A. addictB. valueC. devteD. cntribute
50. A. clubB. fficeC. cinemaD. pub
51. A. sadB. curiusC. prudD. afraid
52. A. equalsB. meansC. demandsD. shws
53. A. WrriedlyB. SurelyC. CarefullyD. Strangely
54. A. influenceB. evidenceC. justiceD. perfrmance
55. A. negativeB. sideC. badD. psitive
56. A. disappinted atB. cncerned abutC. puzzled atD. cnfused at
57. A. payingB. raisingC. earningD. making
58. A. whereB. whseC. whichD. that
59. A. suggestsB. insistsC. recmmendsD. cnvinces
60. A. adviceB. differenceC. changeD. chice
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While nt everyne will have been deep in thught abut the subject while staring ut f the windw during a flight, the questin as t why aerplanes have circular windws rather than square nes 61 (be) interesting. Over the years, aerspace engineering 62 (make) great advances in aerplane technlgy, meaning planes can carry mre 63 (passenger) and g faster. The planes have als changed shape and many ther things t increase safety, the windws 64 (include). There was a time 65 jets became the mainstream, and the De Havilland Cmet came int fashin. With a pressurized cabin(加压舱), it was able t g higher and faster 66 ther aircrafts.
Hwever, the plane had square windws and in 1953 tw planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 peple in ttal. 67 did the plane crash? As fr the windws, where there’s a crner, there’s a weak spt. Windws, 68 (have) fur crners have fur ptential weak spts, making them likely t crash under stress, like air pressure. By curving the windw, the stress that wuld 69 (eventual) crack the windw crner is distributed and the likelihd f 70 (it) breaking is reduced.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It is n dubt that birds are ur friends. Therefre, a large number f birds are killed fr fd every year, which really caused mre and mre peple t be wrried. The ther day I was walking in the wds when a sht was heard. Heard the sht, the bird in the trees flew in all directins. A bird was bad injured and lked sad. Finding a bird injured, I decide t take it hme. At hme I tk gd care f it. When it recvered, I returned it back t the wds. I hpe smething can be dne t prtect birds frm killed.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现你校图书馆阅览室中存在高声喧哗和乱丢垃圾的现象，请用英语给馆长Mr. Smith写一封信。要点如下：
1.说明写信的目的；
2.提出合理的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student.
Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
2020-2021学年高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （四）答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【答案】21-23 DBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。中国各地都有校园博物馆提供各种各样的收藏品，让人大开眼界。文章主要介绍了五个校园博物馆门票、开放时间以及各自亮点等。
21.细节理解题。由China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分“In this cllectin f mre than 40,000 specimens f abut 3,000 cean-dwelling species, the mst eye-catching ne is an 18.4-meter-lng sperm whale skeletn.”可知，如果你对海洋生物感兴趣，你可以去上海海洋大学中国鱼文化博物馆，故选D。
22.细节理解题。由Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences部分“It huses a cllectin f mre than 30,000 mineral and rck specimens, mre than 2,000 f which are rare nes like the museum’s well-knwn dinsaur fssils.”可知，在中国地质大学逸夫博物馆可以看到恐龙化石。故选B。
23.细节理解题。由China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分“Opening hurs: Mnday t Sunday, 8:00 am-6: 30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter”可知，选项D符合题意。
B
【答案】24-27 CBAD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼日利亚艺术家Arinze Stanley绘画非常逼真，介绍了Arinze开始从事绘画的个人经历以及他对于绘画的一些看法。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Arinze Stanley是一位才华横溢的年轻尼日利亚艺术家，他的作品经常让人们问自己：看到的是铅笔画还是高清黑白照片？是的，他的绘画技巧就是有那么好！因此作者认为Arinze的作品非常逼真。故选C。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Arinze对艺术的兴趣，尤其是对绘画的兴趣，在很小的时候就开始了，主要是因为他总是被纸包围着。他的家族经营着一家纸业公司，所以他经常拿起一张纸，试着画画来消磨时间。由此可知Arinze童年很容易拿到纸。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据最后一段，Arinze说，他会从周围的一切中汲取灵感，自己用相机拍摄参考照片，但主要集中在人像上。由此可知，Arinze的绘画灵感来自他的真实生活。故选A。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段内容，直到2012年，他才开始探索超现实主义，并在一年后成为一名职业艺术家。他从来没有上过任何专业的艺术课程，他说自己能够制作的细节水平只是多年实践的结果，看看他神奇的艺术品，可以肯定地说，他已经在很短的时间里走了很长一段路。可推知Arinze在绘画方面进步很快。故选D。
C
【答案】28-31 DABC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。
28.词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“carbn emissins have been reduced by mre than 4%, many wildlife markets arund the wrld have been shuttered and air quality in sme places has slightly imprved”（碳排放量减少了4%以上，世界各地许多野生动物市场被关闭，一些地方的空气质量略有改善。）可知，新冠病毒的出现给环境带来了一线希望，所以envirnmental silver lining指的是新冠病毒对环境的好处。故选D。
29.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The masks lk like jellyfish — in ther wrds, fd — t turtles and ther wildlife creatures, thus, attractive t thse animals and then endangering them”（很多这样的口罩最后都掉进水里了。这种口罩看起来像水母，换句话说，是乌龟和其他野生动物的食物。因此，吸引了这些动物，然后又害了它们。）可知，有些海洋生物喜欢口罩，是因为它们很像海洋生物的食物。故选A。
30.细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，去年，Intercept网站的Sharn Lerner在接受采访时表示：绝大多数已经生产出来的塑料，79%最终都被扔进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧，没有被改造成新产品。因此，大部分塑料废品都被埋了或者烧掉了。故选B。
