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小升初英语语法时态总复习课件
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这是一份小升初英语语法时态总复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了名词复数形式的构成，不规则名词的复数，所有格，Practise，不定冠词aan，定冠词the，零冠词，名词前可不用冠词，Be动词，was were等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、名词二、代词三、冠词四、动词五、动词的时态：1. 一般现在时2. 现在进行时3. 一般将来时4. 一般过去时六、介词七、数词八、形容词和副词
九、there be结构十、英语基本句型1.陈述句变否定句2.陈述句变疑问句3.特殊疑问句十一、单词分类
英语语法中，名词有两种数的形式：1）单数（表示一个人或事物）；2）复数（表示多于一个的人或数）。只有可数名词才有复数形式。
名词的数：
由元音字母的变化构成： man-men, tth-teeth, ft-feet, muse-mice, wman-wmen2. 有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样： sheep, deer, fish(但也可以是fishes)有些名词变成复数时加-en: child-children, x-xen
所有格的形式单数人称名词末尾加 ’schild-child’s以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加’swaitress-waitress’s不规则的复数人称名词末尾加’schildren-children’s以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加’girls-girls’以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加’sJames-James’s
下列情况一般用 “f”结构：东西(没有现成的复合名词时): the bk f the film2. 东西的一部分: the bttm f the bx3. 抽象的概念: the price f success4. 当f短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时： Can’t yu lk at the bk f the by behind yu?
’s结构也可以用于 “f”结构之后，如：a friend f my father’s , 出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：this sn f mine, a friend f yurs, a cusin f hers等等。Isn’t Frank a friend f yurs?That silly uncle f Tm’s has tld me the same Jke five times.
peach_________ 2. z _________3. glass _________4. fx _______5. lady _________6. plicewman _________7. huse ___________8. pht _________9. mnkey __________10. wife __________11. rse ____________12. path __________13. judge ___________14. map ___________
主格： I we yu she he it they宾格： me us yu her him it them形容词性物主代词： my ur yur her his its their名词性物主代词： mine urs yurs hers his its theirs
能够在句子中独立作主语、宾语或表语
主格一般放在句前，宾格一般放在动词或者介词后面
_______(他) is my brther.2. I had a letter frm __________ (她).3. It’s all right; it’s nly _________(我).4. Tday ________(我们) went in _________(我们的) car; tmrrw ________(我们) are ging in _________(他们的).5. ________(我) lend _________(我的) bks gladly t _______ (我的) friends and t ________(你的).6. Can yu help _________(我) with ________(我的) English.7. When ________(你) g t see _________(你的) father, please take these bks t ________(他).8. ________(他们) fund _______(它) difficult t learn German.
只能用于单数可数名词之前
单数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词
不定冠词的用法：表示“一”，“任何一个”或“不管哪一个”的意思。 I have a sister and tw brthers.2. 在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessns three times a week.3. 用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。 Gerge wants t be an engineer.4. 在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短语中。 have a gd time, half an hur, have a headache….
定冠词的用法：用来表示“独一无二”的意思。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。 There is a bat in the river. The bat is made f wd.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。 the letter frm America, the furteenth f April4. 用在泛指的乐器名词前。 He plays the pian.5. 一些常用短语。 by the way, in the mrning, What’s the matter?
零冠词的用法：泛指的抽象名词前。Life is very hard fr sme peple.2. 泛指的物质名词前。Water is very useful.3. 泛指的复数名词前。Bks are my best friends.4. 泛指的“餐”名前。Cme t have dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多数的专有名词前。He cmes frm France.6. 语言的名词前。She can speak French.7. 在季节和节日的名词前。Winter is the best time fr skating.8. 当名词前已有一些代词修饰时。My brther is a sldier.9. 在体育项目的名词前。play basketball10. 一些常用短语。 at hme, g t schl, at night
动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。
小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词can等。
am, is, are
1. He ________ very gd at English. 2. My father and I ________ ging t Beijing next mnth. 3. ________ yu n duty the day befre yesterday? 4. Mr. King ________ in Lndn tw weeks ag. 5. There ________ many kinds f animals in the z. 6. What ________ the date yesterday? 7. Lk! A little girl ________ flying a kite. 8. Wh ________ nt at schl last Mnday? 9. Have yu ever ________ t Japan?10. I ______ nt a nurse. I wrk as a dctr.
动词be和have的第三人称单数现在式分别是is和has。
动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。
小学阶段所学的时态有：一般现在时：wrk/wrks2. 现在进行时：am/is/are wrking3. 一般将来时：am/is/are ging t wrk4. 一般过去时：wrked
The Revisin f Fur Tenses
always > usually > ften > smetimes > never
I / Yu / We / They
He / She / It
1. +s e.g. plays visits
2. +es (以, ch, sh, s, x结 尾） e.g. ges watches washes kisses fixes
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的去y变i+es e.g. fly ----flies
4. 不规则变化e.g. have ---- has
nw / lk / listen
IWe / Yu/ TheyHe / She / It
+ ing e.g. ding
2. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写最后一个字母+ing e.g. swimming running getting
3. 以哑巴e结尾，要去e再+ing e.g. write ----writing take ----taking
tmrrw / the day after tmrrw / next week / next mnth / next year…..
I We / Yu / TheyHe / She / It
I / We / Yu / They / He / She / It
yesterday / the day befre yesterday / three days ag / ne mnth ag / last year / last mnth / last night / yesterday evening
I / We / Yu / They He / She / It
1. +ed e.g. played
2. 以e结尾+d e.g. danced
3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写最后一个字母+ed e.g. stpped
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的将y变i+ed e.g. fly ---- flied
5. 不规则 e.g. d ---- did g ---- went take ---- tk
Peter ________ (play) basketball twice a week.2. D yu believe what he ________ (say) just nw?3. Lk! The lazy cat ____________ (sleep) in the sfa.4. There _______(be) a bk and tw pens n the desk.5. _____yu _______________(see ) a film tmrrw mrning? 6. She ____________(nt play) the guitar at the mment.7. What ______his father usually _______(d) in the evening ?8. They ______________ ( have ) a meeting next week, aren't they? 9. Bth he and I ________ (be) teachers. 10. I ___________ (nt feel ) very well yesterday .11. He put n his cat and _________ (g) ut.12. Lei Feng ften ____________ (help) thers and he was helpful. Next Sunday, we ___________________ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Yur mther ____________ (wait) fr yu at the schl gate.
is sleeping
isn’t playing
are ging t have
didn’t feel
are ging t clean
介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语。介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。
in, n, at, under, t, behind, beside, near, befre, in frnt f, next t, between
in, n, at, after, befre, frm…t, past, between
f, by, with, int, ut f, fr,
1. Lk _____ the picture. It's picture___ my schl. 2. There is a schl building ____ my schl. It has five flrs.______ the schl building, there is a big playgrund. ________schl, the children always play ball games there. 3. My classrm is____ the fifth flr. It's big and clean. 4. Miss Li is ur class teacher. She cmes ______ schl early every mrning. She cmes ____bicycle. Then she des mrning exercises ______us. She likes sprts. Tmrrw is her birthday. We will make a card ___ her. We lve her very much. 5. There are sme apples _____ the tree. 6. –Where’s yur study? –It’s next ____ my bedrm.7. The car _____ the tree is Jack’s. 8. The ball is________ the dr, s yu can’t see it.9. _____ ______ ____the huse, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Smene is kncking ____the dr.11. There is smething wrng _____ my cmputer.
