外研版必修3Module 3 The Violence of Nature单元测试同步训练题

这是一份外研版必修3Module 3 The Violence of Nature单元测试同步训练题，共21页。

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lynda La Plante is the writer f Prime Suspect and the best-selling authr f mre than 40 bks. Her new nvel Hidden Killers is ut nw. She is talking abut three bks that deeply affected her.
Wuthering Heights
By Emily Brnte
One night as a child, I walked quietly int the bathrm when I heard a vice calling, “Let me in; let me in!” alng with a terrible knck n a windw cming frm my grandma’s rm. Quite afraid, I cried, “Help me! Where’s the ghst?” Grandma lked up and said, “Dn’t be silly; I’m listening t a stry n the radi called Wuthering Heights.” I jined my grandma and realized then hw yu culd take a stry frm a bk and change it t a different medium (媒介).
The Water-Babies
By Charles Kingsley
This classic Victrian stry caught my imaginatin as a child. It made me cnsider the unfairness f life — why is ne child sleeping in cmfrt and anther frced t climb thrugh a chimney (烟囱)? I especially lved all the questins Tm asks n his adventures (冒险), many f which are abut scial unfairness. All my life I’ve asked questins t.
The Faerie Queene
By Edmund Spenser
I used t have prblems reading — I was tld I had “wrd blindness”. My mther gave me a cpy f Spenser’s pem and said, “If yu can learn sme f this then yu’ll be able t read anything.” I rse t the challenge. I learned it ff by heart and was s prud f myself fr keeping smething that difficult in mind. Then I learned that I culd learn wrds just as well as anyne.
21. Hw did Lynda first knw abut the stry f Wuthering Heights?
A. By reading a bk brrwed frm her grandma.
B. By listening t her grandma’s stry.
C. By listening t it n the radi.
D. By reading a ghst stry.
22. Which bk made Lynda frm the habit f asking questins?
A. Hidden Killers.
B. Wuthering Heights.
C. The Water-Babies.
D. The Faerie Queene.
23. What change did Lynda shw after reading The Faerie Queene?
A. She fund pleasure in writing pems.
B. She began t believe in herself.
C. She fell in lve with pems.
D. She became wrd-smart.

B
My name is Deirdre Veneracin and I am a paraglider pilt. I’ve been paragliding since I was 11.
My dad and I arrive at ur lcal fly site n a June mrning. We meet ur instructr and spend the first 20 minutes watching the wind cycles. I g thrugh my pre-flight steps and turn n my radi. At last, I take a step and feel the grund under me fall away. I feel the pressure f my weight n the canpy (伞衣).
After 15 minutes f playing with the wind, my father radis me frm the place where he is abut t take ff. “Hw is the wind?” “Perfect!” I say. Dad takes ff behind me.
I have dne almst 100 flights and yet every flight amazes me just as much r even mre than my first. I lve the unpredictability f each flight. Every flight is different. After 15 minutes, I decide t land.
Nw, I’m ver a rice field. It is a much smaller landing than mst landing znes (地带) but it’s pssible. Out f nwhere, I feel my canpy becme unstable (不稳定的). It lses pressure and falls directly in frnt f me. I am falling. I have butterflies in my stmach. I pull my brake (制动器) line, in the hpe that my wing will get pressure again but it desn’t. I lk twards my dad and see that he is als in truble. It’s as if we were inside a washing machine being thrwn up and dwn. I wn’t make it t the landing zne in frnt f me. T my right is a narrw (狭窄的) stream with hardly any water in it. I make my decisin: the narrw stream is my best chance f landing safely.
As I tuch dwn, I check n my dad and am glad t hear that he is fine. Lcal villagers cme t check n me but, surprisingly, I am uninjured.
This is ne f thse times when we are reminded that n preparatin can prevent Mther Nature frm surprising us.
24. What des the authr d befre taking ff?
A. She has a talk with her father.
B. She watches the weather.
C. She turns ff the radi.
D. She gives instructins.
25. What des the attractin f paragliding lie in the authr’s eyes?
A. The pleasant wind.
B. The success f each flight.
C. The excitement f landing.
D. The uncertainty f each flight.
26. What kind f feeling des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 prbably shw?
A. Nervusness.
B. Happiness.
C. Anger.
D. Luck.
27. What happens in the prcess f the authr’s landing?
A. She hurts herself.
B. She asks her dad fr help.
C. She sees a washing machine belw.
D. She changes her mind abut the landing site.

C
Japan is starting t experiment with self-driving buses in rural (乡村的) cmmunities, such as the twn f Nishikata, where the elderly are living a hard life because f fewer bus and taxi services as the ppulatin ages and becmes smaller.