31.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But n the ther hand, plastic waste is being fund in every facet f life — even in the deepest cean.”（但另一方面，塑料垃圾正在生活的各个方面被发现，甚至在最深的海洋。）及全文内容可知，文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。所以选项C（冠状病毒造成了海洋更多的塑料）作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
D
【答案】32-35 BDCC
【解析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。
32.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，“金州杀手”是72岁的前警员Jseph James DeAngel。故选B。
33.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“GEDmatch’s 950,000 users vluntarily uplad and share their genetic infrmatin, making it accessible t thers wh share their wn data — including law enfrcement(执法).”可知，用户是自愿上传他们的基因数据的。故选D。
34.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The risks f keeping such sensitive data private are high. The ptential fr abuse exists; fr example, insurance cmpanies culd theretically use genetic data t refuse cverage(保险项目), Green says.”可知，保险公司可能会滥用客户的基因数据。故选C。
35.主旨大意。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
【答案】36-40 ECGFD
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在容器中种植有机西红柿。
36.上文提示：任何看过西红柿在菜园里生长的人都知道，它们往往特别大。E项（它们需要人们做大量的工作来保持可控性。）能够承接上文，且能够引起下文考虑在容器中种植西红柿时，首先要做的是找到合适的品种。故选E。
37.空格上句介绍的是西红柿的生长环境，喜欢热，但不喜欢干。C项（土壤干燥会降低果实产量。）能够承接上文，上文说西红柿不喜欢干燥的土壤，选项说明了不喜欢干燥的土壤的原因，故选C。
38.下文提示：不要用直接从菜园里挖的土。它对容器菜园来说太重了。用混合的土壤，无论是购买或混合自你的特殊配方，都可以。本段内容告诉我们如何选择种植西红柿的土壤。G项（任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。）符合段落主旨，告诉我们选择土壤时，任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。故选G。
39.下文提示：判断何时该浇水的最好方法是把手指伸进土壤里，如果头两英寸是干的，就应该浇水了。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿浇水。F项（西红柿不喜欢干，所以要经常浇水。）能够引起下文，故选F。
40.上文提示：一个月一次就好了。但每隔一周，以平常用量的一半施用肥料会更好。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿施肥。D项（这为西红柿植物提供了连续不断的营养。）能够承接上文，说明了这样做的原因，故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
【答案】41-45 DBACC46-50 ACDBB51-55 CBDAD56-60 BCAAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出一项研究将人们按照工作观念分为三种类型：以求职为目的、以事业为目的、以使命感为目的，而持不同观念的人都会或多或少影响到自己的下一代。
41.考查动词词义辨析。A. inviting：邀请；B. nursing：照顾；C. prtecting：保护；D. mdeling：模拟，模仿。结合文段的主题——家庭的遗传和继承，显然这里指我们通过模仿父母、以父母为榜样形成了一些性格特征。故选D项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。A. scene：场景，现场；B. sense：感觉，感官；C. right：权利；D. gift：礼物，天赋。这里举例说明性格特征，应该用sense f humr表示幽默感。故选B项。
43.考查名词词义辨析A. study：学习，研究；B. university：大学；C. academy：学院；D. classrm：教室。分析句子可知，这里的their应该指researchers，这一结论是从他们的研究中得出来的，要用study。故选A项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一种人是以求职为目的的，他们倾向于把工作仅视为一种赚钱的手段。A. attempt：企图，试图；B. manage：管理，设法；C. tend：趋向，照料；D. ffer：提供。这里进一步解释以求职为目的的人的特点，故选C项。
45.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. are suppsed：被期望，应该；B. are ppsed：反对；C. lk frward：期待；D. are linked：与……有关联。从该句中刻画出的“工作狂”形象不难推断，他们对工作是满怀期待的。故选C项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。A. view：观察，查看；B. think：认为；C. believe：相信；D. imagine：想象。与下一句的viewpint对应，这里指父亲的工作观念可能会影响子女产生相同的观念，也就是如何看待工作。故选A项。
47.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你是在工作狂母亲身边长大的话，可能就不会持这种观念了。A. frequently：频繁地；B. cnstantly：不断地；C. prbably：可能，或许；D. ptentially：潜在地。根据Hwever一词可知该句与前文形成转折，前句中就用到了may，这里也要用prbably，都表示一种推测。故选C项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二种人是以事业为目的的，他们会把工作看作获取成就的机会。A. explanatins：解释；B. expressins：表情；C. directins：指导，说明；D. achievements：成就。结合语境来看，第二种人事业心强，与后文的making prgress结合起来，应该指他们希望通过工作来取得进步、获得成就。故选D项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。A. addict：使上瘾；B. value：评估，重视；C. devte：奉献，致力于；D. cntribute：贡献，出力。从文段内容来看，第二种人把工作看得很重要，这里用value可以表示重视。故选B项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。A. club：俱乐部；B. ffice：办公室；C. cinema：电影院；D. pub：酒吧。这里凸显第二种人对工作的重视程度。故选B项。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。A. sad：伤心的；B. curius：好奇的；C. prud：骄傲的；D. afraid：害怕的。第二种人重视工作，当然也享受工作带来的成就感，所以会对工作中的进展产生正向积极的情绪。故选C项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：与一个以事业为目的的父亲亲近，意味着你会继承他的特点。A. equals：等同于；B. means：意味着；C. demands：要求；D. shws：表明。此处要用mean表示“意味着”，说明一种结果或影响。故选B项。
53.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，和这样的母亲相处似乎受不到什么影响。A. Wrriedly：担忧地；B. Surely：当然；C. Carefully：小心地；D. Strangely：奇怪地，奇妙地。根据句中little一词不难推断，这里要表达与前句相反的意思，父亲会影响子女，母亲却没有影响，这是比较让人奇怪、疑惑的。故选D项。
54.考查名词词义辨析。A. influence：影响；B. evidence：证据；C. justice：正义；D. perfrmance：表演。同样与前句对照，第二种类型的父亲会对子女的工作观念产生很大影响，这里转折的句意应当指母亲对子女的影响微乎其微。故选A项。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第三种人是以使命感为目的的，他们会认为自己的工作对整个世界都有积极的作用。A. negative：消极的；B. side：侧的；C. bad：坏的；D. psitive：积极的。既然是工作有使命感的人，一定会认为自己做的事情对世界有意义，有积极的影响。故选D项。
56.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. disappinted at：对……失望；B. cncerned abut：对……担心；C. puzzled at：对……迷惑；D. cnfused at：对……困惑。第三种人是使命感较强的人，他们对于大局、对于周围的世界会关注、担心得更多。故选B项。
57.考查动词词义辨析。A. paying：付款；B. raising：抬起，举起；C. earning：挣钱；D. making：制作。这里搭配的宾语是a large salary，要表现第三种人的使命感，应该指他们对挣大钱不是很在意。故选C项。
