08 高考单词H -十年（2012-2021）高考英语3500单词分字母汇编（高考真句+检测）

高考单词H
horizon [hə'raɪzn] 　 n. 地平线；眼界；范围
【助记】记忆口诀：红[ho]日[ri]在[z]地平线上[on]。
【真句】What's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons.【2020天津】历史的奇妙之处在于它开阔了我们的视野。

habit [ˈhæbɪt] n 习惯;
用法：get into/in the habit of doing sth; develop/form the habit of doing sth. 养成……的习惯
Sean has formed the habit of jogging along the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.【2015上海】Sean已经养成了沿着有3排树的大街每天锻炼两小时的习惯。
Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.【2012浙江】如果你养成反思自己所学的东西，你作为学生的表现将会是极其优秀的。

hang ['hæŋ] vt. 悬挂
【助记】悬挂当然是要在高的地方。大写的Ｈ就像“梯”的感觉，有“高”之义。High是“高的”。
【真句】SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere.【2020浙江】 到处挂着“安静”的黑色大字的标语。
短语：hang around 闲逛
There were the older jazz musicians who hung around our house when I was young.【2012上海阅读】在我小的时候有些老爵士音乐家在我家屋外闲逛
hang out 放松
School is busy and full of pressure. There’s almost no time to just hang out.【2012陕西阅读】学校的生活忙碌而又充满压力，几乎没有放松的时间。
hang on 紧紧握住；等等
Hang on, Mum；This won’t take a second.【2014江西阅读】等等，妈妈！不会花你很长时间的
hang up 挂断（电话）
Sorry, I have to hang up now. It’s time for class.【2014天津】对不起，我得挂电话了，要上课了。

habitat [ˈhæbɪtæt] n. 栖息地
One day he met Professor Mattoni, who was working to rebuild the habitat for an endangered butterfly.【2012浙江阅读】有一天他会见了Mattoni教授，Mattoni教授正在为一只濒临灭绝的蝴蝶重建栖息地。

host [həʊst] n. 主人；节目主持人 v. 做主人招待
【真句】She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches...【2017年北京】 她开始主办“大老板”午餐会
【助记】一直呆(stay)在家home里，你就成了家的主人home+stay=host


hair [heə] n. 头发
haircut [ˈheəkʌt] n. 理发
half [hæf] adj. n. 半
hall [hɔːl] n. 大厅
ham [hæm] n. 火腿
hamburger [ˈhæmbɜːɡə] n. 汉堡包
hammer ['hæmə] n. 锤子

hand [hænd] n. 手；指针 v. 递给
用法: hand sb sth= hand sth to sb 给某人某物
I handed her the flowers.【2014浙江阅读】我将花递给她
短语：give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
You are the very person who gives me a hand when necessary.【2012湖南写作】你就是那个在必要的时候给我帮助的人。
hand in hand 手拉手；关系密切
As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand.【2013湖南阅读】俗话说，成功和失败的关系非常密切。
on the one hand……on the other hand…… 一方面……另一方面……
On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.【2015浙江阅读】另一方面，顾客被允诺的越多他们失望的风险就越大。
on hand 在手头，在旁边
Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old days.【2012天津阅读】几位以前的老师在旁边说一些关于以前日子的故事。
try one’s hand at (doing) sth 着手尝试做某事
So excited was I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding it.【2014福建阅读】我是如此的兴奋以至于我迫不及待地尝试骑上去。
hand down 传给（后代）（相当于pass down）
The earliest flags were handed down by the ancestors.【2006重庆阅读】 最早的旗子是由祖先传下来的。
hand out 分发
I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very disappointed.【2015安徽完形】我分发了我的简历然后非常失望地回家了。
hand in 递交
I've been writing this report occasionally for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.【2015浙江】过去的两周我只是偶尔地写这个报告，但是明天它明天必须被上交了。
hand over 交出
Every week a truck arrived to collect the cash and hand over the money.【2015辽宁阅读】每周都有一个卡车来收垃圾并且付款。

handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n. 手提包

handful [ˈhændfʊl] n. (一)把；
I managed to rent a big enough house to take in a handful of people.【2013江苏完形】 我成功地租了一个大房子让一些人过夜。
短语：handful of sth 一些……
I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh that bus left five minutes ago.”【2014浙江阅读】当我上气不接下气地把一把钱放在Greyhound的柜台上的时候，销售员微笑地说“哦，那辆车五分钟前就走了”。

handkerchief [ˈhæŋkətʃɪf] n. 手帕

handle [ˈhændl] v. 处理；触，模，碰，拿；n. 把手，柄
The brush handle will be removed.【2014山东阅读】牙刷的把手被移除了。
We must learn to handle both freedom and responsibility wisely.【2014江苏完形】我们必须学会明智地处理责任和自由。
Don’t handle the vase as if it were made of steel.【2012北京】不要拿这个瓷器就好像是由钢铁做的

handsome [ˈhænsəm] adj. 英俊的
handwriting [ˈhændraɪtɪŋ] n. 书法

handy [ˈhændɪ] adj. 有用的；手边的，附近的
A well-chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen.【2014江苏作文】选的好的鼠标是有用的，灵活的并且很容易控制屏幕。
I always keep my gun handy just in case.【高考真句】我总是随身带着枪以防万一。


happen [ˈhæpən] v 发生
The rescue happened on the day before he left for France.【2015陕西阅读】营救发生在我们去他去法国的前一天。
用法：happen to sb/sth 某人或某事发生了什么
We didn't know what had happened to her.【2015北京阅读】我们不知道她怎么了。
happen to do 碰巧
One day, Maja happened to see trainers fitting the dolphin with a high-tech tail.【2015湖北完形】
一天，Maja碰巧看到训练师在给海豚安装一个高科技的尾巴。

happy [ˈhæpɪ] adj. 快乐的，幸福的
happy的名词形式：happiness [ˈhæpɪnɪs] 快乐，幸福
harbor ['hɑ:bə] n. 港口

