高二英语寒假作业同步练习题表语从句含解析

这是一份高二英语寒假作业同步练习题表语从句含解析，共9页。
表语从句1．Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amount in the diet for the n___________ (正常的)growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】normal【详解】考查形容词。句意：维生素是一种有机化合物，在日常饮食中小剂量对于动物的正常生长和维持生命是必需的，包括人类。该空修饰名词growth，用形容词，所以填normal。2．Water  is e___________(维持生命必需的) for all known forms of life.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】essential【详解】考查形容词。句意：水对所有已知的生命形式都是必不可少的。根据汉语意思“维持生命必需的”可知应填形容词essential，作表语。故填essential。3．The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to __________(处理) them soon. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】tackle【详解】考查动词。句意：问题不严重，不过我们还是需要尽快处理。根据汉语意思“处理”可知应填动词tackle，且上文为短语need to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填tackle。4．Genes determine the ___________(特征) of every living thing. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】characteristics【详解】考查名词。句意：基因决定每个生物的特征。在定冠词the后应是名词；根据汉语意思；应是名词characteristic；“每个生物的特征”应是指多种特征，characteristic应用复数形式。故填characteristics。5．He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to ____________(克服) his handicap. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】overcome【详解】考查动词。句意：他10岁时失去了一条腿，但学会了战胜自己的残疾。根据汉语意思“克服”可知应填动词overcome，且上文为短语learn to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填overcome。6．It will also help people to use their l____________(休闲) time well. （根据汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】leisure【详解】考查形容词。句意：它也将帮助人们更好地利用他们的闲暇时间。该空修饰名词time，用形容词，所以填leisure。7．The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of ____________(化学制剂) in agriculture. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】chemicals【详解】考查名词。句意：整个食物链都受到农业中过度使用化学制剂的影响。在介词of后应是名词；根据汉语意思，应是名词chemical；根据生活常识，应是指多种化学制剂， chemical应用复数形式。故填chemicals。8．Most authorities agree that play is an  ____________(至关重要的) part of a child's development. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】essential【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数权威人士认为玩耍是孩子成长的一个至关重要的部分。根据汉语意思“至关重要的”可知应填形容词essential，修饰后文名词part，作定语。故填essential。9．The plan received  ____________(广泛的) support throughout the country. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】widespread【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项计划得到了全国的广泛的支持。根据汉语意思“广泛的”可知应填形容词widespread，修饰后文名词support，作定语。故填widespread。10．You cannot a____________(假定) that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English for granted. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】assume【详解】考查动词。句意：你不能想当然地认为会说英语的人就有资格教英语。在情态动词cannot后应该接动词原形；根据所给汉语意思应该是动词assume。故填assume。语法专题（表语从句）表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。表语从句就是指一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。一般结构为“主语＋系动词＋表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。1．从属连词that引导的表语从句从属连词that的用法：①无意义　②不充当成分③不可省略The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。2．从属连词whether引导的表语从句The point is whether we should lend him the money.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。3．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。4．because，as if/though等引导的表语从句It's just because he doesn't know her.这仅仅是因为他不认识她。Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。5．why和because引导的表语从句的区别That's why...意为“那是……的原因”，强调结果That's because...意为“那是因为……”，强调原因I didn't phone her，and that's why she got angry with me.(强调“没打电话”这一结果)我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。I didn't phone her，and that's because I got angry with her.(强调“生气”这一原因)我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。6．表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should＋动词原形”(should可以省略)。My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。练习：11．Although a number of tombs have survived with little damage,the truth is__________all have suffered at least some harm from centuries of rain,war,fire and theft. (用适当的词填空)【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：尽管有一些墓穴没有受到什么破坏，但事实是，这些墓穴都受到了至少几个世纪以来的雨水、战争、火灾和盗窃的侵害。分析句子结构可知，the truth is 后连接一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且句意也完整，因此表语从句用连接词 that 引导。故填 that 。12．You have made great progress in English. This is ________ you have improved your studying methods. (用适当的词填空)【答案】because【详解】考查连词。