58.考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：这些人通常来自于父母能力都比较强的家庭。A. where：关系副词，作状语；B. whse：关系代词，作定语；C. which：关系代词，作主、宾语；D. that：关系代词，作主、宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格处前后句成分都完整，考虑定语从句，应当把先行词hmes视为后句的地点状语，此时要用关系副词where。故选A项。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这表明青少年们需要父母的支持才能获得自信。A. suggests：建议，表明；B. insists：坚持；C. recmmends：推荐；D. cnvinces：使信服。分析句子可知，空格后的句子就是从前文中得出的一个结论，主语This指代的就是前句描述的事实，应该用suggest表示“表明，暗示”。故选A项。
60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：好消息是，我们仍然可以自己选择找到一份适合自己的工作。A. advice：建议；B. difference：差异；C. change：改变；D. chice：选择。文章中讲的全都是父母的事业性格类型对子女的影响，最后话锋一转，要表达每人也有自行选择事业的权利。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
61. is62. has made/has been making63. passengers64. included65. when
66. than67. Why68. having69. eventually70. its
【解析】本文是一篇科普文。文章向我们解答了飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的疑惑。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但为什么飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的这个问题还是很有趣的。主语为the questin，且是在陈述事实。故填is。
62.考查时态。句意：多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术方面取得了巨大的进步。时间状语ver the years可知，用现在完成时。航天事业在飞机技术上取得的进步可以是已经实现的，也可以理解为一直持续进行的，所以也可用现在完成进行时。故填has made/has been making。
63.考查名词的数。句意：这意味着飞机可以搭载更多的乘客，速度更快。根据文中的mre可知，应使用名词复数。故填passengers。
64.考查非谓语动词。名词the windws与动词include是被动关系，所以用动词过去式作后置定语。故填included。
65.考查定语从句。句意：喷气式飞机曾一度成为主流，哈维兰彗星也开始流行起来。句中先行词为time，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
66.考查介词。句意：由于有一个增压舱，它能够比其他飞机飞得更高更快。根据句中的形容词比较级higher和faster，所以是it和ther aircrafts的比较。故填than。
67.考查疑问副词。句意：飞机为什么会坠毁？根据空后一句可知，这个问句是在询问坠机的原因。故填Why。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：有四个角的窗户有四个潜在的弱点，这使得它们在压力下，比如气压下，很可能会破裂。名词Windws与动词have是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填having。
69.考查副词。句意：通过弯曲窗户，最终会使窗户角落破裂的应力得到分布，从而降低窗户破裂的可能性。动词crack前用副词修饰。故填eventually。
70.考查代词。修饰名词breaking，前it要改为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
【答案】
1.第一句，It改为There
2.第二句，Therefre改为Hwever
3.第二句，caused改为causes
4.第四句，Heard改为Hearing
5.第四句，bird改为birds
6.第五句，bad改为badly
7.第六句，a改为the
8.第六句，decide改为decided
9.第八句，去掉back
10.第九句，在frm后加being
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者救了一只受伤的鸟并呼吁大家保护鸟类。
1.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。固定句型There is n dubt that：毫无疑问……。故将It改为There。
2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被杀作为食物，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。前句与本句是转折关系。故将Therefre改为Hwever。
3.考查动词时态。根据时间词every year说明这是一个现存的事实现象，所以用一般现在时。非限定性定语从句，指代前面的一件事，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故将caused改为causes。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：一听到枪声，树上的鸟儿就四散奔逃。逻辑主语the birds和动词hear是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故将Heard改为Hearing。
5.考查名词的数。根据句中in all directins可知不止一只鸟，所以用名词复数。故将bird改为birds。
6.考查副词修饰动词，用副词形式。故将bad改为badly。
7.考查冠词。这只鸟是特指的那只受伤的鸟，所以用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
8.考查动词时态。根据前句的“was”和“lked”可知应用过去时，故decide改为decided。
9.考查固定短语。动词return就是“归还”的意思，固定短语return sth t sb=give sth back t sb：把某物还给某人。故将back删去。
10.考查非谓语动词。名词birds与动词kill是被动关系，且固定短语prtect sb frm ding sth：保护某人不做某事。故在frm后添加being。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
【范文】
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student. I am writing t draw yur attentin t the imprper behavirs amng students in the reading rms f the schl library: making t much nise and littering. As yu knw, it is difficult fr readers t fcus while sme students are talking t each ther r making phne calls. Besides, a nisy and dirty envirnment is nt nly bad fr ur health but als has a negative effect n ur studying.
Therefre, in my pinin, sme measures shuld be taken t slve these prblems. First, put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs. Secnd, ask all the students t pick up their rubbish when they leave.
Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给图书馆馆长Mr. Smith写一封信，说明图书馆阅览室中存在的不当行为并提出合理的建议。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组/句型）
draw ne’s attentin t...；make t much nise；it is difficult fr sb. t d sth.；put up；pick up
第三步：连词成句
1. A nisy and dirty envirnment is nt nly bad fr ur health but als has a negative effect n ur studying.
2. Put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs.
3. Ask all the students t pick up their rubbish when they leave.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First，Secnd
2.表并列补充关系：Besides，Nt als...，and
3.表因果关系：Therefre
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【名师点睛】
As yu knw, it is difficult fr readers t fcus while sme students are talking t each ther r making phne calls.（由while引导的时间状语从句）
First, put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There are campus museums all ver China that ffer varius cllectins and make fr eye-pening visits.
Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University
Admissin: free
Opening hurs: Tuesday and Saturday, 9:00 am-12:00 pm
Highlights: Included amng the mre than 300 histric aircraft and space artifacts are ne f the tw Nrthrp P-61 Black Widws in the wrld and China’s first light airliner, Beijing 1.
