高考英语总复习Book1Unit4Earthquakes练习含解析新人教版

这是一份高考英语总复习Book1Unit4Earthquakes练习含解析新人教版，共1页。试卷主要包含了burst vi，ruin n，injure vt，bury vt，judge vt，　　　　7，士兵立刻就被派来营救他们等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.burst vi.爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发
◆语法填空
Just nw, the naughty by burst ① my rm and burst ut ② (laugh). Hwever, I had n idea why he burst int ③ (laugh). Thus, I was bursting with ④ (angry).
◆句型升级
When they heard the bad news that their sn died in the earthquake, the cuple burst int tears.
→⑤ the bad news that their sn died in the earthquake, the cuple . (分词作状语+同义短语替代)
1.答案 ①int ②laughing ③laughter ④anger
⑤Hearing;burst ut crying
2.ruin n.毁灭;废墟vt.毁灭;使破产
◆单句填空
①Wh wuld want (ruin) their gd wrkut by eating junk fd?(2018课标全国Ⅱ)
②With time ging n, the castle which was nce very beautiful is nw cmpletely ruins.
◆句型升级
I made a mistake. It ruined my chance f ging abrad.
→③I made a mistake, . (定语从句)
→④I made a mistake, . (分词作状语)
2.答案 ①t ruin ②in ③which ruined my chance f ging abrad ④ruining my chance f ging abrad
3.injure vt.损害;伤害
◆单句填空
①Tw-thirds f them died r (injure)during the earthquake.(教材原句)
②These chemicals cme frm the (injure) parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm.
◆句型升级
His left ft was seriusly injured, s he missed the imprtant match.
→③ , he missed the imprtant match. (with 复合结构)
3.答案 ①were injured ②injured ③With his left ft seriusly injured
4.bury vt.掩埋;埋葬;隐藏
◆单句填空
①He std n the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pckets.
②He sank dwn n the grund, (bury) his face in his hands.
◆句型升级
The by was buried in cmputer games and he didn't ntice the teacher cme in.
→③ cmputer games, the by didn't ntice the teacher cme in. (过去分词作状语)
→④ cmputer games, the by didn't ntice the teacher cme in. (现在分词作状语)
4.答案 ①buried ②burying ③Buried in ④Burying himself in
5.judge vt.断定;判断;判决 n.裁判员;法官
◆单句填空
①Yu als need (judge) the quality and depth f yur mtivatin.(2019课标全国Ⅱ)
② (judge) frm the stry, we can cme t the cnclusin that we can't judge a bk its cver.
◆写作微测
我认为这是一个你了解中国音乐的好机会。(2019课标全国Ⅲ书面表达)
③ , this is a glden pprtunity fr yu t learn abut the Chinese music.
5.答案 ①t judge ②Judging;frm/by ③As far as I can judge/In my judgment
1.at an end 结束;终结
◆单句填空
①It seemed as if the wrld was at end!(教材原句)
②By the end f last week, I (finish)mst f the wrk.
③At first he refused t accept any respnsibility but he ended up (aplgize).
④Smell the flwers befre yu g t sleep, and yu may just end up sweet dreams.
◆一句多译
不知不觉这次采摘(picking)活动就结束了。(2020课标全国Ⅱ书面表达)
⑤ befre we knew it. (at an end)
⑥ befre we knew it. (cme t an end)
1.答案 ①an ②had finished ③aplgizing ④with
⑤The picking activity was at an end ⑥The picking activity came t an end
2.a (great) number f 许多;大量的
◆单句填空
①—A number f students (be) in the dining hall nw.
—Yes. The number f the students (be) abut 400.
②Over the years, there (be) a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. (2018课标全国Ⅰ)
◆写作微测
每个人都有很多尊敬的人。(2020课标全国Ⅰ书面表达)
③ .
2.答案 ①are;is ②have been ③Everyne has a number f peple t respect
1.as if似乎;仿佛
◆单句填空
①When a pencil is partly put int water, it lks as if it (be)brken.
②He pened his muth as if (say) smething.
◆句型转换
③The tennis player is lying n the flr as if she were hurt badly.
→The tennis player is lying n the flr badly.(状语从句的省略)
1.答案 ①were ②t say ③as if hurt
并非所有……都……
◆句型转换
Bth f the maths prblems are nt very difficult.