The advance f the self-driving technlgy is making cities such as Paris and Singapre experiment with such services, which culd prve imprtant in Japan, where ppulatins are nt nly graying, but becming smaller, in rural areas.
Japan culd start the self-driving services fr cmmunities that are far frm cities by 2020, if the experiments begun this mnth prve successful.
The gvernment plans t turn highway rest stps int centers frm which t drive the elderly t medical and banking services.
“Smaller twns in Japan are graying even faster than cities, and there are just nt enugh wrkers t drive buses and taxis,” said Hirshi Nakajima f mbile gaming sftware maker DeNA C.
In the initial (最初的) experiments, the elderly f Nishikata were sent frm a service area t sme rganizatins prviding healthcare services.
“I wrry abut nt being able t g ut when I’m n lnger able t drive,” said ne test rider, Shizu Yuzawa, adding that she wuld be pen t using such services.
The test als checked the vehicle’s safety in rad cnditins, and if thse crssing its path wuld react t the warning it gives.
The ride, at a speed f abut 10 kilmeters per hur, felt cmfrtable and safe, said test taker Miek Shimazaki, 71, but her 72-year-ld husband, Susumu, said, “Self-driving cars culd be useful in the future, but I’d like t see them g faster, at least at 40 kilmeters per hur.”
28. Why are driverless buses appearing in Nishikata?
A. Nbdy there can drive a bus.
B. Its ppulatin is aging and falling.
C. Peple there welcme new things.
D. Peple there can hardly affrd cars.
29. What des the gvernment plan t d?
A. Prvide healthcare services.
B. Train mre bus and taxi drivers.
C. Prduce mre and mre driverless cars.
D. Set up centers fr picking up passengers.
30. What was Shizu Yuzawa’s attitude tward the self-driving services?
A. She was in favr f them.
B. She was dubtful abut them.
C. She was uncertain abut them.
D. She was strngly against them.
31. Which f the fllwing abut self-driving buses did Susumu think culd imprve?
A. Their space.
B. Their safety.
C. Their speed.
D. Their price.

D
The skies are raining big blcks f ice, and experts are trying t learn what’s ging n.
Fr the secnd time in six days, Califrnia was attacked (袭击) by ice balls. The latest happened n early Thursday. A large blck f ice drpped int Lma Linda, Califrnia. The ice crashed thrugh the metal rf f a fitness center, leaving a hle up t 2½ feet wide. N ne was hurt.
Tw tennis players were playing utside the Draysn Center n Thursday mrning. Suddenly they heard a strange sund, said Crawfrd, an fficial f the Lma Linda Fire Department.
A similar event happened last Saturday in Oakland, Califrnia. Early in the mrning an ice ball drpped int a field at Bushrd Park and made a hle up t 2 feet wide. Luckily, n ne in the park was injured.
One thery (理论) is the ice was drpped frm planes. But there’s little direct supprt fr that. A few experts have suggested there may be ther causes f similar ice falls, perhaps even glbal (全球的) warming.
Stries abut drpping ice g back fr centuries. They didn’t begin t receive serius scientific attentin until a few years ag, hwever, when Spain was attacked by a dzen large ice balls in 2000.
Scientist Jesus Martinez-Frias in Madrid and his team have cllected reprts f frty cases arund the wrld since 1999 f puzzling falling ice. He thinks the ice frms in the air by a prcess similar t the frmatin f hail (冰雹) inside strms but withut a strm.
Martinez-Frias believes glbal warming is causing the trpsphere (对流层) t rise. This means the rf f the trpsphere is frced t a greater height, where it cls mre than nrmal. Thus, the temperature difference between warm and cld air in the trpsphere prduces strng up-and-dwn winds that repeat the hail-frmatin prcess, withut a strm.