hard [hɑːd] adj. 硬的；困难的；冷酷的 adv. 用力地
While I was growing up, we lived a very hard life.【2012江苏阅读】在我成长期间，我们的生活非常艰难。
Biodegradable (可生物降解的) material was inspired by insects’ hard outer shells.【2012湖南阅读】可生物降解的材料受到昆虫坚硬外壳的启发。
My dad is a hard person to buy for because he never wants anything.【2012湖南阅读】我的爸爸是一个冷酷的难以被收买的年轻人，因为他从来不想要任何东西。
It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed.【2012天津阅读】如果我尽可能地用力推动你们，你们当中的一些人就会成功。
用法：be hard on 对……苛刻/挑剔；对……有害
Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people.【2012全国二阅读】冷天气对动物和人都有害。
I decided not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t know.【2015北京完形】所以，对于那些我还不知道的事情我决定不对自己太苛刻。
hard的名词形式：hardship [ˈhɑːdʃɪp] 艰苦，困难

hardly [ˈhɑːdlɪ] adv. 几乎不，
同义词：barely 几乎不；rarely 几乎不

hardworking ['ha:d'wə:kiŋ] adj. 刻苦的

harm [hɑːm] n. v. 伤害；损害
I hope you will stop advertising your product in such a way that may harm our children.【2014江西阅读】
我希望你们停止这种有可能伤害我们孩子的这种广告方式。
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause.【2013北京阅读】节食产品的危害不仅在于其对我们心理的影响还在于对我们身体的影响。
用法：do harm to sb/sth 对……有害
Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body.【2015浙江】许多生活方式模式对我们的健康危害如此之大以至于加速了身体的衰弱。
harm的形容词形式：harmful [ˈhɑːmfʊl] 有害的；harmless [ˈhɑːmlɪs] adj. 无害的;
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.【2015广东阅读】一些动植物对人有害。

harmony [ˈhɑːmənɪ] n. 和谐
Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.【2015福建】人类的生活被当作自然的一部分，并且我们生存下来的唯一方式就是与自然和谐相处。
harmony的形容词形式：harmonious
Their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.【2012北京阅读】他们的家庭生活比以前更和谐。

harvest [ˈhɑːvɪst] n.收获，收获期；收割；收成 v. 收获；收割
You won’t use that equipment to harvest tea leaves and tomatoes, will you?【2013江西完形】你不会用那个设备收割庄稼，不是吗？
The past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books.【2012山东阅读】过去的10年是优秀童书的收获期。
For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond can make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one.【2013上海阅读】对于农民而言，简单如池塘的东西会影响收成。

hat [hæt] n. 帽子
hatch [hætʃ] v. （鸟、鸡）孵蛋

hate [heɪt] v. 讨厌；憎恨 n. 憎恨
用法：hate to do/ doing 讨厌做某事
My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it.【2015重庆阅读】我和父母是通过电话联系的，但是我讨厌使用电话。
hate for 对……的憎恨（此时hate是名词）
However, has the hate for dirt gone too far?【2015重庆阅读】然而对脏的憎恨是不是太过了？

have [hæv] v. 有；让
had better (not) do sth最好（不）做某事
You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.【2012福建】你最好每天抽出一些时间做运动这样你就可以保持精力充沛。
have to do 不得不做某事
We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.【2013浙江阅读】我们不得不做一些事情来放缓全球变暖的过程。
don’t have to do 不必做某事
You don’t have to worry about being late for work.【2014湖北阅读】你不必担心工作迟到
A has to do with B A与B有关系
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age.【2012湖北阅读】另一个与幸福有关的因素就是年龄。
A has something to do with B A与B有一些关系
Fear has something to do with one’s health.【2013四川阅读】恐惧与一个人的健康有一些关系。
have n done 使名词被做
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.【2015 陕西】Claire在飞机起飞前一个小时使行李被检查。
have n doing 使名词持续做某事，使名词不停做某事
He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让她在雨中站了两个小时。
have n do 使名词做……
The director had her assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.【2013全国一】主任让他的助手为会议准备些热狗。
have sth to do 有……要做
Do you have anything to say for yourselves?【2006江西】你有什么要为自己说的吗?

hawk [hɔːk] n. 鹰
hay [heɪ] n. 作饲料用的干草

head [hed] n. 头，头脑；主管，领导；前端，顶端；v. 带领，前往
When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something.【2014重庆阅读】当情况变得糟糕的时候头脑中有一个声音说我不能得到一些东西。
Alice shook her head in disbelief.【2015江西完形】爱丽丝不相信地摇摇头。
I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or quit his job.【2012浙江】我认为作为部门领导的汤姆要么定期学习要么辞职。
Papa sits at the head of the table.【2015福建阅读】爸爸坐在桌子前端。
In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh.【2013全国二阅读】在1947年有一个澳大利亚指挥员带领的一群艺术世界的著名人物决定在爱丁堡举办一个音乐、舞蹈和戏剧的国际性节日。
短语：head office总部
Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea.【2015安徽阅读】今天该公司的总部仍在Ivrea
head teacher 校长
Strangely enough, few head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams.【2012上海完形】非常奇怪的是 很少有校长喜欢这种能力层次不齐的校足球队。
head for前往
Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.【2016江苏】大多数受过很好教育得到年青人前往西部去追逐他们的梦想。

headache [ˈhedeɪk] n. 头疼
headline [ˈhedlaɪn] n.（报刊的）大字标题
headmaster [hedˈmɑːstə(r)] n. 中小学校长
headteacher [hed'ti:tʃər] n. 中小学班主任

