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    高中英语课时讲练通配套课件:Unit4《Earthquakes》Period 3(新人教版必修1)

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    人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes教课ppt课件

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    这是一份人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes教课ppt课件,共54页。PPT课件主要包含了whose的用法 等内容,欢迎下载使用。
      上面各句都含有一个关系代词引导的 定语 从句。其中下划波浪线的部分是从句的 先行词 ,黑斜体是 关系代词 ,又被称作从句的 引导词 。这些词又可分为指人的(包括: wh/whm/that/whse)和指物的(包括: that/which/whse)。
    6. Whenever I met her, ______ was fairly ften, she greeted me with a sweet smile.                  [2009山东高考]A. wh   B. which   C. when   D. that【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:无论我什么时候遇到她,她总是带着甜美的微笑跟我打招呼。本句为非限制性定语从句。用来解释说明整个句子,故用关系代词which。
    关系词包括关系代词和关系副词:关系代词:that, which, wh, whm, whse, as关系副词:when, where, why, hw
    主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整;从句紧靠先行词,关系词引导要分清;物用which人用wh, 人物that有本领;从名少定用whse, 关代作宾常可省;限制非限制两种,逗号常是分水岭。
           1. 上海世博园开园第一周就迎来过百万游客。The number f peple that cme t visit Shanghai Exp park in the first week reaches mre than ne millin. 分析:先行词 peple 在从句中作主语 。
    2. The magazine (that/which) I bught yesterday is lst. 分析:先行词magazine 在从句中作宾语。译成汉语:昨天我买的那本杂志丢了。
    3. All ___can be dne has been dne. A. what   B. that   C. which   D. whm【解析】选B。考查关系代词的选择。先行词all 是不定代词,且指物,关系代词一般用that。
    4. The mst imprtant thing ___ we shuld pay attentin t is the first thing ___ I have said. A. that; which      B. which; thatC. which; which      D. that; that【解析】选D。第一个先行词thing 前有最高级mst; 第二个先行词thing 前有序数词first,所以都只能用that, 不用which。
    5. Can yu remember the scientist and his thery___ we have learned? A. wh   B. which   C. that   D. whm【解析】选C。句中先行词为the scientist and his thery ,既指人又指物,关系代词用that。
    6. D yu still remember the chicken farm ___ we visited three mnths ag?                 [2011临沂高一检测]A. where   B. when   C. that   D. what【解析】选C。考查关系代词的选择。由句意判断“we visited three mnths ag”为定语从句,修饰the chicken farm, 使用关系代词或关系副词主要取决于先行词指人还是指物且在从句中作什么成份,这里visited 后缺少宾语,故选C。
    1. that与which的基本用法
    2. that与which的特殊用法1)指物时只能用that不用which的几种情况(1)当先行词是anything, everything, nthing, smething, all, nne 等代词时,或由every, any, all, little等修饰时,(2)当先行词被序数词修饰,(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时, (4)当先行词被the very, the nly 修饰时,(5)当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时。
    2)指物时只用which 不用that 的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时,(2)当关系代词前使用介词时。
          1. The persn is standing under the tree. He is my English teacher. (合并为一个句子)The persn wh is standing under the tree is my English teacher.
    2. I’ve becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl ___ I met in the English speech cntest last year.                    [2010湖南高考]A. wh   B. where   C. when   D. which【解析】选 A。句意:我已经和我去年英语演讲比赛时认识的几个学生成为好朋友了。先行词为students, 指人且与从句谓语动词met 构成动宾关系,故用关系代词whm。这里可用wh 代替whm, 故选A。
    3. The ld man____ yesterday is a scientist. A. I spke        B. I spke t C. whm I spke      D. that I spke t him【解析】选B。考查whm引导的定语从句。与某人说话常用speak t sb. 的结构,且引导词在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略;D项中him与the ld man重复,该去掉,故选B。
    4. Anyne wh breaks the law will be punished. 5. Wh is the man that is standing by the gate? 6. Thse wh learn nt nly frm bks but als thrugh practice will succeed. 7. Shanghai is n lnger the city that it used t be. 8. There’s a gentleman wh wants t see yu. 9. The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the mnitr wh is very mdest and wrks very hard.