Fudan University Museum
Admissin: free
Opening hurs: Tuesday t Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:30 pm
Highlights: A unique cllectin f native artifacts frm the Gashan abrigines in Taiwan. Sme f them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen even in Taiwan.
China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University
Admissin: 10 yuan
Opening hurs: Mnday t Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:00 pm
Highlights: In this cllectin f mre than 40,000 specimens f abut 3,000 cean-dwelling species, the mst eye-catching ne is an 18.4-meter-lng sperm whale skeletn.
Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences
Admissin: 40 yuan; half price fr students
Opening hurs: Mnday t Friday, 8:30 am-12:00 pm and 2:30 pm-5:00 pm; weekends and hlidays, 9:00 am-4:30 pm
Highlights: It huses a cllectin f mre than 30,000 mineral and rck specimens, mre than 2,000 f which are rare nes like the museum’s well-knwn dinsaur fssils.
China Academy Museum at Hunan University
Admissin: 50 yuan
Opening hurs: Mnday t Sunday, 8:00 am-6:30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter
Highlights: China’s nly museum t feature the histry f academies and cultural educatin in the cuntry.
21. Which museum will yu chse if yu’re interested in sea species?
A. China Academy Museum at Hunan University.
B. Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences.
C. Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.
D. China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.
22. What can yu see in Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences?
A. Space artifacts.B. Dinsaur fssils.
C. Native artifacts.D. Sperm whale skeletns.
23. When can yu g t China Academy Museum at Hunan University?
A. On Tuesday 6:00 pm in winter.
B. On Saturday 8:00 am in winter.
C. On Sunday 6:30 pm in summer.
D. On Wednesday 8:00 am in summer.
B
Arinze Stanley is a talented yung Nigerian artist whse wrks ften leave peple asking themselves if they’re lking at a pencil drawing r a high-definitin black and white phtgraph. Yes, his drawing skills are that gd!
Arinze’s interest in art, drawing in particular, was started at a yung age, primarily by the fact that he was always surrunded by paper. His family ran a paper cmpany, s he wuld ften kill time by grabbing a piece f paper and trying his hand at drawing. But he nly started explring hyper-realism in 2012, and became a prfessinal artist a year later. He has never taken any prfessinal art classes, and says that the level f detail he is able t prduce is nly the result f years f practice, Lking at his fantastic artwrks, it's safe t say that he has cme a lng way in very little time.
“I’ve gt a mtt I wrk with and that’s‘Practice, Patience, and Persistence’,” Arinze said. “Cnstant practice makes me better at what I d but it will nt have been pssible withut persistence and patience, as it takes ver 200 hurs t cmplete a drawing and I nly have time t wrk during the night due t my busy schedule at wrk during the day.”
Arinze says that he takes inspiratin fr his artwrks frm everything arund him and takes reference phts himself using a camera, but fcuses primarily n prtraits. He acknwledges that he ften ends up staring at peple’s feces uncnsciusly, and adds that being a prtrait artist has made him appreciate the varieties f human facial structures and details.
24. What des the authr think f Arinze’s wrks?
A. They are cntradictry.
B. They are cntrversial.
C. They are quite true t life.
D. They make the audience less cnfident.
25. What can we knw abut Arinze’s childhd frm the text?
A. He used t take art classes.
B. He had easy access t paper.
C. He was interested in paper flding.
D. He was able t take amazing phts.
26. Where are Arinze’s ideas fr his drawings frm?
A. His real life.B. Art bks.
C. Masters’ drawings.D. His wild imaginatin.
27. Accrding t the text, Arinze _______.
A. is still an amateur artist
B. draws extremely quickly
C. is brn t be detail-fcused
D. has prgressed quickly in drawing
C
There is an “envirnmental silver lining” as a result f the crnavirus(冠状病毒) — carbn emissins have been reduced by mre than 4%, many wildlife markets arund the wrld have been shuttered and air quality in sme places has slightly imprved, Dave Frd, funder f the envirnmental literacy rganizatin SulBuffal, says.
But thanks t an increase in pandemic-related, nn-recyclable materials such as take-ut plastic cntainers and masks, 30% mre waste has entered ur ceans, he ntes. “There’s 129 billin facemasks being made every mnth — enugh that yu culd cver the entire cuntry f Switzerland with facemasks at the end f this year if trends cntinue,” he says. “And a lt f these masks are ending up in the water.” The masks lk like jellyfish — in ther wrds, fd — t turtles and ther wildlife creatures, thus, attractive t thse animals and then endangering them, he says.
Very little f the plastic we use is actually recyclable. Sharn Lerner f The Intercept tld Here & Nw last year that “the vast majrity f plastic that has ever been prduced — 79% — has actually ended up in landfills r burned, but nt refashined int new prducts”. Even if the plastics we have can be reused, Frd says recycling prgrams acrss the glbe are facing drastic budget cuts.
“We’re starting t see recycling prgrams shuttered, waste picking cmmunities perating at 50% r actually shutting dwn. They are the last line f defense between plastic and the envirnment,” he says.
Last year, Unilever planned t cut its use f nn-recycled plastics in half by 2025. In an interview with Here & Nw, Richard Slater, Unilever’s chief research and develpment fficer, drew n the industry argument that plastic packaging is lighter, which means less shipping and therefre fewer dangerus emissins that cause climate change.
Yes, plastics are lightweight and can cut dwn n fuel spending. But n the ther hand, plastic waste is being fund in every facet f life—even in the deepest cean.
28. What des “envirnmental silver lining” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A. An envirnmental rganizatin.
B. The clsure f sme wildlife markets.
C. The decrease f carbn dixide emissins.
D. Benefits n envirnment frm the crnavirus.
29. Why are facemasks appealing t sme sea creatures?
A. They resemble the sea creatures’ fd.
B. They cntain certain unique chemicals.
C. Many sea creatures like t chase plastic by nature.
D. There is a cntinuus shrtage f fd in the cean.
30. What can we learn abut the plastic waste?
A. Mst f it is recycled int new prducts.
B. The majrity f it is buried r burned.
C. 129 billin facemasks end up in the cean.
D. There is enugh budget fr plastic recycling.
31. Which f the fllwing might be the best title fr the text?
A. Plastic can cut dwn fuel spending
B. Recycling prgrams are shutting dwn
C. The crnavirus has caused mre cean plastic
D. Slutins t cean plastic pllutin are being explred
D
Plice recently caught the suspected Glden State Killer using a tl they culd nly have dreamed f decades ag, when a shcking series f murders shk Califrnia: a database filled with peple’s genetic data(基因数据).
