人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Sharing课时作业

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Sharing课时作业，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2021广东实验中学高二下期中,易)
Belw yu will find a prfile f each gap year prgram. If there is a specific prgram yu are interested in r a questin yu have regarding these prgrams, please feel free t cntact them directly.
Yuth Internatinal
Since 1997, Yuth Internatinal has been prviding many peple with the mst exciting and educatinal experience f their life. It is a learning prgram that cmbines internatinal travel, inter-cultural exchange, hmestay, vlunteer cmmunity service wrk and utdr adventures.
Phne: 720-270-3323
Carpe Diem Educatin
Thrugh vlunteer service, travel and cultural exchange, students f Carpe Diem Educatin receive a persnal insight int themselves and their cultures. We specialize in guiding summer and semester prgrams fr high schl students. Each curse is carefully crafted t develp leadership and self-awareness within ur students, wh return hme better prepared t be leaders in thught and actin.
Phne: 503-285-1800
Center fr Interim Prgrams
Funded in 1980, Center fr Interim Prgrams is the first independent gap year rganizatin in America. Based n students' interests and budget, ur experienced teachers help make individual curse chices, including lw cst vlunteer ptins, language prgrams, research trips and s n. We are cmmitted t helping students find mre experiences f frmal educatin and wrk.
Phne: 413-585-0980
EF Gap Year
EF Gap Year ffers students the ability t explre several cuntries where yu will learn a language, vlunteer fr a gd cause and gain internatinal wrk experience. Chse a 12-week semester r 26-week academic year. Yu can then persnalize yur prgram t meet yur learning gals and interests by deciding where, when, and hw yu wish t study n yur wn. Our well-structured curriculum even allws yu a place ut f cllege-level classes and earn advanced credits tward graduatin.
Phne: 800-726-9746
1.Which phne number can yu dial if yu want t imprve yur leadership?
A.720-270-3323.B.503-285-1800.
C.413-585-0980.D.800-726-9746.
2.What is EF Gap Year's unique feature?
A.Its reasnable fee.
B.Its experienced teachers.
C.Its persnalized prgram.
D.Its diverse curriculum chices.
3.What d the fur prgrams have in cmmn?
A.They pay attentin t vlunteer service wrk.
B.They cmbine educatin with hmestay.
C.They mainly ffer crss-cultural educatin.
D.They raise students' interest in adventure.
B
(2021河北衡水中学高二下期中,中)
The clearing f my parents' hme has made me think abut the imprtance, even centrality f bks t the huse's life and sul. The huse, and ur lives in it, wuld nt have been the same withut bks. The frce f the statement cmes hme t me as I see what happens when shelves are emptied. The rms suddenly lk uncmfrtably bare.
I always rather tk it fr granted that bks furnished a rm. The nly rms in ur huse withut bks were the dining rm and the bathrms. Otherwise there were bks everywhere: in all the bedrms, in the drawing rm and in the pian rm which became my parents' cmfrtable winter study.
I culdn't help feeling that bks were rather like peple: sme mre frmal and bring, thers mre entertaining; sme simply fr shw, thers with unprmising utsides but rich interirs. They had mre, in fact, than furnishing a rm, and they were cmpanins wh culd ffer insight and gd advice.
Nw the bks are being cntributed (nt all, t be sure, but very many), and I fear fr their future, almst as if they were refugees(难民). “Habent sua fata libelli”, as the ld Latin saying ges, riginally written by Terentianus; it meant that the fate and future f bks were determined by the capability f the reader. But the meaning f the phrase has been misunderstd by time and is nw assciated with the physical fate f particular bks—hw they have passed frm wner t wner. This is hw Walter Benjamin read the saying when he wrte his essay Unpacking My Library, which analyses the extrardinarily clse relatinship between a cllectr and his r her bks.
As I deal with the bks—many are ging t charity(慈善)shps and I hpe they will find gd hmes—I can't help wndering if my generatin is the last that will versee such a prcess. Bks are disappearing, as mre and mre are bught in electrnic frm and exist nly as bytes f infrmatin n e-bks r ther devices. Des this matter? Culd bks becme mre spiritual, as they lse their physicality?
4.When clearing the rm, the authr .
A.realized the influence f bks n his past life
B.thught f the statement his parents nce made
C.felt upset abut leaving his parents' bks behind
D.fund sme empty shelves left by his parents
5.The underlined wrd “interirs” in Paragraph 3 refers t .
A.pagesB.ntesC.cversD.cntents
6.Accrding t Walter Benjamin, .
A.it's imprtant t pass bks frm wner t wner
B.the meaning f bks is misunderstd by time
C.the future f bks depends n readers' capability
D.the fate f bks is related t their cllectrs
7.Frm the passage we knw that .