health [ˈhelθ] n.健康（状况）
People’s health is closely related to climate change.【2015湖北阅读】人们的健康状况与气候变化密切相关。
A daily nap is good for health in general.【2013四川阅读】每天小憩一会对健康是有好处的。
health的形容词形式：healthy [ˈhelθɪ] 健康的
women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.【2016四川七选五阅读】女性比男性更健康并且寿命更长。
hear [hɪə]v. 听到
I suddenly heard an elephant crying.【2014全国一阅读】我突然听到大象的叫声。
用法：hear about / of 听说
I had never heard of that name before.【2012北京阅读】我之前从来没听说过那个名字。
hear that听说
Then about six months ago I heard that the city was going to “redevelop” certain worn-out areas of the city. 【2015浙江阅读】六个月前我听说那个城市打算重新开发破旧的地区。
hear from 收到某人的来信；得到（……消息）
I have heard from the newspaper that you, the Shanghai Museum, are planning to organize a famous painting exhibition.【2013上海作文】我从报纸上得知你们打算组织一个著名的绘画展
We used to see each other regularly, but I haven’t heard from him since last year.【2012辽宁】我们过去定期见面，但是自从去年我就没收到他的来信。
hear的名词形式： hearing [ˈhɪərɪŋ] 听觉
Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.【2015湖南】在摇滚音乐会上听吵闹的音乐已经使一些亲少年的受损。

heart [hɑːt] 心脏；心；中心
In the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation.【2014浙江】在护士的照顾下，男孩从心脏手术中逐渐恢复了。
His kindness still warms my heart.【2015浙江完形】他的善举使我的心暖暖的。
In the 1960s Leeds was the heart of the British fashion industry.【2015湖北阅读】在20世纪60年代Leeds是英国时尚业的中心
at heart 本质上，在心底
The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy, contributing adult.【2014安徽阅读】尤其是年轻人在心底想变成一个快乐的、健康的和有贡献的成年人。

heat [hiːt] n. 热，热量 v. 加热
It’s from the sun that we get light and heat.【2014全国二阅读】正是从太阳那里我们获得了光和热。
Heat up food before eating it.【2014全国二阅读】吃食物前要加热。
heat的形容词形式：heated

heated [ˈhiːtid] adj. 加热的；激烈的
heated argument/debate/discussion 激烈的争论/辩论/讨论
Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.【2015江苏】最近，一个比较同一商品在不同超市中的价格的调查在市民中引起了激烈的辩论。

heaven [ˈhevən] n. 天堂

heavy [ˈhevɪ] adj.（重量）重的；繁重的；大量的，严重的，非常；（材料，衣服）厚重的
If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to float on the sea?【2015浙江】如果钢铁比水重的话为什么船能在海上漂呢？
He is tired because of the heavy workload.【2013湖北阅读】因为繁重的工作量他感到很累。
The traffic is heavy these days. I may arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?【2014辽宁】最近交通繁忙，我也许迟点到，所以你能给我占个位吗？
Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain.【2013山东完形】我不得不在越来越大的雨中穿过几个街区。
To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy headache.【2014江西完形】 詹姆斯，实话告诉你吧，我的头如此的疼以至于我的头非常疼
The majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues.【2013湖南阅读】来这儿的大多数人正在处理一些非常严重的问题。
Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat.【2012全国一阅读】因为演播室非常热，看到其中一个演员穿大衣我感到很奇怪。

heel [hiːl] n. 脚后跟
height [haɪt] n. 高，高度 其形容词形式为high
helicopter [ˈhelɪkɔptə] n. 直升飞机
hello [həˈləʊ] int. 喂；你好
helmet ['helmɪt] n. 头盔

help [help] v. n. 帮助
用法：help sb. (to) do/with sth.帮助某人（做）某事
WONERTIME is a new magazine devoted to helping parents develop children’s love of learning.【2012浙江阅读】WONERTIME是一个致力于帮助父母开发孩子对阅读的热爱的一本新杂志。
I am interested in helping kids with their lessons because education is important to them.【2015天津阅读】
我有兴趣在学习上帮助孩子们因为教育对他们很重要。
can’t help doing 禁不住做… 等于can not help but do
“Things lost never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.【2012湖南】 “失去的东西再也回不来了”我情不自禁的对自己说。
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses.【2013天津完形】一天晚上，当我握着父亲的手的时候，我情不自禁的注意到他手上的老茧。
help out 帮……分担工作；帮……一把
They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with.【2013江苏阅读】
他们遵守规则、互相帮忙并且关心与他们一起工作的人。
They got help from the school and the federal government.【2015山东阅读】他们得到了来自学校和联邦政府的帮助。
with the help of 在……的帮助下
With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time.【2012辽宁阅读】在新药物的帮助下，人的身体可以持续很长时间。
help的形容词形式：helpful

helpful [ˈhelpfʊl] adj. 有用的，有帮助的；乐于助人的
Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.【2012辽宁阅读】以下是一些关于如何交朋友和维护朋友的有用建议。
Many parents find it helpful to have pets in the house for their children.【2013陕西阅读】
许多父母发现屋子里面有宠物对儿童是有帮助的。
Low is kind and helpful.【2014天津阅读】Low非常友善且乐于助人。

hen [hen] n. 母鸡
herb [hɜːb] n. 草药
hero [ˈhɪərəʊ] n. 英雄；男主角
heroine [ˈherəʊɪn] n. 女英雄；女主角
hey [heɪ] int. 嘿！
hibernate [ˈhaɪbəneɪt] vi. 冬眠
hibernation [haɪbə'neɪʃn] n. 冬眠

hesitate [ˈhezɪteɪt] v. 犹豫
“Maybe I could go as Superman,” he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for while.【2013广东阅读】“也许我可以以超人的身份去”他小声地对妈妈说。听到这，他妈妈犹豫了一下。
用法：hesitate to do 犹豫要不要做某事
He hesitates to accept them.【2013辽宁阅读】他犹豫要不要接受他们。
hesitate的形容词形式：hesitant 犹豫的
"Hello," she said, hesitantly.【2015上海填词】她犹豫地说了一声“你好”
hesitate的名词形式：hesitation 犹豫
用法：without hesitation 毫不犹豫
A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.【2014湖北阅读】一个男人迅速冲向那个女孩去给予急救，我也毫不犹豫的加入了救援之中。

