语法填空练习2022届新高考英语二轮专项突破

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[2021·合肥市第三次质量检测]The histry f Chinese Teachers' Day 1.________ (date) back t the Han Dynasty. It is a day f respecting teachers and educatin. In the past, n the birthday f Cnfucius, the emperr, 2.________ (fllw) by curt fficials, wuld g t Cnfucius Temple in hnr f the ancient philspher and wuld als invite ryal teachers t the curt fr a feast. And n this day, teachers arund the natin enjyed 3.________ day's break and 4.________ (give) dried meat as gifts.
Excellent teachers wuld be chsen frm academies and 5.________ (institutin) acrss the kingdm t reprt 6.________ (they) deeds t the ryal curt and be presented with 500 liang silver cins as awards. In the Qing Dynasty, well­perfrming teachers wuld be prmted t 7.________ (high) psitins than befre r btain a salary rise.
The custms t shw respect t teachers varied frm regin t regin. Tday, the gal f Teachers' Day is t frm a scial climate 8.________ teachers are respected and knwledge is valued. And its date is 9.________ (fficial) set at the beginning f the schl year. The celebratin includes cngratulatins 10.________students, recmmending utstanding teachers, the exchange f ideas amng teachers and s n.
Test 2
[2021·太原市二模]A cncrete bkstre in Wisdm Bay Sci­tech Innvatin Park in Shanghai is the first 3D­printed bkstre in China. It pened 1.________ the public in March, 2021. The bkstre cnsists f three parts, ne f 2.________ is the area f abut 30 square meters, 3.________ (accmmdate) at mst 15 peple inside at a time.
Different frm simple wrks such as a 3D­printed flwer basin, the bkstre is 4.________ innvative attempt in the architecture field. Besides saving time, the 3D­printed architecture is 5.________ (cheap) in cmparisn with buildings using cnventinal 6.________ (technique) as well. In additin, 7.________ (it) use f fiber cncrete is unique, which strengthens the earthquake 8.________ (resist). Experts say it is as safe as any traditinal cncrete cnstructin 9.________ (base) n the experimental data.
Up t nw, many similar researches n 3D­printed cncrete technlgy 10.________ (cnduct) in France, Switzerland and Russia. But China's researches and achievements in this field are amng the best in the wrld.
Test 3
[2021·昆明市高考模拟]The Nbel Prize is ne f the mst famus prizes in the wrld. The prizes were first awarded n December 10, 1901. That was five years after the death f Alfred Nbel, the 1.________ (create) f the prizes. Fr many years, prizes were awarded in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. A 2.________ (six) award fr ecnmics was created in 1968.
Marie Curie was the first wman 3.________ (receive) the award, in 1903 in physics. She 4.________ (share) the award with her husband and anther scientist. In 1911, she was awarded the prize in chemistry. Curie is ne f the nly tw peple ever t win Nbel Prizes in different areas. 5.________ (surprising), her daughter Irène als wn the Nbel Prize in chemistry. They were the nly­mther­daughter pair t have wn the prize.
The prize cmmittees are made up 6.________ famus schlars and scientists. Nbel prize winners 7.________ (chse) very carefully. The vting is tp secret. Prizes are presented t the winners every year n December 10. The prize winners are sme f the mst imprtant peple in the wrld. 8.________ (win) the award helps them cntinue their wrk. The Nbel Fundatin awards cash, a diplma 9.________ a gld medal t each prize winner. The cash amunt changes based n 10.________ it is given t ne individual r shared amng a grup f peple.
Test 4
[2021·贵阳市高三适应性考试二]Smetimes it 1.________ (take) specially designed methds and appraches t let kids learn things which might nt naturally cme t them. Likewise, the first step in teaching 2.________ child t play ftball is letting her becme familiar 3.________ the ball. Trainers at child ftball classes questin them 4.________ (repeat) “What d we use in ftball？” and kids answer “Feet”．
Next, they shuld 5.________ (allw) t becme cnfident with the ball. Fr this, yu ask her t keep the ball under ne ft and then d it with the ther ne. Subsequently, yu gently rll it frwards and backwards by supprting the kid's ft n it. It lets her knw that she can cntrl the ball withut hands.
Prgressing gently yu can start shwing the 6.________ (difference) paths the ft can fllw t stp and cntrl the ball. Yu rll the ball twards her and let her cntrl the ball. Fllwed by this cmes the fun part, 7.________ yu teach yur kid t kick the ball prperly. Teach her t kick with the tp f the ft with the laces part and nt let her get stuck at 8.________ (kick) by the te­end.
After having her equipped with these basics, yu can cntinue gradually teaching 9.________ (she) dribbling (带球), sme trickery and advanced ftball skills. It takes a lt f 10.________ (patient) and time, but eventually, the jy the kid will find in the sprt is wrth all f it.