A.the authr is attached t physical frm f bks
B.the authr's bks are bund t find gd hmes
C.e-bks have taken the place f traditinal nes
D.the authr's parents used every rm f theirs as a study
C
(2020辽宁瓦房店高二下期末,中)
A new device wrks like a slar panel, except that it desn't harvest energy frm the sun. It absrbs energy frm the cld night sky.
A prttype(原型)f the device prduced enugh electricity at night t pwer a small light bulb. A bigger versin might ne day light rms r charge phnes. It als culd pwer electrnics in remte r lw-resurce areas that lack electricity.
The device makes use f the temperature difference between Earth and uter space. It then uses that difference t create electricity. As lng as ne side f it is cler than the ther, the generatr can prduce electricity. The cler side faces the sky and is attached t an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed beneath a transparent(透明的)cver and surrunded with insulatin(隔热材料)t keep ut heat. The bttm f the generatr is attached t an expsed aluminum plate. That plate is warmed by the lcal air. At night, the tp plate can get a cuple f degrees Celsius cler than the bttm f the generatr.
Researchers tested a 20-centimeter prttype ne clear December night in Stanfrd, Califrnia. The generatr prduced up t abut 25 milliwatts f pwer per square meter. That was enugh pwer t light a small light-emitting dide, r a LED bulb. Further imprvements might increase its prductin t at least 500 milliwatts per square meter. T d that, the system might need mre insulatin arund the cl tp plate.
“The device als culd help pwer remte weather statins r ther envirnmental devices,” says Aaswath Raman. He is a materials scientist wh wrks n the device at the University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles. “This may be useful in plar regins that dn't see sunlight fr mnths at a time,” Raman says. “If yu have sme lw-pwer lad and yu need t pwer it thrugh three mnths f darkness, this might be a way.”
8.What can we knw abut the new device?
A.It gains energy frm the sun.
B.It's been widely used in life.
C.It is cler than a slar panel.
D.It'll be ppular in special areas.
9.What des the authr mainly talk abut in Paragraph 3?
A.Applicatin fields f the device.
B.The develping prcess f the device.
C.The wrking principle f the device.
D.Significant effects f the device.
10.Hw can the device prduce mre electricity?
A.By putting mre insulatin arund the tp plate.
B.By using it in extremely cld and clear nights.
C.By making its bttm cler than the tp plate.
D.By pwering remte envirnmental devices.
11.What culd be a suitable title fr the text?
A.A Device Using the Cld Night Sky t Prduce Electricity
B.A Device Bringing New Hpe fr Thse in the Cld Night
C.The Difference Between a Slar Panel and a New Device
D.The Temperature Difference Between Earth and Outer Space
D
(2021北京四中高二下期中,难)
There will be days when yu d nt have much t d, perhaps because yu are waiting fr smene else in a different department r a different cmpany t respnd t a request. As the clck ticks away 5 pm, there may be n purpse in staying at yur desk. But yu can see yu hard at wrk and, mre imprtantly, they can see yu. S yu make an effrt t lk busy.
Sme f this may be a self-perpetuating(自我持续的)cycle. If bsses d nt like t g hme befre their wrkers, and wrkers fear leaving befre their bsses, everyne is trapped. Staff may feel that they will nt get a pay rise, r a prmtin, if they are nt seen t be putting maximum effrt int their wrk. This is easily cnfused with lng hurs. Managers, wh are ften nt gd at judging emplyees' perfrmance, use time in the ffice as an alternative.
The cnsequence is ften wasted effrt. Rather than wrking hard, yu wrk hard t make bsses think that way. Leaving a jacket n yur ffice chair, walking arund purpsefully with a ntebk r clipbard and sending ut emails at dd hurs are three f the best-knwn tricks. After a while this can result in cllective self-cheat that this pretence is actual wrk.
But presenteeism(超时工作)has mre serius cnsequences. As well as reducing prductivity, this can increase medical expenses fr the emplyers. Accrding t a study, these csts can be six times higher fr emplyers than the csts f absenteeism amng wrkers. T take ne example, a research published in the British Medical Jurnal fund that Japanese emplyees with lwer-back pain were three times mre likely t turn up fr wrk than in Britain. As a result, thse wrkers were mre likely t experience greater pain and t suffer frm depressin. What culd be mre upset than being in pain while feeling trapped at wrk?
Nne f this is t say that emplyers haven't the right t expect wrkers t be in the ffice fr an acceptable prprtin f time. Unavidably there will be a need fr sme (preferably shrt) meetings. Dealing with clleagues face t face creates a feeling f trust and friendship, allws fr a useful exchange f ideas and enables wrkers t have a better sense f their needs.
