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05 高考单词E -十年（2012-2021）高考英语3500单词分字母汇编（高考真句+检测）
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高考单词E
encounter [ɪn'kaʊntə(r)] n. 邂逅；遭遇 v. 遭遇；偶然碰到
【助记】counter可表示“相对的”，这种面对面的情景，引申出encounter相遇，偶遇。
【真句】 I encountered many hikers ... 【2018年天津】我遇到了很多徒步旅行者
eager [ˈiːɡə] adj. 热切的(放名词前)；渴望的
Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.【2014湖南阅读】由于大众
的需要，我们将为热切的初学者开启一个写作项目。
用法：be eager to do sth/for sth渴望做某事
He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door.【2013江西阅读】他如此渴望扩大农场以至于他没有注意到河水已经慢慢的流向他的大门
同义词：be desperate to do sth/for sth渴望……；long to do sth/for sth；be anxious to do sth/for sth
educate [ˈedjʊkeɪt] vt. 教育, 培养
【真句】 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water... 【2020浙江】每年的这一天，世界各国都举办活动，教育人们了解脏水问题。
【拓展】educator ['edju:keitə(r)] n. 教育家
education [edjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 教育, 培养
eagle[ˈiːɡəl] n. 鹰
ear [ɪə] n. 耳朵
early [ɜːlɪ] adj. 早期的，提前的；adv. 在早期，提前
Book early to get a table.【2016全国二阅读】提前预定可以得到一个桌位。
Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject.【2016天津】玛丽在早期的讨论是沉默的，但是最后给出了这一话题的观点。
earn [ɜːn] v. 挣；赢得；博得
College graduates earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.【2014四川阅读】
大学毕业生获得的收入是没上过大学的人的收入两倍。
When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.【2013北京完形】当我进入伯克利大学的时候我希望赢得奖学金
She devoted herself entirely to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.【2012湖北】她完全致力于她的研究并且在其领域当中博得了声誉。
短语：earn one’s living 谋生（相当于 make a living）
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.【2015安徽阅读】多年来，大部分爱尔兰人靠做农民谋生。
earth [ɜːθ] n. 地球；土地
辨析：on earth 究竟；
Why on earth did you do that?【2015湖北阅读】你究竟为什么那么做？
on the earth在地球上
There are already too many people on the Earth.【2013重庆阅读】地球上有太多的人。
earthquake [ˈɜːθkweɪk] n. 地震
easy [ˈi:zi] adj. 容易的；舒服的
They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.【2015全国一阅读】他们不得不寻找舒适的椅子来匹配这些桌子
It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood.【2013重庆完形】很容易忽视身体在影响情绪方面所扮演的角色
easy的名词形式：ease
easy的动词形式：ease
ease [iːz] n. 容易 v. 缓解
Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis.【2013上海阅读】以下是缓解当前食品危机的3个措施
We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.【2012浙江】我们生活在一个可以比以往任何时候都容易获得更多信息的时代里。
同义词：relieve v. 缓解
east [iːst] adj. 东 adv. 在东方 n. 东，东方
eastern [ˈiːstən] adj. 东方的；东部的
eastwards [ˈiːstwədz] adv. 向东
Easter [ˈiːstə] n. 复活节
eat [iːt] v. 吃
短语：eat out 外出吃饭
My mom suggests that we should eat out for a change this weekend.【2013陕西】妈妈建议我们周末出去吃饭
eat up 吃光
More often than not, the escaped fish is then eaten up.【2014湖南阅读】那些逃脱的鱼经常都被吃光了。
ecology [ɪˈkɔlədʒɪ] n. 生态；生态学
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.【2015陕西阅读】很明显，咖啡的种植方式影响生活的许多方面，从当地的环境到全球的生态。
economy, economic, economist, economics的辨析
economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 经济
Television gave another push to the local economy.【2015湖北阅读】电视也推动了当地的经济。
economy的形容词形式为：economic
economic [ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk] adj. 经济的
The values of artistic works are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.【2015重庆阅读】 艺术作品的价值观仅仅反应了当地的社会和经济条件。
economics [ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪks] n. 经济学
There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about the economy.【2014山东阅读】很多学生都不是经济学专业，他们想学一些经济学的东西。
economist [ɪˈkɒnəmɪst] n. 经济学家
edge [edʒ] n. 边缘；优势
I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball.【2014浙江阅读】我坐在街边，羡慕地看着街上的其他的孩子玩棒球。
We feel we’re at the cutting edge.【2015浙江阅读】我们觉得我们有优势
edit [ˈedɪt]v. 编辑，剪辑
The dictionary was edited by an American volunteer.【2012山东阅读】该字典是由一个美国志愿者编辑的。
edit的名词形式：edition, editor
edition [ɪˈdɪʃən] n. 编辑，版本
The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.【2015山东阅读】新版本计划于5月面世。
editor [ˈedɪtə] n. 编辑
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.【2015北京阅读】他渴望和一个能把他的好主意变成一个伟大主意的编辑谈话。
educate [ˈedjʊkeɪt] v. 教育
Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.【2013湖北阅读】电脑彻底改变了我们的生活而且它们能够教育并且传授知识。
My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives.【2013辽宁阅读】
我和我的妻子决定去教育人们怎样在生活中变得环保。
educate的名词形式：education 教育；educator 教育者
educate的形容词形式：educated educational
educated [ˈedʒukeɪtɪd] adj. 受过教育的
Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. 受过教育的人是理性的，并且回去查看事实。[任务型读写]2015安徽
educational [ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl] adj. 教育的
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant.【2016天津写作】我是一个34岁的已婚男人，住着一个漂亮的房子并且作为教育顾问有着一个非常成功的职业。
effect [ɪˈfekt] n. 影响；效果
用法：have an a(n) adj influence/effect/impact on 对……有影响
Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.【2014安徽阅读】雨林对世界环境有很大影响因为他们可以吸收太阳的热量并且调节气候。
短语：take effect 生效
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.【2014山东阅读】
很少有法律如此有效以至于你可以看到他们在实施几天之后就生效了。
put/bring sth into effect 实施
Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to create an ideal observation condition
【2013天津阅读】照明规定在Flagstaff, Arizona被实施以创造一个理想的观测条件。
side effect 副作用
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.【2015浙江】尽管大约2000多人服用了该药但是还不清楚其副作用是什么。
注意：affect虽然也有“影响”的意思，但是它是动词而effect是名词
effect的形容词形式：effective
effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj. 有效的
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.【2014山东阅读】
很少有法律如此有效以至于你可以看到他们在实施几天之后就生效了。
efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj. 高效的
This would mean a more efficient use of time.【2013上海阅读】这意味着时间可以得到高效利用。
efficient的名词形式：efficiency
efficiency [ɪˈfɪʃnsi] n. 效率
Factories have improved efficiency.【2014江西阅读】工厂改善了效率。
effort [ˈefət] n.力气，精力；努力
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits?【2015江西阅读】为什么人类要探索太空？为什么要将金钱、时间、精力花费在探索和研究一些没有明显好处的东西上。
短语：make an effort /make every effort to do 努力做某事；
Adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing
so.【2012上海阅读】青少年同龄人群体通常努力逃离成年人的监督并且通常会成功。
spare no effort(s) to do 不遗余力
Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
【2013福建阅读】父母为他们的小孩安排了一切并且不遗余力地为他们的成功开辟道路。
egg [eɡ] n. 蛋，卵
eggplant [ˈeɡplɑːnt] n. 茄子
elder[ˈeldə] adj 年纪较大的（只放在名词前）；n 长者，长辈
I attended match after match and performances of my elder son’s band.【2014四川完形】我参加了大儿子一场又一场的比赛和表演。
He filled his leather container with water so that he could bring some back to an elder who had been his teacher.【2015广东语法填空】他将皮质的容器装满水这样他就可以将水带回给一位长者，这位长者曾经是他的老师。
elect [ɪˈlekt] v. 选举
They each gave a speech telling us what they would do when they were elected.【2012北京写作】他们都做了演讲，告诉我们当他们被选举的时候会做什么。
elect的名词形式：election 选举
electricity [ɪlekˈtrɪsɪtɪ] n. 电
It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【2016浙江】
及时支付你的电费账单是很重要的，因为晚点支付会影响你的信用。
辨析：electrical, electric, electronic
electrical [ɪˈlektrɪkəl] 电的，与电有关的
In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out.【2016北京阅读】在20世纪80年代电线和铅中毒几乎使它们灭绝。
electric[ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 用电的；带电的；电动的
An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush.【2014山东阅读】电动牙刷感觉到你刷了多长时间和多好。
Windmills allowed them to have electric lights and radio.【2015安徽阅读】风车可以让人们使用电灯和广播。
electronic [ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk] adj. 电子的
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.【2015江苏阅读】电子设备包含有诸如金银这样的贵重金属。
elegant [ˈelɪɡənt] adj. 优雅的，精美的
Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.【2016全国三语法填空】
真正精美的筷子可能是由带有汉子的金银组成的。
elephant [ˈelɪfənt] n. 大象
else [els] adj 别的，其他的（做后置定语）
Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame. 【2014浙江阅读】Joe非常的傲慢和固执，从来不承认他错了并且总是怪罪其他人。
短语：or else 否则
Run or else you'll be late.【高考真句】快跑, 不然你要迟到了。
elsewhere [ˌelsˈweə] adv. 其它的地方
You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.【2015北京阅读】同时你可以在其它地方提交文章
e-mail n. 电子邮件
embarrass [ɪmˈbærəs] v. 使尴尬
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me.【2015广东阅读】当我还是青少年的时候，我妈妈那蹩脚的英语使我很尴尬。
embarrass的名词形式：embarrassment
embarrass的形容词形式：embarrassed; embarrassing
embarrassment [ɪmˈbærəsmənt] n. 尴尬
Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.【2013江苏阅读】团队领袖必须克服与犯错有关的尴尬的自然欲望。
embarrassed [ɪmˈbærəst] adj. 尴尬的
I felt such a sense of relief that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school.【2015浙江完形】我感到很宽慰因为当我回学校的时候我不必再感到尴尬了。
embarrassing [ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ] adj. 令人尴尬的
I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year.【2012北京阅读】我笑了笑，立刻回想到年初那令人尴尬的时刻。
embassy [ˈembəsɪ] n. 大使馆
拓展：ambassador n. 男大使；ambassadress n. 女大使
emergency [ɪˈmɜːdʒənsɪ] n. 紧急情况
Emergency line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need 【2012湖北】紧急电话接线员必须保持冷静并且确保他们得到所有需要的信息。
emperor [ˈempərə] n. 皇帝
empire [ˈempaɪə] n. 帝国
employ [ɪmˈplɔɪ]vv. 雇佣；使用，运用
Merchants were employed to promote products.【2015全国一阅读】商人被雇佣来促销产品。
They are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity.【2013湖南简答】他们不被允许使用带电的工具。employ的名词形式：employee；employer；employment
employ的形容词形式：unemployed
employee [ɪmˈplɔɪi:] n. 雇员
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 【2015天津】该公司的老板努力创造一个雇员会喜欢他们自己工作的舒适氛围。
employer [ɪmˈplɔɪə] n. 雇主
Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.【2012陕西阅读】大多数雇主非常在乎他们员工的外貌，因为在顾客面前这些员工代表着公司。
employment [ɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n. 雇用；就业
The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it.【2015北京】由于当地政府努力增加就业率，大城市的就业率持续增加。
unemployed [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd] adj. 失业的
They are less likely to have been unemployed.【2016天津阅读】他们更不可能被解雇。
empty [ˈemptɪ] adj. 空的 v. 倒空
I emptied my purse change into the hands of a homeless man.【2015上海填词】我把包里的零钱倒在一个无家可归人的手上。
empty的名词形式：emptiness 空；空虚
encourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] 激励，鼓励；激发，助长
Teens may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior.【2014江苏阅读】青少年也许觉得被迫使用毒品或假如助长罪犯行为的团体。
Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions（预防措施）.【2013湖北阅读】看到暗淡的未来也许会激发人们对自己进行积极的评价并且采取改善的预防措施。
用法：encourage sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，鼓励某人做某事
