高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后练习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了the　考查冠词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We're ging t have Eurpean style (橱柜)in the bedrms.
2.T ur relief, nne f the passengers and (全体工作人员) were injured after the incident.
3.Planes drpped fd, clthing, (毯子), medicine, and water int the muntainus brder regin.
4.With her head teacher's (真诚的) help, she makes up her mind t take bilgy, histry, and plitics as her selected subjects.
5.The real (工资)f the average wrker has increased by a factr(数量,倍数) f ver three in the last tw decades.
6.With the classrms air-cnditined, we n lnger hate studying during the (严寒的)winter.
7.He is famus fr having made three great (航行) arund the wrld.
8.In the swimming class, we carefully imitated the mvements taught by the teacher, and sn mastered the essentials f nt letting the bdy (下沉) in the water.
Ⅱ.选词填空
turn dwn;set ff;well and truly
1.I was ashamed when I realized what I had dne hurt her s much.
2.They are all great ffers frm large cmpanies, and I culdn't any f them.
3.If yu want t catch that train we had better fr the statin immediately.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Please take away all yur (belng) when yu leave the rm.
2.At last, the lawyer's advice led t the (reslve) f this difficult prblem.
3.As yu can see, the children were really encuraged, and they were als enthusiastic reading all f these bks.
4.I culdn't help crying when I arrived at their wedding site. I was s (envy)f their happiness.
5.As we all knw, n ne can casually succeed, and victry requires curage, diligence and (persevere).
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.碰巧那封信还没有被寄走。
the letter hadn't gt psted.
2.同学们如此激动以至于爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
were the students they brke int thunderus applause.
3.如果没有母亲的大力支持和真诚鼓励,顾炎武是不可能取得那么快的进步的。
Gu Yanwu withut the generus supprt and genuine encuragement frm his mther.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
As a yung man full f bth passin and endurance, Perce Blackbrw had lng been dreaming f a wnderful adventure, s he didn't give up when Sir Ernest Shackletn turned dwn his request t jin the expeditin. Perce 1 (secret) hid himself in a cupbard, nly 2 (find) three days after they set ff. He felt frtunate and happy when he 3 (assign) as a steward instead f being sent back hme.
It turned 4 t be a tugh jurney. The ship gt 5 (stick) in the ice as they apprached Antarctica and they had t abandn the ship. 6 the guidance f Sir Ernest, they 7 (thrw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banj, 8 kept their spirits up during the jurney. Survival was nt easy and things went frm bad t wrse. Finally Sir Ernest left fr Suth Gergia Island in rder t find help. The desperate situatin made yung Perce Blackbrw feel dwn and becme bad-tempered. It was the genuine 9 (encurage) and cncern frm Bless Frank Wild that cheered him up. Frank and Ernest's reslve and perseverance filled him with hpe. Realizing that he shuldn't becme selfish just because f 10 adversity they were faced with, he learned t be ptimistic and determined.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021安徽师范大学附属中学高二期中检测,)
The great 18th-century authr Mntesquieu nce put it, “I have never knwn any stress that an hur's reading des nt reduce.” And nw many argue fr a return t this view f literature as therapy, even using the wrd “biblitherapy(阅读疗法)” t describe it.
S what des literature prvide, beynd entertainment? It can act as a guide. Thse wh shw great respect fr Shakespeare, Miltn r Prust shuld keep in mind that even the mst famus authr was still a human being. In ther wrds, great writers have been thrugh the same things as yu. Like yu, they fund themselves in this strange wrld and they tried t make sense f it.And this is what mst literature cnsists f: peple trying t make sense f the wrld.
N matter what yur fears r cncerns may be,chances are that sme great writer has written abut them. Befre seeking(寻求)suggestins, either frm a prfessinal r a well-read friend, be clear abut what is trubling yu. Fr example, let's say yu were raised in a religius (信仰宗教的)family but nw, in later life, yu have lst yur faith (信仰).This is miserable t yu and yu feel empty and alne.Cuntless writers have gne dwn this path befre yu and have fund a way ut—the German pet and nvelist Hermann Hesse, fr example, wrte the wnderful little nvel Siddhartha abut this search fr spiritual peace.
