高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration学案设计

UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION

Ⅰ.匹配词义

a．单词匹配

(　　)1.astronaut　 A．adj. not having much distance between

 the top or surface and the bottom

(　　)2.procedure B．n.宇航员；太空人

(　　)3.rocket   C．n.程序；步骤；手续

(　　)4.vehicle D．n.资源；财力；物力

(　　)5.satellite   E．adj.enough

(　　)6.mankind   F．v.to put used objects through a special

 process，so that they can be used again

(　　)7.recycle   G．n.火箭；火箭弹

(　　)8.sufficient   H．n.人造卫星；卫星

(　　)9.shallow   I．n.交通工具；车辆

(　　)10.resource   J．n.人类

[答案]　1－5　BCGIH　6－10　JFEAD

b．短语匹配

(　　)1.carry on　　　　　 　 A．导致；造成

(　　)2.on board B．弄清楚；弄明白；弄懂

(　　)3.in the hope of doing sth.   C．用完；耗尽

(　　)4.so as to(do sth.) D．为了；以便

(　　)5.figure out   E．继续做，坚持干

(　　)6.result in   F．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上

(　　)7.run out   G．抱着……的希望

[答案]　1－5　EFGDB　6－7　AC

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．mental adj.　　　 精神的；思想的

2．intelligent adj.   有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的

3．lack n.   缺乏；短缺

vt.   没有；缺乏

4．determine vt.   查明；确定；决定

5．launch vt.&n.  发射；发起；上市

6．attach vt.   系；绑；贴

7．disappointed adj.   失望的；沮丧的

8．desire n.   渴望；欲望

vt.   渴望；期望

9．otherwise adv.   否则；要不然

10．signal vt.&vi.   标志着；标明；发信号

n.   信号；标志

Ⅰ.语境填空

astronaut；procedure；gravity；launch；orbit；monitor；current；mankind；agency；data

1．He was writing the selection procedure when I paid a visit to him this morning.

2．Yang Liwei was the first astronaut in China who successfully orbited Earth.

3．The spacecraft can fly into the space only when it can escape Earth's gravity．

4．Afterwards，Tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space.

5．Mankind believes in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.

6．Each student's progress is closely monitored．

7．Recently，America's NASA space agency has launched another spacecraft to research the problem.

8．The accident should not happen according to my data．

9．What is the current thinking on this question?

10．They changed their orbit while flying in space.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．Mentally(mental)，I began making a list of things I had to do.

2．Reheat the soup in the microwave(wave)．

3．Such problems are a universal(universe) feature of old age.

4．He fought the illness with courage and determination(determine)．

5．To his great disappointment(disappoint)，he failed again in the driving test.

6．It was the first time that she had lived independently(independent)．

7．You should do it regularly(regular)．

8．He gave up without argument(argue)．

9．So from the global(globe) perspective，it is very important.

10．The data is limited(limit) in terms of both quality and quantity.

1．Over eight years later，on 20 July 1969，American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon，...

八年后的1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球……

2．...famously saying，“That's one small step for [a] man，one giant leap for mankind”．

说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。

3．Following this，many more goals were achieved.

随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。

词语助读

①look up at...抬头看……

②vehicle n．[C]交通工具；车辆

motor vehicle机动车辆

③determined adj.有决心的，意志坚定的

be determined to do sth.决定/决心做某事

④satellite n．[C]人造卫星

⑤orbit vt.&vi.沿轨道运行

n．[C，U](天体等运行的)轨道

orbit around...围绕……运行

a manned orbit载人飞行

⑥focus on...集中注意力/精力于……

⑦over prep.大于，多余。相当于more than。

⑧leap n．[C]跳跃；剧增 vi.&vt.跳过；跃过(leapt，leapt或leaped，leaped)

one giant leap一次巨大的跳跃

►Look before you leap.[谚]三思而后行。

⑨agency n．[C](政府的)专门机构；服务机构

space agency航天局

advertising/travel agency广告公司/旅行社

⑩data n．[U，pl.]数据

transmit data传输数据

⑪disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的

⑫desire n．[C，U]渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望

⑬believe in sth.认为某事好(或对、可接受)

believe in sb.信赖，信任，相信某人会成功

⑭carry on继续做，坚持干

⑮risk n．[C，U]危险，风险

⑯ongoing adj.(一般位于名词前)持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的

an ongoing debate/discussion/process持续的辩论/讨论/过程

⑰on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上

⑱independently adv.独立地；自立地

[词链]depend(vi.依靠)→dependent(adj.依赖的)→independent(adj.独立的)→independently(adv.独立地)

be independent of...不依赖……

⑲signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．[C]信号；标志

⑳measurement n．[C]尺寸，长度，数量；[U]测量，度量

[单词拆解]measure(vt.测量)＋­ment(名词后缀，“……的行为或结果”)＝measurement

further adv.进一步，是far的比较级，常用来表示抽象含义的“深度”，也可表示距离上的更远。

[近义]farther adv.更远地(常指距离)