32. What tk place n Thursday mrning?
A. A fitness center caught fire.
B. A big ice ball fell in Lma Linda.
C. There was heavy rain in Lma Linda.
D. Tw tennis players were hit by an ice ball.
33. What is the similarity between the tw events in Califrnia?
A. N ne was injured.
B. N building was destryed.
C. Bth were seen by Crawfrd.
D. Bth caused a large number f hles.
34. What d we learn abut drpping ice?
A. It is very cmmn arund the wrld.
B. It ften happens in Spain in recent years.
C. It has been carefully studied since 2000.
D. It is mst likely t be prduced by planes.
35. What is the cause f ice falls accrding t Martinez-Frias?
A. Strng winds abve the trpsphere.
B. The frmatin f hail.
C. Glbal warming.
D. Big strms.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Linda Spelman was a lawyer wh fund a new jb in a circus. She nw wrks as a trapeze (高空秋千) artist, travelling with the circus arund the wrld. Here is an interview with her.
Hw did yu get the jb? My father’s a lawyer, s I thught I’d becme ne, t. Studying law was really hard wrk. 36 When I finally passed my exams, I thught, “I need a break. I want t travel and learn a language.” S I jined a circus. I went t Canada and did a trapeze curse and, amazingly, I was gd at it.
37 The excitement and the travel. I always wanted t travel and learn languages and I’ve dne all f that. Als, I get n really well with circus peple. I’ve learned s much abut life frm them.
Have yu made any sacrifices (牺牲) t d this jb? N, I haven’t, nt really. 38 I d miss my family smetimes, but that’s all.
What wuld yu like t d next? I’m 34 nw. 39 There are Russian trapeze artists still ging strng in their fifties.
What advice wuld yu give t smene wh wanted t d yur jb? 40 But generally, I’d say t anyne with a dream, “G fr it! Yu nly live nce, s why stay in a bring jb?”
A. What’s yur daily life like?
B. What d yu like mst abut it?
C. We ften d the act in the evening.
D. I’d like t carry n ding this until I’m at least 50.
E. S I tk up gymnastics in the evenings t help me relax.
F. Yu need t be fit and strng and have a gd head fr heights.
G. I gave up ding smething that I hated and I’m ding smething that I lve.

第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Brian sat utside his huse. He really wanted a new 41 . Je had just gtten ne fr his birthday, and Tyler’s was 42 abut a year ld. Brian had had his fr five years. The seat was up as high as it wuld g, yet his legs were still t 43 fr his bike. Brian wanted a bike like Je and Tyler had 44 their bikes were fast and strng. If nly he had $110. But all he culd cme up with was $33.67. Where culd he get the rest f the 45 he needed?
Brian did a lt f 46 . His birthday was 47 five mnths away. What culd he d t get the mney? Maybe his 48 wuld advance (预付) him sme mney fr the next few mnths. He gt three dllars every Friday if he did all his chres. His dad had 49 t d this nce befre, when Brian needed an extra (额外的) six dllars. Maybe his sister wuld 50 him the mney. She had a lt f mney saved up frm babysitting.
While he was thinking, the phne rang. Mrs. Timmns’ 51 had gtten ut again. She asked Brian if he culd 52 Fifi fr her. Brian said he wuld be 53 t help her. She was getting s ld and culdn’t 54 Fifi anymre. Brian fund Fifi behind a tree.
After catching the dg, he 55 her t Mrs. Timmns. She was s 56 that she handed Brian tw dllars. Brian thanked Mrs. Timmns, but tld her she didn’t have t 57 him. Then Brian had a(n) 58 . He wuld set up a pet service. He culd 59 peple’s pets when they were away. In his neighbrhd there were at least 12 dgs he culd take care f, a few cats, and even sme fish. Brian wuld realize his 60 in n time!
41. A. pet B. jb C. bike D. gift
42. A. even B. almst C. als D. nly
43. A. shrt B. lng C. weak D. strng
44. A. if B. s C. because D. yet
45. A. care B. trust C. mney D. supprt
46. A. thinking B. shpping C. wrk D. exercise
47. A. just B. still C. ever D. already
48. A. mm B. dad C. sister D. neighbr
49. A. practiced B. decided C. frgtten D. agreed
50. A. lend B. save C. shw D. send
51. A. cat B. fish C. dg D. kid
52. A. carry B. feed C. raise D. find
53. A. busy B. lucky C. satisfied D. happy
54. A. cheer fr B. run after C. depend n D. wrk n
55. A. sld B. returned C. intrduced D. advertised
56. A. surprised B. srry C. hpeful D. thankful
57. A. pay B. call C. chse D. avid
58. A. questin B. prblem C. idea D. duty
59. A. lk at B. lk fr C. lk up D. lk after
60. A. mistake B. dream C. situatin D. imprtance
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An earthquake can ften cause damage. D yu knw 61. ________ t prepare fr such 62. ________ event? Yur level f preparatin can directly affect yur chance f survival.