It wuld als help t cnsider yur particular life stage. Smene frm a pr backgrund abut t set ff fr a great cllege will want a different set f reading frm a retired wman whse husband has died. T take anther example, let's imagine yu had a childhd f abuse (虐待). Fr years yu have suffered frm bitter depressin. In that case, yu culd try Edward St Aubyn's The Patrick Melrse Nvels. Aubyn's father abused him, while his mther escaped int drink, but Aubyn wrte a series f splendid nvels based n his life, charting a man's jurney thrugh the hard situatin f abuse and ut the ther end.
1.Why des the authr qute Mntesquieu?
A.T stress the effect f biblitherapy.
B.T explain what biblitherapy means.
C.T tell us when biblitherapy came int being.
D.T argue fr the use f literature as therapy.
2.What shuld yu d befre seeking suggestins n yur bk list?
A.Find ut which writer has written abut yur prblem.
B.Knw what authrs have gne thrugh.
C.Find ut hw t seek spiritual peace.
D.Knw what yur truble is.
3.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A.Aubyn's nvels suit peple wh have retired.
B.Aubyn's nvels are mainly read by yung readers.
C.Peple shuld chse nvels accrding t their interest.
D.Peple f different ages need different wrks f literature.
4.What is the text mainly abut?
A.What nvels best suit yu.
B.A frm f therapy: literature.
C.The great influence f literature.
D.The experiences f great writers.
B
(2020黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学高二上期末,)
Brn blind is miserable in any case. But things were even harder fr Srikanth Blla wh was brn in a small village in India, where the cmmn belief was that kids with disabilities were “f n use” and therefre, better ff dead. Frtunately, Srikanth's parents lved their sn and refused t give him up. Instead, they encuraged the blind by t dream big and reach fr the stars.
Srikanth did nt disappint his parents. The nw twenty-fur-year-ld man is the funder and CEO f Bllant Industries.
Of curse, getting here was nt easy. Being bth blind and pr meant that Srikanth had t face hard challenges. As a yung by, Srikanth attended a regular schl near his hme. Unfrtunately, the students and teachers didn't quite like him because f his disability. As a result, the yung by was largely ignred and ften spent the entire day alne.
Cncerned this wuld hld back Srikanth's develpment, his family decided t send him t a special schl in Hyderabad. Sure enugh, the yung by sn rse t the tp f his class, earning awards in speech and debate cmpetitins. But Srikanth was prevented frm studying science when he reached 10th grade, because it was thught t “dangerus” fr a blind student. Nt wanting t give up, Srikanth tk legal actin and became the first blind student in the cuntry allwed t study science.
Later, after graduating frm the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, Srikanth set up Bllant Industries in 2012. Fr just fur years, it has becme a pwerhuse with ver 450 emplyees,70% f whm are physically challenged.
Being disabled desn't mean being unable. “If the wrld lks at me and says, ‘Srikanth, yu can d nthing,' I will lk back at the wrld and say I can d anything,” says the yung man.
5.Why was Srikanth sent t a special schl?
A.His parents became richer than befre.
B.He culd be treated equally there.
C.This schl was free fr disabled students.
D.He was sent away by the regular schl.
6.What can we knw abut Srikanth frm the text?
A.He was brn in a pr village.
B.He cared abut disabled peple.
C.His parents were strict with him in his study.
D.He was lved by the villagers when he was yung.
7.What wrds can best describe Srikanth?
A.Intelligent and determined.
B.Active and hnest.
C.Patient and careful.
D.Kind but stubbrn.
8.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.Chances Are Everywhere
B.N Challenges, N Success
C.A Big Dream Makes a Difference
D.Disability Desn't Mean Being Unable
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广西南宁三中高二段考,)
D yu like traveling by bike? Even if yu are an expert cyclist, deciding t travel by bike n an adventure will demand thrugh preparatin and research. Here are sme tips fr yu.