In frnt f
表示数目的词称为基数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词
1—12的基数词：ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve13—19的基数词： thirteen, furteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen20—90的基数词： twenty, thirty, frty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21—29的基数： twenty-ne, twenty-tw, twenty-three, twenty-fur, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, frty-eight, fifty-seven….
十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号“-”
2. 百位数：ne hundred, tw hundred, three hundred, fur hundred…five hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and ne3. 千位数：ne thusand, fur thusand, seven thusand ne hundred and five
百位数和十位数之间加and。
英语中没有“万”这个单位，所以常用thusand来表示。
ten thusand, thirty thusand, fifteen thusand ne hundred,five hundred and ne thusand fur hundred and thirty-tw
英语序数词第1-19除了first, secnd与third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基数词加后缀-th构成。 注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和twelfth的拼法。2. 十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth,如： twenty—twentieth, frty—frtieth3.十位数的序数词如果含有1-9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间用“-”连字符。如： twenty-furth, ninety-fifth4. 百、千、万等的序数词由hundred, thusand, millin等加-th,前面加有关的基数词构成。如： ne hundredth, ne thusandth 注意：序数词前的ne不能用a代替。 ne hundred and twenty-first
1. There are ____ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five 2.______peple visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred f D. Hundreds f 3.There are tw_____ peple in the meeting rm. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds f D. hundred f 4.____ trees have been planted in ur schl in the past 10 years. A. Thusands f B. Tw thusands C. Thusand f D. Tw thusand f 5. My brther is in____. A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade ne 6. We are ging t learn___ this term. A. bk six B. six bk C. the bk six D. Bk Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____. A. seventy-eight thusand and six hundred and frty-five B. seventy-eight thusand six hundred and frty five C. seventy-eight thusand six hundred and frty-five D. seventy eight thusand six hundred and frty-five
8. "The year 1999" shuld be read "The year____". A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. ne thusand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine 9. He will cme here ____ tmrrw mrning. A. at fifth B. at ten C. n tw D. till tenth 10. Every day he begins t d his hmewrk ___. A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass ten C. n ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_____ by. A. f ten years ld B. ten-year-ld C. at ten ld D. f age f ten 12. There are____ mnths in a year. December is the ____ mnth f the year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During____ century, the wrld ppulatin has already reached 6 billin. A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty 14. Jenny was brn_______. A. n July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. n 1987, July 10
形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。
He is a gd student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is smething wrng with the bike.4. Lucy is lder than Helen.
The prblem is very difficult.2. He wrte the letters carefully.
1. 方式副词：carefully, quickly, suddenly… 2. 地点副词：here, there, up, dwn…3. 时间副词：yesterday, tday, nw…4. 程度副词：very, quite, much, just…
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1. 用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比……更……一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比。为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He gt mre infrmatin than I did.He runs faster than I.
2. 如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用 “as+形容词/副词+as”, 形容词不用比较级而用原级。在作否定比较时，可以用nt as…as…, nt s…as…, 也可以用less…than…，如：Jimmy is as tall as his father.I dn’t write as/s well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that ne.
3. 为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比较”的方法，这种结构后面不可跟than引导的比较状语从句。如：He is crying harder and harder.Our cuntry gets mre and mre beautiful.Cmputers are getting smaller and smaller, and cmputing faster and faster.
4. 表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和the一起用，表示“越……，就越……”的意思。如：The higher the muntain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier yu start, the sner yu will be back.
1. Shanghai is ________than Beijing. It is ____________ city in ur cuntry. (large) 2. Bill isn’t as ______ as Mike. Tm is ______ than Mike. Wh is ________ f the three bys? (ld) 3. Mary draws as ______ as Bill, and she is much _______ than him at singing. (well, gd) 4. Spring is cming. The weather is getting ________ and _________.(warm) 5. Tm, Jn and I bught a cmputer each last week. Jhn’s cmputer is much ____________ than Tm’s and mine. It is _________________ f the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little __________ tday than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brwn is much ________ than she was tw years ag. (healthy) 8. Which d yu like _________, basketball, vlleyball, r ftball? (well)
the largest
mre expensive
the mst expensive
九、There be 的结构
肯定句： There is/was a … There are/were …一般疑问句:Is/Was there …? Yes, there is/was. N, there isn’t/was. Are there…? Yes, there are/were. N, there aren’t/weren’t.否定句： There isn’t/wasn’t …. There aren’t/weren’t….
There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。
There be 的结构
Sme 和 any 一般情况下， sme用于肯定句中， any用于否定句中。如： There is sme milk in the bttle. There aren’t any pictures n the wall. Is there anything new in tday’s newspaper?
3. 特殊疑问句：What’s in the basket? There are sme eggs in it.2) Hw many students are there in yur class? There are fifty students.
2. Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则： There is a pen and tw pencils in the bx. There are sme students and a teacher in the classrm.
1．There ________ n tea in the cup． A．is B．are C．has D．be 2．There ________ in the next rm． A．is Tm B．are sme bys C．are they D．is the by 3．There is sme ________ n the plate． A．apple B．bread C．banana D．sandwich 4．There ________ sme paper and a pen n the desk． A．is B．are C．have D．has 5．There's ging t ________ in tmrrw's newspapers． A．have smething new B．have new smething C．be smething new D．be new smething 6．There is sme milk in the bttle， ________ ？ A．isn't there B．aren't there C．isn't it D．are there 7． ________ is there n the table？ A．Hw many apples B．Hw much bread C．Hw much breads D．Hw many fd 8．There is ________ ld wman in the car． A．× B．a C．the D．an
9．There's ________ range tree behind ________ huse． A．an ；the B．a；a C．the；the 10．There is _____ map in the classrm．____ map is n the wall． A．a；A B．the；The C．a；The D．the；A 11．There is ____ “f”and _____ “u”in the wrd“fur”． A．an；a B．a；a C．an；an D．a；an 12．There ______ nt any water in the glass． A．has B．is C．are 13．There ________ an apple and ten bananas in the basket．Yu can take any f them． A．are B．is C．has D．have 14． ________ any flwers n bth sides f the street？ A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have 15．There is little water in the glass， ________ ？ A．isn 't there B．isn't it C．is it D．is there 16．There ________ sme water in the bttle． A．are B．is C．has D．have 17．Hw many ________ are there in yur classrm？ A．desks B．desk C．chair D．dr
陈述句变否定句的规则如下：（1） 句中有be动词的，直接在be动词后面加nt.She is my sister.She is nt my sister.