Plice used an pen-surce database called GEDmatch t find relatives wh matched genetic material taken frm an ld crime scene, then wrked backward t identify and catch 72-year-ld frmer plice fficer Jseph James DeAngel.
GEDmatch’s 950,000 users vluntarily uplad and share their genetic infrmatin, making it accessible t thers wh share their wn data — including law enfrcement(执法). Mre than a dzen ther similar platfrms als exist. “If yur relatives have cntributed and yu are part f even a family tree that appears nline in ne f these shared resurces, yu can be indirectly tracked thrugh the cmbinatin f their DNA and the publicly available family histry,” says Dr. Rbert Green, a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical Schl.
Data sent t cmmercial cmpanies like 23andMe, which has ver 5 millin custmers, is much tugher fr utsiders t access, but the case has still highlighted the issue f genetic privacy.
Althugh many genetic-testing cmpanies have been asked t cperate with legal investigatins(调查), and clearly warn custmers f this pssibility, nt all requests are hnred. “23andMe has never given custmer infrmatin t law-enfrcement fficials,” a cmpany representative tld TIME.
The risks f keeping such sensitive data private are high. The ptential fr abuse exists; fr example, insurance cmpanies culd theretically use genetic data t refuse cverage(保险项目), Green says. But the systems in place t prevent misuse appear t be wrking. One is the Genetic Infrmatin Nndiscriminatin Act, a 2008 law that prtects cnsumers frm emplyment and insurance discriminatin related t genetics. As lng as that’s the case, Green says, the gd f genetic tests utweighs the bad.
Sharn Zehe, a lawyer fr the department f labratry medicine and pathlgy at the May Clinic, takes a mre cautius apprach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure yu are using a reputable rganizatin that has strng privacy plicies in place,” she says. “Genetic data is bilgically as imprtant as a fingerprint.”
32. Wh is the Glden State Killer?
A. Rbert Green.B. Jseph James De Angel.
C. The authr.D. Sharn Zehe.
33. What drives the users t uplad their genetic data?
A. The Plice’s frce.B. Their relatives’ advice.
C. The bss’s rder.D. Their wn willingness.
34. Wh might misuse custmers’ genetic data?
A. The plice.B. GEDmatch.
C. Insurance cmpanies.D. 23andMe.
35. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Genetic data is equal t a fingerprint.
B. A 72-year-ld killer was put int prisn.
C. Murders causes cncern fr genetic privacy.
D. Genetic infrmatin is shared n the Internet.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Grw Organic Tmates in a Cntainer
Anyne wh has seen tmates grwing in a garden knws that they tend t be huge plants. 36 S the first thing t d when cnsidering grwing tmates in a pt is t find a suitable variety.
After yu find the perfect plant, it is time t plant it. In general, plastic r fiberglass pts are best fr grwing tmates. They dn’t dry ut quickly. While tmates lve heat, they dn’t like being dry. 37 Besides, tmates need t grw in a reasnably large pt. A pt must be 8 inches deep. That’s the abslute minimum. A 12- r 16-inch pt is even better.
38 Dn’t use sil dug directly frm the garden. It is t heavy fr cntainer gardens. Cmpst(混合的) based sil, whether purchased r mixed frm yur special recipe, is nice. When planting the tmat, put sme sil in the bttm f the pt and set the plant in. After yu have the plant set at the prper level, fill in arund it with sil. The sil shuld g up t abut an inch belw the rim(边缘) f the pt t allw rm fr watering.
39 The best way t tell when t water is t stick yur finger int the sil — if the first tw inches are dry, it’s time t water.
The trickiest thing abut grwing tmates in a pt is that they are heavy feeders. Every time yu water, yu wash nutrients ut f the sil. S fertilize(施肥) regularly. Once a mnth is gd. But every ther week, applying the fertilizer at half-strength is better. 40
A. That’s why clay pts are ppular.
B. Instead, use whatever sil yu can get.
C. And dry sil can reduce fruit prductin.
D. This prvides cnstant nutrients fr the tmat plants.
E. They require peple’s much wrk t stay manageable.
F. Tmates dn’t like being dry, s water them regularly.
G. Any gd quality rganic ptting sil wrks fr tmates.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many f us have characteristics cming frm ur families. Maybe we have ur father’s eyes r grandmther’s hair clr. But there are still ther elements f ur persnalities picked up by 41 ur parents, such as ur mther’s lve f cleaning r ur dad’s 42 f humr.
Researchers learn there are usually three kinds f peple frm their 43 .
The first kind f peple are the jb-riented(以求职为目的的) wh 44 t regard a jb as simply a way t make mney. They 45 t wrking day after day and dn’t think it interesting fr them t d anything else. If yu have a jb-riented father, yu may 46 wrk this way. Hwever, yu’ll nt 47 hld the viewpint if yu grw up clse t yur jb-riented mther.
The secnd are the career-riented wh see their jbs as a place t gain 48 . They dn’t mind wrking vertime. In fact, sme 49 their jbs s much that they are feeling mre cmfrtable in the 50 than at hme. They are always 51 f making prgress in their wrk. Being clse t a career-riented father 52 yu’ll carry n yur father’s. 53 enugh, having a mther with this viewpint seems t have little 54 .
The third are the calling-riented wh cnsider their jbs as a way t have a 55 effect n the wrld. They are mre 56 imprving the wrld arund them than 57 a large salary. These peple usually cme frm hmes 58 bth parents have abilities. This 59 that adlescents need the supprt f bth parents in rder t have the cnfidence.
The gd news is — we still have ur 60 t find a career that suits us.