Whether yu have the best muntain bike under $300 r the best muntain bike under $200, safety is mre imprtant. 1 Cnfirm yur helmet is all set. If yu are planning t ride in the night, have a light fixed n yur helmet r n yur bike. Make sure it gives ff enugh light fr ther cyclists and drivers t clearly see yu. 2 This will help yu rule ut sme f the dubts yu culd be having n safety.
If yu are planning an expeditin with yur bike, at least, be sure that yu knw hw t change the tire in case f a flat. Als, yu have t knw hw t adjust yur brakes accrdingly. Knwing hw t replace a slipped chain is just as imprtant. 3
Mst imprtantly, bring yur phne, a backup phne battery r prtable charger and an ID card with yu. If an accident happens, yu might need t cntact a friend r family fr help. 4 It's als imprtant t set aside sme mney fr an emergency that yu can easily access.
5 Yu surely dn't wish t get wrn ut, s pack healthy snacks t keep yu energetic all thrugh. Als dn't frget t carry enugh water in case yu feel thirsty. Besides, pack apprpriate clthing. It helps t check the weather frecast first t knw the kind f dress yu'll need.
A.G ver yur map carefully.
B.Take yur bike fr a lng-distance test-ride.
C.Yu need t feel as safe as pssible with yur bike.
D.Push yurself a bit further if yu regularly exercise.
E.Remember t bring apprpriate tls with yu fr such prblems.
F.Cycling demands much energy especially fr a lng distance.
G.And an identificatin card will help t identify yu just in case.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.crew 3.blankets 4.genuine 5.wage
6.bitter 7.vyages 8.sink
Ⅱ and truly 2.turn dwn 3.set ff
Ⅲ 考查名词。句意:离开房间时请带走你所有的财物。 belngings意为“财物,动产”。
2.reslutin 考查名词。句意:最后,律师的建议使这个难题得到了解决。由空前的定冠词the和空后的f可知此处应该使用名词形式,表示“(问题、分歧等的)解决,消除”,故填reslutin。
3.abut 考查固定搭配。句意:正如你所见,孩子们真的受到了鼓舞,他们对阅读所有这些书的热情也很高。be enthusiastic abut ding sth.对做某事有热情。故填abut。
4.envius 考查形容词。句意:当我到达他们的婚礼现场时,我忍不住哭了。我真羡慕他们的幸福。由设空处前的was可知此处应用形容词。故填envius。
5.perseverance 考查名词。句意:众所周知,没有人能随随便便成功,成功需要勇气、勤奋和毅力。由空前的并列名词curage和diligence可知空处应该使用名词形式。故填perseverance。
Ⅳ happened that 2.S excited;that 3.wuldn't have made that rapid prgress
Ⅴ 考查副词。此处修饰动词hid,所以要用副词形式,secretly意为“偷偷地”。
2.t be fund 考查动词不定式。此处包含短语nly t d...,意为“结果却……”,find与其逻辑主语Perce之间是被动关系,所以用被动形式。
3.was assigned 考查动词的时态和语态。此处指他被指派担任一名服务员。由语境可知此处应用一般过去时,he与assign之间为被动关系。故填was assigned。
4.ut 考查固定短语。句意:结果证明这是一次艰难的旅程。turn ut结果是,原来是。
5.stuck 考查过去分词。此处指船被冻在冰里,不能动,get/becme/be stuck 意为“被卡住,陷入”。
6.Under 考查介词。under the guidance f...在……的指导下。
7.threw 考查动词时态。故事发生在过去,且由句中的kept可知设空处应该使用一般过去时。