→① are very difficult.
◆一句多译
不是所有的人都愿意帮助他人。
② ()
③ (nt all...)
2.答案 ①Nt bth f the maths prblems ②All peple are nt willing t help thers. ③Nt all peple are willing t help thers.
1.教材与语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things were happening in the cuntryside f nrtheast Hebei. Fr three days the water in the village wells kept rising and 1 (fall).Farmers nticed that the well walls had deep cracks in 2 . A smelly gas came ut f the cracks. In 3 farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were t nervus 4 (eat). 5 (muse) ran ut f the fields 6 (lk) fr places t hide. Fish jumped ut f their bwls and pnds. At abut 3:00 am 7 July 28, 1976, sme peple saw bright lights in the sky. The sund f planes culd 8 (hear) utside the city f Tangshan even when n 9 (plane) were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in sme buildings cracked and burst. But the ne millin peple f the city, 10 thught little f these events,were asleep as usual that night.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
1.falling 2.them 3.the 4.t eat 5.Mice 6.lking 7.n 8.be heard 9.planes 10.wh
2.教材与话题写作
Ⅰ.写作要点
用本单元所学词汇和句型完成。
1.一天夜里,一切都开始摇晃起来。(shake)
2.水管爆裂,电被切断。(burst;cut ff)
3.世界似乎到了末日。(It seemed as if...;be at an end)
4.有些人受伤了,有些人被埋在废墟下,还有些人失踪了。(injure;bury)
5.从那时的情况判断,还有一些被困人员等待着救援。(judge frm;trap)
6.并不是没有了希望。()
7.士兵立刻就被派来营救他们。(right away;rescue)
Ⅱ.连句成篇
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。





答案
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
One night, everything began t shake, with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut ff. It seemed as if the wrld was at an end. On the spt, sme peple were injured, sme were buried under the ruins, and sme were missing. Judging frm the situatin, a number f peple wh might have been trapped were waiting fr the rescue. All hpe was nt lst, because sldiers were sent t rescue them right away.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2020山东日照高三校际联合检测)
Rescue wrkers and thusands f vlunteers are nt the nly nes wh have wn hearts and minds fr their heric effrts in the search fr survivrs after Tuesday's pwerful earthquake in Mexic. Fifteen dgs frm the navy's canine(军犬)unit have assisted this week in the rescue effrts at the sites f cllapsed buildings acrss Mexic City, where mre than 50 peple have been pulled alive frm the ruins.
Of the canine heres nne is mre famus r lved than Frida, a six-year-ld white Labradr wh in her distinguished service has wn praise fr her ability t detect peple wh have been trapped by varius natural disasters. Over her admirable career she has fund 52 peple including 12 survivrs in Mexic and ther Latin American cuntries.
This week, Frida and Evil and Ech—tw Belgian Shepherds that have als been specially trained fr rescue effrts—were sent t the site f the cllapsed Enrique Rebsamen Schl in suthern Mexic City.
Equipped with gggles that prtect her eyes frm dust and smke, and bts t prevent damage t her paws while she climbs ver rugh ruins, Frida tk t her wrk lking ver every part f the ruins.
“If Frida detects the presence f a survivr, she is trained t bark t alert rescue wrkers, but if she detects a crpse, she stps suddenly befre prceeding,” her handler explained.
Eleven children were rescued frm the ruins at the schl, but this time human rescue wrkers rather than the dgs were the nes wh lcated them.
Hwever, that hasn't stpped Frida frm becming a scial media star and reaching a new level f fame this week. Vides and ther scial media psts that highlight the wrk f Frida and her impressive recrds f detecting peple trapped by natural disasters spread quickly nline.
While she has yet t detect anyne trapped in the ruins this week, she and ther rescue dgs are cntinuing t wrk tirelessly, searching thrugh spaces that humans cannt reach. With the pssibility that there are still peple trapped alive, time will tell whether she adds t her rescue recrds.
1.Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A.Severe earthquakes in Mexic
B.Undertaking rescue wrk
C.Peple waiting fr rescue
D.Special rescuers in Mexic
2.What makes Frida a scial media star?
A.Her rescue recrds and tireless wrk.
B.Her cperatin with the rescue team.
C.Her cl appearance with sme special devices.