But mdern machinery like smartphnes and laptps is prtable. It can be used as easily at hme as in the ffice. Turning an ffice int a prisn, with prisners allwed hme fr the evenings, des nthing fr the creativity that is increasingly demanded f ffice wrkers as rutine tasks are autmated. T be prductive yu need presence f mind, nt being present in the flesh.
12.Why d emplyees still stay at their desk after wrk?
A.T keep their bsses cmpany.
B.T get mre vertime allwance.
C.T put extra effrts int their wrk.
D.T give their bsses a gd impressin.
13.One f the cnsequences f presenteeism is that .
A.emplyers will pay wrkers higher wages
B.wrkers will suffer physically and mentally
C.wrkers will perfrm their jb mre efficiently
D.the effrt put in by wrkers will finally pay ff
14.Wrking in the ffice fr sme time can help .
A.build better scial bnds
B.bring bsses mre prfits
C.rganize a meeting efficiently
D.satisfy wrkers' material needs
15.What wuld the authr prbably agree with?
A.Presenteeism can't help develp creativity.
B.Absence frm wrk reduces prductivity.
C.Presence at wrk will be mre jyful.
D.Technlgy makes life puzzling.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021江西南昌八一中学高二下5月月考,中)
Hw Nt t Be Awkward
Nt all f us are utging and ready t take the wrld by strm. 16 This usually happens when a persn is still in his r her teen years and ging thrugh the scializatin prcess. S, what can a persn d t vercme this tendency t be awkward? Let's try t find answers t the questin.
Stay in shape and dress up well
Smetimes, awkwardness culd be due t being verweight. When yu are large in size, yu tend t get very self-cnscius. S, in rder t avid this, get int the habit f exercising every day.
17 If yu lk as if yu have just stepped ut f a 1980's film when actually it is 2021, there is n dubt that yu are bund t feel awkward abut yurself.
Be ptimistic
Anther effective tip n hw nt t feel awkward is t always keep a smile n yur face. 18 On the ther hand, a smiling, happy and psitive thinking persn is appreciated by everybdy. S, smile when yu meet acquaintances r even strangers, say a cheerful “Hi!” and autmatically sme f yur awkwardness will disappear cmpletely!
Participate in team activities
This ne really helps. Awkwardness generally develps when a persn remains islated frm thers. S, in rder t change this situatin, jin grups. 19 Jining peple in bk reading sessins as well as debates will help remve yur awkwardness. Chse any activity f yur chice, such as playing team sprts r jining a dance class, and sn yu will find yur cmfrt level arund peple increasing day by day!
Develp yur persnality
Being a bk wrm r an Internet addict will nt get yu anywhere. Fr self-imprvement, take up a hbby that adds meaning t yur life. Learn singing r try adventure sprts. 20
A.Learn hw t end a cnversatin.
B.Secndly, have apprpriate clthes n.
C.Fr instance, if yu are a reading lver, jin a bk club.
D.If yu lk sad, nbdy will actually like being with yu.
E.Smething as simple as listening t music will d wnders t.
F.Many amng us are shy and may even feel kept away frm thers.
G.Awkwardness culd be because yu d nt have anything in cmmn t talk abut.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东潍坊高二下期中,中)
I was driving int my little twn in Newlands when my car blew a tyre. Frtunately almst utside ur lcal garage, unfrtunately after 5pm it was 21 .
There was a yung cuple sitting in the pen dr f their 22 in the garage's car park, with the hd(折叠式车篷)up, lking a bit 23 . I knew I had a spare tyre in the 24 f my car but n tls, and I'm pretty uncnfident abut the ld tyre 25 anyway. S I was srt f 26 wndering what t d next when the guy 27 next t me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre.
I was s grateful, and he 29 ut sme basic tls quickly and gt things started. It turned ut that they were n a tur arund the cuntry and their truck had just 30 frm smething expensive and slw t fix. Thus, they were frced t 31 in the car park f the garage that night.
Well, he fixed my wheel up and I tk them bth hme t my cttage, treated them t a hmemade 32 , apple cakes and a csy little spare rm, and 33 them back int twn the next day.
What was a pain in the truble fr all f us 34 int a fun night f laughter and gd fd and nice cmpany because they generusly ffered a 35 hand t a lady meeting with difficulties.
B.fined C.clsedD.cancelled
B.truck C.hmeD.rm
B.cnfident C.cnsiderateD.guilty
B.ft C.backD.side
B.change C.chiceD.use
B.enthusiastically
C.sensitively D.awkwardly
upB.backed ff
C.pened upD.tk ff
B.needed C.putD.had
B.letC.figuredD.tk
B.cmeC.died D.made
B.skipC.eat D.respnd
B.vaseC.pnd D.meal
B.ledC.invitedD.seized
B.crashedC.turnedD.ran
B.wavingC.strikingD.helping
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021江苏常熟高二下期中,易)
Cave N.12 f the Yungang Grttes(石窟), the 1,500-year-ld masterpieces f Chinese Buddhist art, has been recently “mved” t the Zhejiang University Museum f Art and Archaelgy by 3D printing technlgy, 36 (bring)the grttes t the wider wrld.