（2） 句中有情态动词的，直接在情态动词后面加ntYu may cme here tmrrw .Yu may nt cme here tmrrw.
（3） 句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are，也没有情态动词can may must的，在实意动词前面加dn’t或desn’t,，当主语是第三人称单数时，加desn’t.相应的实意动词变为原型。She studies English at schl .She des nt study English at schl.
陈述句变疑问句的规则如下：（1） 句中有be动词的，把be动词提到句首。He is a writer. Is he a writer?
（2） 句中有情态动词的，把情态动词提到句首。（must, may, can,culd,need,…)I can clean the windw.Can yu clean the windw?
（3）句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are，也没有情态动词can may must的，在句首前面加d或des，当主语是第三人称单数时，加des.相应的实意动词变为原型He likes cws. Des he like cws?
Are yu bys? Yes,we are(N,we aren't) Is she a nurse? Yes,she is.(N,she isn't)
Des he like cws? Yes,he des.(N,he desn't) D we dance after schl? Yes ,we d.(N,we dn't)
He is my brther.He is nt my brther.=He isn’t my brther.Is he my brther?Yes,he is.N,he is nt.= N,he isn’t
She can swim.She can nt(can’t)swim.Can she swim?Yes,she can.N,she can nt(can’t).
Ann likes running.Ann desn’t like running.Des Ann like running?Yes,she des.N,she desn’t.
特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。 它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, wh(whm), whse,which,when,where,hw,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或n来回答。
特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句eg:Be+主语+动词-ing+其他？eg:D/des+主语+动词原形+其他?what, wh(whm), whse,which,when, where,hw,why不用yes或n来回答
1) what 对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问 The twins are making a kite What are the twins d? Mrs Turner asks her sn t buy sme eggs . What des Mrs Turner ask her sn t buy ?
2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。 I‘m ging t take the shirt n the right. Which shirt are yu ging t take?
3)对指人名词或代词提问用wh。 Li Ping is my sister. Wh is Li Ping?
4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whse ，作宾语时提问用whm Li Ping's catWhse cat my fatherWhse father
5)对具体时间提出疑问, 疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词用what time。 It’s 10:00 What time is it?I g hme at night.When d yu g hme?
6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。 The bys are having a picnic in the park.Where are the bys having a picnic ?
7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。 Jm didn‘t g t the farm with us because he was ill. Why did Jm g t the farm with us?
8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词Hw。 He likes apples very much.Hw des he like apples?
9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为Hw many，要注意hw many必须跟名词的复数形式。 There are tw sheep .Hw many sheep are there?
10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用Hw much。 I pay fifty yuan fr the sweater. Hw much d yu pay fr the sweater?
11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用Hw lng。 I wrk in that factry fr tw years. Hw lng d yu wrk in that factry?
12)对时间频率，如 nce a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用Hw ften。I swim nce a year.Hw ften d yu swim?
13)对具体次数, nce, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用Hw many times。 B did he call yu the day befre yesterday?Twice. A.What time B.Hw many times C.Hw much D.Hw lng
14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用Hw sn。 They finish the wrk in tw hurs. Hw sn d they finish the wrk?
15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用Hw far。 It's abut tw kilmetres frm here .Hw far is it frm here?
16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 What's the date? What day is it ? What's the weather like? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。
Tm visits the Science Museum every year.2. The building near the factry is the Peple’s hspital.3. Jack did well in maths.4. It’s cludy tday.5. My mther is ver 40 years ld.6. I usually take N. 4 bus t wrk.7. We have a class meeting nce a week.
What des Tm visit every year?
Which building is the Peple’s hspital?
Hw did Jack d in maths?
What’s the weather like tday?
Hw ld is yur mther?
Which bus d yu usually take t wrk?
Hw ften d yu have a class meeting?
8. The cat is 388 yuan.9. Uncle Wang feels better nw.10. He ges t schl by bus.11. They are cleaning their classrm nw.12. They are n the lake.13. Xia Wang is lking fr his teacher. 14. Tm’s mther is a music teacher. 15. I g t wrk at eight .
Hw much is the cat?
Hw des Uncle Wang feel nw?
Hw des he g t schl?
What are they ding nw?
Where are they?
Wh is Xia Wang lking fr?
What is Tm’s mther’s jb?/ What des Tm’s mther d?
What time d yu g t wrk?