句意：你的英语进步很大。这是因为你改进了你的学习方法。分析句子可知，空格所在句为表语从句，This指代前文的“You have made great progress in English”，“英语进步很大”的原因是“你改进了你的学习方法”，故应用because来引导从句，意为“因为”，“This is because…”意为“这是因为……”，符合句意。故填because。13．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ________ I disagree. （按要求补全句子）【答案】where【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你可以说每个人都应该是平等的，这正是我不同意你的地方。_______________ I disagree.是一个表语从句，在从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。14．The reason why he was sent to the hospital was ____________ he was ill. (用适当的词填空)【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他被送到医院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词用来引导从句，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故应用that引导从句，只起连接作用，构成“The reason … was that…”，意为“……的原因是……”。故填that。15．The beautiful view of the city is ___________ attracts me most. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】what【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这座城市的美丽景色最吸引我。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导表语从句，从句中缺主语，指代句中的“这座城市的美丽景色”，为物，且没有选择范围，故应用what引导表语从句。故填what。16．The problem with building the factory is ___________we don’t have enough money. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：建工厂的问题是我们没有足够的钱。设空处引导句子在句子中作表语，从句表达完整的意思，不缺成分。故答案为that。17．Pressure is ____________ you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something.(用适当的单词填空)【答案】what【详解】考查表语从句。句意：压力就是当你担心或不舒服的时候的感觉。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个表语从句且缺少主语，故用连接代词，此处指你所感觉到的东西。故答案为what。18．It seems ______ most houses have been destroyed by the storm. (用适当的词填空)【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句。句意：看来大多数房屋都被暴风雨毁坏了。分析句子结构，seems为系动词，设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故填that。19．One reason why there are so many French words in English is _____ the French ruled England for quite a number of years. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句。句意：英语中有这么多法语单词的一个原因是法国人统治了英国很长一段时间。此处放在系动词is后面为句法完整的句子，用that引导表语从句。故填that。20．But it seems ______ many people don’t cook fish at home. (用适当的词填空)【答案】that【详解】考查表语从句。句意：但是似乎很多人不在家做鱼。从句位于系动词seem“似乎……”后，是表语从句，从句中句意完整，用that引导表语从句。故填that。阅读理解Hardship comes in different shapes and sizes. Losing a job. Bills overdue (逾期未付的). Illness, injuries or the death of a loved one.Every kind of difficulty takes its toll. But few things in life are as heartbreaking as feeling cut off from the people we love.Recently, while “sheltering in place” against the coronavirus, I’ve started reading to my grandkids via FaceTime.Mostly, I read to them because I love doing it. But I also do it for their parents’ mental health. Besides having to stay indoors, they are forced to homeschool the kids, who can’t go to school or to the park or play with their friends.As a mother, I didn’t do everything right. Far from it. But when my three children were small, most nights before bed, I would read to them.There is something important – something comforting and healing – about the age-old ritual (惯例) of reading to each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be forgotten. But hearing them read is a different experience.When we read to ourselves, we see the words with our eyes. But when someone reads to us, we just need to be still and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it conveys mean far more than the words.Today, I read the Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing by Judy Blume, a book my kids loved long ago. Randy, 9, and Wiley, 7, thought it was funny. Elle, who’s 5, usually prefers to read to me, but this time she just wanted to talk. Next, Randy played a song for us on his guitar, the very first song he has written. Finally, I FaceTimed with Jonah, who is almost a year old. I read MOO, BAA, LA LA LA! by Sandra Boynton. He liked it so much that he gave me kisses over the phone, then we said goodbye.Now, more than ever, while keeping a safe distance, we all need to hold on to each other.21．What do we know about the author?A．She has gone through many difficulties in life.B．She thought she was an expert in parenting.C．She is proud of being a well-educated parent.D．She feels cut off from family and friends in isolation.22．