We have to encourage young people to be more active.【2012安徽阅读】我们不得不鼓励年轻人变得更加积极。
encourage的名词形式：encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]鼓励
end [end] v. 结束，停止 n. 结束；末尾；端
It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.【2012全国一】总统做什么去结束罢工还不清楚。
Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship.【2014安徽阅读】其它痛苦的时刻也被提及，如关系的结束。
From her end of the conversation，I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill.【2014重庆阅读】从故事的末尾我们可以立刻判断出她的妈妈病情很严重。
After some time, I stopped at the other end of the town.【2012湖北完形】一段时间之后我再镇上的另一端停了下来。
end的形容词：endless adj. 无止境的；无数的
短语：
end in 以……告终
Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure.【2014湖北阅读】再次引入的做法不到24小时就以失败告终。
end up (尤指在经历一系列意料之外的事情后)最终处于
Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life.【2013全国二阅读】把这些信息放在一起你最后就可以拯救你妈妈的生命了。
You help organize sports activities and other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.【2014广东阅读】你可以帮助组织体育活动和其他户外活动，最后还可以取得一个导师资格证书，
in the end 最后
Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up.【2014北京阅读】当你不放弃的时候，好事肯定会发生的。
at the end of 在……最后
At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion.【2015天津阅】读在故事的最后，我的又想到了再次团聚的最后场景。
by the end of 到……的末端
By the end of winter, you will be able to put on your own boots.【2014江苏阅读】到冬天结束的时候，你能够穿上你自己的靴子。
on end 连续地
I’ve been working for two weeks on end.【2015江苏】我连续上了两周班。
make ends meet 收支相抵
We got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet.【2015天津阅读】我们起早贪黑的工作只能收支相抵。
come to an end 结束
Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.【2015江苏任务型阅读】在数码时代自由有可能结束。
put sth to an end 使……结束
I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.【2012广东阅读】我希望该研究将终结严格按照时间需要喂养孩子的做法。
ending [ˈendɪŋ] n. 结局，结尾
The happy ending of the story attracted him.【2015天津阅读】故事的快乐结局吸引了他
enemy [ˈenɪmɪ]n. 敌人
So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape. []2014山东 攻击时如此突然以至于敌人没时间逃跑。
energy [ˈenədʒɪ] n. 精力；能源；能量
Many of us invest valuable time, energy and money planning our vacations.【2014湖南阅读】我们当中的许多人投入了宝贵的时间、精力和钱来规划我们的假期。
The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe.【2013全国一】反对核能的主要论点为核能是不安全的。我们当中的许多人投入了宝贵的时间、精力和金钱在我们的假期规划当中。
Although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! 【2014重庆阅读】尽管胖的人比瘦的人消耗更多的能量，但是他们并没有意识到他们吃了多么多。
energy的形容词形式：energetic
energetic [enəˈdʒetɪk] adj.精力充沛的
Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic and ready to start a new day?【2015湖南】
你是不是每天早上起来感到精力充沛并且准备好开始新的一天。
engineering [ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] n. 工程
engine [ˈendʒɪn] n. 发动机
engineer [endʒɪˈnɪə] n. 工程师；
enjoy [ɪnˈdʒɔɪ] v. 享受；享有，拥有
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 【2015天津】该公司的老板努力创造一个雇员会喜欢他们自己工作的舒适氛围。
Its products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands.【2013湖南阅读】它的产品享有世界顶级品牌的名声。
短语：enjoy oneself 玩的开心
The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine.【2015北京】公园充满了在阳光下玩得开心的人
enjoy的名词形式：enjoyment快乐，乐趣；enjoy的形容词形式：enjoyable [ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl] 令人快乐的
I got no enjoyment out of jogging.【2013浙江阅读】在慢跑中我并没有得到什么乐趣。
Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.【2013上海阅读】听音乐对他们而言远非让他们快乐。
enlarge [ɪnˈlɑːdʒ]v. 扩大
He hoped to enlarge the forest on the farm.【2013四川阅读】他希望扩大农田中林地的面积。
enough [ɪˈnʌf] n. 足够 adj. 足够的/充分的 adv. 足够地/充分地
In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs.【2015安徽阅读】
在20世纪50年代，许多穷人没有足够的钱搬往郊区。
Up until now, I had been old enough to dress myself, but today I would need some help.【2014陕西阅读】
到目前为止我已经足够大去自己穿衣服，但是今天我需要一些帮助。
Research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns.【2014北京阅读】在这一领域的研究不足以得出普遍的模式。
ensure [ɪn'ʃʊə] v. 确保（等于make sure）
Every few years, the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.【2015上海】每隔几年煤炭工人都会给他们的肺做X光以确保它们健康。
enquiry [ɪnˈkwaɪərɪ] n. 询问
enter [ˈentə] vt进入；输入
Knock at the door before you enter my room, please.【2012北京】进入房间之前请先敲门
Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past?【2013广东阅读】她输入学生号的速度和以前一样吗？
enter的名词形式：entry [ˈentrɪ] 进入（的动作），进入（权）；entrance [ˈentrəns] 入口，进入（权）
They are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required.【2013湖南阅读】
参与者可以自由进入，不需要资格认证。
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school; I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked.【2014北京作文】我们学校停自行车的地方有一个问题；我注意到入口太小了并且几乎被堵住了。
We shouldn't take it for granted that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination.【2014浙江阅读】我们不能理所当然地认为在入学考试之前还有很多时间。
enterprise [ˈentəpraɪz] n. 公司
含有“公司”之意的词：company; firm; corporation; business
entertain [entəˈteɪn] v. 使快乐，娱乐；招待，款待
Your favorite Channel 3 television actors and singers will entertain you.【2013江西阅读】你最爱的3频道的歌手和演员将逗你开心
You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. 【2015天津阅读】当一些家庭成员觉得你侵犯他们隐私的时候你无权在家款待朋友。
entertain的名词形式：entertainment [entəˈteɪnmənt] 娱乐活动，娱乐节目；招待，款待
entertainer表演者；
entertain的形容词形式：entertaining有趣的
enthusiastic [ɪnθjuːzɪˈæstɪk] adj. 热情的，热心的
If they win the final tonight, the team is going to tour around the city to be cheered by their enthusiastic supporters.【2015浙江】如果他们今晚赢得了决赛，队伍将会环游被热情的支持者所欢呼的城市。
用法：be enthusiastic about (doing) sth
She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.【高考真句】她甚至对前往西班牙都不怎么感兴趣。
enthusiastic的名词形式：enthusiasm 热情
Her enthusiasm never cooled down.【2013湖南阅读】她的热情从来没有退却。
entire [ɪnˈtaɪə] adj. 全部的，整个的
All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for the entire family!【2015福建阅读】在9月12日之前所有预定的全部家庭都可以得到免费旅游保险。
entire的副词：entirely 完全地，彻底地
Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.【2015天津】被成英语之后，这个句子有完全不同的语序。
拓展：含有“完全地”之意的词altogether; totally; completely; purely; thoroughly; wholly
envelope [ˈenvələʊp] n. 信封
environment [ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt] n.环境
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.【2014福建阅读】正是文化而非语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。
We are confident that the environment will be improved by our further efforts to reduce pollution.【2013辽宁阅读】我们却信通过进一步的减少污染的努力环境将会被改善。
environment的形容词形式： environmental 环境的
Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. 【2015安徽阅读】 我们不仅要考虑工程本身的成本而且还要考虑环境的成本。
envy [ˈenvɪ] n. v. 羡慕，嫉妒
She was the envy of the whole community.【2016江苏阅读】整个社区都羡慕她。
He envied Richard’s marriage.【2014上海阅读】他嫉妒理查德的婚姻。
envy的形容词形式：envious [ˈenviəs] adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的，
Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously.【2012江西阅读】马克和他的兄弟杰森羡慕地看着闪闪发光的新电脑。
envious同义词: jealous [ˈdʒeləs] adj. 嫉妒的；羡慕的
He’s just jealous!【2013江西阅读】他就是嫉妒我。
短语：be jealous of 对……嫉妒
Chimps are jealous of the winners.【2014上海阅读】黑猩猩嫉妒赢家。
jealous的名词形式jealousy [ˈdʒeləsi] n. 嫉妒；羡慕
equal [ˈiːkwəl] adj平等的；（大小、数量、价值）相同的； vt与某人或某事物相等或相同
He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others.【2015江西阅读】
他认为人生而平等，尽管一些人潜力比其他人大。
Celebrity clothing lines are started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands.【2013湖南阅读】名人衣服产品由一流明星创办，他们的产品与国际品牌的产品享有同等的声誉。
We chase happiness and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.【2013天津阅读】我们追逐幸福并将幸福等同于成功和财富，却没有意识到那些拥有成功与财富的人未必更幸福。
短语：have no equal出类拔萃
Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.【2012陕西阅读】在演奏流行歌曲方面阿姆斯特朗出类拔萃。
equal的名词形式：equality [iːˈkwɔlətɪ] n. 平等
But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.【2013广东阅读】但是家庭方面的专家警告这种新的平等可能导致孩子对父母不够尊重。
equip [ɪˈkwɪp] vt.装备，配备；使有知识或技能，使能够胜任
To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best — not the one that is the most competitive or has the best- equipped rooms.【2014四川阅读】对我们而言你将做的最重要的决定就是选择一个最适合你的学校，而不是最有竞争力的或装备最好的学校。
Equip the unemployed with different skills.【2013福建阅读】使失业人员有不同的技能。
It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.【2014全国二】人们经常说人类自然能够说话
equip的名词形式：equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] n. 设备，装备
Children get free equipment for their online education.【2015辽宁阅读】儿童可以得到网络教育的免费装备。
eraser [ɪˈreɪzə] n. 橡皮擦
error [ˈerə] n. 错误 同义词：mistake n. 错误
erupt [ɪˈrʌpt] v. 爆发，迸发
The crowd erupted into laughter.【2015福建完形】人群爆发出笑声。
erupt的名词形式：eruption [ɪ'rʌpʃn] 爆发
a volcanic eruption 【2014辽宁阅读】火山爆发
escape [ɪˈskeɪp] v. 逃走；逃避
Only with the greatest of luck did he manage to escape from the rising flood waters.【2012上海】
只有拥有非常好的运气她才能成功逃脱越来越大的洪水。
A wicked person cannot escape punishment.【2014福建阅读】坏人不可能逃避惩罚。
短语：escape one’s attention 逃过某人的注意，被某人忽视
Although he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.【2012广东完形】
尽管他认为坐在后面可以逃避注意力但是他错了
name/title/date etc escapes sb. 某人记不起名字、标题、日期等
Her name escapes me.【高考真句】我想不起她的名字了
especially [ɪˈspeʃəlɪ] adv. 尤其，特别
The text is especially helpful for those who care about their body shape.【2015全国二阅读】这篇文章对于那些在乎身体体形的来说尤其有帮助。
同义词：particularly adv. 尤其，特别
essay [ˈeseɪ] n. 文章，散文
He went to the library after breakfast and has been writing his essay there ever since.【2015福建】
早饭后他去了图书馆，从那之后他一直在写文章
同义词：article n. 文章
evaluate [ɪˈvæljʊeɪt] v. 评价，评估
Data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators.【2013江苏任务型读写】
其他调查者对数据进行了分析并且对结果进行了评价和分享。
evaluate的名词形式：evaluation [ɪˌvæljʊ'eɪʃn] n. 评价，评估
同义词：asses v. 评价，评估；judge v. 判断，评价
even [ˈiːvən] adv. 甚至 adj. 平的，均匀的
Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years!【2015广东完形】一些科学家甚至说我们可以活长达130岁。
At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew（千斤顶）the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.【2015湖南阅读】根据Pullman的信号，每个人同时以同样的力量转动千斤顶，因此这个大楼可以缓慢平稳地上升。
even so 即使这样
Even so, we decided to talk with the owner directly.【2015天津完形】即使这样，我们决定直接和主人谈话。
even if/though 即使，即便
Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual. 【2015湖北】尽管会议大厅在他的公寓附近，但是如果想准时他还得快点。
evening [ˈiːvnɪŋ] n. 傍晚，晚上（睡觉前） 注意：night n. 晚上（睡觉后）
event [ ɪ'vent] n. 事件；比赛项目；活动
Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?【2015全国二阅读】下面中的哪一个是在Cambridge Arts Cinema举办的著名事件。
Sports are also an event that unites people.【2015天津阅读】体育也是能够团结人们的活动。
What event will you take part in if you love to dance?【2014北京】如果你喜欢跳舞你将参加哪个比赛项目?