星期名称 月份名称 时间季节 天气状况 空间方位 各种颜色 水果蔬菜 饮食相关 国家名称 职业称谓 家居处所 家庭成员 身体部位 服装相关 动物名称 运动相关 交通工具 学习用品 基 数 词 序 数 词 反 义 词 频率副词 各类代词
Learning English
January February March April 一月 二月 三月 四月 May June July August 五月 六月 七月 八月 September Octber Nvember 九月 十月 十一月 December mnth 十二月 月份
Sunday Mnday Tuesday 星期天 星期一 星期二 Wednesday Thursday Friday 星期三 星期四 星期五 Saturday week 星期六 星期/周
blue range red yellw 蓝色(的) 橙黄色(的) 红色(的) 黄色(的) black green pink white 黑色(的) 绿色(的) 粉色(的) 白色(的) brwn purple blnd gray 棕色(的) 紫色(的) 淡黄色(的) 灰白(的) clur 颜色
grandfather grandmther father 祖父(爷爷或姥爷) 祖母(奶奶或姥姥) 父亲 mther daughter sn brther 母亲 女儿 儿子 哥哥/弟弟 sister wife husband 姐姐/妹妹 妻子 丈夫 aunt uncle 阿姨/姑母/婶母/伯母/舅母 叔叔/伯伯/姨夫/姑父/舅父 cusin family 堂/表兄弟；堂/表姐妹 家庭
head hair face eye ear muth 头 头发 脸 眼 耳朵 嘴 tth nse shulder elbw arm 牙齿 鼻子 肩膀 肘 胳膊 hand finger leg knee ft te 手 手指 腿 膝盖 脚 脚趾 stmach skin bne muscle bdy 胃/肚子 皮肤 骨骼；骨头 肌肉 身体
hat scarf mittens (=mitts) glves 帽子 围巾 连指手套 手套 bts shes runners sandals 靴子 鞋 运动鞋 凉鞋/拖鞋 scks cat jacket shirt bluse 袜子 外套 夹克衫 男衬衫 女衬衫 T-shirt sweater pants jeans T恤衫 毛衣 裤子 牛仔裤shrts pyjamas skirt dress 短裤 睡衣裤 裙子 连衣裙 swimsuit husecat clthes (女式)游泳衣 妇女的家居便服 衣服
near far in frnt f behind 在…附近 远的/遥远的 在…前面 在…后面 n under inside utside tp 在…上面 在…下面 (在)里面 (在)外面 顶/顶部bttm left right crner east 底部/末尾 左/左边 右/右边 角/角落 东/东方 west suth nrth abve belw 西/西方 南/南方 北/北方 在…上方 在…下方 in beside 在…内 在…旁边
rain snw wind ice 雨 雪 风 冰 sun rainy snwy windy 太阳 下雨的 下雪的 有风的 sunny cludy warm cl 晴朗的 多云的 暖和的 凉爽的 cld ht weather 冷的 热的 天气
breakfast lunch supper sugar cake 早餐 午餐 晚餐 糖 蛋糕 pp sup water juice milk 汽水 汤 水 果汁 牛奶 dumpling fish tea meat ndles 饺子 鱼 茶 肉 面条 rice pizza dnut hamburger 米饭 比萨饼 面包圈 汉堡包 chicken ckies French fries eat 鸡肉 饼干 炸薯条 吃 ht dg ice cream thirsty drink 热狗 冰淇淋 渴的 喝hungry fd 饥饿的 食物
cat dg duck elephant gat 猫 狗 鸭 大象 山羊 kangar lin mnkey sheep 袋鼠 狮子 猴子 绵羊 pig tiger wlf chicken cw 猪 虎 狼 鸡 母牛/奶牛fish animal 鱼 动物
everyne I yu he she it they 人人/大家 我 你(们) 他 她 它 他(她)们 me him her them my yur 我 他 她(的) 他们 我的 你(们)的 his its their we ur this that 他的 它的 他(她)们的 我们 我们的 这/这个 那/那个 these thse mine yurs 这些 那些 我的(东西) 你的(东西)
jump run walk trip 跳 跑 走路/步行 旅行 swim skate ski skip 游泳 滑冰 滑雪 跳/蹦 play sccer ping-png 玩 足球 乒乓球 basketball badmintn 篮球 羽毛球 sprt 运动
China Canada Australia 中国 加拿大 澳大利亚 U.K. U.S. Cuntry 英国 美国 国家
spring summer fall winter 春天 夏天 秋天 冬天 seasn year day hur 季节 年 天 小时 minute yesterday tday 分钟 昨天 今天 tmrrw 明天
ne tw three fur five six seven eight nine ten
eleven twelve thirteen furteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
twenty-ne twenty-tw twenty-three twenty-fur twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty
frty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety ne hundred ne thusand
first secnd third furth 第一 第二 第三 第四 fifth sixth seventh eighth 第五 第六 第七 第八 ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 第九 第十 第十一 第十二 …
teacher cashier clerk waitress 教师 出纳员 办事员 女服务员/女侍者 waiter bus driver player nurse 侍者 公共汽车司机 运动员 护士 plice fficer carpenter dctr 警官 木匠 医生 businessman businesswman peple （男）商人 女商人 人/人们 baby child children by girl 婴儿 孩子 孩子们 男孩 女孩man men wman wmen 男人 男人们 女人 女人们
train airplane (plane) truck 火车 飞机 卡车 bus cab (taxi) bicycle (bike) 公共汽车 出租车 自行车 car schl bus 小汽车 校车
huse apartment rm kitchen 房子 公寓/套间 房间 厨房 living rm bathrm schl 起居室 浴室 学校 classrm library gym htel 教室 图书馆 体育馆/健身房 饭店/旅馆 restaurant park bus stp 餐馆 公园 公共汽车站
blackbard chalk desk chair 黑板 粉笔 课桌 椅子 bk pen pencil paper 书 钢笔 铅笔 纸 eraser marker 橡皮 水彩笔
always ften usually 总是/永远 常常 通常/经常 smetimes never 有时 从来没有
range apple banana 橙子 苹果 香蕉 meln strawberry grape 瓜 草莓 葡萄 cabbage nin pea 白菜 洋葱 豌豆 carrt fruit vegetable 胡萝卜 水果 蔬菜
1. arrive — leave 到达 — 离开 2. cme — g 来 — 去 3. east — west 东 — 西 4. nrth — suth 北 — 南 5. stand — sit 站 — 坐 6. this — that 这 — 那 7. these — thse 这些 — 那些 8. black — white 黑色 — 白色 9. shrt — lng (tall) 短（矮） — 长（高） 10. clean — dirty 干净的 — 脏的 11. big — small (little) 大的 — 小的 12. lud — quiet 吵闹的 — 安静的
13. ludly — quietly 吵闹地 — 安静地 14. dry — wet 干的 — 湿的 15. ht — cld 热的 — 冷的 16. warm — cl 温暖的 — 凉爽的 17. same — different 相同的 — 不同的 18. befre — after 在…之前 — 在…之后 19. win — lse 赢 — 输 20. far-near 远的 — 近的 21. easy-hard 容易的 — 难的 22. left-right 左边 — 右边 23. tp — bttm 顶部— 底部 24. early — late 早的 — 晚的
25. heavy — light 重的 — 轻的 26. slw — fast (quick) 慢的 — 快的 27. slwer — faster 较快的 — 较慢的 28. slwly — quickly 缓慢地 — 快速地 29. strng — weak 强壮的 — 虚弱的 30. high — lw 高 — 低 31. learn — teach 学 — 教 32. inside — utside (在)里面 — (在)外面 33. put n — take ff 穿上 — 脱下 34. frward — backward 朝前走 — 向后走 35. thrw — catch 扔 — 接住 36. healthy — sick 健康的 — 有病的
37. ask — answer 问 — 回答 38. expensive — cheap 昂贵的 — 便宜的 39. up — dwn 向上 — 向下 40. happy — sad 高兴的 — 悲伤的 41. n — under 在…上面 — 在…下面 42. abve — belw 在…上方 — 在…下方 43. cry — laugh 哭 — 笑 44. ld — new 旧的 — 新的 45. ld — yung 老的 — 年轻的
A. shwer B. sink C. refrigeratr D. ck A. living rm B. tilet C. kitchen D. bathrm A. make B. dry C .wash D .stve A. bts B. always C. never D. smetimesA. shape B. circle C. triangle D. squareA. mitts B. summer C. spring D. fallA. snw B. rain C. winter D. windA. wet B. teach C. learn D. thinkA .ski B. sun C. skate D. put n A. card B. bring C. give D. invite
一、名词二、代词三、冠词四、动词五、动词的时态：1. 一般现在时2. 现在进行时3. 一般将来时4. 一般过去时六、介词七、数词八、形容词和副词
九、there be结构十、英语基本句型1.陈述句变否定句2.陈述句变疑问句3.特殊疑问句十一、单词分类
英语语法中，名词有两种数的形式：1）单数（表示一个人或事物）；2）复数（表示多于一个的人或数）。只有可数名词才有复数形式。
名词的数：
由元音字母的变化构成： man-men, tth-teeth, ft-feet, muse-mice, wman-wmen2. 有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样： sheep, deer, fish(但也可以是fishes)有些名词变成复数时加-en: child-children, x-xen
所有格的形式单数人称名词末尾加 ’schild-child’s以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加’swaitress-waitress’s不规则的复数人称名词末尾加’schildren-children’s以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加’girls-girls’以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加’sJames-James’s
下列情况一般用 “f”结构：东西(没有现成的复合名词时): the bk f the film2. 东西的一部分: the bttm f the bx3. 抽象的概念: the price f success4. 当f短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时： Can’t yu lk at the bk f the by behind yu?