41. A. invitingB. nursingC. prtectingD. mdeling
42. A. sceneB. senseC. rightD. gift
43. A. studyB. universityC. academyD. classrm
44. A. attemptB. manageC. tendD. ffer
45. A. are suppsedB. are ppsedC. lk frwardD. are linked
46. A. viewB. thinkC. believeD. imagine
47. A. frequentlyB. cnstantlyC. prbablyD. ptentially
48. A. explanatinsB. expressinsC. directinsD. achievements
49. A. addictB. valueC. devteD. cntribute
50. A. clubB. fficeC. cinemaD. pub
51. A. sadB. curiusC. prudD. afraid
52. A. equalsB. meansC. demandsD. shws
53. A. WrriedlyB. SurelyC. CarefullyD. Strangely
54. A. influenceB. evidenceC. justiceD. perfrmance
55. A. negativeB. sideC. badD. psitive
56. A. disappinted atB. cncerned abutC. puzzled atD. cnfused at
57. A. payingB. raisingC. earningD. making
58. A. whereB. whseC. whichD. that
59. A. suggestsB. insistsC. recmmendsD. cnvinces
60. A. adviceB. differenceC. changeD. chice
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While nt everyne will have been deep in thught abut the subject while staring ut f the windw during a flight, the questin as t why aerplanes have circular windws rather than square nes 61 (be) interesting. Over the years, aerspace engineering 62 (make) great advances in aerplane technlgy, meaning planes can carry mre 63 (passenger) and g faster. The planes have als changed shape and many ther things t increase safety, the windws 64 (include). There was a time 65 jets became the mainstream, and the De Havilland Cmet came int fashin. With a pressurized cabin(加压舱), it was able t g higher and faster 66 ther aircrafts.
Hwever, the plane had square windws and in 1953 tw planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 peple in ttal. 67 did the plane crash? As fr the windws, where there’s a crner, there’s a weak spt. Windws, 68 (have) fur crners have fur ptential weak spts, making them likely t crash under stress, like air pressure. By curving the windw, the stress that wuld 69 (eventual) crack the windw crner is distributed and the likelihd f 70 (it) breaking is reduced.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It is n dubt that birds are ur friends. Therefre, a large number f birds are killed fr fd every year, which really caused mre and mre peple t be wrried. The ther day I was walking in the wds when a sht was heard. Heard the sht, the bird in the trees flew in all directins. A bird was bad injured and lked sad. Finding a bird injured, I decide t take it hme. At hme I tk gd care f it. When it recvered, I returned it back t the wds. I hpe smething can be dne t prtect birds frm killed.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现你校图书馆阅览室中存在高声喧哗和乱丢垃圾的现象，请用英语给馆长Mr. Smith写一封信。要点如下：
1.说明写信的目的；
2.提出合理的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student.
Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
2020-2021学年高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （四）答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【答案】21-23 DBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。中国各地都有校园博物馆提供各种各样的收藏品，让人大开眼界。文章主要介绍了五个校园博物馆门票、开放时间以及各自亮点等。
21.细节理解题。由China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分“In this cllectin f mre than 40,000 specimens f abut 3,000 cean-dwelling species, the mst eye-catching ne is an 18.4-meter-lng sperm whale skeletn.”可知，如果你对海洋生物感兴趣，你可以去上海海洋大学中国鱼文化博物馆，故选D。
22.细节理解题。由Yifu Museum f China University f Gesciences部分“It huses a cllectin f mre than 30,000 mineral and rck specimens, mre than 2,000 f which are rare nes like the museum’s well-knwn dinsaur fssils.”可知，在中国地质大学逸夫博物馆可以看到恐龙化石。故选B。
23.细节理解题。由China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分“Opening hurs: Mnday t Sunday, 8:00 am-6: 30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter”可知，选项D符合题意。
B
【答案】24-27 CBAD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼日利亚艺术家Arinze Stanley绘画非常逼真，介绍了Arinze开始从事绘画的个人经历以及他对于绘画的一些看法。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Arinze Stanley是一位才华横溢的年轻尼日利亚艺术家，他的作品经常让人们问自己：看到的是铅笔画还是高清黑白照片？是的，他的绘画技巧就是有那么好！因此作者认为Arinze的作品非常逼真。故选C。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Arinze对艺术的兴趣，尤其是对绘画的兴趣，在很小的时候就开始了，主要是因为他总是被纸包围着。他的家族经营着一家纸业公司，所以他经常拿起一张纸，试着画画来消磨时间。由此可知Arinze童年很容易拿到纸。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据最后一段，Arinze说，他会从周围的一切中汲取灵感，自己用相机拍摄参考照片，但主要集中在人像上。由此可知，Arinze的绘画灵感来自他的真实生活。故选A。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段内容，直到2012年，他才开始探索超现实主义，并在一年后成为一名职业艺术家。他从来没有上过任何专业的艺术课程，他说自己能够制作的细节水平只是多年实践的结果，看看他神奇的艺术品，可以肯定地说，他已经在很短的时间里走了很长一段路。可推知Arinze在绘画方面进步很快。故选D。
C
【答案】28-31 DABC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。
28.词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“carbn emissins have been reduced by mre than 4%, many wildlife markets arund the wrld have been shuttered and air quality in sme places has slightly imprved”（碳排放量减少了4%以上，世界各地许多野生动物市场被关闭，一些地方的空气质量略有改善。）可知，新冠病毒的出现给环境带来了一线希望，所以envirnmental silver lining指的是新冠病毒对环境的好处。故选D。