Mars n．火星。火星是太阳系的八大行星之一。

[拓展]太阳系其余的行星为：

Mercury n．水星

Venus n．金星

Earth n．地球

Jupiter n．木星

Saturn n．土星

Uranus n．天王星

Neptune n．海王星

文化采风

1．Shenzhou 5

Shenzhou 5 spacecraft，the first manned spacecraft in China，was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Centre on October 15，2003.Yang Liwei，China's first astronaut，set sail here and embarked the Shenzhou 5 spaceship，starting a journey in space that not only attracted the world's attention but made the Chinese people proud.

2．Chang'e 4 probe

Chang'e 4 probe is the first spacecraft in the world to make a soft landing on the far side of the moon.The main task of Chang'e 4 probe is to continue to explore the lunar geology and resources in a deeper and more comprehensive way and improve the lunar archives(档案)．

原文呈现

SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER[1]

“Are we alone? What's out there？”Looking up at① the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space,  and  scientists  work  hard  to find answers.[2] They make vehicles② to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.

[1][标题赏析]“题好文一半”，一个好的标题能起到画龙点睛的作用。本文的标题是“SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER”，final frontier直译是“最后的边境”，它给学生无限的遐想——是地球的边境还是宇宙的边境？用它作标题，能够吸引读者的兴趣，使读者迫切地想读下去一探究竟。

[2]本句是由and连接的并列句。现在分词短语Looking up at the stars在句中作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句When they are looking up at the stars。第一个分句采用了现在完成时，表示人们从过去到现在一直以来的愿望。

Before the mid­20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.[3] However，some scientists were determined to③ help humans realise their dream to explore space.After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. On 4 October 1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite④ was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around⑤Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on⑥ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space[4]. Over⑦ eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying，“That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap⑧ for mankind.[5]” Following this, many more goals were achieved.For example, America's NASA space agency⑨ launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space, and it still transmits data⑩ today.

[3]本句是复合句。felt后是省略了that的宾语从句，该从句中v.­ing短语travelling into space作主语。

[4]此处为“the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式”结构。

[5]这是1969年美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月成功时所说的一句名言，充分表达出这次登月成功是人类太空探索的重要里程碑。

Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen.All the astronauts on the USSR's Soyuz 11 and America's Challenger died during their missions.  These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed⑪[6]，but the desire⑫ to explore the universe never died. This is because people believe in⑬ the importance of carrying on⑭ space exploration despite the huge risks⑮.An example of this ongoing⑯ work is the International Space Station.It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board⑰，  providing a continuous human presence in space.

[6]此处为“make＋宾语＋adj.”结构。

China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently⑱ send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.[7] After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.This signalled⑲ one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future[8]．More recently, China has sent Chang'e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements⑳ and observations.

[7]本句中a second manned orbit属于“不定冠词＋序数词＋名词”结构，表示“再……，又……”；followed by...its surface为过去分词短语作伴随状语；being sent to the moon为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰Jade Rabbit。

[8]不定式短语to establish a space station in the future在句中作后置定语，修饰China's plan。

The future of space exploration remains bright. Europe，the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.

译文参考

太空：最后的边境

“我们是否孤独？地球之外有什么？”仰望星空，人们总是想要更多地了解太空，科学家们也努力寻找答案。他们制造运载工具，把勇敢者送入太空，去探索宇宙的秘密。他们也十分希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。

在20世纪中叶之前，绝大多数人认为到太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验之后，他们成功研制出能够摆脱地球引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。随后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。八年后的1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。比如，美国国家航空与航天局于1977年9月5日发射了“旅行者一号”来探索外太空，至今它仍在(向地球)传送数据。

虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。苏联“联盟11号”和美国”挑战者”号的所有宇航员在执行任务时遇难。这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是(人们)探索宇宙的渴望从未泯灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。国际空间站就是航天事业持续发展的一个例子。它绕地球运行，上面搭载着来自不同国家的宇航员，空间站使得人类能够持续在太空中展开工作。

中国的太空计划起步比俄罗斯和美国晚，但在短时间内取得了巨大的进展。2003年杨利伟搭乘的“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功绕地球运行，使中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。此后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走。随后“玉兔”月球车被送往月球进行月表研究。之后，中国将“天宫二号”空间实验站送入太空，“天舟一号”与它对接。这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。最近，中国发射了“嫦娥四号”以探测月球背面表面，并开展测量和观测。

太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。欧洲、美国和中国都有计划进一步研究和探索像火星和木星这样的行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源，还能帮助我们延续生存，直到未来。