’s结构也可以用于 “f”结构之后，如：a friend f my father’s , 出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：this sn f mine, a friend f yurs, a cusin f hers等等。Isn’t Frank a friend f yurs?That silly uncle f Tm’s has tld me the same Jke five times.
peach_________ 2. z _________3. glass _________4. fx _______5. lady _________6. plicewman _________7. huse ___________8. pht _________9. mnkey __________10. wife __________11. rse ____________12. path __________13. judge ___________14. map ___________
主格： I we yu she he it they宾格： me us yu her him it them形容词性物主代词： my ur yur her his its their名词性物主代词： mine urs yurs hers his its theirs
能够在句子中独立作主语、宾语或表语
主格一般放在句前，宾格一般放在动词或者介词后面
_______(他) is my brther.2. I had a letter frm __________ (她).3. It’s all right; it’s nly _________(我).4. Tday ________(我们) went in _________(我们的) car; tmrrw ________(我们) are ging in _________(他们的).5. ________(我) lend _________(我的) bks gladly t _______ (我的) friends and t ________(你的).6. Can yu help _________(我) with ________(我的) English.7. When ________(你) g t see _________(你的) father, please take these bks t ________(他).8. ________(他们) fund _______(它) difficult t learn German.
只能用于单数可数名词之前
单数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词
不定冠词的用法：表示“一”，“任何一个”或“不管哪一个”的意思。 I have a sister and tw brthers.2. 在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessns three times a week.3. 用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。 Gerge wants t be an engineer.4. 在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短语中。 have a gd time, half an hur, have a headache….
定冠词的用法：用来表示“独一无二”的意思。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。 There is a bat in the river. The bat is made f wd.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。 the letter frm America, the furteenth f April4. 用在泛指的乐器名词前。 He plays the pian.5. 一些常用短语。 by the way, in the mrning, What’s the matter?
零冠词的用法：泛指的抽象名词前。Life is very hard fr sme peple.2. 泛指的物质名词前。Water is very useful.3. 泛指的复数名词前。Bks are my best friends.4. 泛指的“餐”名前。Cme t have dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多数的专有名词前。He cmes frm France.6. 语言的名词前。She can speak French.7. 在季节和节日的名词前。Winter is the best time fr skating.8. 当名词前已有一些代词修饰时。My brther is a sldier.9. 在体育项目的名词前。play basketball10. 一些常用短语。 at hme, g t schl, at night
动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。
小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词can等。
am, is, are
1. He ________ very gd at English. 2. My father and I ________ ging t Beijing next mnth. 3. ________ yu n duty the day befre yesterday? 4. Mr. King ________ in Lndn tw weeks ag. 5. There ________ many kinds f animals in the z. 6. What ________ the date yesterday? 7. Lk! A little girl ________ flying a kite. 8. Wh ________ nt at schl last Mnday? 9. Have yu ever ________ t Japan?10. I ______ nt a nurse. I wrk as a dctr.
动词be和have的第三人称单数现在式分别是is和has。
动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。
小学阶段所学的时态有：一般现在时：wrk/wrks2. 现在进行时：am/is/are wrking3. 一般将来时：am/is/are ging t wrk4. 一般过去时：wrked
The Revisin f Fur Tenses
always > usually > ften > smetimes > never
I / Yu / We / They
He / She / It
1. +s e.g. plays visits
2. +es (以, ch, sh, s, x结 尾） e.g. ges watches washes kisses fixes
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的去y变i+es e.g. fly ----flies
4. 不规则变化e.g. have ---- has
nw / lk / listen
IWe / Yu/ TheyHe / She / It
+ ing e.g. ding
2. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写最后一个字母+ing e.g. swimming running getting
3. 以哑巴e结尾，要去e再+ing e.g. write ----writing take ----taking
tmrrw / the day after tmrrw / next week / next mnth / next year…..
I We / Yu / TheyHe / She / It
I / We / Yu / They / He / She / It
yesterday / the day befre yesterday / three days ag / ne mnth ag / last year / last mnth / last night / yesterday evening
I / We / Yu / They He / She / It
1. +ed e.g. played
2. 以e结尾+d e.g. danced
3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写最后一个字母+ed e.g. stpped
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的将y变i+ed e.g. fly ---- flied
5. 不规则 e.g. d ---- did g ---- went take ---- tk
Peter ________ (play) basketball twice a week.2. D yu believe what he ________ (say) just nw?3. Lk! The lazy cat ____________ (sleep) in the sfa.4. There _______(be) a bk and tw pens n the desk.5. _____yu _______________(see ) a film tmrrw mrning? 6. She ____________(nt play) the guitar at the mment.7. What ______his father usually _______(d) in the evening ?8. They ______________ ( have ) a meeting next week, aren't they? 9. Bth he and I ________ (be) teachers. 10. I ___________ (nt feel ) very well yesterday .11. He put n his cat and _________ (g) ut.12. Lei Feng ften ____________ (help) thers and he was helpful. Next Sunday, we ___________________ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Yur mther ____________ (wait) fr yu at the schl gate.
is sleeping
isn’t playing
are ging t have
didn’t feel
are ging t clean
介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语。介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。
in, n, at, under, t, behind, beside, near, befre, in frnt f, next t, between
in, n, at, after, befre, frm…t, past, between
f, by, with, int, ut f, fr,
1. Lk _____ the picture. It's picture___ my schl. 2. There is a schl building ____ my schl. It has five flrs.______ the schl building, there is a big playgrund. ________schl, the children always play ball games there. 3. My classrm is____ the fifth flr. It's big and clean. 4. Miss Li is ur class teacher. She cmes ______ schl early every mrning. She cmes ____bicycle. Then she des mrning exercises ______us. She likes sprts. Tmrrw is her birthday. We will make a card ___ her. We lve her very much. 5. There are sme apples _____ the tree. 6. –Where’s yur study? –It’s next ____ my bedrm.7. The car _____ the tree is Jack’s. 8. The ball is________ the dr, s yu can’t see it.9. _____ ______ ____the huse, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Smene is kncking ____the dr.11. There is smething wrng _____ my cmputer.