短语：in the event of 如果发生……
Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies.【2013江西阅读】通过给予物质的方式提供直接帮助在短期来看是有用的，但是如果发生紧急情况还得继续提供帮助。
eventually [ɪˈventjʊəlɪ] adv. 最后，最终
Eventually, I decided to follow her and what happened truly amazed me.【2016上海语法与词汇】最后我决定听从她的建议，发生的事情真的让我很惊讶。
同义词：finally adv. 最后，最终
ever [ˈevə] adv. 曾经
every [ˈevrɪ] adj. 每一，每个的
everybody pron. 每人，人人
everyday [ˈevrɪbɔdɪ] adj.每天的
everyone [ˈevrɪwʌn] pron. 每人
everything [ˈevrɪθɪŋ] pron. 每件事，所有事
everywhere [ˈevrɪweə] adv每个地方
evidence [ˈevɪdəns] n. 证据
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits.【2014陕西阅读】尽管有这些差异，但是证据表明最近的生活方式的变化也许影响法国人的饮食习惯。
evident [ˈevɪdənt] adj. 明显的
It became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! 【2012北京阅读】很明显有两个名字形同却长得完全一样的两个人。
evolution [iːvəˈluːʃn] n. 进化
He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.【2013江苏阅读】他怀疑是其他动物的进化引起了这个变化。
易混词：revolution [ˌrevəˈlu:ʃn] n. 革命
The TV revolution is changing lives for the better.【2015福建阅读】电视革命正在改变人们的生活往好的方向发展。
exact [ɪɡˈzækt] adj 确切的，精确的
Although the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.【2014湖南】尽管警方认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是因为他们没有确切的证据所以不能逮捕他。
More than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess.【2012广东阅读】尽管精确的数字很难被评估，但是已经有5亿多病情是由该疾病引起的。
短语：the exact opposite of sb/sth （与某人或某物）正好相反
The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.【2015上海】你试图通过语言传递的信息也许与别人实际上理解的正好相反。
to be exact 确切的说
To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions.【2016江苏任务型读写】确切的说，其他人可以提升我们的智力并且帮助我们去了解并且调整我们的情感。
exactly [ɪgˈzæktli] adv. 确切地，精确地；恰好，正好（用于强调）；
I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it happened.【2014山东】
那时我不在城里面，所以我不知道它确切是如何发生的。
4Everything about the house was exactly how Jack remembered it, except for the box. He figured someone from the Belser family had taken it.【2013江苏阅读】屋里所有东西的摆设恰好和杰克记忆里的一样，除了那个盒子。
examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt检查
Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity.【2012上海阅读】Reed Larson和他的同事检查了青少年的日常活动发现他们花更多的时间和朋友聊天相比参加其它活动。
Since I was not busy I would examine his wound.【2015全国一完形】因为我不忙所以我会检查他的伤口。
examine的名词形式：examination [ɪgˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn] 检查；考试（等于 exam）
Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.【2013湖南阅读】如果班上有几千个学生有限的反馈和检查会成为一个主要的任务。
We shouldn't take it for granted that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination.【2014浙江阅读】我们不能理所当然地认为在入学考试之前还有很多时间。
exam [ɪgˈzæm] n. 检查；考试
Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam be at the age of six months old.【2013浙江阅读】
眼科医生建议孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在6个月大的时候。
We are scheduled to attend the exam on June 7th and 8th. 【2014四川写作】按计划我们将于6月7号和8号考试。
example [ɪɡˈzɑːmpl] n 榜样；例子
用法: set an example for/to为……树立榜样；
There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for them.【2015天津阅读】 肯定有段时间我想退出，但是我知道我应该为他们树立一个榜样。
for example例如（等于for instance）
For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment.【2015上海阅读】例如，儿童可能改变足球和篮球的规则以适应他们的需求和环境。
take sth for example/instance举……为例
Take the rain forests for example.【2012重庆阅读】以热带雨林为例。
excellent [ˈeksələnt] adj. 优秀的，极好的
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine.【2015重庆阅读】回到营地你可以踢掉鞋子并且享受极好的食物和酒。
辨析：except; except for; except that; besides; in addition to; aside from; apart from
except [ɪkˈsept] 除了……（除去同类）
You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes.【2014重庆阅读】除了一双好的鞋子外你不需要任何其它特殊装备。（equipment与shoe同类）
except for 除了……（除去不同类）
Your composition is quite good except for a few mistakes.【高考真句】除了一些错误外你的作文挺好的。（composition与mistakes不同类）
besides 除了……（还）
Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet.【2015四川阅读】March除了是一个知识渊博的研究者之外他还是一个诗人。
in addition to除了……（还）（与besides同意）
In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.【2014浙江阅读】我们阅读除了获取知识外，我们还为了乐趣和灵感。
aside from/apart from 除了（既有except for的意思，也有besides的意思）
exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] n. 交换，调换；v. 交换
Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom.【2015北京阅读】因为我想学生彻底学习这些材料并且在课堂上彼此交换想法。
exchange A for B用A交换B
If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer.【2012北京阅读】如果该课程不能让你完全满意你可以调换其它我们提供的课程。
in exchange for 交换
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for fertilizer.【2015四川阅读】每周他都会清理Old Man McColgin的养鸡场以交换肥料。
excite [ɪkˈsaɪt] v. 使兴奋；引起，激起
To keep your brain young and plastic you can do a new activity that challenge and excite you.【2012四川阅读】为了使大脑保持年轻和可塑性，你可以参加一个具有挑战性的和让你兴奋的活动。
Art museums offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest.【2012全国一阅读】艺术课程提供多种多样的活动以激发孩子们的兴趣。
excite的形容词形式：excited 兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的
I realized, at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never owned anything in her whole life.【2014北京完形】在那时我看着她兴奋的笑脸，我意识到也许在她的生命中她从来都没有拥有这样的奖吧
A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience.【2014天津阅读】去剧院的年青人发现这是一个令人兴奋的经历。
含有“激起，引起”之意的单词：inspire, arouse
excuse [ɪkˈskju:s] n. 理由；接口
I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.【2014全国二阅读】我知道很多女性都不吃早饭，并且对此有许多理由。
I can’t tolerate any more excuse.【2015广东阅读】我不能再忍受更多的借口了。
短语：excuse oneself 礼貌地告辞
We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.【2014江西阅读】我们未必需要礼貌地告辞或者使他人扫兴。
exhibition [eksɪˈbɪʃən] n. 展览，展览会
The exhibition tells us that we should do something to stop air pollution.【2015四川阅读】这个展览告知我们需要做一些事情去阻止空气污染。
exhibition的动词形式：exhibit [ɪgˈzɪbɪt] v. 展览，展示
exist [ɪg'zɪst] vi 存在
Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons.【2012陕西】着装标准存在于商业世界是有许多原因的。
exist的名词形式：existence[ɪɡˈzɪstəns] 存在；
The experiment has ruled out the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.【2015江苏】这项实验排除了其他地球上有生命存在的可能性，但那并不意味着其它星球上没有生命。
exist的形容词形式：existing [ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ]现存的，正在使用的
Only if people of all the countries are united can we solve the existing problems in the world.【2015湖北完成句子】只有全国的人民团结在一起我们才能解决世界现存的问题。
exit [ˈeksɪt] n. 出口 exit的反义词：entrance n. 入口
expand [ɪkˈspænd] v. 扩大
The middle class is expanding.【2015广东阅读】中产阶级正在扩大。
expand的名词形式：expansion [ɪkˈspænʃn] 扩大
Clothes are now 70 percent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East.【2015湖北阅读】由于远东生产的扩大现在的衣服比20世纪60年代的衣服便宜60%。
易混词：extend 延长；延伸；扩展
extend [ɪkˈstend] v. 拖延，延长；延伸；提供，表示
The college years are becoming an extended period of adolescence.【2016北京阅读】大学正在变成青少年时期的延伸。
The inspector waved his arms to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother.【2015湖南阅读】检查者挥舞他们的手臂向Glenn的妈妈表示问候。
South Australia began extending daylight saving by two weeks for the Adelaide Festival.【2012全国一阅读】对于Adelaide Festival，南澳大利亚开始延长两周的白天时间。
extend的名词形式：extension [ɪkˈstenʃən] 拖延，延长；延伸；提供，表示
expect [ɪkˈspekt] vt期盼；预计；要求
Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.【2012湖北阅读】你的孩子似乎预料到最坏的事情会发生并且缺乏处理任何挑战的能力。
If you’re not willing to put in the time and work, don’t expect to receive any rewards.【2013广东阅读】如果你不能投入时间和精力你就不要期盼收到任何回报。
Be reasonable! You can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.【2012山东】
讲点道理！你不能要求我在这么短的时间内做完所有的工作。
expect的名词形式：expectation [ekspekˈteɪʃən] 期待；预计
However, that expectation changed when Sam showed signs of autism (自闭症) at the age of two. [完形]2015重庆 然而那种期盼改变了，当萨姆在两岁时得了自闭症。
expense [ɪkˈspens] n. 费用，花费
The university estimates that living expenses for international students are around $8,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.【2013湖南】大学估计国际学生的生活费大约8450美元一年，这对于一些人而言是一个负担。
at the expense of sb/sth以损害某人或某物为代价
The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.【2015天津阅读】如果学生与他人分享密码Office of Residence Life会在任何时候损害居民的利益为代价改变门锁密码。
at sb’s expense由某人付费。
If the printer should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.【2014天津】如果打印机万一在一年内坏了，我们会付费维修。
expense的形容词形式：expensive [ɪkˈspensɪv] adj. 昂贵的
experience [ɪkˈspɪərɪəns] n. 经历(cn) 经验(un) v. 经历,体验
The experience turned out to be very dull. 【2015北京阅读】那个经历结果是非常无聊的。
If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for.【2015全国一阅读】如果你24或25岁并且有教学和培训经验，你就是哪个我们要找的人。
Many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.【2015安徽阅读】 世界上的许多农业行业经历着持续的水短缺。
experience的形容词形式：experienced
experienced [ɪkˈspɪəriənst] adj. 有经验的
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.【2015浙江阅读】很容易想到年轻成员没有有经验的成员贡献的多。
短语：be experienced in sth/doing = have experience in sth/ doing 在……方面有经验
If you are aged 24-45 and experienced in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. 【2015全国一阅读】如果你24或25岁并且有教学和培训经验，你就是哪个我们要找的人。
experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] n.v. 实验
The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature.【2015辽宁阅读】
实验表明我们的生物钟受到光和温度的影响。
She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.【2015福建阅读】一方面她对被用来做实验的动物感到同情，另一方面她要顾及与Banting 和Best的友谊，因此她感到很痛苦。
expert [ˈekspɜːt] n. 专家 adj. 专家的；内行的
Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday.【2015安徽阅读】被认为是这一方面专家的Herman Friedman将在下周五于Grayson Hall演讲。
You will be expected to provide expert knowledge about all areas of ALRL’S Health and Safety.【2015四川阅读】你将被要求提供关于ALRL’S Health and Safety所有领域的专业知识。
短语：be an expert on/in/at 擅长……
Cathy Pareto is an expert in money planning.【2006四川阅读】Cathy Pareto是资金规划方面的专家。
explain [ɪksˈpleɪn] v 解释
用法：explain (sth) (to sb)向某人解释某事
How can I explain to my parents that I need some free time?【2013浙江阅读】我怎么能向我的父母解释我需要一些自由的时间？
Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way.【2014浙江阅读】通常大众科学用简单有趣的方式解释自然地基本原则。
explain的名词形式：explanation [ekspləˈneɪʃən] 解释
explicit [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt] adj. 清楚的，直截了当的
They learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.【2015广东阅读】他们了解到他们所看到的东西的直截了当的意思以及隐藏的意思。
exploit [ɪkˈsplɔɪt] vt 利用；开发；剥削
Exploit your parking space.【2015四川阅读】利用你的停车空间
Forests are exploited for farmland.【2013江西阅读】森林被开发用作农田。
Looking for missing and exploited children.【2013辽宁阅读】寻找失踪和被剥削的儿童。
exploit的名词形式：exploitation [ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn] n. 利用；开发；剥削
explore [ɪkˈsplɔː] v. 探索；玩；探讨；
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way.【2013江苏任务型读写】当有研究要做的时候，我们可以将话题分为几个部分这样就可以详细探讨这一问题。
This adventure provides unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta.【2015重庆阅读】这次历险给了我一次在三角洲玩的机会。
Why should mankind explore space?【2015江西阅读】人类为什么要探索太空呢？
explore的名词形式：exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn]探索，探讨 explorer [ɪkˈsplɔːrə] n. 探险者，勘探者
explode [ɪkˈspləʊd] v. 爆炸；快速增长
Many buildings exploded.【2012上海】许多建筑发生了爆炸。
The world’s urban population explodes.【2014湖北阅读】世界城市人口迅速增长。
explode的名词形式：explosion [ɪkˈspləʊʒn] 爆炸；快速增长
export [ɪkˈspɔːt] n. v.出口
What percentage of the world's tea exports go to Britain?【2016全国一】世界上出口到英国的茶占比多少？
export的反义词：import n. v. 进口
expose [ɪkˈspəʊz] 暴露；使暴露；揭露；接触，体验；
Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture. 【2014广西阅读】因为我是中国人，丈夫和我想孩子们接触中国的语言和文化。
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.【2013上海阅读】如果年轻人每天都暴露于吵闹的音乐中他们也许会冒有失聪的风险。
Most of the soil in Eastern Canada was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago.【2014江苏阅读】加拿大东部的土壤由风化的岩石形成，当冰块于12000年前消失的时候风化的岩石暴露出来。
During the experiment, blood flow in the brains of the participants was measured in order to expose the relationship between seeing and touching.【2006上海春】在实验期间，测量参与者的脑部血液流动是为了揭露视觉和触觉的关系。
expose的名词形式：exposure [ɪkˈspəʊʒə] 暴露；揭露；接触
They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer.【2013天津阅读】他们担心睡觉时暴露于灯光会增加人们得癌症的风险。
express [ɪkˈspres] v表达；表示
In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close.【2012四川阅读】
对话中他没有表示出高兴，并且他的生命似乎即将结束。
Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.【2012北京阅读】
Jerry并不后悔给出这样的评论但是觉得他本可以用一种不同的方式来表达。
express的名词形式：expression
expression [ɪkˈspreʃn] n. 表达，表示；表情；短语
In American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.【2012全国二阅读】在美国文化中，微笑总体是在表达高兴。
The underlined expression “cutting edge” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to advanced technique. 【2013广东阅读】第三段的下划线短语“cutting edge”意思与先进的技术相近。
He was wearing a serious expression.【2012陕西写作】他脸上挂着严肃的表情。
extra [ˈekstrə] adj. 额外的
Unless extra money is founded, the theatre will close.【2014全国一】除非额外的钱被找到，否则剧院将关门。
extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔːdɪnərɪ] adj. 非凡的，出色的；异乎寻常的
When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary.【2013天津阅读】当被问及关于幸福的时候，我们通常会想到一些非凡的事情。
What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.【2013北京】使这本书异乎寻常的是作者那创造性的想象力。
extreme [ɪkˈstriːm] adj. 极度的；极端的； n. 极端
What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.【2015湖南完成句子】令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
Imagine the extreme embarrassment I suffered, standing before my classmates, making fool of myself. 【2014湖北完形】相像一下我遭受的尴尬，站在同学面前愚弄我自己。
During his journey around the world, Phil White experienced the extremes of heat and cold.【2015上海阅读】在环游世界期间，Phil White经历了酷暑和严寒。
eye [aɪ] n. 眼睛
eyesight [ˈaɪsaɪt] n. 视力；视觉
eyewitness [ˈaɪwɪtnɪs] n. 目击证人
高考核心词汇与练习---E（含答案）
1. eager a. 热切的；渴望的
(1) Some patients are __________________(太急于) tell you exactly how they feel.
【答案】only / just / but / all too eager to
(2) The manager is _____ that the project should be started as early as possible.
A. eager B. worried C. anxious D. longed
【答案】答案A解析：句意：经理急于尽早地开始这项计划。be eager that…“急于……”。其他选项在搭配或意义上不合适。
(3) He listened to the story with _____ attention.
A. eager B. eagerly C. eagerness D. more eagerly
【答案】答案 A解析：句中需要一形容词修饰名词attention，故答案为Ａ。
2. ease v. 减轻；缓解 n. 容易；轻易
(1) He passed the exam _________ ease.
( 2) Peter felt ill ________ease with strangers.
【答案】(1) with (2) at
( 3) Old people desire a life of _____, which does not fit young people of my age.
A. easy B. easily C. ease D. more easily
【答案】答案 C解析：of是介词，后跟名词，a life of ease“安逸的生活”。
(4) It would _____ my mind to know that she was settled.
A. rob B. keep C. use D. ease
【答案】答案D解析：句意：知道她已安顿下来会使我放心些。ease one’s mind = make sb. less worried“使某人放心”。
3. employ v. 雇用
(1) He has been employed _______ writing a new book these days.这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。
【答案】(1) in
(2) There is a problem even for people in ______.
A. employment B. job C. employ D. profession
【答案】答案A解析：in employment“有工作”，多指为得酬劳而受人雇佣的工作。题意为：甚至对于有工作的人来说，这也是一个问题。profession特指需要一定学问或特殊训练的脑力劳动者的职业。
(3) The factory is the largest single ______ in the area.
A. employ B. employment C. employer D. employee
【答案】答案C解析：句意：这家工厂是该地区最大的一位雇主。employer“雇主”；employee“雇员”。根据句意即可知正确答案。
4. entertain v. 招待；款待；使有兴趣；使快乐
(1) I entertained my friends ________ dinner yesterday evening.昨晚我招待朋友吃晚饭。
(2) I found the talk both informative and _________(entertain).