If yu are utdrs, find an pen area free f trees and tall buildings. If yu are driving when an earthquake hits, stp yur car as 63. ________ (quick) as pssible and stay in yur car until the earthquake stps. Avid 64. ________ (drive) n streets r bridges that may nt be safe after an earthquake.
If yu are indrs when the shaking starts, remember t cver yur head with a pillw (枕头) if yu are in bed. A gd way 65. ________ ( prtect ) yurself frm pssible falling 66. ________ (bject) is t hide under smething, such as a heavy table r desk.
If yu live in a place where earthquakes ccur, make sure yu have methds t tell yur family members and friends yur 67. ________ (lcate). This will stp 68. ________ (they) wrrying abut yu. Make sure yu have all necessary items (物品) 69. ________ (prepare), such as water, fd, medicine, a flashlight and s n. 70. ________ is als imprtant t decide a meeting place fr yur family t g t after the earthquake.

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was yung, my family mved arund a lt, but I went t lts f different schls and meet peple frm different places and backgrunds. I think f that experience gave me a lt f peple skills. I’m a gd listener, and I’m gd at help peple get n with each ther. It prves t being, f curse, really usefully at wrk. Fr the last tw years, I’ve been running a scial club with sme f my friend. It’s a club fr elderly peple, paying fr by the gvernment. Of curse, I use my peple skills there. I think being a gd cmmunicatr is imprtant part f management, maybe the mre imprtant f all.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，为帮助同学们提高地震逃生技能，你校决定邀请某大学的王教授举办一场有关地震自救知识的讲座。请你代表学生会以短文形式用英语写一则书面通知。内容主要包括：
时间：下周三上午8:00-11:00
地点：学校礼堂
要求：全体学生按时参加；认真听讲，记好笔记；讲座后进行讨论。
注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
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Student Cuncil

选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Nearly 100 girls frm 12 different cuntries went tgether t Muntain View, Califrnia, n August 10, 2017. They were finalists in Technvatin, the wrld’s largest entrepreneurship (创业) cmpetitin fr girls ages 10-18. Nearly 1,100 teams frm mre than 100 cuntries tk part in it.
The teams built mbile apps (应用程序) t slve prblems in their cmmunity. Over the curse f five mnths, the girls went thrugh 100 hurs f training and created an app and a business plan with the help f a teacher.
Girls frm acrss the U.S. and as far away as Cambdia, Kazakhstan, India, and Kenya created apps t help change the lives in their cmmunity. Their apps help disadvantaged wmen and encurage peple t reuse bjects, t name a few examples.
At the awards (奖项) ceremny, Ggle CEO Sundar Pichai welcmed “creatrs and future entrepreneurs”, telling the yung finalists that there wuld be a place fr them in the tech industry and that they wuld have a great future ahead f them.
After a family friend had the illness f dementia (痴呆), Katrina frm Hng Kng, China, rganized a team t build a Dementia Care Cmpanin app. “We realized that dementia is a serius prblem wrldwide,” Katrina said. The team created a type f mahjng, a Chinese game, using phts and vices f lved nes t help patients remember their family. The girls wn first prize in the Junir Divisin, which included $10,000 in prize mney.
QamCare, an app created by a team frm Kazakhstan, is a gd helper when peple are walking alne at night. One f the girls explained hw she was fllwed while walking hme. In Kazakhstan, nine peple, mstly yung girls, g missing every day. QamCare wn the first prize f $15,000 in the Senir Divisin.
Technvatin funder Tara Chklvski encuraged the finalists t help ther girls develp their tech skills. “Technvatin has given yu wings,” Chklvski said. “Nw it is yur turn t give wings t thers.”