hide [haɪd] v. n. 隐藏；遮挡
He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.【2015湖北】当她去执行秘密任务的时候她给了自己一个新的名字以隐藏自己的身份。
I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.【2013山东阅读】我当时正在Saint Petersburg大街上开车，看到一些人在街灯下面躲雨。

high [haɪ] adj. 高的
I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable goal.【2014天津完形】我学会了照顾自己，并且设置高的但是可以达到的目标。
Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college.【2014四川阅读】大多数家庭需要经济援助以应对大学的高费用。
She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.【2015陕西阅读】她在巴黎的Sévigné大学完成了高中教育。
It is high time sb did sth 到了某人该做某事的时候
It’s high time we left for the airport.【2015天津】我们是时候去机场了。
high opinion/praise 高度评价/表扬
She has a high opinion of herself.【2013广东阅读】她对自己评价很高。
think/speak highly of 高度评价
She thinks highly of the Program.【2015天津阅读】她对这个项目的评价很高。

highway [ˈhaɪweɪ] n.公路
hill [hɪl] n. 小山 hill的形容词形式：hilly [ˈhɪlɪ] adj. 丘陵的
hillside [ˈhɪlsaɪd] n. 山腰，山坡

hire vt. 租用；雇佣
Small talk even helps people get hired.【2015安徽任务型读写】小小的谈话可以帮助人们被雇佣。
I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire a car.【2013北京】度假的时候我随身带着驾照，以防我想租车。

history [ˈhɪstərɪ] n. 历史，历史学

hit [hɪt] v 击，打；碰撞；袭击；到达；（hit+数字）达到; n. 受欢迎的事物；击中，命中
At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again.【2012江苏阅读】
我在14岁的时候被车撞了，医生说我再也不能走路了。
As the cougar’s claws got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard.【2012北京阅读】当美洲狮的爪子抓到Jeb的左肩膀的时候，他在它的眼前晃了晃拳头然后猛烈击打。
That trade is expected to hit about US $15 billion.【2014辽宁阅读】那项贸易预计可以达到150亿美元。
One summer, I remember, a drought hit Ontario, turning it into a burning desert.【2013天津完形】我记得一年夏天的干旱袭击了Ontario，将其变为炙热的沙漠。
Let's say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen?【2014上海阅读】假如说你今年想定期去健身房，你怎样才能做到呢？
Her new film is quite a hit.【高考真句】她的新影片十分受欢迎。
Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible.【2015江苏阅读】
Shay得到了棒球拍；每个人都知道他是是不可能击中的。
短语：hit /strike/come to/occur to sb 使（某人）突然想到
Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【2015 广东语法填空】现在他突然想到他的农场有很大的潜力并且那头牛的死亡是一件幸运的事。

hobby [ˈhɔbɪ] n. 爱好
Fishing lovers believe that their hobby is worth it.【2013江西阅读】钓鱼爱好者认为他们的爱好是值得的。

hold [həʊld] v. 举着；抓住，握住；举办；容纳；使…保持…；担任；拥有；保留；认为……
On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to Feed.”【2015 全国一完形】在路上，我们看到一个人举着一张纸，上面写道“失业了，要养家”。
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their roughness.【2013天津完形】一天晚上当我握着爸爸的手的时候我情不自禁注意到它们的粗糙。
I was concentrating so much on keeping the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look where I was going.【2015山东完形】我如此注重保持脸上的微笑和使我的头保持上扬以至于我并没有注意我走到哪了。
The party will be held in the garden, weather permitting.【2012全国一】天气允许的话晚会将在公园举行。
Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people.【2013天津阅读】一些自习室可以容纳两到三人其他的可以容纳六到八人。
Tyler held the position for fourteen years.【2012全国一阅读】Tyler担任该职位有十四年了。
While space may hold many wonders, it also holds dangers.【2015江西阅读】虽然太空有许多奇景，它也有很多危险。
I also love my laptop computer, as it hold s all of my writing and thoughts.【2015北京阅读】我也喜欢我的电脑，因为它保留了我的所有写作和思想。
What will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?【2014重庆阅读】如果我们认为科学将失控会出现什么状况？
短语：hold back 阻挡，阻止；控制（情感）
I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.【2015湖南】我有冲进去玩玩具的强烈愿望，但是幸运的是窗户挡住了我。
hold on 等会儿，等一下；坚持
Hold on, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.【2013江苏】 “等一下，我来找找。”
hold out 伸出
Oscar held out the umbrella as if presenting a gift that had long been wished for.【2012浙江完形】奥斯卡伸出了雨伞，就好像赠送一个对方渴望已久的礼物
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone.【2015江西阅读】在尽可能的屏住呼吸之后安迪出来呼吸新鲜空气的时候注意到蜜蜂已经走了。
the same hold true for… 对……同样如此
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones.【2014湖北阅读】与冷静的猩猩相比，对于焦虑的猩猩同样如此。
hold A responsible for B 认为A应该为B负责
In the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.【2014重庆阅读】在葡萄牙和西班牙的干旱地区，高尔夫应该为某些地区的水短缺负责。
get/take hold of sth 抓住
Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.【2014上海阅读】拥有者可以远程调整密码，如果他们担心盗贼已经得到了密码。

hole [həʊl] n. 洞

holiday [ˈhɔlɪdɪ] n. 假期
短语：on holiday 在度假；go on holiday 去度假
Why couldn’t ordinary working people go on holiday before 1871?【2015广东】为什么在1871年以前普通工人无法度假？
同义词：vacation 假期

holy [ˈhəʊlɪ] adj. 神圣的
home [həʊm] n. 家 adv. 到家
homeland [ˈhəʊmlænd] n. 祖国
hometown [ˈhəʊmtaʊn] n. 故乡
homework [ˈhəʊmwɜːk] n. 家庭作业
honey [ˈɔnɪst] n. 蜂蜜

honest [ˈɔnɪst] adj. 诚实的
That young man is honest.【2016浙江】那个年青人很诚实。
honest的名词形式：honesty [ˈɒnəsti] 诚实
My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.【2016全国一改错】我的叔叔告诉我诚实是成功的关键。