【答案】(1) to (2) entertaining
( 3) My wife ______ them as honored guests.
A. entertained B. interested C. amused D. encouraged
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：我妻子把他们当作尊贵的客人招待。entertain…as…“把……当……招待”。
(4) He often listens to the music in his spare time to ______ himself.
A. entertain B. encourage C. educate D. improve
【答案】答案 A解析：entertain sb. / oneself“使某人 / 自己高兴（愉快）”。
5. equal n. 同等的人a. 相同的；同样的；平等的；能胜任的 v. 与……相等；等于
(1) They are equal _______ ability. = They are _______ equal ability.
( 2) He is a player _________ equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。
【答案】(1) in ; of (2) without
(3) I don’t think he is equal ______ this kind of work, so I can’t hire him.
A. in doing B. doing C. to do D. to doing
【答案】答案D解析：be equal to doing…“胜任……”，为固定短语，其中to为介词。
(4) The winning in the 100-meter butterfly gives the American swimmer Michael Phelps the seventh gold medal in Beijing, _____ the record set by American legend Mark Spitz at the 1972 Munich Games.
A. equaling B. equaled C. to equal D. being equaled
【答案】答案 A解析：现在分词短语作结果状语。
6. equip v. 配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力
(1) We want our son to have an education that will equip him _______ later life.我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。
【答案】for
( 2) Your education will ______ you to earn a good living. Work hard from now on.
A. associate B. equip C. relate D. feed
【答案】答案B解析：句意：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。从今后努力学习吧。associate“使联合（系）”；relate“适应，使相互关联”；feed“喂养”。equip“使有能力”，符合语境。
(3) The explorers were told to ______ themselves with everything they would need for their voyage.
A. communicate B. feed C. equip D. associate
【答案】答案C解析：equip … with…“用……装备……”。
7. escape v. 逃跑；逃走；被忘掉；被忽视 n. 逃跑；漏出
(1) You are lucky to escape ________________(punish).
【答案】punishment / being punished
(2) In the great fire, he was lucky to escape ________.
A. to be killing B. killing C. killed D. being killed
【答案】答案 D解析：动词escape后跟动名词，不接不定式，且句子主语和kill之间为被动关系，故
D为正确答案。
3) Mike often attempts to escape ______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined
【答案】答案 D解析：动词escape后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。Fine是及物动词，意为“罚款”，常用被动形式。
8. exchange n. 交换；交流v. 交换；掉换
(1) He gave me an apple ______________(交换) a piece of cake.
( 2) I exchanged seats _________ Bill. 我和比尔换了座位。
( 3) Where can I exchange my dollars _______ pounds?我在哪里可以用美元兑换英镑？
【答案】(1) in exchange for (2) with (3) for
( 4) He _____ his old car for a new model as soon as he won the money.
A. converted B. exchanged C. replaced D. transferred
【答案】答案 B解析：exchange…for…“把……换成……”。replace的搭配是replace…with…。
(5) The battery I bought is the wrong size, and I wonder if the ship will _____ it.
A. compare B. connect C. exchange D. convey
【答案】答案 C解析：我买的电池型号不对，我不知道商店是否会给换一下。exchange“交换”，符合题意。
9. expand v. 扩大；增加；扩展
(1) The __________(expand) of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extra workers.
【答案】expansion
(2) In order to prevent A (H1N1) flu ______ to other districts, the government has taken many
measures.
A. extending B. spreading C. expanding D. stretching
【答案】答案 B解析：expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大；extend“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长；spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病）、散布（信息）等；stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。
(3) It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and ______ knowledge.
A. extensive B. expansive C. expensive D. intensive
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：一位称职的教师必须行为端正，知识渊博。extensive “广泛的，广博的”，符合题意。
10. exist v. 存在；实有
(1) exists (exist) a good way to solve the existing (exist) problem in geography.
( 2) This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence (exist).
【答案】(1) exists ; existing
( 2) existence
(3) People do not now believe in the ______ of ghosts.
A. birth B. evidence C. existence D. occurrence
【答案】答案 C解析：birth“出生”；evidence“证据”；existence“存在”；occurrence“发生”。句意：如今人们不信有鬼存在。
(4) It is said that this old building has _____ for more than three hundred years.
A. existed B. appeared C. been built D. come into being
【答案】答案 A解析：exist“存在”，是延续性动词，其他三项中的动词都为非延续性动词，不与一段时间连用，故只有Ａ项正确。
11. explain v. 解释；说明……的原因
(1) He left the room abruptly without ____________(explain).
【答案】explanation
(2) Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
【答案】答案 A解析：explain为及物动词，中心词reason后面的定语从句省略了作宾语的关系代词which或that，故答案为Ａ。
(3) —I failed again.
—Why not explain ______ you have done your best?
A. him B. him that C. that D. to him
【答案】答案 D解析：explain后不跟双宾语，可说explain to sb. that…。
12. expose v. 暴露； 显露；使面临，使遭受
(1) As a nurse in the war she ____________(置身于) many dangers.
(2 )__________ (expose) to the sun，the flower will become dry soon.
【答案】(1)was exposed to (2) Exposed
(3) ______ the sun for too much time will do great harm to your skin.
A. Exposed to B. Being exposed to C. Exposing to D. To expose to
【答案】答案 B解析：所填入的部分在句中作主语，且具有被动意味，故A项（过去分词）不可；C、D主动形式，只有B项动名词的被动式可作主语。
( 4) It is important to ______ children to more good books.
A. explode B. explore C. expand D. expose
【答案】答案 D解析：expose表示“使处于……作用（或影响）之下”，后接介词to。题意：使儿童多读一些好书是很重要的。
(5)She smiled happily， a set of amazing white teeth to us.
A．exposing B．being exposed
C．exposed D．to expose
【答案】答案A解析 expose和其逻辑主语she之间为主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词短语作状语。
13. elect v. 选举；推选
(1) She became the first black woman ________________(elect) to the Senate.
( 2) They have only recently won an _________ (elect) under his leadership.
【答案】(1) to be elected (2) election
(3) He was elected the next day _____ Vice President.
A. for B. to C. as D. on
【答案】答案 C解析：句意：第二天他被选举为副总统。elect sb. as，“选举某人为……”。
( 4) Every nation should have a right to ______ their own government.
A. choose B. pick C. select D. elect
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：每个国家都应该有权选举出自己的政府。choose, select意为“选择”；elect“选举”。
14. ensure v. 保证；担保
(1) Our new research strategy _____ that we get the best possible results.
A. improves B. ensures C. offers D. thinks
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：我们新的研究计划保证了我们能取得最好的结果。ensure“保证，确保”，符合题意。
(2) The new measures can ensure us _______ danger.
A. for B. to C. toward D. against
【答案】答案 D解析：考查固定短语ensure sb. against / from danger“保护某人免受危险”。
15. effect n. 影响，作用；结果
( 1) The new law will come _________ effect next month.这项新法律下个月生效。
(2) The medicine was _______ no effect ________ the patient.这种药对病人无效。
【答案】(1) into (2) of ; on
(3) Usually what the teacher says will have a deep _____ on a child.
A. mark B. effect C. satisfaction D. expression
【答案】答案 B解析：have a deep effect on，“对……产生深远影响”。
(4) How close parents are to their children _____ a great effect on the character of the children.
A. have B. to have C. having D. has
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：父母对孩子的密切（程度）对孩子的性格有重大影响。How close parents are to their children是句子的主语，缺少谓语动词，故用has。
16. energy n. 力气；劲；力量；精力
(1) Her mother, now an _______ (energy) 73, was also present.
【答案】energetic
(2) Mary _____ than John.
A. has more energy B. has energier
C. has more much energy D. has many more energy
【答案】答案 A解析：句中有than，故用比较级，且energy是不可数名词，不用many修饰，故答案为A。
( 3) He has _____ energy that he can do the work of three ordinary men.
A. such much B. so much C. many more D. more much
【答案】答案 B解析：energy作“能量；精力”解，是不可数名词，不能用many修饰，且此句考查so … that…句型。
17. engage v. 雇用
(1) He is now engaged __________his second novel.他正埋头写他的第二部小说。
( 2) She got engaged ________Tom last year.她去年和汤姆订了婚。
【答案】(1) in (2) to
(3) I phoned her last night but the number was _____.
A. engaged B. employed C. enforced D. ensured
【答案】答案 A解析：engaged在句中意为“占线的，使用中的”。
(4) Her views are based on years of _______ with the problems of the inner city.
A. employment B. engagement C. supplement D. service
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：她的观点是以多年对市内中心区问题的了解为基础的。Engagement意为“（对……的） 了解；（与……的）密切关系”，符合题意。
18. examine v. 审查；调查；测验
(1) Your proposals are still __________________(在审查中).
【答案】under examination
(2) ______ closer examination it was found that the signature was not genuine.
A. In B. At C. On D. Through
【答案】答案C解析：句意：经过进一步认真检查发现签名是伪造的。on examination 意为“经过检查”。
(3) I had my eyes ______.
A. examining B. to examine C. examined D. having examined
【答案】答案C解析：have sth. done“让别人做……”。句意：我让（医生）检查了眼睛。
19. experience n. 经验；实践；经历 v. 经历；经受
(1) _____________(据我的经验看), very few people really understand the problem.
【答案】In my experience
( 2) Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____ exciting experience.
A. /; / B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the
【答案】答案 C解析：an airplane泛指“任何一架飞机”；experience作“经历；体验”讲，是可数名词，其前应加冠词。
( 3) As we know, ______ is the best teacher.
A. experiment B. experience C. effort D. skill
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：我们都知道，经验是最好的老师。experience“经验”，不可数名词。
20. envy v. 羡慕；忌妒 n. 羡慕；忌妒
( 1) He looked ____________ (羡慕地) at her latest purchase.
【答案】with envy
(2) How I _____ him the pleasure he had during the vacation!
A. envy B. admire C. appreciate D. enjoy
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：我多么忌妒他在假期间的快乐。admire“羡慕”，后接for；appreciate“欣赏”；enjoy“喜欢”；envy后跟双宾语。
(3) My colleague bought a new house, which made his neighbors _____ him.
A. envy B. admire C. respect D. pride
【答案】答案A解析：句意：我的同事买了一所新房子，这使的他的邻居非常羡慕。envy“羡慕”，符合句意。
21．end up(多指出乎意料地)最终处于，(以……)告终(in sth.)；最终(成为……)(as sth.)；最终(做……)(doing)；以……结尾(with sth.)；结果为……
(1)He ended up ________ the top leader of the company.
(2) After a luxurious life，he ended up ________ poverty.
(3)The restaurants were all full and we ended up ________(eat) hamburgers at home.
【答案】(1)as (2) in (3) eating
(4)It is possible that one day we will disability，so we shouldn’t look down upon the disabled.
A．end up with B．put up with
C．come up with D．catch up with
【答案】答案 A
解析 句意为：将来有一天，我们也可能以残疾而告终，因此我们不应看不起残疾人。end up with以……告终，符合句意。
(5)We insisted that the meaningless argument .
A．should bring to an end
B．was brought to an end
C．might come to an end
D．come to an end
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。insist表示“坚决要求”，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应为should＋动词原形，should可省略。bring to an end使……终止，为及物动词短语，与从句主语为动宾关系，因此应使用被动形式；come to an end结束，为不及物动词短语。
22．every/each time＋从句
(1) __________ I attempted to convince her，I failed completely. 每一次我试图说服她，但全然不起作用。
(2)I thought of her as a nice and honest girl _____________ I met her.第一次见到她我就认为她是个诚实的好女孩。
【答案】(1) Every time (2) the first time
(3) you tell someone about something that happened to you or something you did，you tell the “story” of what happened.
A．By the time B．Every time
C．The moment D．The first time
【答案】答案 B
解析 句意为：每当你向某人讲述发生在你身上或你所做的事的时候，你就是在讲述发生的“故事”。
(4)—Do you know Mary very well?
—Yes.We became good friends we met at a meeting.
A．by the time B．the first time
C．until D．as long as
【答案】答案 B
解析 答语句意为：是的，在一次会议上，第一次见面的时候，我们就成了好朋友。
23．every +数词+名词 每（隔）……
(1)The buses go ______________(每隔10分钟)．
(2) A：Take a pill every three hours.
B：Take a pill every ______ hour.
【答案】(1) every 10 minutes (2) third
(3)The teacher asked his students to leave a space in their exercise book .
A．every a few lines B．each a few lines
C．every few lines D．each few lines
【答案】答案 C
解析 every few lines每隔几行。
(4)The teacher asked the children to write line but Tom just wrote very carelessly lines.
A．other every；few every
B．other every；every a few
C．every other；every few
D．every other；every a few
【答案】答案 C
解析 “每隔一行”为every other line；“每隔几行”为every few lines。
24．except for除……之外(表细节上的修正)
(1)____________________ the cost，the dress doesn’t suit me either.
(2)The holidays I spent in Italy were very good ______________a few rainy days.
【答案】(1) Apart from/Besides/In addition to (2) except for
(3)Your composition is wellwritten some spelling mistakes.
A．besides B．except for
C．as well as D．in addition to
【答案】答案 B
解析 此处是指在细节上对整体加以修正说明，故用except for。
(4) such subjects，the department also taught mathematics and geography.
A．Except B．Except for
C．As well as D．In addition to
【答案】答案 D
解析 由句中关键词also可知，此处意思应为“除……之外，还”，故选D项。
25. ever since与完成时
(1)John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and_____________. 约翰答应医生他不再吸烟了，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。
(2) Ever since __________ (get) to know you，I can’t stop thinking about you.
(3) It ___________ (be) 3 years since I _________ (join) the army.
【答案】(1) he has never smoked ever since (2) getting
(3) is/has been ; joined
(4)As is reported，it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：正如报道的那样，清华大学已建校100年了。It is some time since...为固定句型。根据句意可确定正确选项为D。
(5)His sister left home in 1998，and ever since.