1. What d we knw abut Technvatin?
A. It is a mbile app.
B. It is pen t girls.
C. It was started in 2017.
D. It is welcme in 12 cuntries.
2. Hw did Sundar Pichai feel seeing the finalists?
A. Lucky.
B. Shcked.
C. Hpeful.
D. Thankful.
3. Why did Katrina create a type f mahjng?
A. T make dementia patients live a clrful life.
B. T raise mney fr research n dementia.
C. T help dementia patients remember.
D. T learn mre abut dementia.
4. What makes QamCare imprtant?
A. It helps peple stay safe.
B. It helps find missing girls.
C. It ffers peple a tur guide at night.
D. It shws peple the shrtest way hme.

B
Jackie Rdriguez put n a lt f weight after her first child was brn. Then, when her daughter was tw, she drpped all the weight with practically n effrt. “I wasn’t using any fat burners r shakes ... nthing,” she says.
The change had nthing t d with what Rdriguez ate. Rather, it began when she started a new jb that shk up her daily rutine (常规). Wrking in the ffice f a DJ cmpany near her apartment, she started her wrk at 5:30 p.m. Instead f sharing dinner with her husband at nine, she ate alne at five and went t wrk.
Night wrk ften leads t weight gain (增加), s Rdriguez’s stry might seem t be a quirk. But unlike many such wrkers Rdriguez clcked ut by 11 p.m. and gt a regular night’s sleep. Perhaps even mre imprtant, she didn’t eat at wrk r when she gt hme — just shwered and went t bed.
Her main change was mving dinnertime almst fur hurs earlier. That single, simple change seems t have caused Rdriguez’s weight lss (瘦身) — and scientific research may explain why.
In labs arund the wrld, researchers are develping a cmpletely new understanding f hw ur bdies wrk. It seems that ur bdies prcess fd fastest when it’s eaten during daylight hurs. “That late-night bwl f ice cream may all g tward yur waist (腰),” says UCLA neurscientist Christpher Clwell.
Just lk at Satchidananda Panda’s mice. Panda, a bilgist, is a leading expert n hw the timing f fd eating affects health. His team has fund that mice that eat nly during their active hurs are healthier and thinner than mice that eat the same fd ver 24 hurs.
Encuragingly, when unhealthy mice are allwed t eat nly during their daytime, the cnditin f thse having sme diseases such as diabetes imprves. “It’s likely we can help treat sme diseases just by changing when peple eat,” Panda says.
5. Hw did Jackie Rdriguez lse her weight?
A. By wrking late daily.
B. By changing her dinnertime.
C. By eating a certain kind f fd.
D. By having dinner with her family.
6. The underlined wrd “quirk” in Paragraph 3 means smething _____.
A. strange
B. pssible
C. interesting
D. necessary
7. What des Christpher Clwell think f a late-night bwl f ice cream?
A. It can hardly affect ur health.
B. It will cause us t put n weight.
C. It will affect hw ur bdies wrk.
D. It can be prcessed fast by ur bdies.
8. What happens when sme mice’s daily rutines are changed?
A. They eat less.
B. They get a disease.
C. They are mre active.
D. They becme healthier.
答案
21-25 CCBBD 26-30 ADBDA
31-35 CBACC 36-40 EBGDF
41-45 CDBCC 46-50 ABBDA
51-55 CDDBB 56-60 DACDB
61. hw 62. an 63. quickly
64. driving 65. t prtect 66. bjects
67. lcatin 68. them 69. prepared
70. It
短文改错
71. ... but I went ... but → s / and
72. ... meet peple ... meet → met
73. I think f ... 去掉f
74. ... gd at help ... help → helping
75. ... prves t being ... being → be
76. ... really usefully ... usefully → useful
77. ... my friend. friend → friends
78. ... paying fr ... paying → paid
79. ... is imprtant part ... imprtant前加an
80. ... the mre imprtant ... mre → mst
书面表达
One pssible versin:
NOTICE
D yu want t knw what we shuld d t survive an earthquake? Such a lecture will be given by Prfessr Wang frm a famus university in the schl hall frm 8:00 a.m. t 11:00 a.m. next Wednesday. The lecture will mainly be abut hw t survive an earthquake, including the signs f a cming earthquake and ds and dn’ts during and after an earthquake. After the lecture, a vide abut earthquakes will be shwn. Everyne is required t be present n time. Besides, we are expected t listen and take ntes carefully. After the lecture, we’ll have a grup discussin.