D.Her ability t search spaces beynd humans' reach.
3.What des the underlined wrd “crpse” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A.An article f clthing. B.An uncnscius animal.
C.A dead persn. D.A special signal.
4.It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that .
A.Frida will achieve nthing
B.Frida will prbably wrk miracles
C.mre dgs will be sent t the area
D.the rest f the rescue will be dne by dgs
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,主题语境为人与自然。文章主要讲述了墨西哥在星期二发生强烈地震后,来自海军犬队的十五条狗参与了救援工作,其中Frida获得了大量关注。
1.D 主旨大意题。通读文章可知,墨西哥在星期二发生强烈地震后,并不是只有救援人员和成千上万的志愿者参与了救援行动,来自海军犬队的十五条狗也参与了救援工作。故选D项。
2.A 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段中Vides and ther scial media psts that highlight the wrk f Frida and her impressive recrds f detecting peple trapped by natural disasters spread quickly nline.可知,使Frida成为社交媒体明星的是它的营救记录和孜孜不倦的工作。故选A项。
3.C 推测词义题。根据the presence f a survivr和表转折的连词but可推断画线单词crpse与survivr意义相反,其意思为“尸体”,故选C项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中While she has yet t detect anyne trapped in the ruins this week, she and ther rescue dgs are cntinuing t wrk tirelessly, searching thrugh spaces that humans cannt reach.可知,Frida可能会创造奇迹,故选B项。
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan,14,has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk.Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the waves frm her huse.“It's the cean that makes Rckaway s special,”she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie's family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city's bridges clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day,they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie's friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high-rise buildings.
“My mm tells me that I can't cntrl what happens t me,”Natalie says, “but I can always chse hw I deal with it.”
Natalie's chice was t help.
She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick's cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids:Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much-needed supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars(创痕) f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. “I can't imagine living anywhere but Rckaway,”Natalie declares.“My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.”
5.When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane, she fund .
A.sme friends had lst their lives
B.her neighbrhd was destryed
C.her schl had mved t Brklyn
D.the elderly were free frm suffering
6.Accrding t Paragraph 4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A.The peple helping Rckaway rebuild.
B.The peple trapped in high-rise buildings.
C.The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs.
D.Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple.
7.Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A.She gave her tys t ther kids.
B.She tk care f yunger children.
C.She called n the White Huse t help.
D.She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm.
8.What des the stry intend t tell us?
A.Little peple can make a big difference.
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C.East r west, hme is best.
D.Technlgy is pwer.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。飓风桑迪袭击了Natalie的家乡Rckaway,损失很大,一些人的援助行为鼓舞了Natalie,她创办了一个网站来帮助家乡的人们。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段开头“ fund their neighbrhd in ruins.”可知B项正确。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段开头第一句可知帮助Rckaway进行重建的人们鼓舞了她,包括带来捐赠品的志愿者、帮助他人的邻居以及帮助老人的青少年们,故A项正确。
7.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知Natalie创办了一个网站,发布需要帮助的幸存者的信息,从而可以让捐赠者们找到捐赠的对象,由此可知她建立了一个信息分享平台,故D项正确。
8.A 推理判断题。从整篇文章可以得知,Natalie虽然年纪不大,但是她在飓风后家乡的重建过程中,创办了一个信息分享平台,为他人提供了巨大的帮助,故A项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021嘉兴联考)
Let's just be hnest. 1 .Given the limited space that cmes with an ecnmy class seat, yu can expect t sit fr hurs with a stiff(僵硬的)neck and back, which has a bad effect n yur circulatin. While mst peple knw that standing up and walking arund during yur flight can encurage yur bld flw, it's nt always pssible r cnvenient t d s. 2 .
Cnfused? Just hear us ut. Tennis balls can put any fancy and expensive things t shame when it cmes t killing pain, relieving(减轻)tightness, and imprving circulatin n lng flights r rad trips. This is why yu shuld always pack a tennis ball fr yur trip.
3 . It is practically the n-the-g self-massage(自我按摩)yu never knew yu needed. Nt nly are tennis balls tiny enugh t fit int a small bag, but als using ne during a flight wn't bther yur neighbrs. And luckily, it's nt ne f the things mst likely t make yu flag in the security line.