A．had not been heard of
B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of
D．has not heard of
【答案】答案 B
解析 此处指“自从那时起，她便杳无音信”，应用现在完成时，且hear of和主语为动宾关系，故选B项。
encounter [ɪn'kaʊntə(r)] n. 邂逅；遭遇 v. 遭遇；偶然碰到
【助记】counter可表示“相对的”，这种面对面的情景，引申出encounter相遇，偶遇。
【真句】 I encountered many hikers ... 【2018年天津】我遇到了很多徒步旅行者
eager [ˈiːɡə] adj. 热切的(放名词前)；渴望的
Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.【2014湖南阅读】由于大众
的需要，我们将为热切的初学者开启一个写作项目。
用法：be eager to do sth/for sth渴望做某事
He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door.【2013江西阅读】他如此渴望扩大农场以至于他没有注意到河水已经慢慢的流向他的大门
同义词：be desperate to do sth/for sth渴望……；long to do sth/for sth；be anxious to do sth/for sth
educate [ˈedjʊkeɪt] vt. 教育, 培养
【真句】 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water... 【2020浙江】每年的这一天，世界各国都举办活动，教育人们了解脏水问题。
【拓展】educator ['edju:keitə(r)] n. 教育家
education [edjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 教育, 培养
eagle[ˈiːɡəl] n. 鹰
ear [ɪə] n. 耳朵
early [ɜːlɪ] adj. 早期的，提前的；adv. 在早期，提前
Book early to get a table.【2016全国二阅读】提前预定可以得到一个桌位。
Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject.【2016天津】玛丽在早期的讨论是沉默的，但是最后给出了这一话题的观点。
earn [ɜːn] v. 挣；赢得；博得
College graduates earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.【2014四川阅读】
大学毕业生获得的收入是没上过大学的人的收入两倍。
When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.【2013北京完形】当我进入伯克利大学的时候我希望赢得奖学金
She devoted herself entirely to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.【2012湖北】她完全致力于她的研究并且在其领域当中博得了声誉。
短语：earn one’s living 谋生（相当于 make a living）
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.【2015安徽阅读】多年来，大部分爱尔兰人靠做农民谋生。
earth [ɜːθ] n. 地球；土地
辨析：on earth 究竟；
Why on earth did you do that?【2015湖北阅读】你究竟为什么那么做？
on the earth在地球上
There are already too many people on the Earth.【2013重庆阅读】地球上有太多的人。
earthquake [ˈɜːθkweɪk] n. 地震
easy [ˈi:zi] adj. 容易的；舒服的
They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.【2015全国一阅读】他们不得不寻找舒适的椅子来匹配这些桌子
It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood.【2013重庆完形】很容易忽视身体在影响情绪方面所扮演的角色
easy的名词形式：ease
easy的动词形式：ease
ease [iːz] n. 容易 v. 缓解
Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis.【2013上海阅读】以下是缓解当前食品危机的3个措施
We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.【2012浙江】我们生活在一个可以比以往任何时候都容易获得更多信息的时代里。
同义词：relieve v. 缓解
east [iːst] adj. 东 adv. 在东方 n. 东，东方
eastern [ˈiːstən] adj. 东方的；东部的
eastwards [ˈiːstwədz] adv. 向东
Easter [ˈiːstə] n. 复活节
eat [iːt] v. 吃
短语：eat out 外出吃饭
My mom suggests that we should eat out for a change this weekend.【2013陕西】妈妈建议我们周末出去吃饭
eat up 吃光
More often than not, the escaped fish is then eaten up.【2014湖南阅读】那些逃脱的鱼经常都被吃光了。
ecology [ɪˈkɔlədʒɪ] n. 生态；生态学
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.【2015陕西阅读】很明显，咖啡的种植方式影响生活的许多方面，从当地的环境到全球的生态。
economy, economic, economist, economics的辨析
economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 经济
Television gave another push to the local economy.【2015湖北阅读】电视也推动了当地的经济。
economy的形容词形式为：economic
economic [ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk] adj. 经济的
The values of artistic works are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.【2015重庆阅读】 艺术作品的价值观仅仅反应了当地的社会和经济条件。
economics [ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪks] n. 经济学
There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about the economy.【2014山东阅读】很多学生都不是经济学专业，他们想学一些经济学的东西。
economist [ɪˈkɒnəmɪst] n. 经济学家
edge [edʒ] n. 边缘；优势
I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball.【2014浙江阅读】我坐在街边，羡慕地看着街上的其他的孩子玩棒球。
We feel we’re at the cutting edge.【2015浙江阅读】我们觉得我们有优势
edit [ˈedɪt]v. 编辑，剪辑
The dictionary was edited by an American volunteer.【2012山东阅读】该字典是由一个美国志愿者编辑的。
edit的名词形式：edition, editor
edition [ɪˈdɪʃən] n. 编辑，版本
The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.【2015山东阅读】新版本计划于5月面世。
editor [ˈedɪtə] n. 编辑
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.【2015北京阅读】他渴望和一个能把他的好主意变成一个伟大主意的编辑谈话。
educate [ˈedjʊkeɪt] v. 教育
Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.【2013湖北阅读】电脑彻底改变了我们的生活而且它们能够教育并且传授知识。
My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives.【2013辽宁阅读】
我和我的妻子决定去教育人们怎样在生活中变得环保。
educate的名词形式：education 教育；educator 教育者
educate的形容词形式：educated educational
educated [ˈedʒukeɪtɪd] adj. 受过教育的
Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. 受过教育的人是理性的，并且回去查看事实。[任务型读写]2015安徽
educational [ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl] adj. 教育的
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant.【2016天津写作】我是一个34岁的已婚男人，住着一个漂亮的房子并且作为教育顾问有着一个非常成功的职业。
effect [ɪˈfekt] n. 影响；效果
用法：have an a(n) adj influence/effect/impact on 对……有影响
Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.【2014安徽阅读】雨林对世界环境有很大影响因为他们可以吸收太阳的热量并且调节气候。
短语：take effect 生效
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.【2014山东阅读】
很少有法律如此有效以至于你可以看到他们在实施几天之后就生效了。
put/bring sth into effect 实施
Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to create an ideal observation condition
【2013天津阅读】照明规定在Flagstaff, Arizona被实施以创造一个理想的观测条件。
side effect 副作用
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.【2015浙江】尽管大约2000多人服用了该药但是还不清楚其副作用是什么。
注意：affect虽然也有“影响”的意思，但是它是动词而effect是名词
effect的形容词形式：effective
effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj. 有效的
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.【2014山东阅读】
很少有法律如此有效以至于你可以看到他们在实施几天之后就生效了。
efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj. 高效的
This would mean a more efficient use of time.【2013上海阅读】这意味着时间可以得到高效利用。
efficient的名词形式：efficiency
efficiency [ɪˈfɪʃnsi] n. 效率
Factories have improved efficiency.【2014江西阅读】工厂改善了效率。
effort [ˈefət] n.力气，精力；努力
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits?【2015江西阅读】为什么人类要探索太空？为什么要将金钱、时间、精力花费在探索和研究一些没有明显好处的东西上。
短语：make an effort /make every effort to do 努力做某事；
Adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing
so.【2012上海阅读】青少年同龄人群体通常努力逃离成年人的监督并且通常会成功。
spare no effort(s) to do 不遗余力
Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
【2013福建阅读】父母为他们的小孩安排了一切并且不遗余力地为他们的成功开辟道路。
egg [eɡ] n. 蛋，卵
eggplant [ˈeɡplɑːnt] n. 茄子
elder[ˈeldə] adj 年纪较大的（只放在名词前）；n 长者，长辈
I attended match after match and performances of my elder son’s band.【2014四川完形】我参加了大儿子一场又一场的比赛和表演。
He filled his leather container with water so that he could bring some back to an elder who had been his teacher.【2015广东语法填空】他将皮质的容器装满水这样他就可以将水带回给一位长者，这位长者曾经是他的老师。
elect [ɪˈlekt] v. 选举
They each gave a speech telling us what they would do when they were elected.【2012北京写作】他们都做了演讲，告诉我们当他们被选举的时候会做什么。
elect的名词形式：election 选举
electricity [ɪlekˈtrɪsɪtɪ] n. 电
It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【2016浙江】
及时支付你的电费账单是很重要的，因为晚点支付会影响你的信用。
辨析：electrical, electric, electronic
electrical [ɪˈlektrɪkəl] 电的，与电有关的
In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out.【2016北京阅读】在20世纪80年代电线和铅中毒几乎使它们灭绝。
electric[ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 用电的；带电的；电动的
An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush.【2014山东阅读】电动牙刷感觉到你刷了多长时间和多好。
Windmills allowed them to have electric lights and radio.【2015安徽阅读】风车可以让人们使用电灯和广播。
electronic [ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk] adj. 电子的
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.【2015江苏阅读】电子设备包含有诸如金银这样的贵重金属。
elegant [ˈelɪɡənt] adj. 优雅的，精美的
Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.【2016全国三语法填空】
真正精美的筷子可能是由带有汉子的金银组成的。
elephant [ˈelɪfənt] n. 大象
else [els] adj 别的，其他的（做后置定语）
Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame. 【2014浙江阅读】Joe非常的傲慢和固执，从来不承认他错了并且总是怪罪其他人。
短语：or else 否则
Run or else you'll be late.【高考真句】快跑, 不然你要迟到了。
elsewhere [ˌelsˈweə] adv. 其它的地方
You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.【2015北京阅读】同时你可以在其它地方提交文章
e-mail n. 电子邮件
embarrass [ɪmˈbærəs] v. 使尴尬
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me.【2015广东阅读】当我还是青少年的时候，我妈妈那蹩脚的英语使我很尴尬。
embarrass的名词形式：embarrassment
embarrass的形容词形式：embarrassed; embarrassing
embarrassment [ɪmˈbærəsmənt] n. 尴尬
Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.【2013江苏阅读】团队领袖必须克服与犯错有关的尴尬的自然欲望。
embarrassed [ɪmˈbærəst] adj. 尴尬的
I felt such a sense of relief that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school.【2015浙江完形】我感到很宽慰因为当我回学校的时候我不必再感到尴尬了。
embarrassing [ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ] adj. 令人尴尬的
I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year.【2012北京阅读】我笑了笑，立刻回想到年初那令人尴尬的时刻。
embassy [ˈembəsɪ] n. 大使馆
拓展：ambassador n. 男大使；ambassadress n. 女大使
emergency [ɪˈmɜːdʒənsɪ] n. 紧急情况
Emergency line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need 【2012湖北】紧急电话接线员必须保持冷静并且确保他们得到所有需要的信息。
emperor [ˈempərə] n. 皇帝
empire [ˈempaɪə] n. 帝国
employ [ɪmˈplɔɪ]vv. 雇佣；使用，运用
Merchants were employed to promote products.【2015全国一阅读】商人被雇佣来促销产品。
They are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity.【2013湖南简答】他们不被允许使用带电的工具。employ的名词形式：employee；employer；employment
employ的形容词形式：unemployed
employee [ɪmˈplɔɪi:] n. 雇员
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 【2015天津】该公司的老板努力创造一个雇员会喜欢他们自己工作的舒适氛围。
employer [ɪmˈplɔɪə] n. 雇主
Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.【2012陕西阅读】大多数雇主非常在乎他们员工的外貌，因为在顾客面前这些员工代表着公司。
employment [ɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n. 雇用；就业
The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it.【2015北京】由于当地政府努力增加就业率，大城市的就业率持续增加。
unemployed [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd] adj. 失业的
They are less likely to have been unemployed.【2016天津阅读】他们更不可能被解雇。
empty [ˈemptɪ] adj. 空的 v. 倒空
I emptied my purse change into the hands of a homeless man.【2015上海填词】我把包里的零钱倒在一个无家可归人的手上。
empty的名词形式：emptiness 空；空虚
encourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] 激励，鼓励；激发，助长
Teens may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior.【2014江苏阅读】青少年也许觉得被迫使用毒品或假如助长罪犯行为的团体。
Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions（预防措施）.【2013湖北阅读】看到暗淡的未来也许会激发人们对自己进行积极的评价并且采取改善的预防措施。
用法：encourage sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，鼓励某人做某事