Student Cuncil

部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇（文学）
本文是应用文。获奖作家Lynda La Plante和大家分享了几本对她有深刻影响的书。
21. C。细节理解题。由Wuthering Heights部分中的I’m listening t a stry n the radi called Wuthering Heights. ... a different medium可知，Lynda通过听广播第一次了解了《呼啸山庄》所讲述的故事。
22. C。细节理解题。由The Water-Babies部分中的All my life I’ve asked questins t可知答案。
23. B。细节理解题。由The Faerie Queene部分中的was s prud f myself fr keeping smething that difficult in mind. Then I learned that I culd learn wrds just as well as anyne可知，作者开始变得自信。
B篇（体育）
本文是记叙文。作者介绍了自己一次有惊无险的滑翔伞经历。
24. B。细节理解题。由第二段中的watching the wind cycles可知，作者在起跳之前先观察天气。
25. D。细节理解题。由第四段中的I lve the unpredictability f each flight. Every flight is different可知，因为每一跳都有其不可预测性和独特的一面，所以吸引作者不断归来。
26. A。推理判断题。由划线句之前提到的作者在坠落及划线句之后提到尝试使用制动器但不管用可推断，作者此时应该很紧张。
27. D。细节理解题。作者最初准备在稻田降落，最后改变了主意，选择在一条小溪上降落。
C篇（科普知识与现代技术）
本文是新闻报道。日本开始试推行无人驾驶公交车，以解决老年人出行不便的问题。
28. B。细节理解题。由第一段中的as the ppulatin ages and becmes smaller和第二段中的where ppulatins are nt nly graying, but becming smaller可知，该地方的人口老龄化现象严重，而且人口数量缩减。
29. D。细节理解题。由第四段内容The gvernment plans t turn highway rest stps int centers frm which t drive the elderly t medical and banking services可知，政府计划建立一些乘客接送点。
30. A。推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的she wuld be pen t using such services可推断，Shizu Yuzawa支持无人驾驶服务。
31. C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的but I’d like t see them g faster, at least at 40 kilmeters per hur可知，Susumu希望无人驾驶公交车可以提速。
D篇（自然）
本文是说明文。科学家正在努力破解天降冰球之谜。
32. B。细节理解题。由第二段中的A large blck f ice drpped int Lma Linda可知答案。
33. A。细节理解题。由第二段中的N ne was hurt和第四段中的n ne in the park was injured可知，这两起事件都未造成人员受伤。
34. C。细节理解题。由第六段中的They didn’t begin t receive serius scientific attentin until a few years ag ... in 2000可知，从2000年开始，科学家才开始认真研究天降冰球现象。
35. C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的Martinez-Frias believes glbal warming is causing the trpsphere t rise可知答案。
第二节
话题：个人情况
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己放弃做律师，进入马戏团之后的生活。
36. E。E项和上一句构成因果关系。且E项中的I tk up gymnastics和下文中的did a trapeze curse相呼应。
37. B。本段介绍了马戏团生活给作者带来的满足，即她对于马戏团生活最喜欢的部分。B项作小标题能够概括本段的大意。
38. G。G项是对上一句的解释，即为什么Linda不认为自己做出了牺牲。
39. D。D项中的at least 50呼应下文中的in their fifties。
40. F。F项回答了本段小标题的问题，对于想从事这一行业的人给出了建议。
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：家庭、朋友与周围的人
本文是记叙文。为筹钱买自行车，Brian打算成立社区宠物中心，帮助邻居照料宠物。
41. C。由下文中的Brian wanted a bike like Je and Tyler had可知，Brian很想有一辆“自行车（bike）”。
42. D。由下文中的a bike like Je and Tyler had ... their bikes were fast and strng可知，Je和Tyler的自行车状况好，由本句中的had just gtten ne fr his birthday ... abut a year ld和下一句中的five years的对比可知，Je的自行车是过生日时刚买的，Tyler的也“只（nly）”买了一年左右，而Brian的已经五年了。
43. B。虽然车座已经调到最高，但是对于自行车而言，Brian的腿还是太“长（lng）”。
44. C。“他们的车又快又结实”是Brian 想要类似Je和Tyler车的原因，故填because。
45. C。由上文中的$110和$33.67可知，此处指从哪里能获得他所需要的“钱（mney）”。