honor ['ɔnə] n.荣幸；荣誉，光荣 v. 表扬，表彰；尊重
The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.【2012山东阅读该荣誉对Granite Falls的居民有很大意义。
It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before. 【2012全国一阅读】完全陌生的人会给那些从未见过的人让路是一种荣幸。
He was honored with a scholarship.【2013江西阅读】他被授予奖学金。
After Jasmina’s death, Maja swore she would honor the little girl by swimming with a dolphin, an animal that both girls adored.【2015湖北完形】在Jasmina死后，Maja发誓她会通过与海豚游泳的方式来尊重她，海豚是她们俩都喜欢的一个动物。
短语：with honors 获得荣誉学位，以优异成绩毕业
She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors.【2015江苏完形】她说服了我爸爸去上牙科学校，爸爸也以优异的成绩从那所学校毕业。
in honour of 为了表示对……的敬意；纪念(此时相当于in memory of)
The oak tree was planted in order of the occasion.【高考真句】种下了一棵橡树以纪念这一时刻。
The stadium was named in honour of the club’s first chairman.【高考真句】为了表示对俱乐部第一任主席的敬意，体育馆以他的名字命名。
honour的形容词形式：honoured 荣幸的
He felt honored to study English literature.【2014广东阅读】学习英语文学他感到很荣幸。

hook [hʊk] n. 钩子 v. 钩；吸引
If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in.【2013全国一阅读】如果钩子在鱼的肚子里太深，那么你就把线剪短，把钩子留在里面
短语：be hooked on 喜欢
Future generations will be hooked on smoking.【2014山东阅读】未来的几代年青人喜欢吸烟。

hope [həʊp] v. n. 希望，愿望
用法：hope to do 希望做某事（注意：没有hope sb to do sth结构）
He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a cake for his mother and some seeds for his bird.【2015湖北完形】他本希望卖更多的报纸去挣更多的钱来为他的妈妈买蛋糕和为他的鸟儿买种子。
hope for sth 希望……
The hope for good health is greater.【2012湖北阅读】对健康的愿望是最大的。
hope两个的形容词形式：hopeless[ˈhəʊpləs] 无望的；hopeful [ˈhəʊpfʊl] 充满希望的

horrible [ˈhɔrɪbl] adj. 可怕的；糟糕的
I shouldn’t have watched that movie —— it’ll give me horrible dreams.【2015山东】我本不应该看那部电影的——他将会让我做一些可怕的梦。
If I didn’t cover the scar, people would call me horrible names like Baldy.【2013四川完形】如果我不把伤疤遮起来人们会用糟糕的外号称呼我，例如秃子。
horrible的名词形式：horror [ˈhɒrə] 恐怖
Each movie channel airs different sorts of films like adventure, classics, comedy or horror.【2013全国一阅读】每个电影频道都会播放不同种类的电影，例如冒险片、经典、喜剧或者恐怖片。

horse [hɔːs] n. 马
hospital [ˈhɔspɪtl] n. 医院

host [həʊst] n. 男主人；男主持人；主办者，东道主 v. 主办；主持
The host will provide accommodation and meals.【2015天津阅读】主人将提供食宿。
The host country may not see many benefits.【2014陕西阅读】主办国也许不会得到许多好处。
The hosts know how to host a party.【2013山东阅读】主持人指导怎么主持晚会。

hostess [ˈhəʊstɪs] n. 女主人；女主持人

hot [hɔt] adj. 热的
hot dog n. 热狗
hotel [həʊˈtel] n. 旅馆
hour [ˈaʊə] n. 小时
house [haʊs] n. 房子
housewife [ˈhaʊswaɪf] n. 家庭主妇
housework [ˈhaʊswɜːk] n. 家务劳动

howl [haʊl] vi. 嚎叫，嚎哭
When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow.【2015湖北阅读】当一只狼开始嚎叫的时候，非常有可能其它狼也会跟着叫。

hug [hʌɡ] v.拥抱；抱住 n. 拥抱
Before she left, she hugged her husband tightly, her eyes filled with tears of gratitude.【2015湖北完形】在离开之前，她紧紧地抱住了丈夫，眼里充满了感激的泪水。
Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug.【2013北京阅读】几乎想都没想，我弯下腰给了她一个拥抱。

huge [hjuːdʒ] adj. 巨大的
同义词：giant adj. 巨大的；vast adj. 巨大的，广阔的

human [ˈhjuːmən] adj. 人的 n. 人（此时等同于human being）
human being [ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋ] 人类

humor ['hju:mə] n.幽默
There may be a thousand different ways to express your sense of humour, but joke telling is only one of those ways.【2015陕西阅读】幽默的有1000种不同的表达方式而说笑话只是这些方式中的一种。
humour的形容词形式：humourous [ˈhjuːmərəs] 幽默的

hunger [ˈhʌŋɡr] n. 饥饿
hunger的形容词形式：hungry [ˈhʌŋɡrɪ] adj. 饥饿的

hunt [hʌnt] v. 猎杀、猎取；寻找
My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields.【2015重庆阅读】我的父母过去常常带我去猎鸟、爬树以及在田野里嬉戏。
用法：hunt for 寻找
They hunt for money.【2012北京阅读】他们在找钱。
hunt的名词形式：hunter [ˈhʌntə] 猎人

hurricane [ˈhʌrɪkən] n. 飓风

hurry [ˈhʌrɪ] v. 赶紧，匆忙；催促 n. 匆忙，仓促
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.【2012天津】他匆忙地赶往办公室，早餐一口没吃。
Don’t hurry me. I am doing as fast as I can. 不要催促我，我正在尽快做呢。
in a hurry 匆忙
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour.【2014北京】简很匆忙，因为一小时内通往机场的火车就要开了。
短语：hurry up 赶紧，快点；
Hurry up, kids! The school bus is waiting for us!【2013四川】快点，孩子们！校车正在等我们。

hurt [hɜːt] v. 弄伤，弄疼；伤害；感到疼痛 n. 伤害，疼苦
Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.【2013辽宁阅读】经常那些伤害你的人并不打算道歉。
Lucy was badly hurt in a traffic accident last week.【2013浙江单词】露西在上周的交通事故中伤的很重。
If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.【2012全国二】要不是他之前弄伤了他的脚，John会赢得比赛。
Which part of the man’s body hurts?【2014湖南】男人的身体哪个部分疼?

husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n. 丈夫
hydrogen [ˈhaɪdrədʒən] n. 氢





高考核心词汇与练习---H （含答案）
1. harm n. 伤害；损害 v. 伤害；损害
( 1) The drought was _______(harm) to the crops.
【答案】harmful
( 2) Don’t believe him. No harm has ever _____ him.
A. to do B. done to C. been done to D. did to
【答案】答案 C解析：考查固定短语do harm to的完成被动式harm has been done to。
( 3) Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ______.
A. hurt B. damaged C. spoiled D. harmed
【答案】答案 C解析：句意：受到父母过分照顾的孩子容易被宠坏。spoiled“宠坏的，惯坏的”，符合题意。
2. hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑不决
( 1) Without _________(hesitate), Meng Xiangbin jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman.
【答案】hesitation
( 2) We are at your service. Don’t _____ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：我们愿意为你效劳。如果你还有什么问题尽管找我们。beg“祈求”；desire“希望得到”；seek to do sth.“努力做某事”。hesitate to do…“不情愿做……”，符合句意。
( 3) Though she ______ for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.
A. dared B. nervous C. wondered D. hesitated
【答案】答案 D解析：尽管她犹豫了一会儿……，hesitate“犹豫，踌躇”。
3. harmony n. 融洽；和谐
( 1) The tribes are living _________________(和……和谐相处) nature.
【答案】in harmony with
( 2) There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ______ with its surroundings.
A. coincidence B. harmony C. uniform D. alliance
【答案】答案 B解析：题意：这个国家曾有个小镇，在那里拨通的生命都能与周围环境和谐共享。四个选项都含有“一致”的意思。coincidence意为“一致，巧合”，多指在时、空等方面相同；harmony意为“和谐；融洽”，短语in harmony with = in accordance with，意为“与……和谐一致”；uniform作名词时意为“制服；军服”；alliance意为“同盟，联合”，指各方面采取一致行动等。很显然B项正确。
( 3) His tastes are ______ harmony with mine.
A. at B. for C. in D. on
【答案】答案 C解析：考查固定短语in harmony with“和……一致”。
4. honor n. 尊敬；崇敬；荣幸，光荣 v. 尊敬；尊重
( 1) A celebration was held ___________(尊敬) the famous poet’s birthday.
【答案】in honor of
( 2) I feel highly _____ the kind things you say about me.
A. honored for B. honor for C. honored by D. honor by
【答案】答案 C解析：根据以上提示A不合题意，B、D结构不对，答案为C。
( 3) Mr. Chairman, it’s my _____ to be asked to speak here on the international affairs.
A. turn B. honor C. time D. opinion
【答案】答案 B解析：It’s one’s honor to do…“做……是某人的荣幸”。
5. hide v. 藏；隐藏
( 1) She hides herself __________in her office all day.她整天躲在办公室里。
【答案】away
( 2) The mother wondered where her boy ______.
A. hid himself B. was hidden C. was hiding D. hid herself
【答案】答案 B解析：be hidden形式上是被动，但却无被动之意，它强调的是一个完成了情况和存在着的状态，此句表示：这位母亲想知道，她的儿子藏在哪里。
( 3) The villagers found the loss child ______ in the cave.
A. hide B. hiding C. to hide D. to be hidden
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：村民们发现那个丢失的孩子在山洞里。Hide可用作不及物动词，在很多情况下，hiding可用作形容词，此处的hiding作宾补。
6. habit n. 习惯
( 1) I only do it __________________(出于习惯).
【答案】out of habit
( 2) It is easy to get into the _____ of taking drugs, but it’s very difficult to get rid of it.
A. practice B. custom C. habit D. habitat
【答案】答案 C解析：染上吸毒恶习很容易，但要戒除却很难。habit一般指个人习惯；custom强调社会风俗习惯。
( 3) It is the _____ in this country to go out and pick flowers on the first day of spring.
A. use B. custom C. habit D. normal
【答案】答案 B解析：custom是指国家、民族或群体的社会风俗和习惯，而habit是人或动物的个人习惯。
7．hold back阻止，阻挡，抑制，控制(情绪、情感等)，隐瞒；犹豫
(1)The villagers built banks of earth _________________(阻挡) the flood water.
(2) In regular classes these children _____________________(hold back) in their intellectual (智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children.
【答案】(1) to hold;d back (2) are held back
(3)He is so determined that no one can from making an attempt.
A．hold back him B．hold him back
C．hold him up D．hold to him
【答案】答案　B
解析　hold back属于“及物动词＋副词”词组，代词应放在中间。句意为：他意志如此坚定以致于没人能阻止他作出尝试。
(4)He was so angry that he just couldn’t from telling them what he thought.
A．hold off B．hold on
C．hold back D．hold up
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：他是那样的生气以致于他禁不住告诉了他们他的想法。hold back阻挡，符合句意。
8．however＋形容词/副词
(1)________________________________ (无论你从哪方面看)，the picture just looks like a big tree.
(2)A: However(＝No matter how) much it cost，he had to have the car repaired.
B: ________________it cost, he had to have the car repaired.
【答案】(1) Whichever way you look at it (2) No matter how much
(3) wrong he is，his wife will always support him.
A．However B．Whenever
C．Whatever D．Whichever
【答案】答案　A
解析　句意为：无论他多么的错，他妻子总是支持他。属“however＋形容词＋主语＋谓语……”结构。
(4) you prefer，I’ll give it to you，but we haven’t any other models for you to choose from.
A．Whatever B．Whenever
C．However D．Whichever
【答案】答案　D
解析　whichever此处用作prefer的宾语，句意为：无论你要哪一个，我都给你，但我们没有任何别的型号供你从中挑选了。由于有一定的范围，故只能选D项。
9．have difficulty (in) doing sth.
(1)A: I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.
B: I got in touch with him___________________.
(2)I have a hard time ____________(pay) attention in class.
(3)I have no difficulty/trouble __________the problem / _______working out the problem.
【答案】(1) without difficulty (2) paying (3)with ; in
(4)You can imagine the difficulty they have such a large population.
A．fed B．to feed C．feeding D．been fed