We have to encourage young people to be more active.【2012安徽阅读】我们不得不鼓励年轻人变得更加积极。
encourage的名词形式：encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]鼓励
end [end] v. 结束，停止 n. 结束；末尾；端
It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.【2012全国一】总统做什么去结束罢工还不清楚。
Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship.【2014安徽阅读】其它痛苦的时刻也被提及，如关系的结束。
From her end of the conversation，I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill.【2014重庆阅读】从故事的末尾我们可以立刻判断出她的妈妈病情很严重。
After some time, I stopped at the other end of the town.【2012湖北完形】一段时间之后我再镇上的另一端停了下来。
end的形容词：endless adj. 无止境的；无数的
短语：
end in 以……告终
Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure.【2014湖北阅读】再次引入的做法不到24小时就以失败告终。
end up (尤指在经历一系列意料之外的事情后)最终处于
Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life.【2013全国二阅读】把这些信息放在一起你最后就可以拯救你妈妈的生命了。
You help organize sports activities and other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.【2014广东阅读】你可以帮助组织体育活动和其他户外活动，最后还可以取得一个导师资格证书，
in the end 最后
Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up.【2014北京阅读】当你不放弃的时候，好事肯定会发生的。
at the end of 在……最后
At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion.【2015天津阅】读在故事的最后，我的又想到了再次团聚的最后场景。
by the end of 到……的末端
By the end of winter, you will be able to put on your own boots.【2014江苏阅读】到冬天结束的时候，你能够穿上你自己的靴子。
on end 连续地
I’ve been working for two weeks on end.【2015江苏】我连续上了两周班。
make ends meet 收支相抵
We got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet.【2015天津阅读】我们起早贪黑的工作只能收支相抵。
come to an end 结束
Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.【2015江苏任务型阅读】在数码时代自由有可能结束。
put sth to an end 使……结束
I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.【2012广东阅读】我希望该研究将终结严格按照时间需要喂养孩子的做法。
ending [ˈendɪŋ] n. 结局，结尾
The happy ending of the story attracted him.【2015天津阅读】故事的快乐结局吸引了他
enemy [ˈenɪmɪ]n. 敌人
So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape. []2014山东 攻击时如此突然以至于敌人没时间逃跑。
energy [ˈenədʒɪ] n. 精力；能源；能量
Many of us invest valuable time, energy and money planning our vacations.【2014湖南阅读】我们当中的许多人投入了宝贵的时间、精力和钱来规划我们的假期。
The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe.【2013全国一】反对核能的主要论点为核能是不安全的。我们当中的许多人投入了宝贵的时间、精力和金钱在我们的假期规划当中。
Although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! 【2014重庆阅读】尽管胖的人比瘦的人消耗更多的能量，但是他们并没有意识到他们吃了多么多。
energy的形容词形式：energetic
energetic [enəˈdʒetɪk] adj.精力充沛的
Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic and ready to start a new day?【2015湖南】
你是不是每天早上起来感到精力充沛并且准备好开始新的一天。
engineering [ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] n. 工程
engine [ˈendʒɪn] n. 发动机
engineer [endʒɪˈnɪə] n. 工程师；
enjoy [ɪnˈdʒɔɪ] v. 享受；享有，拥有
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 【2015天津】该公司的老板努力创造一个雇员会喜欢他们自己工作的舒适氛围。
Its products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands.【2013湖南阅读】它的产品享有世界顶级品牌的名声。
短语：enjoy oneself 玩的开心
The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine.【2015北京】公园充满了在阳光下玩得开心的人
enjoy的名词形式：enjoyment快乐，乐趣；enjoy的形容词形式：enjoyable [ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl] 令人快乐的
I got no enjoyment out of jogging.【2013浙江阅读】在慢跑中我并没有得到什么乐趣。
Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.【2013上海阅读】听音乐对他们而言远非让他们快乐。
enlarge [ɪnˈlɑːdʒ]v. 扩大
He hoped to enlarge the forest on the farm.【2013四川阅读】他希望扩大农田中林地的面积。
enough [ɪˈnʌf] n. 足够 adj. 足够的/充分的 adv. 足够地/充分地
In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs.【2015安徽阅读】
在20世纪50年代，许多穷人没有足够的钱搬往郊区。
Up until now, I had been old enough to dress myself, but today I would need some help.【2014陕西阅读】
到目前为止我已经足够大去自己穿衣服，但是今天我需要一些帮助。
Research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns.【2014北京阅读】在这一领域的研究不足以得出普遍的模式。
ensure [ɪn'ʃʊə] v. 确保（等于make sure）
Every few years, the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.【2015上海】每隔几年煤炭工人都会给他们的肺做X光以确保它们健康。
enquiry [ɪnˈkwaɪərɪ] n. 询问
enter [ˈentə] vt进入；输入
Knock at the door before you enter my room, please.【2012北京】进入房间之前请先敲门
Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past?【2013广东阅读】她输入学生号的速度和以前一样吗？
enter的名词形式：entry [ˈentrɪ] 进入（的动作），进入（权）；entrance [ˈentrəns] 入口，进入（权）
They are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required.【2013湖南阅读】
参与者可以自由进入，不需要资格认证。
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school; I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked.【2014北京作文】我们学校停自行车的地方有一个问题；我注意到入口太小了并且几乎被堵住了。
We shouldn't take it for granted that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination.【2014浙江阅读】我们不能理所当然地认为在入学考试之前还有很多时间。
enterprise [ˈentəpraɪz] n. 公司
含有“公司”之意的词：company; firm; corporation; business
entertain [entəˈteɪn] v. 使快乐，娱乐；招待，款待
Your favorite Channel 3 television actors and singers will entertain you.【2013江西阅读】你最爱的3频道的歌手和演员将逗你开心
You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. 【2015天津阅读】当一些家庭成员觉得你侵犯他们隐私的时候你无权在家款待朋友。
entertain的名词形式：entertainment [entəˈteɪnmənt] 娱乐活动，娱乐节目；招待，款待
entertainer表演者；
entertain的形容词形式：entertaining有趣的
enthusiastic [ɪnθjuːzɪˈæstɪk] adj. 热情的，热心的
If they win the final tonight, the team is going to tour around the city to be cheered by their enthusiastic supporters.【2015浙江】如果他们今晚赢得了决赛，队伍将会环游被热情的支持者所欢呼的城市。
用法：be enthusiastic about (doing) sth
She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.【高考真句】她甚至对前往西班牙都不怎么感兴趣。
enthusiastic的名词形式：enthusiasm 热情
Her enthusiasm never cooled down.【2013湖南阅读】她的热情从来没有退却。
entire [ɪnˈtaɪə] adj. 全部的，整个的
All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for the entire family!【2015福建阅读】在9月12日之前所有预定的全部家庭都可以得到免费旅游保险。
entire的副词：entirely 完全地，彻底地
Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.【2015天津】被成英语之后，这个句子有完全不同的语序。
拓展：含有“完全地”之意的词altogether; totally; completely; purely; thoroughly; wholly
envelope [ˈenvələʊp] n. 信封
environment [ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt] n.环境
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.【2014福建阅读】正是文化而非语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。
We are confident that the environment will be improved by our further efforts to reduce pollution.【2013辽宁阅读】我们却信通过进一步的减少污染的努力环境将会被改善。
environment的形容词形式： environmental 环境的
Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. 【2015安徽阅读】 我们不仅要考虑工程本身的成本而且还要考虑环境的成本。
envy [ˈenvɪ] n. v. 羡慕，嫉妒
She was the envy of the whole community.【2016江苏阅读】整个社区都羡慕她。
He envied Richard’s marriage.【2014上海阅读】他嫉妒理查德的婚姻。
envy的形容词形式：envious [ˈenviəs] adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的，
Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously.【2012江西阅读】马克和他的兄弟杰森羡慕地看着闪闪发光的新电脑。
envious同义词: jealous [ˈdʒeləs] adj. 嫉妒的；羡慕的
He’s just jealous!【2013江西阅读】他就是嫉妒我。
短语：be jealous of 对……嫉妒
Chimps are jealous of the winners.【2014上海阅读】黑猩猩嫉妒赢家。
jealous的名词形式jealousy [ˈdʒeləsi] n. 嫉妒；羡慕
equal [ˈiːkwəl] adj平等的；（大小、数量、价值）相同的； vt与某人或某事物相等或相同
He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others.【2015江西阅读】
他认为人生而平等，尽管一些人潜力比其他人大。
Celebrity clothing lines are started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands.【2013湖南阅读】名人衣服产品由一流明星创办，他们的产品与国际品牌的产品享有同等的声誉。
We chase happiness and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.【2013天津阅读】我们追逐幸福并将幸福等同于成功和财富，却没有意识到那些拥有成功与财富的人未必更幸福。
短语：have no equal出类拔萃
Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.【2012陕西阅读】在演奏流行歌曲方面阿姆斯特朗出类拔萃。
equal的名词形式：equality [iːˈkwɔlətɪ] n. 平等
But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.【2013广东阅读】但是家庭方面的专家警告这种新的平等可能导致孩子对父母不够尊重。
equip [ɪˈkwɪp] vt.装备，配备；使有知识或技能，使能够胜任
To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best — not the one that is the most competitive or has the best- equipped rooms.【2014四川阅读】对我们而言你将做的最重要的决定就是选择一个最适合你的学校，而不是最有竞争力的或装备最好的学校。
Equip the unemployed with different skills.【2013福建阅读】使失业人员有不同的技能。
It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.【2014全国二】人们经常说人类自然能够说话
equip的名词形式：equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] n. 设备，装备
Children get free equipment for their online education.【2015辽宁阅读】儿童可以得到网络教育的免费装备。
eraser [ɪˈreɪzə] n. 橡皮擦
error [ˈerə] n. 错误 同义词：mistake n. 错误
erupt [ɪˈrʌpt] v. 爆发，迸发
The crowd erupted into laughter.【2015福建完形】人群爆发出笑声。
erupt的名词形式：eruption [ɪ'rʌpʃn] 爆发
a volcanic eruption 【2014辽宁阅读】火山爆发
escape [ɪˈskeɪp] v. 逃走；逃避
Only with the greatest of luck did he manage to escape from the rising flood waters.【2012上海】
只有拥有非常好的运气她才能成功逃脱越来越大的洪水。
A wicked person cannot escape punishment.【2014福建阅读】坏人不可能逃避惩罚。
短语：escape one’s attention 逃过某人的注意，被某人忽视
Although he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.【2012广东完形】
尽管他认为坐在后面可以逃避注意力但是他错了
name/title/date etc escapes sb. 某人记不起名字、标题、日期等
Her name escapes me.【高考真句】我想不起她的名字了
especially [ɪˈspeʃəlɪ] adv. 尤其，特别
The text is especially helpful for those who care about their body shape.【2015全国二阅读】这篇文章对于那些在乎身体体形的来说尤其有帮助。
同义词：particularly adv. 尤其，特别
essay [ˈeseɪ] n. 文章，散文
He went to the library after breakfast and has been writing his essay there ever since.【2015福建】
早饭后他去了图书馆，从那之后他一直在写文章
同义词：article n. 文章
evaluate [ɪˈvæljʊeɪt] v. 评价，评估
Data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators.【2013江苏任务型读写】
其他调查者对数据进行了分析并且对结果进行了评价和分享。
evaluate的名词形式：evaluation [ɪˌvæljʊ'eɪʃn] n. 评价，评估
同义词：asses v. 评价，评估；judge v. 判断，评价
even [ˈiːvən] adv. 甚至 adj. 平的，均匀的
Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years!【2015广东完形】一些科学家甚至说我们可以活长达130岁。
At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew（千斤顶）the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.【2015湖南阅读】根据Pullman的信号，每个人同时以同样的力量转动千斤顶，因此这个大楼可以缓慢平稳地上升。
even so 即使这样
Even so, we decided to talk with the owner directly.【2015天津完形】即使这样，我们决定直接和主人谈话。
even if/though 即使，即便
Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual. 【2015湖北】尽管会议大厅在他的公寓附近，但是如果想准时他还得快点。
evening [ˈiːvnɪŋ] n. 傍晚，晚上（睡觉前） 注意：night n. 晚上（睡觉后）
event [ ɪ'vent] n. 事件；比赛项目；活动
Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?【2015全国二阅读】下面中的哪一个是在Cambridge Arts Cinema举办的著名事件。
Sports are also an event that unites people.【2015天津阅读】体育也是能够团结人们的活动。
What event will you take part in if you love to dance?【2014北京】如果你喜欢跳舞你将参加哪个比赛项目?