In frnt f
表示数目的词称为基数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词
1—12的基数词：ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve13—19的基数词： thirteen, furteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen20—90的基数词： twenty, thirty, frty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21—29的基数： twenty-ne, twenty-tw, twenty-three, twenty-fur, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, frty-eight, fifty-seven….
十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号“-”
2. 百位数：ne hundred, tw hundred, three hundred, fur hundred…five hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and ne3. 千位数：ne thusand, fur thusand, seven thusand ne hundred and five
百位数和十位数之间加and。
英语中没有“万”这个单位，所以常用thusand来表示。
ten thusand, thirty thusand, fifteen thusand ne hundred,five hundred and ne thusand fur hundred and thirty-tw
英语序数词第1-19除了first, secnd与third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基数词加后缀-th构成。 注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和twelfth的拼法。2. 十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth,如： twenty—twentieth, frty—frtieth3.十位数的序数词如果含有1-9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间用“-”连字符。如： twenty-furth, ninety-fifth4. 百、千、万等的序数词由hundred, thusand, millin等加-th,前面加有关的基数词构成。如： ne hundredth, ne thusandth 注意：序数词前的ne不能用a代替。 ne hundred and twenty-first
1. There are ____ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five 2.______peple visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred f D. Hundreds f 3.There are tw_____ peple in the meeting rm. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds f D. hundred f 4.____ trees have been planted in ur schl in the past 10 years. A. Thusands f B. Tw thusands C. Thusand f D. Tw thusand f 5. My brther is in____. A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade ne 6. We are ging t learn___ this term. A. bk six B. six bk C. the bk six D. Bk Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____. A. seventy-eight thusand and six hundred and frty-five B. seventy-eight thusand six hundred and frty five C. seventy-eight thusand six hundred and frty-five D. seventy eight thusand six hundred and frty-five
8. "The year 1999" shuld be read "The year____". A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. ne thusand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine 9. He will cme here ____ tmrrw mrning. A. at fifth B. at ten C. n tw D. till tenth 10. Every day he begins t d his hmewrk ___. A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass ten C. n ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_____ by. A. f ten years ld B. ten-year-ld C. at ten ld D. f age f ten 12. There are____ mnths in a year. December is the ____ mnth f the year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During____ century, the wrld ppulatin has already reached 6 billin. A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty 14. Jenny was brn_______. A. n July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. n 1987, July 10
形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。
He is a gd student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is smething wrng with the bike.4. Lucy is lder than Helen.
The prblem is very difficult.2. He wrte the letters carefully.
1. 方式副词：carefully, quickly, suddenly… 2. 地点副词：here, there, up, dwn…3. 时间副词：yesterday, tday, nw…4. 程度副词：very, quite, much, just…
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1. 用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比……更……一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比。为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He gt mre infrmatin than I did.He runs faster than I.
2. 如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用 “as+形容词/副词+as”, 形容词不用比较级而用原级。在作否定比较时，可以用nt as…as…, nt s…as…, 也可以用less…than…，如：Jimmy is as tall as his father.I dn’t write as/s well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that ne.
3. 为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比较”的方法，这种结构后面不可跟than引导的比较状语从句。如：He is crying harder and harder.Our cuntry gets mre and mre beautiful.Cmputers are getting smaller and smaller, and cmputing faster and faster.
4. 表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和the一起用，表示“越……，就越……”的意思。如：The higher the muntain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier yu start, the sner yu will be back.
1. Shanghai is ________than Beijing. It is ____________ city in ur cuntry. (large) 2. Bill isn’t as ______ as Mike. Tm is ______ than Mike. Wh is ________ f the three bys? (ld) 3. Mary draws as ______ as Bill, and she is much _______ than him at singing. (well, gd) 4. Spring is cming. The weather is getting ________ and _________.(warm) 5. Tm, Jn and I bught a cmputer each last week. Jhn’s cmputer is much ____________ than Tm’s and mine. It is _________________ f the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little __________ tday than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brwn is much ________ than she was tw years ag. (healthy) 8. Which d yu like _________, basketball, vlleyball, r ftball? (well)
the largest
mre expensive
the mst expensive
九、There be 的结构
肯定句： There is/was a … There are/were …一般疑问句:Is/Was there …? Yes, there is/was. N, there isn’t/was. Are there…? Yes, there are/were. N, there aren’t/weren’t.否定句： There isn’t/wasn’t …. There aren’t/weren’t….
There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。
There be 的结构
Sme 和 any 一般情况下， sme用于肯定句中， any用于否定句中。如： There is sme milk in the bttle. There aren’t any pictures n the wall. Is there anything new in tday’s newspaper?
3. 特殊疑问句：What’s in the basket? There are sme eggs in it.2) Hw many students are there in yur class? There are fifty students.
2. Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则： There is a pen and tw pencils in the bx. There are sme students and a teacher in the classrm.
1．There ________ n tea in the cup． A．is B．are C．has D．be 2．There ________ in the next rm． A．is Tm B．are sme bys C．are they D．is the by 3．There is sme ________ n the plate． A．apple B．bread C．banana D．sandwich 4．There ________ sme paper and a pen n the desk． A．is B．are C．have D．has 5．There's ging t ________ in tmrrw's newspapers． A．have smething new B．have new smething C．be smething new D．be new smething 6．There is sme milk in the bttle， ________ ？ A．isn't there B．aren't there C．isn't it D．are there 7． ________ is there n the table？ A．Hw many apples B．Hw much bread C．Hw much breads D．Hw many fd 8．There is ________ ld wman in the car． A．× B．a C．the D．an
9．There's ________ range tree behind ________ huse． A．an ；the B．a；a C．the；the 10．There is _____ map in the classrm．____ map is n the wall． A．a；A B．the；The C．a；The D．the；A 11．There is ____ “f”and _____ “u”in the wrd“fur”． A．an；a B．a；a C．an；an D．a；an 12．There ______ nt any water in the glass． A．has B．is C．are 13．There ________ an apple and ten bananas in the basket．Yu can take any f them． A．are B．is C．has D．have 14． ________ any flwers n bth sides f the street？ A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have 15．There is little water in the glass， ________ ？ A．isn 't there B．isn't it C．is it D．is there 16．There ________ sme water in the bttle． A．are B．is C．has D．have 17．Hw many ________ are there in yur classrm？ A．desks B．desk C．chair D．dr
陈述句变否定句的规则如下：（1） 句中有be动词的，直接在be动词后面加nt.She is my sister.She is nt my sister.