Why did the author start reading to her grandkids?A．She thought it was a good way to teach kids.B．She used it to kill time when sheltering at home.C．She wanted to show her love and care for them.D．She wanted to compare her kids with her grandkids.23．What is the main idea of the second-to-last paragraph?A．What kind of stories the kids like.B．How the kids spent the reading time today.C．How the author chose certain stories for the kids.D．What the kids usually do when staying at home.【答案】21．D 22．C 23．B【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。生活中很少有事情比与我们所爱的人断绝关系更令人心碎的了，作者在家抗击冠状病毒的同时，开始通过FaceTime给孙子们读书。将读书当做表达自己爱和关心的一种方式，还记叙了作者如何和孙子们度过阅读时间的，作者认为在保持安全距离的同时，我们比以往任何时候都更需要相互扶持。21．细节理解题，根据第二段中But few things in life are as heartbreaking as feeling cut off from the people we love.可知但是生活中很少有事情比与我们所爱的人隔绝更令人心碎。由此可知，作者感到与家人和朋友隔绝。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据第六段There is something important – something comforting and healing – about the age-old ritual (惯例) of reading to each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be forgotten. But hearing them read is a different experience.(互相朗读这一古老的仪式有一种重要的东西——一种安慰和治愈的东西。有时候，我们读到的文字是如此强大，以至于我们永远不会忘记它们。但听他们阅读是一种不同的体验)以及第七段When we read to ourselves, we see the words with our eyes. But when someone reads to us, we just need to be still and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it conveys mean far more than the words.(当我们读给自己听的时候，我们用眼睛看这些文字。但当有人给我们朗读时，我们只需要安静地倾听。有时候，它所传达的声音和爱远比文字更有意)由此可知，作者开始给她的孙子读故事，是因为她想表达她对他们的爱和关心。故选C。23．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段Today, I read the Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing by Judy Blume, a book my kids loved long ago. Randy, 9, and Wiley, 7, thought it was funny. Elle, who’s 5, usually prefers to read to me, but this time she just wanted to talk. Next, Randy played a song for us on his guitar, the very first song he has written. Finally, I FaceTimed with Jonah, who is almost a year old. I read MOO, BAA, LA LA LA! by Sandra Boynton. He liked it so much that he gave me kisses over the phone, then we said goodbye.可知今天，我读了Judy Blume写的《四年级虚无故事》，这是我的孩子们很久以前很喜欢的一本书。9岁的Randy和7岁的Wiley觉得这很有趣。Elle今年5岁，平时更喜欢读书给我听，但这次她只想和我说话。接下来，Randy用他的吉他为我们演奏了一首歌，这是他写的第一首歌。最后，我用FaceTimed和Jonah聊天，他快一岁了。我给他读了Sandra Boynton 的MOO, BAA, LA LA LA！。他非常喜欢，在电话里给了我一个吻，然后我们就说再见了。由此可知，倒数第二段的主旨是孩子们今天是如何度过阅读时间的。故选B。写作（提纲类）假定你晨光中学的李津。你校的英文社团正在举办“How can we reduce garbage pollution”的征文活动。请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文投稿。(1)介绍垃圾污染的现状；(2)提出减少垃圾污染的措施(不少于两点)；(3)谈谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。 注意:(1)词数不少于 100；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；How can we reduce garbage pollution_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】At present, a great deal of garbage is being produced every day. The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and people are suffering from the consequences of it.To solve the problem of garbage pollution, we are supposed to take some effective measures. First, we should economize on resources so as to reduce the amount of garbage. Second,  we  should  sort  the  garbage  properly  so  that  they  can  be  treated  easily  and differently. Third, reusable garbage should be recycled as much as possible.In my opinion, it is everyone’s responsibility to reduce garbage pollution. Only if we work together to reduce garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautiful world for future generations.【解析】这是一篇说明文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为写一篇短文；假定你晨光中学的李津。你校的英文社团正在举办“How can we reduce garbage pollution”的征文活动。请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文投稿。(1)介绍垃圾污染的现状；(2)提出减少垃圾污染的措施(不少于两点)；(3)谈谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：a great deal of（大量的），garbage pollution（垃圾污染），be surrounded by（被包围），be supposed to（应该）；economize（节约）；the amount of（……的数量）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and people are suffering from the consequences of it.运用了结果状语从句；Second,  we  should  sort  the  garbage  properly  so  that  they  can  be  treated  easily  and differently.运用了目的状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。