短语：in the event of 如果发生……
Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies.【2013江西阅读】通过给予物质的方式提供直接帮助在短期来看是有用的，但是如果发生紧急情况还得继续提供帮助。
eventually [ɪˈventjʊəlɪ] adv. 最后，最终
Eventually, I decided to follow her and what happened truly amazed me.【2016上海语法与词汇】最后我决定听从她的建议，发生的事情真的让我很惊讶。
同义词：finally adv. 最后，最终
ever [ˈevə] adv. 曾经
every [ˈevrɪ] adj. 每一，每个的
everybody pron. 每人，人人
everyday [ˈevrɪbɔdɪ] adj.每天的
everyone [ˈevrɪwʌn] pron. 每人
everything [ˈevrɪθɪŋ] pron. 每件事，所有事
everywhere [ˈevrɪweə] adv每个地方
evidence [ˈevɪdəns] n. 证据
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits.【2014陕西阅读】尽管有这些差异，但是证据表明最近的生活方式的变化也许影响法国人的饮食习惯。
evident [ˈevɪdənt] adj. 明显的
It became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! 【2012北京阅读】很明显有两个名字形同却长得完全一样的两个人。
evolution [iːvəˈluːʃn] n. 进化
He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.【2013江苏阅读】他怀疑是其他动物的进化引起了这个变化。
易混词：revolution [ˌrevəˈlu:ʃn] n. 革命
The TV revolution is changing lives for the better.【2015福建阅读】电视革命正在改变人们的生活往好的方向发展。
exact [ɪɡˈzækt] adj 确切的，精确的
Although the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.【2014湖南】尽管警方认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是因为他们没有确切的证据所以不能逮捕他。
More than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess.【2012广东阅读】尽管精确的数字很难被评估，但是已经有5亿多病情是由该疾病引起的。
短语：the exact opposite of sb/sth （与某人或某物）正好相反
The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.【2015上海】你试图通过语言传递的信息也许与别人实际上理解的正好相反。
to be exact 确切的说
To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions.【2016江苏任务型读写】确切的说，其他人可以提升我们的智力并且帮助我们去了解并且调整我们的情感。
exactly [ɪgˈzæktli] adv. 确切地，精确地；恰好，正好（用于强调）；
I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it happened.【2014山东】
那时我不在城里面，所以我不知道它确切是如何发生的。
4Everything about the house was exactly how Jack remembered it, except for the box. He figured someone from the Belser family had taken it.【2013江苏阅读】屋里所有东西的摆设恰好和杰克记忆里的一样，除了那个盒子。
examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt检查
Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity.【2012上海阅读】Reed Larson和他的同事检查了青少年的日常活动发现他们花更多的时间和朋友聊天相比参加其它活动。
Since I was not busy I would examine his wound.【2015全国一完形】因为我不忙所以我会检查他的伤口。
examine的名词形式：examination [ɪgˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn] 检查；考试（等于 exam）
Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.【2013湖南阅读】如果班上有几千个学生有限的反馈和检查会成为一个主要的任务。
We shouldn't take it for granted that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination.【2014浙江阅读】我们不能理所当然地认为在入学考试之前还有很多时间。
exam [ɪgˈzæm] n. 检查；考试
Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam be at the age of six months old.【2013浙江阅读】
眼科医生建议孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在6个月大的时候。
We are scheduled to attend the exam on June 7th and 8th. 【2014四川写作】按计划我们将于6月7号和8号考试。
example [ɪɡˈzɑːmpl] n 榜样；例子
用法: set an example for/to为……树立榜样；
There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for them.【2015天津阅读】 肯定有段时间我想退出，但是我知道我应该为他们树立一个榜样。
for example例如（等于for instance）
For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment.【2015上海阅读】例如，儿童可能改变足球和篮球的规则以适应他们的需求和环境。
take sth for example/instance举……为例
Take the rain forests for example.【2012重庆阅读】以热带雨林为例。
excellent [ˈeksələnt] adj. 优秀的，极好的
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine.【2015重庆阅读】回到营地你可以踢掉鞋子并且享受极好的食物和酒。
辨析：except; except for; except that; besides; in addition to; aside from; apart from
except [ɪkˈsept] 除了……（除去同类）
You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes.【2014重庆阅读】除了一双好的鞋子外你不需要任何其它特殊装备。（equipment与shoe同类）
except for 除了……（除去不同类）
Your composition is quite good except for a few mistakes.【高考真句】除了一些错误外你的作文挺好的。（composition与mistakes不同类）
besides 除了……（还）
Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet.【2015四川阅读】March除了是一个知识渊博的研究者之外他还是一个诗人。
in addition to除了……（还）（与besides同意）
In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.【2014浙江阅读】我们阅读除了获取知识外，我们还为了乐趣和灵感。
aside from/apart from 除了（既有except for的意思，也有besides的意思）
exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] n. 交换，调换；v. 交换
Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom.【2015北京阅读】因为我想学生彻底学习这些材料并且在课堂上彼此交换想法。
exchange A for B用A交换B
If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer.【2012北京阅读】如果该课程不能让你完全满意你可以调换其它我们提供的课程。
in exchange for 交换
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for fertilizer.【2015四川阅读】每周他都会清理Old Man McColgin的养鸡场以交换肥料。
excite [ɪkˈsaɪt] v. 使兴奋；引起，激起
To keep your brain young and plastic you can do a new activity that challenge and excite you.【2012四川阅读】为了使大脑保持年轻和可塑性，你可以参加一个具有挑战性的和让你兴奋的活动。
Art museums offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest.【2012全国一阅读】艺术课程提供多种多样的活动以激发孩子们的兴趣。
excite的形容词形式：excited 兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的
I realized, at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never owned anything in her whole life.【2014北京完形】在那时我看着她兴奋的笑脸，我意识到也许在她的生命中她从来都没有拥有这样的奖吧
A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience.【2014天津阅读】去剧院的年青人发现这是一个令人兴奋的经历。
含有“激起，引起”之意的单词：inspire, arouse
excuse [ɪkˈskju:s] n. 理由；接口
I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.【2014全国二阅读】我知道很多女性都不吃早饭，并且对此有许多理由。
I can’t tolerate any more excuse.【2015广东阅读】我不能再忍受更多的借口了。
短语：excuse oneself 礼貌地告辞
We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.【2014江西阅读】我们未必需要礼貌地告辞或者使他人扫兴。
exhibition [eksɪˈbɪʃən] n. 展览，展览会
The exhibition tells us that we should do something to stop air pollution.【2015四川阅读】这个展览告知我们需要做一些事情去阻止空气污染。
exhibition的动词形式：exhibit [ɪgˈzɪbɪt] v. 展览，展示
exist [ɪg'zɪst] vi 存在
Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons.【2012陕西】着装标准存在于商业世界是有许多原因的。
exist的名词形式：existence[ɪɡˈzɪstəns] 存在；
The experiment has ruled out the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.【2015江苏】这项实验排除了其他地球上有生命存在的可能性，但那并不意味着其它星球上没有生命。
exist的形容词形式：existing [ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ]现存的，正在使用的
Only if people of all the countries are united can we solve the existing problems in the world.【2015湖北完成句子】只有全国的人民团结在一起我们才能解决世界现存的问题。
exit [ˈeksɪt] n. 出口 exit的反义词：entrance n. 入口
expand [ɪkˈspænd] v. 扩大
The middle class is expanding.【2015广东阅读】中产阶级正在扩大。
expand的名词形式：expansion [ɪkˈspænʃn] 扩大
Clothes are now 70 percent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East.【2015湖北阅读】由于远东生产的扩大现在的衣服比20世纪60年代的衣服便宜60%。
易混词：extend 延长；延伸；扩展
extend [ɪkˈstend] v. 拖延，延长；延伸；提供，表示
The college years are becoming an extended period of adolescence.【2016北京阅读】大学正在变成青少年时期的延伸。
The inspector waved his arms to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother.【2015湖南阅读】检查者挥舞他们的手臂向Glenn的妈妈表示问候。
South Australia began extending daylight saving by two weeks for the Adelaide Festival.【2012全国一阅读】对于Adelaide Festival，南澳大利亚开始延长两周的白天时间。
extend的名词形式：extension [ɪkˈstenʃən] 拖延，延长；延伸；提供，表示
expect [ɪkˈspekt] vt期盼；预计；要求
Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.【2012湖北阅读】你的孩子似乎预料到最坏的事情会发生并且缺乏处理任何挑战的能力。
If you’re not willing to put in the time and work, don’t expect to receive any rewards.【2013广东阅读】如果你不能投入时间和精力你就不要期盼收到任何回报。
Be reasonable! You can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.【2012山东】
讲点道理！你不能要求我在这么短的时间内做完所有的工作。
expect的名词形式：expectation [ekspekˈteɪʃən] 期待；预计
However, that expectation changed when Sam showed signs of autism (自闭症) at the age of two. [完形]2015重庆 然而那种期盼改变了，当萨姆在两岁时得了自闭症。
expense [ɪkˈspens] n. 费用，花费
The university estimates that living expenses for international students are around $8,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.【2013湖南】大学估计国际学生的生活费大约8450美元一年，这对于一些人而言是一个负担。
at the expense of sb/sth以损害某人或某物为代价
The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.【2015天津阅读】如果学生与他人分享密码Office of Residence Life会在任何时候损害居民的利益为代价改变门锁密码。
at sb’s expense由某人付费。
If the printer should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.【2014天津】如果打印机万一在一年内坏了，我们会付费维修。
expense的形容词形式：expensive [ɪkˈspensɪv] adj. 昂贵的
experience [ɪkˈspɪərɪəns] n. 经历(cn) 经验(un) v. 经历,体验
The experience turned out to be very dull. 【2015北京阅读】那个经历结果是非常无聊的。
If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for.【2015全国一阅读】如果你24或25岁并且有教学和培训经验，你就是哪个我们要找的人。
Many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.【2015安徽阅读】 世界上的许多农业行业经历着持续的水短缺。
experience的形容词形式：experienced
experienced [ɪkˈspɪəriənst] adj. 有经验的
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.【2015浙江阅读】很容易想到年轻成员没有有经验的成员贡献的多。
短语：be experienced in sth/doing = have experience in sth/ doing 在……方面有经验
If you are aged 24-45 and experienced in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. 【2015全国一阅读】如果你24或25岁并且有教学和培训经验，你就是哪个我们要找的人。
experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] n.v. 实验
The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature.【2015辽宁阅读】
实验表明我们的生物钟受到光和温度的影响。
She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.【2015福建阅读】一方面她对被用来做实验的动物感到同情，另一方面她要顾及与Banting 和Best的友谊，因此她感到很痛苦。
expert [ˈekspɜːt] n. 专家 adj. 专家的；内行的
Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday.【2015安徽阅读】被认为是这一方面专家的Herman Friedman将在下周五于Grayson Hall演讲。
You will be expected to provide expert knowledge about all areas of ALRL’S Health and Safety.【2015四川阅读】你将被要求提供关于ALRL’S Health and Safety所有领域的专业知识。
短语：be an expert on/in/at 擅长……
Cathy Pareto is an expert in money planning.【2006四川阅读】Cathy Pareto是资金规划方面的专家。
explain [ɪksˈpleɪn] v 解释
用法：explain (sth) (to sb)向某人解释某事
How can I explain to my parents that I need some free time?【2013浙江阅读】我怎么能向我的父母解释我需要一些自由的时间？
Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way.【2014浙江阅读】通常大众科学用简单有趣的方式解释自然地基本原则。
explain的名词形式：explanation [ekspləˈneɪʃən] 解释
explicit [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt] adj. 清楚的，直截了当的
They learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.【2015广东阅读】他们了解到他们所看到的东西的直截了当的意思以及隐藏的意思。
exploit [ɪkˈsplɔɪt] vt 利用；开发；剥削
Exploit your parking space.【2015四川阅读】利用你的停车空间
Forests are exploited for farmland.【2013江西阅读】森林被开发用作农田。
Looking for missing and exploited children.【2013辽宁阅读】寻找失踪和被剥削的儿童。
exploit的名词形式：exploitation [ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn] n. 利用；开发；剥削
explore [ɪkˈsplɔː] v. 探索；玩；探讨；
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way.【2013江苏任务型读写】当有研究要做的时候，我们可以将话题分为几个部分这样就可以详细探讨这一问题。
This adventure provides unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta.【2015重庆阅读】这次历险给了我一次在三角洲玩的机会。
Why should mankind explore space?【2015江西阅读】人类为什么要探索太空呢？
explore的名词形式：exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn]探索，探讨 explorer [ɪkˈsplɔːrə] n. 探险者，勘探者
explode [ɪkˈspləʊd] v. 爆炸；快速增长
Many buildings exploded.【2012上海】许多建筑发生了爆炸。
The world’s urban population explodes.【2014湖北阅读】世界城市人口迅速增长。
explode的名词形式：explosion [ɪkˈspləʊʒn] 爆炸；快速增长
export [ɪkˈspɔːt] n. v.出口
What percentage of the world's tea exports go to Britain?【2016全国一】世界上出口到英国的茶占比多少？
export的反义词：import n. v. 进口
expose [ɪkˈspəʊz] 暴露；使暴露；揭露；接触，体验；
Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture. 【2014广西阅读】因为我是中国人，丈夫和我想孩子们接触中国的语言和文化。
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.【2013上海阅读】如果年轻人每天都暴露于吵闹的音乐中他们也许会冒有失聪的风险。
Most of the soil in Eastern Canada was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago.【2014江苏阅读】加拿大东部的土壤由风化的岩石形成，当冰块于12000年前消失的时候风化的岩石暴露出来。
During the experiment, blood flow in the brains of the participants was measured in order to expose the relationship between seeing and touching.【2006上海春】在实验期间，测量参与者的脑部血液流动是为了揭露视觉和触觉的关系。
expose的名词形式：exposure [ɪkˈspəʊʒə] 暴露；揭露；接触
They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer.【2013天津阅读】他们担心睡觉时暴露于灯光会增加人们得癌症的风险。
express [ɪkˈspres] v表达；表示
In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close.【2012四川阅读】
对话中他没有表示出高兴，并且他的生命似乎即将结束。
Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.【2012北京阅读】
Jerry并不后悔给出这样的评论但是觉得他本可以用一种不同的方式来表达。
express的名词形式：expression
expression [ɪkˈspreʃn] n. 表达，表示；表情；短语
In American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.【2012全国二阅读】在美国文化中，微笑总体是在表达高兴。
The underlined expression “cutting edge” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to advanced technique. 【2013广东阅读】第三段的下划线短语“cutting edge”意思与先进的技术相近。
He was wearing a serious expression.【2012陕西写作】他脸上挂着严肃的表情。
extra [ˈekstrə] adj. 额外的
Unless extra money is founded, the theatre will close.【2014全国一】除非额外的钱被找到，否则剧院将关门。
extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔːdɪnərɪ] adj. 非凡的，出色的；异乎寻常的
When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary.【2013天津阅读】当被问及关于幸福的时候，我们通常会想到一些非凡的事情。
What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.【2013北京】使这本书异乎寻常的是作者那创造性的想象力。
extreme [ɪkˈstriːm] adj. 极度的；极端的； n. 极端
What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.【2015湖南完成句子】令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
Imagine the extreme embarrassment I suffered, standing before my classmates, making fool of myself. 【2014湖北完形】相像一下我遭受的尴尬，站在同学面前愚弄我自己。
During his journey around the world, Phil White experienced the extremes of heat and cold.【2015上海阅读】在环游世界期间，Phil White经历了酷暑和严寒。
eye [aɪ] n. 眼睛
eyesight [ˈaɪsaɪt] n. 视力；视觉
eyewitness [ˈaɪwɪtnɪs] n. 目击证人
高考核心词汇与练习---E（含答案）
1. eager a. 热切的；渴望的
(1) Some patients are __________________(太急于) tell you exactly how they feel.
【答案】only / just / but / all too eager to
(2) The manager is _____ that the project should be started as early as possible.
A. eager B. worried C. anxious D. longed
【答案】答案A解析：句意：经理急于尽早地开始这项计划。be eager that…“急于……”。其他选项在搭配或意义上不合适。
(3) He listened to the story with _____ attention.
A. eager B. eagerly C. eagerness D. more eagerly
【答案】答案 A解析：句中需要一形容词修饰名词attention，故答案为Ａ。
2. ease v. 减轻；缓解 n. 容易；轻易
(1) He passed the exam _________ ease.
( 2) Peter felt ill ________ease with strangers.
【答案】(1) with (2) at
( 3) Old people desire a life of _____, which does not fit young people of my age.
A. easy B. easily C. ease D. more easily
【答案】答案 C解析：of是介词，后跟名词，a life of ease“安逸的生活”。
(4) It would _____ my mind to know that she was settled.
A. rob B. keep C. use D. ease
【答案】答案D解析：句意：知道她已安顿下来会使我放心些。ease one’s mind = make sb. less worried“使某人放心”。
3. employ v. 雇用
(1) He has been employed _______ writing a new book these days.这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。
【答案】(1) in
(2) There is a problem even for people in ______.
A. employment B. job C. employ D. profession
【答案】答案A解析：in employment“有工作”，多指为得酬劳而受人雇佣的工作。题意为：甚至对于有工作的人来说，这也是一个问题。profession特指需要一定学问或特殊训练的脑力劳动者的职业。
(3) The factory is the largest single ______ in the area.
A. employ B. employment C. employer D. employee
【答案】答案C解析：句意：这家工厂是该地区最大的一位雇主。employer“雇主”；employee“雇员”。根据句意即可知正确答案。
4. entertain v. 招待；款待；使有兴趣；使快乐
(1) I entertained my friends ________ dinner yesterday evening.昨晚我招待朋友吃晚饭。
(2) I found the talk both informative and _________(entertain).