       (1)指人时只用that不用wh的情况①当先行词同时包括人和物时。②当先行词是wh时。③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)。
    (2)指人时只用wh不用that的情况①先行词为ne, nes, anyne或thse指代人时。②there be开头的句子中,句子的主语是先行词,而且是人。③一个句子同时有两个定语从句,其中一个是由that引导的,另一个用wh, 以免重复。④在非限制性定语从句中。
           1. ①The classrm whse dr is brken will sn be repaired. ②D yu like the bk whse cver is yellw?
    2. That’s the new machine___parts are t small t be seen.                   [2010山东高考]A. that   B. which   C. whse   D. what【解析】选C。句意:那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。从句子结构分析parts与machine是所属关系,所以要用关系代词中的whse “谁的”指代machine’s作parts的定语。
    3. Lk ut! Dn’t get t clse t the huse___ rf is under repair. A. whse       B. whichC. f which      D. what【解析】选A。从句子结构分析,rf 与huse是所属关系,即the huse’s rf, 所以用whse指代the huse’s作定语。
       注意观察whse引导的定语从句的特征,只要先行词与空格后的名词或代词有修饰或所属关系,就要考虑选用关系词whse, 特别是先行词指物时,易被忽略。
          单句改错1. The man which I met tday tld me t cme back. 【解析】which→whm/wh/that2. Sme f the girls I invited them did nt cme. 【解析】删去them,因为关系词在定语从句中作宾语且被省略了。
    4. Children eat much sugar ften get bad teeth. 【解析】在Children和eat中间加上关系词wh。5. This is wh everyne respects. 【解析】wh引导的定语从句前无先行词,故应在wh前加上the persn/man等名词。6. Thse wh has finished may leave the classrm nw. 【解析】has→have, 因为wh指代的thse是复数。
    关系代词引导的定语从句中的易错点1. 关系代词的误用。指人还是指物的,作主语、宾语还是定语判断不清。2. 先行词的遗漏。有些定语从句前往往会被遗漏先行词,从而使句子不完整。
    3. 关系代词的遗漏。定语从句中不能省略的关系代词容易被遗漏。4. 定语从句中主谓不一致。因判断不清先行词的单复数而导致从句中主谓使用不一致。
    Ⅰ. 用适当的关系代词填空1. This is the very nvel abut which we’ve talked s much. 2. This is the way that/in which/不填 he did it. 3. Wh is the student that was late fr schl tday? 4. Wh that knws him wants t make friends with him. 5. He lives in the rm, whse windw faces t the suth. 6. Yesterday I helped an ld man wh lst his way.
    Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句1. I have a friend. He likes listening t classical music. I have a friend wh likes listening t classical music. 2. Last week Mary was wearing the dress. I gave it t her. Last week Mary was wearing the dress that/which I gave t her. 3. The girl is frm America. Her father is a Chinese. The girl whse father is a Chinese is frm America.
    4. Wh is the man? He is drawing a picture ver there. Wh is the man that is drawing a picture ver there? 5. My grandparents live in a huse. It is mre than 100 years ld. My grandparents live in a huse which is mre than 100 years ld.