Test 1
1．答案与解析：dates 考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，date在本句中作谓语动词。结合语境可知，此处介绍教师节的起源，讲述的是客观情况，需用一般现在时；“date back t”不用被动语态；主语The histry f Chinese Teachers' Day为单数，所以空处需要填dates。
2．答案与解析：fllwed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应为非谓语动词；fllw与其逻辑主语the emperr之间形成了动宾关系，所以空处需要填fllwed。
3．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。结合语境“在这一天，全国各地的老师享受一天的假期”可知，此处需要用到冠词；“一天的假期”表泛指，且后面的名词day的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处需要填a。
4．答案与解析：were given 考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，give在本句中作谓语，与前面的enjyed并列，所以时态也应该用一般过去时；“全国各地的老师被给予风干的肉作为礼物”表被动；主语teachers arund the natin为复数形式，所以空处需要填were given。
5．答案与解析：institutins 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处与前面的名词复数academies并列，所以空处也需要填名词复数，故填institutins。
6．答案与解析：their 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词deeds，需要用到形容词性物主代词，所以填their。
7．答案与解析：higher 考查形容词比较级。根据本句中的“than befre”和语境可知，空处需要用到形容词的比较级，所以填higher。
8．答案与解析：where 考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a scial climate（为抽象地点），空处在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。
9．答案与解析：fficially 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，需要用到副词，所以填fficially。
10．答案与解析：frm 考查介词。根据语境“庆祝活动包括来自学生的祝贺”可知，空处需要填frm。
Test 2
1．答案与解析：t 考查介词。该句意为“它（该书店）于2021年3月向公众开放”。故填t。
2．答案与解析：which 考查关系词。分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代空前的three parts作介词f的宾语，故用which。这里说的是书店由三个部分组成，其中一个面积约30平方米，最多可同时容纳15人。
3．答案与解析：accmmdating 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作主句的伴随状语，主语The bkstre和动词accmmdate是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词accmmdating。
4．答案与解析：an 考查冠词。该处泛指“一次创新的尝试”，故用不定冠词，且innvative的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。
5．答案与解析：cheaper 考查形容词比较级。根据该句中的“in cmparisn with”可知，除了节省时间，3D打印建筑也比使用传统技术的建筑更便宜。故用cheap的比较级cheaper。
6．答案与解析：techniques 考查名词单复数。technique为可数名词，根据常识可知，传统技术有多种，故用该名词的复数形式。
7．答案与解析：its 考查代词。空格在名词之前，因此填形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”使用。
8．答案与解析：resistance 考查名词。冠词后接名词，根据the可知，该处用名词形式。
9．答案与解析：based 考查非谓语动词。该句意为：专家表示，根据实验数据，它和任何传统的混凝土建筑一样安全。此处表示“根据……，基于……”，应用be based n结构，故填based。
10．答案与解析：have been cnducted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Up t nw”可知，该句用现在完成时；主语many similar researches和谓语动词cnduct之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；且主语为名词复数，故填have been cnducted。该句意为：到目前为止，法国、瑞士、俄罗斯等国家已经开展了许多类似的3D打印混凝土技术研究。
Test 3
1．答案与解析：creatr 考查词形转换。根据空前的“the”可知，此处需用名词且作Alfred Nbel的同位语。故填creatr。
2．答案与解析：sixth 考查序数词。根据空后的“award”是单数可知，此处应用序数词。故填sixth。
3．答案与解析：t receive 考查固定句型。sb. is the first man t d sth.是固定句型，意为“某人是第一个做某事的人”。故填t receive。
4．答案与解析：shared 考查时态。根据上句中的“in 1903”可知，此空需用一般过去时。故填shared。
5．答案与解析：Surprisingly 考查词形转换。修饰句子应用副词作状语。故填Surprisingly。
6．答案与解析：f 考查固定短语。be made up f是固定短语，意为“由……构成”。故填f。
7．答案与解析：are chsen 考查时态和语态。此处讲诺贝尔奖获奖者的产生，与谓语动词之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时；主语为“获奖者”，与谓语动词之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故此空应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are chsen。
8．答案与解析：Winning/T win 考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是“helps”，故此空应用非谓语动词，可使用动名词短语作主语表示这件事，亦可用不定式作主语表示目的。故填Winning/T win。
9．答案与解析：and 考查连词。cash, a diplma和a gld medal是三个并列的成分。故填and。
10．答案与解析：whether 考查宾语从句连接词。根据空后的“r”可知，此处表达“是……还是……”。故填whether。
Test 4
1．答案与解析：takes 考查一般现在时。由Smetimes以及整篇语境可知，空处需要用一般现在时表示客观现实，因为主语为it，故用takes。
2．答案与解析：a 考查不定冠词。教孩子踢足球的第一步是让孩子熟悉足球。此处应用不定冠词表示泛指概念，又因为child的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
3．答案与解析：with 考查介词。be familiar with...（某人）对……熟悉。注意be familiar t的意思是“某物为某人所熟悉”。
4．答案与解析：repeatedly 考查词形转换。修饰动词用副词，此处表示反复询问学生这一问题。
5．答案与解析：be allwed 考查被动语态。此处表示孩子们应该被允许做某事，故应用被动语态，又因为shuld是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填be allwed。
6．答案与解析：different 考查词形转换。名词前面需要形容词作定语，故用different。
7．答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，该空引导定语从句修饰part，且该空在句中作地点状语，故用where，where相当于in which。
8．答案与解析：kicking 考查现在分词。介词之后用现在分词，故用kicking。注意该空后面的by表示方法，不是表示被动意义。
9．答案与解析：her 考查代词。空处作动词的宾语，所以用代词宾格形式。因为此处主语和宾语不是同一个人，不用反身代词。
10．答案与解析：patience 考查词形转换。此处动词take之后需要跟宾语，故用该词的名词形式作宾语。注意patience为不可数名词。