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：你能够想象到他们要养活那么多人所遇到的困难。they have such a large population是定语从句，修饰difficulty。difficulty是have的宾语。它们构成了have difficulty (in) doing...句式。故选C项。
(5)—Did you easily find his house?
—Yes.Everyone in this city knew him，so we had his house.
A．no difficulties finding B．not trouble in finding
C．no difficulty to find D．no difficulty finding
【答案】答案　D
解析　have no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事没有困难。
10．have fun玩得开心；作乐，玩乐
(1) I’m not saying it for/in fun. 我讲这话不是开玩笑的。
(2)For me it was like a holiday because we were going ________________all day long.
【答案】(1) for / in (2)to have fun
(3) it is to jump into the river to have a swim in hot summer！
A．What a fun B．How a fun
C．What fun D．How fun
【答案】答案　C
解析　fun为不可数名词，故应用what修饰。
(4)—We will go to Beijing for our holidays next week.
—
A．Go ahead，please. B．Have fun.
C．Good luck. D．Help yourself.
【答案】答案　B
解析　Have fun.祝你玩得开心。常用于口语，向对方的娱乐活动表示祝愿。
11．hang/hold on不挂断电话
(1) —Is Peter there?
—________________(请等一会儿), please.I’ll see if I can find him for you.
(2)Please ________________(给我打电话) this afternoon.
【答案】(1) Hold on (2)call me up
(3)—Hello，this is Peter.Is Mrs.Smith in?
—Please .She is in the kitchen.
A．hold on B．ring off
C．ring back D．give her a ring
【答案】答案　A
解析　由“她在厨房里”可知，此处应表示“不要挂，请稍等”；hold on不要挂电话，符合句意。
(4)—Tom，the bell is ringing.
—OK，I’ll it.
A．ring B．call
C．answer D．receive
【答案】答案　C
解析　由语境可知，此处应是接电话，表达这一意思应用answer。
12．hang on坚持下去；紧握着不撒手；(打电话时)不挂断
(1) There are some kids ________________(闲逛)in the streets.
(2)Hang __________ tight—we’re off.抓紧了——我们出发了。
【答案】(1) hanging about (2)on
(3)The computer is easy to handle once you it.
A．hang about B．get the hang of
C．get hold of D．hang on to
【答案】答案　B
解析　句意为：一旦掌握了诀窍，计算机就很容易操作。get the hang of学会……的诀窍；理解。
(4)I can’t —the boss wants to see me.
A．hang on B．hang about
C．hang up D．hang my head
【答案】答案　B
解析　hang about慢悠悠。句意为：我不能磨磨蹭蹭了，老板要见我。
13．help out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
(1) He was rushing back to help them ___________poverty.他正匆忙回来帮助他们摆脱贫困。(2)Please help me out __________this problem.请帮我解决这个问题。
(3) I can’t help ___________(wonder) what happened to that little girl.
【答案】(1) out of (2) with (3)wondering
(4)—Do you think I could borrow your MP4?
—
A．How come? B．Take your time.
C．Yes，go on. D．Yes，help yourself.
【答案】答案　D
解析　句意为：——我能借你的MP4吗？——可以，随便用。
(5)When I in the kitchen，nothing made me feel better than preparing the eggs and serving them just the way the customers wanted.
A．helped out B．figured out
C．worked out D．found out
【答案】答案　A
解析　由句意可知，此处应意为“当我在厨房帮忙的时候”。help out帮助摆脱困难。
14．hold one’s breath屏息；屏气
(1)He___________，not daring to make any sound.
(2)When he dashed back，he was already ______________(喘不过气来).
当他冲回来时，已经是上气不接下气了。
【答案】(1) held his breath (2)out of breath
(3)Eric came running into the room， .
A．out of breath B．under his breath
C．in the same breath D．taking a deep breath
【答案】答案　A
解析　由前面running into the room可知，应是“气喘吁吁”，故选A项，介词短语作状语。
(4)Jack and then dived into the water.
A．held his breath B．took a deep breath
C．caught his breath D．was out of breath
【答案】答案　B
解析　句意为：杰克深吸一口气，然后潜入水中。take a deep breath深呼吸。
15．have an appetite for喜爱，渴望
(1)Since childhood，he has developed a strong appetite _________ knowledge.
(2) She has completely _________ her appetite (食欲减退) since the operation.
【答案】(1) for (2)lost
(3)The long walk gave him a good .
A．appetite B．applause C．appliance D．application
【答案】答案　A
解析　句意为：走了很长的路使他有了食欲。give sb. an appetite使某人有食欲。
(4)He had life and enjoyed the workings of objects and animals.
A．appetite for；exploring
B．an appetite for；exploring
C．appetite in；to explore
D．an appetite for；to explore
【答案】答案　B
解析　have an appetite for热爱/爱好……；enjoy doing喜欢做……。
16．have faith in对……有信心，信仰……
(1)I have faith _________ her and I’m sure she’ll pass the exam.
(2) A ____________ (faith) friend is hard to find.
【答案】(1)in (2)faithful
(3)The girl wants to marry a boy like Grey Wolf because he is his wife.
A．fond of B．good to
C．faithful to D．pleased with
【答案】答案　C
解析　be faithful to sb.忠实于某人。句意为：这个女孩想嫁给一个像Grey Wolf的男孩，因为他忠实于他的妻子。
(4)It is his special way of thanking us for the faith we in him.
A．had B．took
C．showed D．believed
【答案】答案　A
解析　have faith in对……有信心，相信……。we in him为定语从句，修饰先行词faith。
17．have nothing to do with与……无关；与……没往来
(1)The man_______________________________ (与……有关) that case.
(2)I could ______________________(不了解) his explanation.
【答案】(1) had something to do with (2) make nothing of
(3)The accident had to do with the driver’s carelessness，so in a way he should be punished.
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
【答案】答案　A
解析　由so后可知，事故与司机的粗心有关。have something to do with与……有关。
(4)The teacher was very angry because most of the questions he asked his lessons.
A．dealt with
B．made a big difference to
C．had nothing to do with
D．were related to
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：老师很生气，因为他问的大多数问题和他的功课无关。have nothing to do with与……无关。