（2） 句中有情态动词的，直接在情态动词后面加ntYu may cme here tmrrw .Yu may nt cme here tmrrw.
（3） 句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are，也没有情态动词can may must的，在实意动词前面加dn’t或desn’t,，当主语是第三人称单数时，加desn’t.相应的实意动词变为原型。She studies English at schl .She des nt study English at schl.
陈述句变疑问句的规则如下：（1） 句中有be动词的，把be动词提到句首。He is a writer. Is he a writer?
（2） 句中有情态动词的，把情态动词提到句首。（must, may, can,culd,need,…)I can clean the windw.Can yu clean the windw?
（3）句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are，也没有情态动词can may must的，在句首前面加d或des，当主语是第三人称单数时，加des.相应的实意动词变为原型He likes cws. Des he like cws?
Are yu bys? Yes,we are(N,we aren't) Is she a nurse? Yes,she is.(N,she isn't)
Des he like cws? Yes,he des.(N,he desn't) D we dance after schl? Yes ,we d.(N,we dn't)
He is my brther.He is nt my brther.=He isn’t my brther.Is he my brther?Yes,he is.N,he is nt.= N,he isn’t
She can swim.She can nt(can’t)swim.Can she swim?Yes,she can.N,she can nt(can’t).
Ann likes running.Ann desn’t like running.Des Ann like running?Yes,she des.N,she desn’t.
特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。 它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, wh(whm), whse,which,when,where,hw,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或n来回答。
特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句eg:Be+主语+动词-ing+其他？eg:D/des+主语+动词原形+其他?what, wh(whm), whse,which,when, where,hw,why不用yes或n来回答
1) what 对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问 The twins are making a kite What are the twins d? Mrs Turner asks her sn t buy sme eggs . What des Mrs Turner ask her sn t buy ?
2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。 I‘m ging t take the shirt n the right. Which shirt are yu ging t take?
3)对指人名词或代词提问用wh。 Li Ping is my sister. Wh is Li Ping?
4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whse ，作宾语时提问用whm Li Ping's catWhse cat my fatherWhse father
5)对具体时间提出疑问, 疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词用what time。 It’s 10:00 What time is it?I g hme at night.When d yu g hme?
6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。 The bys are having a picnic in the park.Where are the bys having a picnic ?
7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。 Jm didn‘t g t the farm with us because he was ill. Why did Jm g t the farm with us?
8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词Hw。 He likes apples very much.Hw des he like apples?
9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为Hw many，要注意hw many必须跟名词的复数形式。 There are tw sheep .Hw many sheep are there?
10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用Hw much。 I pay fifty yuan fr the sweater. Hw much d yu pay fr the sweater?
11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用Hw lng。 I wrk in that factry fr tw years. Hw lng d yu wrk in that factry?
12)对时间频率，如 nce a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用Hw ften。I swim nce a year.Hw ften d yu swim?
13)对具体次数, nce, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用Hw many times。 B did he call yu the day befre yesterday?Twice. A.What time B.Hw many times C.Hw much D.Hw lng
14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用Hw sn。 They finish the wrk in tw hurs. Hw sn d they finish the wrk?
15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用Hw far。 It's abut tw kilmetres frm here .Hw far is it frm here?
16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 What's the date? What day is it ? What's the weather like? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。
Tm visits the Science Museum every year.2. The building near the factry is the Peple’s hspital.3. Jack did well in maths.4. It’s cludy tday.5. My mther is ver 40 years ld.6. I usually take N. 4 bus t wrk.7. We have a class meeting nce a week.
What des Tm visit every year?
Which building is the Peple’s hspital?
Hw did Jack d in maths?
What’s the weather like tday?
Hw ld is yur mther?
Which bus d yu usually take t wrk?
Hw ften d yu have a class meeting?
8. The cat is 388 yuan.9. Uncle Wang feels better nw.10. He ges t schl by bus.11. They are cleaning their classrm nw.12. They are n the lake.13. Xia Wang is lking fr his teacher. 14. Tm’s mther is a music teacher. 15. I g t wrk at eight .
Hw much is the cat?
Hw des Uncle Wang feel nw?
Hw des he g t schl?
What are they ding nw?
Where are they?
Wh is Xia Wang lking fr?
What is Tm’s mther’s jb?/ What des Tm’s mther d?
What time d yu g t wrk?