8.which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为banj,意为“班卓琴”,关系词在定语从句中作主语。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。故填which。
9.encuragement 考查名词。句意:是Bless Frank Wild真诚的鼓励和关心使他振奋起来的。本句是强调句,强调主语部分the genuine 9 and cncern frm Bless Frank Wild,设空处和其后的名词cncern为并列成分,所以用名词encuragement。
10.the 考查冠词。由语境可知,此处表示“他们面对的逆境”,表示特指,故用定冠词the。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种治疗方式:阅读疗法,其指的是人们可以根据自己的情况和需求通过阅读来对生活中所遭受的不幸或痛苦进行思想和心理上的治疗以减轻压力,积极面对生活。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The great 18th-century authr Mntesquieu nce put it, ‘I have never knwn any stress that an hur's reading des nt reduce.’(18世纪伟大的作家孟德斯鸠曾经说过:‘我从来都不知道有任何压力是一小时的阅读减轻不了的。’)”可知孟德斯鸠对阅读减轻压力持非常肯定和积极的态度,由此可推知作者在第一段引用孟德斯鸠的话是为了强调“阅读疗法”的效果,故选A项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Befre seeking (寻求)suggestins, either frm a prfessinal r a well-read friend, be clear abut what is trubling yu.(在向专业人士或博学的朋友寻求建议之前,先弄清楚困扰你的是什么。)”可知在寻求建议之前要先知道自己的困扰是什么,故选D项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It wuld als help t cnsider yur particular life stage.Smene frm a pr backgrund abut t set ff fr a great cllege will want a different set f reading frm a retired wman whse husband has died.(考虑一下你的特定人生阶段也会有所帮助。一个家境贫寒、即将进入一所好大学的人想要的一套阅读材料会和一位丈夫去世的退休妇女不同。)”可知,不同年龄段的人需要的文学作品也不一样。故选D项。Aubyn的小说是适合退休的人还是其主要读者是年轻人我们无从得知;最后一段没有提到人们的兴趣。所以其他三项可以排除。
4.B 主旨大意题。第一段中的“And nw many argue fr a return t this view f literature as therapy, even using the wrd ‘biblitherapy(阅读疗法)’ t describe it.(现在,许多人主张回归文学作为一种疗法的观点,甚至使用‘阅读疗法’这个词来描述它。)”点出了文章的主题“阅读疗法”。结合全文介绍阅读疗法的概念和作用以及阅读疗法应该选用的阅读材料等内容可知本文主要是在介绍一种治疗方式:文学。故选B项。注意C项“文学的巨大影响”所涉及的面太大,本文只是在说阅读对心理的治疗、对减轻压力的作用。
【高频词汇】 1.in ther wrds换句话说 2.cnsist f由……组成 3.make sense f 理解,弄懂 4.raise v.抚养;养育;培养;提升;增加 5.cuntless adj.无数的 6.set ff出发,动身,启程
7.depressin n.沮丧,忧郁 8.chart v.记录 n.图表 9.cme int being产生
长难句分析
原句 Aubyn's father abused him, while his mther escaped int drink, but Aubyn wrte a series f splendid nvels based n his life, charting a man's jurney thrugh the hard situatin f abuse and ut the ther end.
分析 本句是并列复合句,while和but连接三个并列的分句。based n his life是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰nvels,charting a man's jurney thrugh the hard situatin f abuse and ut the ther end是现在分词短语作状语,charting的逻辑主语是Aubyn。