18．hold out拿出；维持；守住；伸出
(1)The steel strike in U．S. may hold __________ (延误) the production of all new cars for several months.
(2)The soldiers held ___________ (维持) for eight weeks.
(3)England，Wales and Scotland ________________(团结) to make up Great Britain.
【答案】(1) up (2) out (3)hold together
(4)—Why are you so late?
—Bad luck.A car accident took place not far outside the town，and so we were on the way.
A．stopped B．prevented
C．held on D．held up
【答案】答案　D
解析　hold up阻挡，延误。空格处句意为：因此在路上我们被延误了。
(5)The food is not much.How long do you think it will ？
A．hold on B．hold back
C．hold out D．hold together
【答案】答案　C
解析　hold out(食物等)维持。后半句句意为：你认为食物能维持多久？
(6)He was so angry that he just couldn’t from telling them what he thought.
A．hold off B．hold on
C．hold back D．hold up
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：他是那样的生气以致于他禁不住告诉了他们他的想法。hold back阻挡；抵制(感情)，符合句意。
(7)The wise president the whole nation after the war broke out.
A．held together B．carried together
C．took together D．brought together
【答案】答案　A
解析　考查动词短语辨析。hold together意为“使团结，使结合在一起”，符合语境。句意为：战争爆发后英明的总统把全国人民团结了起来。
19. hunt for寻找
(1)He ___________(找出) an old diary.
(2) The police dog is hunting _________the buried jewelry under the direction of the policeman.
【答案】(1) hunted out (2)for
(3) for a job is a painful experience but nearly everyone must endure (忍受) at least once in a lifetime.
A．Finding B．Hunting
C．Regarding D．Reviewing
【答案】答案　B
解析　hunt for寻找；find发现，找到，为及物动词；regard把……看作；review复习。
(4)After graduation from college，he began to wander from city to city， a suitable job.
A．hunting for B．taking on
C．looking after D．bringing up
【答案】答案　A
解析　由句意可知，此处应是“寻找一份合适的工作”；hunt for寻找，符合句意，故选A项。
20．have a hand in干预，参与，插手
(1)The captain was unwilling to hand ________(移交) the command of his ship.
(2)I handed ________ (分发) the cards，and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.
(3)I handed the watch ________ (交给) the police.
(4)I hope you will not have a hand ________ this matter.
【答案】(1) over (2) out (3) in to (4)in
(5)Please with this box.It’s too heavy.I can’t manage it myself.
A．get a hand　　　　 B．lend me a hand
C．have a hand D．give me a free hand
【答案】答案　B
解析　lend sb.a hand帮某人一个忙。
(6)—Will a sofa do?
—Sure.But if you haven’t，a chair is OK.There are some .
A．at hand B．in hand
C．by hand D．with hand
【答案】答案　A
解析　此处指“手头上就有一些”；at hand在手头上；在附近。
—Will a sofa do?
(7)She resigned and to one of her younger colleagues.
A．handed down B．handed in
C．handed over D．handed out
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：她辞职了，由一位比她年轻的同事接任。hand over把(权力或责任)移交给(某人)。
21. Had they known...虚拟，倒装
(1)A：If it should rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off.
B：____________________，the sports meeting would be put off.
(2) ___________________the expense，I would go abroad now. 如果不是因为费用问题，我现在就出国了。
【答案】(1) Should it rain tomorrow (2) Were it not for
(3)The printer is of good quality. it break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
【答案】答案　B
解析　表示与将来事实相反，条件句中用should＋动词原形。
(4) ，I’d have told you.
A．If I would have known it
B．If I had have known it
C．Had I known it
D．Should I know it
【答案】答案　C
解析　由主句可知，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，省略if，故将had提前。
22. have been playing...现在完成进行时
(1)I __________________(wait) half an hour，but she hasn’t turned up yet. 我已等了半个小时，但她还没露面呢。
(2) I am tired.I ____________________(clean) the house the whole morning.我累了，整个上午我都在打扫房间。
【答案】(1) having been waiting (2)having been cleaning
(3)—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so.He for it for months.
A．is preparing B．was preparing
C．had been preparing D．has been preparing
【答案】答案　D
解析　由句中“for months”与“will”可知，prepare的动作应发生在过去而且到目前还在继续，故用现在完成进行时。
(4)Ever since the Greens moved to the country a year ago，they better health.
A．are enjoying B．have been enjoying
C．could have enjoyed D．had enjoyed
【答案】答案　B
解析　由时间状语ever since可知句子时态要用现在完成时，根据句意可知该动作自过去发生一直持续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去，故用现在完成进行时。
23. 含蓄条件句
(1) 要不是下雨，旅行本来会很棒。
a. ________________________it would have been a great trip.
b. ________________________it would have been a great trip.

(2) I _________________(finish) the work so soon without your help．没有你的帮助，我就不可能那么快完成工作。
【答案】(1) a. But for the rain b. If it hadn’t been for the rain
(2) could not have finished
(3)—I heard your journey was not very pleasant.
—But for the sudden rain we a wonderful time.
A．will have B．should have had
C．should have D．had
【答案】答案　B
解析　由语境可知，该句应是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应用would/should/could...＋have done结构。
(4)Without the help of my English teacher，I the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win B．would have won
C．would not win D．would not have won
【答案】答案　D
解析　句意为：没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语演讲比赛中获取第一名。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故选D。