29.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The masks lk like jellyfish — in ther wrds, fd — t turtles and ther wildlife creatures, thus, attractive t thse animals and then endangering them”（很多这样的口罩最后都掉进水里了。这种口罩看起来像水母，换句话说，是乌龟和其他野生动物的食物。因此，吸引了这些动物，然后又害了它们。）可知，有些海洋生物喜欢口罩，是因为它们很像海洋生物的食物。故选A。
30.细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，去年，Intercept网站的Sharn Lerner在接受采访时表示：绝大多数已经生产出来的塑料，79%最终都被扔进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧，没有被改造成新产品。因此，大部分塑料废品都被埋了或者烧掉了。故选B。
31.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But n the ther hand, plastic waste is being fund in every facet f life — even in the deepest cean.”（但另一方面，塑料垃圾正在生活的各个方面被发现，甚至在最深的海洋。）及全文内容可知，文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。所以选项C（冠状病毒造成了海洋更多的塑料）作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
D
【答案】32-35 BDCC
【解析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。
32.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，“金州杀手”是72岁的前警员Jseph James DeAngel。故选B。
33.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“GEDmatch’s 950,000 users vluntarily uplad and share their genetic infrmatin, making it accessible t thers wh share their wn data — including law enfrcement(执法).”可知，用户是自愿上传他们的基因数据的。故选D。
34.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The risks f keeping such sensitive data private are high. The ptential fr abuse exists; fr example, insurance cmpanies culd theretically use genetic data t refuse cverage(保险项目), Green says.”可知，保险公司可能会滥用客户的基因数据。故选C。
35.主旨大意。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
【答案】36-40 ECGFD
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在容器中种植有机西红柿。
36.上文提示：任何看过西红柿在菜园里生长的人都知道，它们往往特别大。E项（它们需要人们做大量的工作来保持可控性。）能够承接上文，且能够引起下文考虑在容器中种植西红柿时，首先要做的是找到合适的品种。故选E。
37.空格上句介绍的是西红柿的生长环境，喜欢热，但不喜欢干。C项（土壤干燥会降低果实产量。）能够承接上文，上文说西红柿不喜欢干燥的土壤，选项说明了不喜欢干燥的土壤的原因，故选C。
38.下文提示：不要用直接从菜园里挖的土。它对容器菜园来说太重了。用混合的土壤，无论是购买或混合自你的特殊配方，都可以。本段内容告诉我们如何选择种植西红柿的土壤。G项（任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。）符合段落主旨，告诉我们选择土壤时，任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。故选G。
39.下文提示：判断何时该浇水的最好方法是把手指伸进土壤里，如果头两英寸是干的，就应该浇水了。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿浇水。F项（西红柿不喜欢干，所以要经常浇水。）能够引起下文，故选F。
40.上文提示：一个月一次就好了。但每隔一周，以平常用量的一半施用肥料会更好。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿施肥。D项（这为西红柿植物提供了连续不断的营养。）能够承接上文，说明了这样做的原因，故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
【答案】41-45 DBACC46-50 ACDBB51-55 CBDAD56-60 BCAAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出一项研究将人们按照工作观念分为三种类型：以求职为目的、以事业为目的、以使命感为目的，而持不同观念的人都会或多或少影响到自己的下一代。
41.考查动词词义辨析。A. inviting：邀请；B. nursing：照顾；C. prtecting：保护；D. mdeling：模拟，模仿。结合文段的主题——家庭的遗传和继承，显然这里指我们通过模仿父母、以父母为榜样形成了一些性格特征。故选D项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。A. scene：场景，现场；B. sense：感觉，感官；C. right：权利；D. gift：礼物，天赋。这里举例说明性格特征，应该用sense f humr表示幽默感。故选B项。
43.考查名词词义辨析A. study：学习，研究；B. university：大学；C. academy：学院；D. classrm：教室。分析句子可知，这里的their应该指researchers，这一结论是从他们的研究中得出来的，要用study。故选A项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一种人是以求职为目的的，他们倾向于把工作仅视为一种赚钱的手段。A. attempt：企图，试图；B. manage：管理，设法；C. tend：趋向，照料；D. ffer：提供。这里进一步解释以求职为目的的人的特点，故选C项。
45.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. are suppsed：被期望，应该；B. are ppsed：反对；C. lk frward：期待；D. are linked：与……有关联。从该句中刻画出的“工作狂”形象不难推断，他们对工作是满怀期待的。故选C项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。A. view：观察，查看；B. think：认为；C. believe：相信；D. imagine：想象。与下一句的viewpint对应，这里指父亲的工作观念可能会影响子女产生相同的观念，也就是如何看待工作。故选A项。
47.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你是在工作狂母亲身边长大的话，可能就不会持这种观念了。A. frequently：频繁地；B. cnstantly：不断地；C. prbably：可能，或许；D. ptentially：潜在地。根据Hwever一词可知该句与前文形成转折，前句中就用到了may，这里也要用prbably，都表示一种推测。故选C项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二种人是以事业为目的的，他们会把工作看作获取成就的机会。A. explanatins：解释；B. expressins：表情；C. directins：指导，说明；D. achievements：成就。结合语境来看，第二种人事业心强，与后文的making prgress结合起来，应该指他们希望通过工作来取得进步、获得成就。故选D项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。A. addict：使上瘾；B. value：评估，重视；C. devte：奉献，致力于；D. cntribute：贡献，出力。从文段内容来看，第二种人把工作看得很重要，这里用value可以表示重视。故选B项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。A. club：俱乐部；B. ffice：办公室；C. cinema：电影院；D. pub：酒吧。这里凸显第二种人对工作的重视程度。故选B项。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。A. sad：伤心的；B. curius：好奇的；C. prud：骄傲的；D. afraid：害怕的。第二种人重视工作，当然也享受工作带来的成就感，所以会对工作中的进展产生正向积极的情绪。故选C项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：与一个以事业为目的的父亲亲近，意味着你会继承他的特点。A. equals：等同于；B. means：意味着；C. demands：要求；D. shws：表明。此处要用mean表示“意味着”，说明一种结果或影响。故选B项。
53.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，和这样的母亲相处似乎受不到什么影响。A. Wrriedly：担忧地；B. Surely：当然；C. Carefully：小心地；D. Strangely：奇怪地，奇妙地。根据句中little一词不难推断，这里要表达与前句相反的意思，父亲会影响子女，母亲却没有影响，这是比较让人奇怪、疑惑的。故选D项。
54.考查名词词义辨析。A. influence：影响；B. evidence：证据；C. justice：正义；D. perfrmance：表演。同样与前句对照，第二种类型的父亲会对子女的工作观念产生很大影响，这里转折的句意应当指母亲对子女的影响微乎其微。故选A项。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第三种人是以使命感为目的的，他们会认为自己的工作对整个世界都有积极的作用。A. negative：消极的；B. side：侧的；C. bad：坏的；D. psitive：积极的。既然是工作有使命感的人，一定会认为自己做的事情对世界有意义，有积极的影响。故选D项。