【答案】(1) to (2) entertaining
( 3) My wife ______ them as honored guests.
A. entertained B. interested C. amused D. encouraged
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：我妻子把他们当作尊贵的客人招待。entertain…as…“把……当……招待”。
(4) He often listens to the music in his spare time to ______ himself.
A. entertain B. encourage C. educate D. improve
【答案】答案 A解析：entertain sb. / oneself“使某人 / 自己高兴（愉快）”。
5. equal n. 同等的人a. 相同的；同样的；平等的；能胜任的 v. 与……相等；等于
(1) They are equal _______ ability. = They are _______ equal ability.
( 2) He is a player _________ equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。
【答案】(1) in ; of (2) without
(3) I don’t think he is equal ______ this kind of work, so I can’t hire him.
A. in doing B. doing C. to do D. to doing
【答案】答案D解析：be equal to doing…“胜任……”，为固定短语，其中to为介词。
(4) The winning in the 100-meter butterfly gives the American swimmer Michael Phelps the seventh gold medal in Beijing, _____ the record set by American legend Mark Spitz at the 1972 Munich Games.
A. equaling B. equaled C. to equal D. being equaled
【答案】答案 A解析：现在分词短语作结果状语。
6. equip v. 配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力
(1) We want our son to have an education that will equip him _______ later life.我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。
【答案】for
( 2) Your education will ______ you to earn a good living. Work hard from now on.
A. associate B. equip C. relate D. feed
【答案】答案B解析：句意：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。从今后努力学习吧。associate“使联合（系）”；relate“适应，使相互关联”；feed“喂养”。equip“使有能力”，符合语境。
(3) The explorers were told to ______ themselves with everything they would need for their voyage.
A. communicate B. feed C. equip D. associate
【答案】答案C解析：equip … with…“用……装备……”。
7. escape v. 逃跑；逃走；被忘掉；被忽视 n. 逃跑；漏出
(1) You are lucky to escape ________________(punish).
【答案】punishment / being punished
(2) In the great fire, he was lucky to escape ________.
A. to be killing B. killing C. killed D. being killed
【答案】答案 D解析：动词escape后跟动名词，不接不定式，且句子主语和kill之间为被动关系，故
D为正确答案。
3) Mike often attempts to escape ______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined
【答案】答案 D解析：动词escape后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。Fine是及物动词，意为“罚款”，常用被动形式。
8. exchange n. 交换；交流v. 交换；掉换
(1) He gave me an apple ______________(交换) a piece of cake.
( 2) I exchanged seats _________ Bill. 我和比尔换了座位。
( 3) Where can I exchange my dollars _______ pounds?我在哪里可以用美元兑换英镑？
【答案】(1) in exchange for (2) with (3) for
( 4) He _____ his old car for a new model as soon as he won the money.
A. converted B. exchanged C. replaced D. transferred
【答案】答案 B解析：exchange…for…“把……换成……”。replace的搭配是replace…with…。
(5) The battery I bought is the wrong size, and I wonder if the ship will _____ it.
A. compare B. connect C. exchange D. convey
【答案】答案 C解析：我买的电池型号不对，我不知道商店是否会给换一下。exchange“交换”，符合题意。
9. expand v. 扩大；增加；扩展
(1) The __________(expand) of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extra workers.
【答案】expansion
(2) In order to prevent A (H1N1) flu ______ to other districts, the government has taken many
measures.
A. extending B. spreading C. expanding D. stretching
【答案】答案 B解析：expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大；extend“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长；spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病）、散布（信息）等；stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。
(3) It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and ______ knowledge.
A. extensive B. expansive C. expensive D. intensive
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：一位称职的教师必须行为端正，知识渊博。extensive “广泛的，广博的”，符合题意。
10. exist v. 存在；实有
(1) exists (exist) a good way to solve the existing (exist) problem in geography.
( 2) This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence (exist).
【答案】(1) exists ; existing
( 2) existence
(3) People do not now believe in the ______ of ghosts.
A. birth B. evidence C. existence D. occurrence
【答案】答案 C解析：birth“出生”；evidence“证据”；existence“存在”；occurrence“发生”。句意：如今人们不信有鬼存在。
(4) It is said that this old building has _____ for more than three hundred years.
A. existed B. appeared C. been built D. come into being
【答案】答案 A解析：exist“存在”，是延续性动词，其他三项中的动词都为非延续性动词，不与一段时间连用，故只有Ａ项正确。
11. explain v. 解释；说明……的原因
(1) He left the room abruptly without ____________(explain).
【答案】explanation
(2) Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
【答案】答案 A解析：explain为及物动词，中心词reason后面的定语从句省略了作宾语的关系代词which或that，故答案为Ａ。
(3) —I failed again.
—Why not explain ______ you have done your best?
A. him B. him that C. that D. to him
【答案】答案 D解析：explain后不跟双宾语，可说explain to sb. that…。
12. expose v. 暴露； 显露；使面临，使遭受
(1) As a nurse in the war she ____________(置身于) many dangers.
(2 )__________ (expose) to the sun，the flower will become dry soon.
【答案】(1)was exposed to (2) Exposed
(3) ______ the sun for too much time will do great harm to your skin.
A. Exposed to B. Being exposed to C. Exposing to D. To expose to
【答案】答案 B解析：所填入的部分在句中作主语，且具有被动意味，故A项（过去分词）不可；C、D主动形式，只有B项动名词的被动式可作主语。
( 4) It is important to ______ children to more good books.
A. explode B. explore C. expand D. expose
【答案】答案 D解析：expose表示“使处于……作用（或影响）之下”，后接介词to。题意：使儿童多读一些好书是很重要的。
(5)She smiled happily， a set of amazing white teeth to us.
A．exposing B．being exposed
C．exposed D．to expose
【答案】答案A解析 expose和其逻辑主语she之间为主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词短语作状语。
13. elect v. 选举；推选
(1) She became the first black woman ________________(elect) to the Senate.
( 2) They have only recently won an _________ (elect) under his leadership.
【答案】(1) to be elected (2) election
(3) He was elected the next day _____ Vice President.
A. for B. to C. as D. on
【答案】答案 C解析：句意：第二天他被选举为副总统。elect sb. as，“选举某人为……”。
( 4) Every nation should have a right to ______ their own government.
A. choose B. pick C. select D. elect
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：每个国家都应该有权选举出自己的政府。choose, select意为“选择”；elect“选举”。
14. ensure v. 保证；担保
(1) Our new research strategy _____ that we get the best possible results.
A. improves B. ensures C. offers D. thinks
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：我们新的研究计划保证了我们能取得最好的结果。ensure“保证，确保”，符合题意。
(2) The new measures can ensure us _______ danger.
A. for B. to C. toward D. against
【答案】答案 D解析：考查固定短语ensure sb. against / from danger“保护某人免受危险”。
15. effect n. 影响，作用；结果
( 1) The new law will come _________ effect next month.这项新法律下个月生效。
(2) The medicine was _______ no effect ________ the patient.这种药对病人无效。
【答案】(1) into (2) of ; on
(3) Usually what the teacher says will have a deep _____ on a child.
A. mark B. effect C. satisfaction D. expression
【答案】答案 B解析：have a deep effect on，“对……产生深远影响”。
(4) How close parents are to their children _____ a great effect on the character of the children.
A. have B. to have C. having D. has
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：父母对孩子的密切（程度）对孩子的性格有重大影响。How close parents are to their children是句子的主语，缺少谓语动词，故用has。
16. energy n. 力气；劲；力量；精力
(1) Her mother, now an _______ (energy) 73, was also present.
【答案】energetic
(2) Mary _____ than John.
A. has more energy B. has energier
C. has more much energy D. has many more energy
【答案】答案 A解析：句中有than，故用比较级，且energy是不可数名词，不用many修饰，故答案为A。
( 3) He has _____ energy that he can do the work of three ordinary men.
A. such much B. so much C. many more D. more much
【答案】答案 B解析：energy作“能量；精力”解，是不可数名词，不能用many修饰，且此句考查so … that…句型。
17. engage v. 雇用
(1) He is now engaged __________his second novel.他正埋头写他的第二部小说。
( 2) She got engaged ________Tom last year.她去年和汤姆订了婚。
【答案】(1) in (2) to
(3) I phoned her last night but the number was _____.
A. engaged B. employed C. enforced D. ensured
【答案】答案 A解析：engaged在句中意为“占线的，使用中的”。
(4) Her views are based on years of _______ with the problems of the inner city.
A. employment B. engagement C. supplement D. service
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：她的观点是以多年对市内中心区问题的了解为基础的。Engagement意为“（对……的） 了解；（与……的）密切关系”，符合题意。
18. examine v. 审查；调查；测验
(1) Your proposals are still __________________(在审查中).
【答案】under examination
(2) ______ closer examination it was found that the signature was not genuine.
A. In B. At C. On D. Through
【答案】答案C解析：句意：经过进一步认真检查发现签名是伪造的。on examination 意为“经过检查”。
(3) I had my eyes ______.
A. examining B. to examine C. examined D. having examined
【答案】答案C解析：have sth. done“让别人做……”。句意：我让（医生）检查了眼睛。
19. experience n. 经验；实践；经历 v. 经历；经受
(1) _____________(据我的经验看), very few people really understand the problem.
【答案】In my experience
( 2) Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____ exciting experience.
A. /; / B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the
【答案】答案 C解析：an airplane泛指“任何一架飞机”；experience作“经历；体验”讲，是可数名词，其前应加冠词。
( 3) As we know, ______ is the best teacher.
A. experiment B. experience C. effort D. skill
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：我们都知道，经验是最好的老师。experience“经验”，不可数名词。
20. envy v. 羡慕；忌妒 n. 羡慕；忌妒
( 1) He looked ____________ (羡慕地) at her latest purchase.
【答案】with envy
(2) How I _____ him the pleasure he had during the vacation!
A. envy B. admire C. appreciate D. enjoy
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：我多么忌妒他在假期间的快乐。admire“羡慕”，后接for；appreciate“欣赏”；enjoy“喜欢”；envy后跟双宾语。
(3) My colleague bought a new house, which made his neighbors _____ him.
A. envy B. admire C. respect D. pride
【答案】答案A解析：句意：我的同事买了一所新房子，这使的他的邻居非常羡慕。envy“羡慕”，符合句意。
21．end up(多指出乎意料地)最终处于，(以……)告终(in sth.)；最终(成为……)(as sth.)；最终(做……)(doing)；以……结尾(with sth.)；结果为……
(1)He ended up ________ the top leader of the company.
(2) After a luxurious life，he ended up ________ poverty.
(3)The restaurants were all full and we ended up ________(eat) hamburgers at home.
【答案】(1)as (2) in (3) eating
(4)It is possible that one day we will disability，so we shouldn’t look down upon the disabled.
A．end up with B．put up with
C．come up with D．catch up with
【答案】答案 A
解析 句意为：将来有一天，我们也可能以残疾而告终，因此我们不应看不起残疾人。end up with以……告终，符合句意。
(5)We insisted that the meaningless argument .
A．should bring to an end
B．was brought to an end
C．might come to an end
D．come to an end
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。insist表示“坚决要求”，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应为should＋动词原形，should可省略。bring to an end使……终止，为及物动词短语，与从句主语为动宾关系，因此应使用被动形式；come to an end结束，为不及物动词短语。
22．every/each time＋从句
(1) __________ I attempted to convince her，I failed completely. 每一次我试图说服她，但全然不起作用。
(2)I thought of her as a nice and honest girl _____________ I met her.第一次见到她我就认为她是个诚实的好女孩。
【答案】(1) Every time (2) the first time
(3) you tell someone about something that happened to you or something you did，you tell the “story” of what happened.
A．By the time B．Every time
C．The moment D．The first time
【答案】答案 B
解析 句意为：每当你向某人讲述发生在你身上或你所做的事的时候，你就是在讲述发生的“故事”。
(4)—Do you know Mary very well?
—Yes.We became good friends we met at a meeting.
A．by the time B．the first time
C．until D．as long as
【答案】答案 B
解析 答语句意为：是的，在一次会议上，第一次见面的时候，我们就成了好朋友。
23．every +数词+名词 每（隔）……
(1)The buses go ______________(每隔10分钟)．
(2) A：Take a pill every three hours.
B：Take a pill every ______ hour.
【答案】(1) every 10 minutes (2) third
(3)The teacher asked his students to leave a space in their exercise book .
A．every a few lines B．each a few lines
C．every few lines D．each few lines
【答案】答案 C
解析 every few lines每隔几行。
(4)The teacher asked the children to write line but Tom just wrote very carelessly lines.
A．other every；few every
B．other every；every a few
C．every other；every few
D．every other；every a few
【答案】答案 C
解析 “每隔一行”为every other line；“每隔几行”为every few lines。
24．except for除……之外(表细节上的修正)
(1)____________________ the cost，the dress doesn’t suit me either.
(2)The holidays I spent in Italy were very good ______________a few rainy days.
【答案】(1) Apart from/Besides/In addition to (2) except for
(3)Your composition is wellwritten some spelling mistakes.
A．besides B．except for
C．as well as D．in addition to
【答案】答案 B
解析 此处是指在细节上对整体加以修正说明，故用except for。
(4) such subjects，the department also taught mathematics and geography.
A．Except B．Except for
C．As well as D．In addition to
【答案】答案 D
解析 由句中关键词also可知，此处意思应为“除……之外，还”，故选D项。
25. ever since与完成时
(1)John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and_____________. 约翰答应医生他不再吸烟了，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。
(2) Ever since __________ (get) to know you，I can’t stop thinking about you.
(3) It ___________ (be) 3 years since I _________ (join) the army.
【答案】(1) he has never smoked ever since (2) getting
(3) is/has been ; joined
(4)As is reported，it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：正如报道的那样，清华大学已建校100年了。It is some time since...为固定句型。根据句意可确定正确选项为D。
(5)His sister left home in 1998，and ever since.
A．had not been heard of
B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of
D．has not heard of
【答案】答案 B
解析 此处指“自从那时起，她便杳无音信”，应用现在完成时，且hear of和主语为动宾关系，故选B项。
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