星期名称 月份名称 时间季节 天气状况 空间方位 各种颜色 水果蔬菜 饮食相关 国家名称 职业称谓 家居处所 家庭成员 身体部位 服装相关 动物名称 运动相关 交通工具 学习用品 基 数 词 序 数 词 反 义 词 频率副词 各类代词
Learning English
January February March April 一月 二月 三月 四月 May June July August 五月 六月 七月 八月 September Octber Nvember 九月 十月 十一月 December mnth 十二月 月份
Sunday Mnday Tuesday 星期天 星期一 星期二 Wednesday Thursday Friday 星期三 星期四 星期五 Saturday week 星期六 星期/周
blue range red yellw 蓝色(的) 橙黄色(的) 红色(的) 黄色(的) black green pink white 黑色(的) 绿色(的) 粉色(的) 白色(的) brwn purple blnd gray 棕色(的) 紫色(的) 淡黄色(的) 灰白(的) clur 颜色
grandfather grandmther father 祖父(爷爷或姥爷) 祖母(奶奶或姥姥) 父亲 mther daughter sn brther 母亲 女儿 儿子 哥哥/弟弟 sister wife husband 姐姐/妹妹 妻子 丈夫 aunt uncle 阿姨/姑母/婶母/伯母/舅母 叔叔/伯伯/姨夫/姑父/舅父 cusin family 堂/表兄弟；堂/表姐妹 家庭
head hair face eye ear muth 头 头发 脸 眼 耳朵 嘴 tth nse shulder elbw arm 牙齿 鼻子 肩膀 肘 胳膊 hand finger leg knee ft te 手 手指 腿 膝盖 脚 脚趾 stmach skin bne muscle bdy 胃/肚子 皮肤 骨骼；骨头 肌肉 身体
hat scarf mittens (=mitts) glves 帽子 围巾 连指手套 手套 bts shes runners sandals 靴子 鞋 运动鞋 凉鞋/拖鞋 scks cat jacket shirt bluse 袜子 外套 夹克衫 男衬衫 女衬衫 T-shirt sweater pants jeans T恤衫 毛衣 裤子 牛仔裤shrts pyjamas skirt dress 短裤 睡衣裤 裙子 连衣裙 swimsuit husecat clthes (女式)游泳衣 妇女的家居便服 衣服
near far in frnt f behind 在…附近 远的/遥远的 在…前面 在…后面 n under inside utside tp 在…上面 在…下面 (在)里面 (在)外面 顶/顶部bttm left right crner east 底部/末尾 左/左边 右/右边 角/角落 东/东方 west suth nrth abve belw 西/西方 南/南方 北/北方 在…上方 在…下方 in beside 在…内 在…旁边
rain snw wind ice 雨 雪 风 冰 sun rainy snwy windy 太阳 下雨的 下雪的 有风的 sunny cludy warm cl 晴朗的 多云的 暖和的 凉爽的 cld ht weather 冷的 热的 天气
breakfast lunch supper sugar cake 早餐 午餐 晚餐 糖 蛋糕 pp sup water juice milk 汽水 汤 水 果汁 牛奶 dumpling fish tea meat ndles 饺子 鱼 茶 肉 面条 rice pizza dnut hamburger 米饭 比萨饼 面包圈 汉堡包 chicken ckies French fries eat 鸡肉 饼干 炸薯条 吃 ht dg ice cream thirsty drink 热狗 冰淇淋 渴的 喝hungry fd 饥饿的 食物
cat dg duck elephant gat 猫 狗 鸭 大象 山羊 kangar lin mnkey sheep 袋鼠 狮子 猴子 绵羊 pig tiger wlf chicken cw 猪 虎 狼 鸡 母牛/奶牛fish animal 鱼 动物
everyne I yu he she it they 人人/大家 我 你(们) 他 她 它 他(她)们 me him her them my yur 我 他 她(的) 他们 我的 你(们)的 his its their we ur this that 他的 它的 他(她)们的 我们 我们的 这/这个 那/那个 these thse mine yurs 这些 那些 我的(东西) 你的(东西)
jump run walk trip 跳 跑 走路/步行 旅行 swim skate ski skip 游泳 滑冰 滑雪 跳/蹦 play sccer ping-png 玩 足球 乒乓球 basketball badmintn 篮球 羽毛球 sprt 运动
China Canada Australia 中国 加拿大 澳大利亚 U.K. U.S. Cuntry 英国 美国 国家
spring summer fall winter 春天 夏天 秋天 冬天 seasn year day hur 季节 年 天 小时 minute yesterday tday 分钟 昨天 今天 tmrrw 明天
ne tw three fur five six seven eight nine ten
eleven twelve thirteen furteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
twenty-ne twenty-tw twenty-three twenty-fur twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty
frty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety ne hundred ne thusand
first secnd third furth 第一 第二 第三 第四 fifth sixth seventh eighth 第五 第六 第七 第八 ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 第九 第十 第十一 第十二 …
teacher cashier clerk waitress 教师 出纳员 办事员 女服务员/女侍者 waiter bus driver player nurse 侍者 公共汽车司机 运动员 护士 plice fficer carpenter dctr 警官 木匠 医生 businessman businesswman peple （男）商人 女商人 人/人们 baby child children by girl 婴儿 孩子 孩子们 男孩 女孩man men wman wmen 男人 男人们 女人 女人们
train airplane (plane) truck 火车 飞机 卡车 bus cab (taxi) bicycle (bike) 公共汽车 出租车 自行车 car schl bus 小汽车 校车
huse apartment rm kitchen 房子 公寓/套间 房间 厨房 living rm bathrm schl 起居室 浴室 学校 classrm library gym htel 教室 图书馆 体育馆/健身房 饭店/旅馆 restaurant park bus stp 餐馆 公园 公共汽车站
blackbard chalk desk chair 黑板 粉笔 课桌 椅子 bk pen pencil paper 书 钢笔 铅笔 纸 eraser marker 橡皮 水彩笔
always ften usually 总是/永远 常常 通常/经常 smetimes never 有时 从来没有
range apple banana 橙子 苹果 香蕉 meln strawberry grape 瓜 草莓 葡萄 cabbage nin pea 白菜 洋葱 豌豆 carrt fruit vegetable 胡萝卜 水果 蔬菜
1. arrive — leave 到达 — 离开 2. cme — g 来 — 去 3. east — west 东 — 西 4. nrth — suth 北 — 南 5. stand — sit 站 — 坐 6. this — that 这 — 那 7. these — thse 这些 — 那些 8. black — white 黑色 — 白色 9. shrt — lng (tall) 短（矮） — 长（高） 10. clean — dirty 干净的 — 脏的 11. big — small (little) 大的 — 小的 12. lud — quiet 吵闹的 — 安静的
13. ludly — quietly 吵闹地 — 安静地 14. dry — wet 干的 — 湿的 15. ht — cld 热的 — 冷的 16. warm — cl 温暖的 — 凉爽的 17. same — different 相同的 — 不同的 18. befre — after 在…之前 — 在…之后 19. win — lse 赢 — 输 20. far-near 远的 — 近的 21. easy-hard 容易的 — 难的 22. left-right 左边 — 右边 23. tp — bttm 顶部— 底部 24. early — late 早的 — 晚的
25. heavy — light 重的 — 轻的 26. slw — fast (quick) 慢的 — 快的 27. slwer — faster 较快的 — 较慢的 28. slwly — quickly 缓慢地 — 快速地 29. strng — weak 强壮的 — 虚弱的 30. high — lw 高 — 低 31. learn — teach 学 — 教 32. inside — utside (在)里面 — (在)外面 33. put n — take ff 穿上 — 脱下 34. frward — backward 朝前走 — 向后走 35. thrw — catch 扔 — 接住 36. healthy — sick 健康的 — 有病的
37. ask — answer 问 — 回答 38. expensive — cheap 昂贵的 — 便宜的 39. up — dwn 向上 — 向下 40. happy — sad 高兴的 — 悲伤的 41. n — under 在…上面 — 在…下面 42. abve — belw 在…上方 — 在…下方 43. cry — laugh 哭 — 笑 44. ld — new 旧的 — 新的 45. ld — yung 老的 — 年轻的
A. shwer B. sink C. refrigeratr D. ck A. living rm B. tilet C. kitchen D. bathrm A. make B. dry C .wash D .stve A. bts B. always C. never D. smetimesA. shape B. circle C. triangle D. squareA. mitts B. summer C. spring D. fallA. snw B. rain C. winter D. windA. wet B. teach C. learn D. thinkA .ski B. sun C. skate D. put n A. card B. bring C. give D. invite
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