46. A。下文是Brian对于如何获得所需钱的“思考（thinking）”。
47. B。由下文Brian考虑通过让爸爸预付零花钱和向姐姐借钱可知，他的生日“还（still）”有5个月，所以无法通过收取生日礼物获得自行车。
48. B。下文中His dad对本空有提示。
49. D。由上文Brian考虑通过让爸爸预付零花钱的办法可推断，爸爸以前“同意（agreed）”预付的办法。
50. A。由下文中的She had a lt f mney saved up frm baby-sitting可知，姐姐可以“借（lend）”给他一些钱。
51. C。下文中的After catching the dg对本空有提示。
52. D。由下文中的Brian fund Fifi behind a tree可知，Timmns夫人让Brian帮忙“找（find）”狗。
53. D。由下文Brian帮忙找狗并打算成立宠物服务中心可推断，他很“高兴（happy）”能帮助Timmns夫人。
54. B。由上文中的gtten ut和下文中的catching可知，Timmns夫人年龄大了，“追（run after）”不动她的狗了。
55. B。由下文Timmns夫人感谢Brian可知，Brian捉到狗之后，把它“还（returned）”给了Timmns夫人。
56. D。Timmns夫人给Brian两美元表示“感谢（thankful）”。
57. A。由上文中的tw dllars可知，Timmns夫人“付（pay）”给Brian钱。
58. C。下文中的He wuld set up a pet service是Brian想到的“主意（idea）”。
59. D。由上文中的pet service和下文中的take care f可知，Brian打算成立宠物服务中心帮助邻居“照料（lk after）”宠物。
60. B。通过成立宠物服务中心帮助邻居照料宠物赚钱的方法能够使Brian很快实现自己买自行车的“梦想（dream）”。
第二节
61. hw。考查连接词。设空处所在句意为：你知道怎么（hw）为这样一个事件做准备吗？
62. an。考查不定冠词。event为可数名词且在此表泛指，故填an。“such + a(n) +可数名词单数形式”意为“这样的一个……”。
63. quickly。考查副词。“as +形容词/副词原形+ as pssible”表示“尽可能……”，又因为设空处修饰stp，故填quickly。
64. driving。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。avid ding sth.意为“避免做某事”。
65. t prtect。考查不定式作定语的用法。way后常跟不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的方法”。
66. bjects。考查名词复数。bject意为“物品”，是可数名词且表泛指，故填bjects。
67. lcatin。考查名词。由设空处前面的yur可知，此处应用名词，表示“位置”，故填lcatin。
68. them。考查代词。设空处作stp的宾语，故填them。
69. prepared。考查过去分词作补语的用法。prepare与items之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且其所表示的动作已完成，故填prepared。have sth. dne表示“让某事做成”。
70. It。考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故填It。

选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 BCCA 5-8 BABD
解析
A篇（人际关系）
本文是新闻报道。女孩们通过开发手机app帮助他人、造福社区、改变世界。
1. B。细节理解题。由第一段中的fr girls ages 10-18可知答案。
2. C。推理判断题。由第四段中的there wuld be a place fr them in the tech industry and that they wuld have a great future ahead f them可知，Sundar Pichai看到参加决赛的选手们时，内心充满希望。
3. C。细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的t help patients remember their family可知答案。
4. A。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的is a gd helper when peple are walking alne at night和In Kazakhstan, nine peple, mstly yung girls, g missing every day可推断，这款app可以帮助人们解决夜晚独自行走时的安全问题。
B篇（健康）
本文是说明文。吃饭时间对健康和体重有很大影响。
5. B。细节理解题。由第二段对Jackie Rdriguez工作和吃饭状况的描述和第四段中的Her main change was mving dinnertime almst fur hurs earlier可知，她体重减轻是因为她改变了吃饭时间。
6. A。词义猜测题。夜班工作往往造成体重增加，但是Jackie Rdriguez的体重却减轻了，说明她的事例是“奇怪的”。
7. B。细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的It seems that ur bdies prcess fd fastest when it’s eaten during daylight hurs和That late-night bwl f ice cream may all g tward yur waist可知，Christpher Clwell认为半夜吃冰激凌会增加体重。
8. D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的the cnditin f thse having sme diseases such as diabetes imprves可知答案。