There are certain areas yu shuld target when perfrming a self-massage. 4 .They are yur ankles, wrists, legs, and upper back and shulders. Apply gentle pressure t each area with the ball as yu rll, and use extra care with any spt f tensin.
Seems simple enugh, right? 5 . Always remember t fly with a tennis ball in yur carry-n.
A.That's where a tennis ball cmes in.
B.These days, airplanes can barely fit yur wn tw legs.
C.Sme key bdy parts are especially in need f yur attentin.
D.Peple are flying with just ne piece f carry-n luggage nwadays.
E.But it culd make yur life s much easier and keep yu healthier in the air.
F.Just make sure yu're nt making these airprt mistakes befre yur next flight.
G.Rlling a tennis ball alng yur bdy lsens up stiff parts and increases bld flw.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了坐飞机时,我们可以随身携带网球。用网球进行自我按摩可以减缓飞行中的身体不适。
1.B 细节句。根据下文“考虑到经济舱座位的空间有限,您可能预料到会坐上几个小时,颈部和背部会僵硬,这会对您的血液循环产生不良影响。”可知,飞机上空间很小,坐着很不舒服。因此,B选项“现在,飞机几乎连你自己的两条腿都装不下了。”符合上下文的语境。
2.A 过渡句。根据本段的设空处前的“虽然大多数人都知道,在飞行过程中站起来走动可以促进血液循环,但这样做并不总是可行或方便的。”和下文中的“当涉及止痛,缓解紧绷,改善长途飞行或公路旅行的血液循环时,网球可以让任何花哨、昂贵的东西相形见绌。这就是为什么你旅行时应该带一个网球。”可知,文章认为,网球可以帮助人们在不方便站起来走动时缓解身体不适,促进血液循环。因此A选项“那就是网球的作用。”符合上下文语境。
3.G 主旨句。根据下文“实际上,这是一种你从来不知道自己需要在路上的自我按摩。”可知,本段介绍的是用网球自我按摩,可以缓解肌肉僵硬,促进血液循环。因此,G选项“沿着身体滚动网球可以放松僵硬部位,增加血液流动。”符合本段的主旨。
4.C 细节句。根据上一句“在进行自我按摩时,你应该针对某些特定的区域。”和下两句“它们是你的脚踝、手腕、腿和上背部和肩膀。当你滚动时,用球轻轻地按压每个区域,对任何张力点都要格外小心。”可知,自我按摩时,有些地方要注意。因此,C选项“一些关键的身体部位特别需要你的注意。”符合上下文语境。
5.E 细节句。设空处上一句是“看起来很简单,对吧?”而E选项“但是它可以让你的生活变得更容易,让你在乘飞机旅行时更健康。”通过转折关系来强化说明网球按摩的好处,符合上下文语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021嘉兴联考)
Jim and I first met Tm and Gee in the early days f ur 1 .(marry). Smene had been returning ur garbage cans t the garage each garbage day, and we had wndered wh. Then ne day we sptted him, 2 . elderly man wh lived acrss the street.
I baked ckies and left 3 .n a bench utside the garage with a thank-yu nte. Later that day, we fund that a typed letter 4 .(replace)the gift. The letter was frm Tm and explained why he returned cans fr peple he barely knew. Back when he'd been fighting a war, his yung wife, Gee, had lived alne. Neighbrs had taken the time 5 .(handle)her garbage cans and he never frgt. Nw by ding the same 6 .all f us, he paid it frward.
7 .(gradual)we gt familiar. His wife Gee ne day invited us t lk thrugh their Christmas decratins. Gee quietly explained each decratin, 8 . was cllected during every year's after-Christmas sales. As ur kids left with the bx f decratins, she smiled. Her treasures, 9 .(gather)ver a lifetime, fund a new hme.