56.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. disappinted at：对……失望；B. cncerned abut：对……担心；C. puzzled at：对……迷惑；D. cnfused at：对……困惑。第三种人是使命感较强的人，他们对于大局、对于周围的世界会关注、担心得更多。故选B项。
57.考查动词词义辨析。A. paying：付款；B. raising：抬起，举起；C. earning：挣钱；D. making：制作。这里搭配的宾语是a large salary，要表现第三种人的使命感，应该指他们对挣大钱不是很在意。故选C项。
58.考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：这些人通常来自于父母能力都比较强的家庭。A. where：关系副词，作状语；B. whse：关系代词，作定语；C. which：关系代词，作主、宾语；D. that：关系代词，作主、宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格处前后句成分都完整，考虑定语从句，应当把先行词hmes视为后句的地点状语，此时要用关系副词where。故选A项。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这表明青少年们需要父母的支持才能获得自信。A. suggests：建议，表明；B. insists：坚持；C. recmmends：推荐；D. cnvinces：使信服。分析句子可知，空格后的句子就是从前文中得出的一个结论，主语This指代的就是前句描述的事实，应该用suggest表示“表明，暗示”。故选A项。
60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：好消息是，我们仍然可以自己选择找到一份适合自己的工作。A. advice：建议；B. difference：差异；C. change：改变；D. chice：选择。文章中讲的全都是父母的事业性格类型对子女的影响，最后话锋一转，要表达每人也有自行选择事业的权利。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
61. is62. has made/has been making63. passengers64. included65. when
66. than67. Why68. having69. eventually70. its
【解析】本文是一篇科普文。文章向我们解答了飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的疑惑。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但为什么飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的这个问题还是很有趣的。主语为the questin，且是在陈述事实。故填is。
62.考查时态。句意：多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术方面取得了巨大的进步。时间状语ver the years可知，用现在完成时。航天事业在飞机技术上取得的进步可以是已经实现的，也可以理解为一直持续进行的，所以也可用现在完成进行时。故填has made/has been making。
63.考查名词的数。句意：这意味着飞机可以搭载更多的乘客，速度更快。根据文中的mre可知，应使用名词复数。故填passengers。
64.考查非谓语动词。名词the windws与动词include是被动关系，所以用动词过去式作后置定语。故填included。
65.考查定语从句。句意：喷气式飞机曾一度成为主流，哈维兰彗星也开始流行起来。句中先行词为time，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
66.考查介词。句意：由于有一个增压舱，它能够比其他飞机飞得更高更快。根据句中的形容词比较级higher和faster，所以是it和ther aircrafts的比较。故填than。
67.考查疑问副词。句意：飞机为什么会坠毁？根据空后一句可知，这个问句是在询问坠机的原因。故填Why。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：有四个角的窗户有四个潜在的弱点，这使得它们在压力下，比如气压下，很可能会破裂。名词Windws与动词have是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填having。
69.考查副词。句意：通过弯曲窗户，最终会使窗户角落破裂的应力得到分布，从而降低窗户破裂的可能性。动词crack前用副词修饰。故填eventually。
70.考查代词。修饰名词breaking，前it要改为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
【答案】
1.第一句，It改为There
2.第二句，Therefre改为Hwever
3.第二句，caused改为causes
4.第四句，Heard改为Hearing
5.第四句，bird改为birds
6.第五句，bad改为badly
7.第六句，a改为the
8.第六句，decide改为decided
9.第八句，去掉back
10.第九句，在frm后加being
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者救了一只受伤的鸟并呼吁大家保护鸟类。
1.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。固定句型There is n dubt that：毫无疑问……。故将It改为There。
2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被杀作为食物，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。前句与本句是转折关系。故将Therefre改为Hwever。
3.考查动词时态。根据时间词every year说明这是一个现存的事实现象，所以用一般现在时。非限定性定语从句，指代前面的一件事，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故将caused改为causes。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：一听到枪声，树上的鸟儿就四散奔逃。逻辑主语the birds和动词hear是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故将Heard改为Hearing。
5.考查名词的数。根据句中in all directins可知不止一只鸟，所以用名词复数。故将bird改为birds。
6.考查副词修饰动词，用副词形式。故将bad改为badly。
7.考查冠词。这只鸟是特指的那只受伤的鸟，所以用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
8.考查动词时态。根据前句的“was”和“lked”可知应用过去时，故decide改为decided。
9.考查固定短语。动词return就是“归还”的意思，固定短语return sth t sb=give sth back t sb：把某物还给某人。故将back删去。
10.考查非谓语动词。名词birds与动词kill是被动关系，且固定短语prtect sb frm ding sth：保护某人不做某事。故在frm后添加being。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
【范文】
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student. I am writing t draw yur attentin t the imprper behavirs amng students in the reading rms f the schl library: making t much nise and littering. As yu knw, it is difficult fr readers t fcus while sme students are talking t each ther r making phne calls. Besides, a nisy and dirty envirnment is nt nly bad fr ur health but als has a negative effect n ur studying.
Therefre, in my pinin, sme measures shuld be taken t slve these prblems. First, put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs. Secnd, ask all the students t pick up their rubbish when they leave.
Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给图书馆馆长Mr. Smith写一封信，说明图书馆阅览室中存在的不当行为并提出合理的建议。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组/句型）
draw ne’s attentin t...；make t much nise；it is difficult fr sb. t d sth.；put up；pick up
第三步：连词成句
1. A nisy and dirty envirnment is nt nly bad fr ur health but als has a negative effect n ur studying.
2. Put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs.
3. Ask all the students t pick up their rubbish when they leave.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First，Secnd
2.表并列补充关系：Besides，Nt als...，and
3.表因果关系：Therefre
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【名师点睛】
As yu knw, it is difficult fr readers t fcus while sme students are talking t each ther r making phne calls.（由while引导的时间状语从句）
First, put up sme signs that frbid such imprper behavirs.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）
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