    Ⅲ. 单句改错1. Wh is the man whm yu said hell t just nw? 答案:whm → that 2. This is the knife with that the dctr did the peratin. 答案:that → which
    3. It is ne f the best pictures which have been sld. 答案:which→ that 4. This is the nly bk that were brrwed frm the library. 答案:were → was 5. The man came yesterday is ur English teacher. 答案:man 后面加wh
    Ⅳ. 单项填空1. I will remember thse days ____ we spent in the cuntryside tgether. A. what   B. when   C. whm   D. which【解析】选 D。考查定语从句。句意:我将记住我们一起在乡下度过的日子。从句中spent后缺少宾语,故选D。
    2. I refuse t accept the blame fr smething ____ was smene else’s fault. A. wh    B. that   C. as    D. what【解析】选B。考查定语从句。不定代词smething作先行词时,用that引导。
    3. The things and peple ___ my grandpa tld me when I was yung still remain fresh in my mind. A. whm    B. that   C. which   D. wh【解析】选B。考查定语从句。先行词既有人又有物时,只能选that,不选which, wh 或 whm。
    4. I shall never frget thse days____I spent with the earthquake victims(受害者), ____ has a great effect n my life.                 [2011信阳高一检测]A. that; which     B. when; thatC. which; that     D. when; wh
    【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:我将永远不会忘记我与地震受害者一起度过的那些日子,这对我的生活产生了重大影响。第一个定语从句中缺少宾语,故选which或that; 第二个定语从句中缺少主语,而且又是非限制性定语从句,只能用which,故选A。
    5. In China, the number f cities is increasing ____ develpment is recgnized acrss the wrld. A. where   B. which   C. whse    D. that【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意:在中国,其发展得到全世界认可的城市的数量在增加。develpment与先行词cities之间是所属关系,所以选whse。
    6.Which is the bike ____ yu lst? A.that    B.which   C.wh   D.whse【解析】选 A。考查关系词的选择。句意:你丢的自行车是哪一辆?先行词是the bike且在从句中作宾语,当先行词前面有which时,关系词常用that。
    7. There is a by _____dwnstairs.                 [2011临沂高一检测]A. wh wants t see yuB. whm wants t see yuC. which wants t see yuD. he wants t see yu【解析】选 A。考查定语从句。先行词为人且关系代词在从句中作主语,故用wh作引导词,故选A。
    8. He is the nly ne f the students wh ____ a winner f schlarship fr three years. A. is           B. areC. have been       D. has been【解析】选D。关系代词在从句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由先行词决定。本题中,先行词是“the nly ne”, 为单数,故谓语动词用单数形式,而且“fr three years”又常与完成时连用,故选D。A、B 两项时态不对,C项是复数形式。
       【规律方法】定语从句中的主谓一致知多少在定语从句中,当关系代词wh, that, which 等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与主句中的人称和数相一致,但是在“ne f + 复数名词+ 定语从句”的结构中,定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式有下列两种情况:① 根据先行词为复数名词而定,采取复数形式。例如:His brther is ne f the students wh are ready t help thers. 他的哥哥是那些乐于助人的学生中的一个。
    ② 当ne 之前有 the nly (或the very) 等限定词和修饰语时,定语从句应根据ne 而定,采取单数形式。例如: She is the nly ne f the girls wh cmes frm the cuntryside. 她是惟一的一个来自乡下的女孩。
    9. Thse ___ want t see the film put dwn yur names please. A. that   B. which   C. wh   D. whse【解析】选C。考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是thse, nes, anyne, peple 等指人时,用wh 引导。
    10. Tm is gd at math, s I think he is the student___ can help yu t wrk ut this prblem. A. whm   B. which   C. what   D. wh【解析】选D。先行词为the student,且定语从句中缺主语,因此应用wh 引导定语从句。
    11. We visited a factry____ makes tys fr children. A. where       B. whichC. in which      D. wh【解析】选B。考查定语从句的引导词的选择。先行词为factry, 而且定语从句中又缺主语,故排除C项;A项是关系副词,只能作状语;wh 指人。故选B。
    12. I’ll shw yu a stre ___ yu may buy all__ yu need. A. where; which       B. in which; thatC. which; that        D. that; that【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:我要告诉你一个商店,在那里你可以买到所有你需要的东西。结合语境,先行词为stre,从句中缺少地点状语,故第一个空应用in which或where;第二个空先行词为all,故定语从句用that引导。正确答案为B。
    13. D yu remember the place ______ we visited last year?A. that        B. whereC. when        D. in which【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:你记得我们去年参观的那个地方吗?先行词the place 在定语从句中作visit 的宾语,故用关系代词that 或which,故选A。注意:此题易误选B项。
    14. I dn’t believe them at first but in fact everything ___was true. A. that they said       B. what they saidC. which they said       D. that said【解析】选A。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,everything后为定语从句,what 不能引导定语从句,故排除B项;D项中成分不全;不定代词作先行词时,用that 引导定语从句。注意:不要将此题误选为B项。

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