Nw every Christmas, we decrate ur tree with Gee' s treasures and Tm's letter, reminding urselves f 10 . it means t be a neighbr.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述了作者在每个收垃圾的日子,都有人把作者的垃圾桶送回车库。后来作者知道是两个住在街对面的老人所为。老人说他这样做的原因是感恩在他外出打仗时邻居对他的妻子的照顾。文章旨在培养学生友爱互助的品质,成为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。
1.marriage 考查名词。句意:吉姆和我第一次遇见汤姆和吉是在我们结婚的初期。分析句子结构可知,所填单词做介词f的宾语,设空处前为形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,故用其名词形式,故答案为marriage。
2.an 考查冠词。句意:有一天,我们看到了他,一位住在街对面的老人。设空处及后面的部分为him的同位语,是泛指,用不定冠词;又因elderly是元音音素开头;所以答案为an。
3.them 考查代词。句意:我烤了些饼干,把它们和一张感谢卡放在车库外的长凳上。根据句意可知是把饼干放到长凳上,ckies是复数,应用them指代,故答案为them。
4.had replaced 考查动词的时态。句意:那天晚些时候,我们发现一封信代替了礼物。分析句子结构可知设空处作宾语从句的谓语,且表示在过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作,应用过去完成时,故答案为had replaced。
5.t handle 考查非谓语动词。句意:邻居们花了时间来处理她的垃圾桶,他从来没有忘记。take sth. t d sth.为固定搭配。故用t handle。
6.as 考查介词。句意:现在,他和我们所有人做同样的事,把它传递下去。the same as和……一样。故答案为as。
7.Gradually 考查副词。句意:逐渐地,我们变得熟悉。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用副词,修饰后面的句子。故答案为Gradually。
8.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:他平静地解释着每一件装饰品,它们都是在每年的圣诞节后大减价时收集的。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为each decratin,指“物”,故答案为which。
9.gathered 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知:句子的谓语为fund,设空处在句中作非谓语动词,和逻辑主语之间为被动关系,故答案为gathered。
10.what 考查宾语从句。句意:现在,每年圣诞节,我们都会用吉的珍宝和汤姆的信装饰圣诞树,提醒自己做一个邻居的意义。分析句子结构可知:设空处引导宾语从句,同时,在宾语从句中作宾语,指“物”,故答案为what。
A disaster is nt terrible and the terrible thing is there is n hpe in the heart.
灾难并不可怕,可怕的是心中没有了希望。
burst in/burst int a rm闯入;突然破门而入
burst ut 突然开始
burstutcrying/laughingburstinttears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来
a burst f...突然的一阵……
助记
lie/be in ruins 成为废墟,破败不堪
fall int ruin 衰落,败落
be reduced t ruins 沦为废墟
ruin neself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡
ruin ne's health/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途
(1)injured adj.受伤的
the injured伤员
(2)injury n.伤;伤口;伤害
d sb./neself an injury伤害某人/自己
易错
the injured作主语时,谓语动词常常使用复数形式。
把……埋到……里;使……沉浸于……
bury neself in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于
be buried in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于
联想
表示“专心于;致力于”的其他常见短语:
be devted t;be lst/absrbed in;fcus/cncentrate n;fix/cncentrate ne's attentin n
(1)从……来判断
judge sb. t be判断某人为……
as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为
(2)judging by/frm从……上看;根据……判断
(3)in ne's judgment 依某人看来
易错
judging frm/by 表示“从……上看,根据……判断”,用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。
(1)at the end f在……尽头/末端
in the end最后,终于
by the end f 到……时候为止(常与完成时连用)
put/bring an end t sth.使……结束
cme t an end完成;结束
(2)end up with以……结束
end up ding sth.以做某事结束
end up in以……告终;结果为……
(1)a number f意为“若干;许多”,后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(2)the number f意为“……的数量”,其后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般要用单数形式。
扩展
(1)“large quantities f+名词”后通常跟谓语动词复数形式;
(2)“a great/gd many+可数名词复数”后通常跟谓语动词复数形式。
It seemed as if the wrld was at an end!
as if(=as thugh)在句中引导表语从句;它也可以引导状语从句。
联想
as if/thugh从句使用虚拟语气的三种情况:
①与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时,be动词用were;
②与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”;
③与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“wuld/culd+动词原形”。
易错
as if/thugh引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,后面直接跟名词(短语)、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词等。
All hpe was nt lst.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句是表示部分否定的句型, all...,意为“并非所有的……都……”。
联想
①英语中的all, bth, each, every, everybdy, everything, cmpletely, always, whle, entirely等词与否定词连用,无论否定词位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。
②n,nne,never,nbdy,neither,nthing,n mre,n lnger等表示否定意义的词或短语与表肯定意义的谓语动词一起使用时,构成全部否定。