句意 Aubyn的父亲虐待他,而他的母亲沉溺于酒精来逃避生活的痛苦,但Aubyn写了一系列基于自己生活的精彩的小说,记述了一个男人从受虐待的艰难处境到走出困境的旅程。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。印度的Srikanth Blla先天性失明,但他的父母并没有放弃他,他立志求学,最终学业有成并创立了自己的公司。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Unfrtunately, the students and teachers didn't quite like 以及第四段第一句Cncerned this family decided t send him t a special schl in Hyderabad.可知家人因为担心他在普通学校受到的冷落会影响他,所以决定送他去特殊学校,故可推测他在特殊学校可以受到平等对待,所以B项正确。A项和C项所涉及的信息原文都没有提到;他转学是父母做的决定,而不是普通的学校把他撵走的,D项错误。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的70% f whm are physically challenged可知Srikanth Blla很关心残疾人,故选择B项。他出生在一个贫穷的家庭,而不是贫穷的村庄,A项错误;他父母对他的学习要求严格,原文没有涉及此信息,C项错误;他小时候并没有受到村民们的喜爱,大家都认为残疾的小孩毫无用处,还不如死了,D项错误。
7.A 推理判断题。根据Srikanth求学的波折经历可知他意志坚定,根据Srikanth在学业和商业上的成功可知他富有智慧,所以A项正确。
8.D 主旨大意题。根据文章讲述的Srikanth的励志经历和最后一段中的总结全篇的中心句Being disabled desn't mean being unable.可知D项是最佳标题。
【高频词汇】 1.as a result结果 2.cmpetitin n.竞赛;竞争 3.prevent sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事 4.intelligent adj.聪明的;有才智的 5.determined adj.坚决的;果断的;坚定的
长难句分析
原句 But things were even harder fr Srikanth Blla wh was brn in a small village in India, where the cmmn belief was that kids with disabilities were “f n use” and therefre, better ff dead.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。wh引导定语从句,修饰先行词Srikanth Blla,where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词village。that引导的是表语从句。
句意 但是对于出生在印度的一个小村庄的Srikanth Blla来说情况甚至更糟,那里普遍的观念是残疾的孩子“没有用”,因此,还不如死了。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。骑自行车去冒险需要充分的准备和研究。文章主要就骑自行车旅行给出了一些建议。
1.C 根据上文“Whether yu have the best muntain bike under $300 r the best muntain bike under $200, safety is mre imprtant.(无论你有300美元以下最好的山地车,还是200美元以下最好的山地车,安全更重要)”以及下文“Cnfirm yur helmet is all set.(确认你的头盔都准备好了)”可知,本段在强调安全问题。故C选项“骑自行车时,你需要感到尽可能地安全”符合语境,故选C。
2.B 根据下文“This will help yu rule ut sme f the dubts yu culd be having n safety.(这将帮助你排除你在安全方面可能存在的一些疑虑)”可推知,本句是在说明一种有助于排除安全方面疑虑的做法,结合上文说明的是自行车的安全准备问题,可推知本句是在说明准备就绪后的自行车试骑。故B选项“带你的自行车进行一次长途试骑”符合语境,故选B。
3.E 根据上文“If yu are planning an expeditin with yur bike, at least, be sure that yu knw just as imprtant.(如果你计划骑自行车旅行,至少要确保你知道在车胎瘪了的情况下如何换胎。此外,你必须知道如何相应地调整刹车。知道如何更换滑落的链条也同样重要)”可知,上文主要提到了一些自行车出现故障的情况,本句为本段最后一句,承接上文,说明解决这些故障的办法是要带工具,故E选项“记得带解决这类问题的合适的工具”符合语境,故选E。
4.G 根据上文“Mst imprtantly, bring yur cntact a friend r family fr help.(最重要的是,带上你的手机、一块备用的手机电池或便携式充电器和身份证。如果发生意外,你可能需要联系朋友或家人寻求帮助)”可知,本段主要是在说明自行车骑行需要携带的一些重要物品,并说明了原因。且上文中an ID card可与G选项中an identificatin card相对应。故G选项“以防万一,身份证会帮助确认你的身份”符合语境,故选G。
5.F 根据下文“Yu surely dn't wish t get wrn ut, s pack healthy case yu feel thirsty.(你肯定不希望自己累坏了,所以带些健康的零食,让自己始终精力充沛。此外,别忘了带足够的水,以防你感到口渴)”可知,下文说的是骑车需要及时补充能量,因为骑自行车需要消耗很多体力,且下文中energetic与F选项中energy相对应。故F选项“骑自行车需要很多体力,尤其是长途骑车”符合语境,故选F。
【高频词汇】 1.set adj.安排好的;固定的 2.rule ut把……排除在外 3.flat n.瘪了的轮胎 4.set aside 留出,拨出
5.wrn ut adj.筋疲力尽的 6.all thrugh一直 7.in case以防;以防万一 8.apprpriate adj.适当的,恰当的 9.identify v.确认;认出;鉴定;找到;发现