Cave N.12, 14 meters deep,11 meters wide and 9 meters high, als knwn 37 the Music Cave, was carved with rich images f heavenly figures and 38 (music) instruments frm hme and abrad. These figures represented the 39 (early) ryal symphny rchestra(乐团)in ancient China.
The researchers 40 (vercme)many difficulties since August 2016. First, the prject team spent three mnths laser-scanning(激光扫描)the cave and tk55,680 41 (pht) f it. 42 (ensure) successful printing, a special 3D printer was tailred fr the prject. Then, 43 came after 3D printing was the clring prcess, during which the images in the cave 44 (expect) t be cvered with prper materials and clrs. After eight mnths f clring, the staff finally cmpleted the replica cave. Experts believe that the cmpletin f the prject marked technical breakthrughs and
45 very imprtant step frward in digital prtectin and inheritance f cultural heritage.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021江苏南京高二下期末,易)
假定你是李华,想邀请留学生朋友Eric一起去做义工。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.时间和地点;
2.要做的事情;
3.期待他的加入。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。






第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021辽宁部分重点高中高二下期中,难)
Hpelessly I was being with a class f wild senir girls as they threw paper and shuted ludly with laughter. N ne seemed t care abut wh wuld step int the classrm, let alne listen t me. And being a teacher was the last chice f my ccupatins. I wanted t be a writer. But when I arrived in Lndn, teachers in this cmmunity were badly needed.
Hwever hard I tried t manage a nrmal teaching, their facial expressins tld me that it was in vain. Fr the previus tw mnths, as sn as the bell finally rang, I rushed t the staff rm, red with anger. The ther teachers weren't surprised. “That's Tp Naughty, the mst difficult class in the whle schl.”
But I was reluctant t give up. I decided t abandn frmal teaching and lessns. Instead, I brught tpics fr class discussins. Tw f the liveliest talks were: the arguments they had with their parents and their chices when in a dilemma. Fr the first time in my memry they were serius, sharing their lives and behaving as a mature adult. I was fascinated. Therefre, I had them write abut themselves. As time went n, their essays became a bridge between us. I admired their humr, determinatin and perspective, and meanwhile I thught they appreciated my interest in their lives.
The musical My Fair Lady was playing in the West End. I asked if they'd like t see the musical. They thught I was jking and did nt take it seriusly, since n teacher had ever suggested taking them ut. A few weeks later, Tp Naughty and I were sitting in a theatre. They lved the music and the main character wh changed herself frm the wildest t the mst elegant. It was the highlight f their year, and they talked abut it fr the rest f their last year.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Near the end f their senir year, smene kncked n the dr f the staff rm.





Paragraph 2:
After a three-mnth summer vacatin, a letter sent by the schl arrived when I was packing my luggage.







答案全解全析
UNIT 4 SHARING
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了四个为学生制定的间隔年学习项目。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Carpe Diem Educatin部分中的Each curse is carefully crafted t develp leadership and self-awareness within ur students, wh return hme better prepared t be leaders in thught and actin.可知,每一门课程都经过精心设计,旨在培养学生的领导力和自我意识,让他们在回国后能更好地为成为思想和行动的领导者做好准备。由此可知,如果你想提高你的领导能力,你可以拨打503-285-1800。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据EF Gap Year部分中的Yu can then persnalize yur prgram t meet yur learning gals and interests by deciding where, when, and hw yu wish t study n yur wn.可知,之后您可以通过决定自己希望在哪里、何时以及如何学习来个性化您的课程,以满足您的学习目标和兴趣。由此可知,EF Gap Year的独特之处是它的个性化程序。故选C。
3.A 细节理解题。根据Yuth Internatinal部分中的It is a learning prgram that cmbines internatinal travel, inter-cultural exchange, hme stays, vlunteer cmmunity service wrk and utdr adventures.、Carpe Diem Educatin部分中的Thrugh vlunteer service, travel and cultural exchange, students f Carpe Diem Educatin receive a persnal insight int themselves and their cultures.、Center fr Interim Prgrams部分中的Based n students' interests and budget, ur experienced teachers help make individual curse chices, including lw cst vlunteer ptins, language prgrams, research trips and s n.以及EF Gap Year部分中的EF Gap Year ffers students the ability t explre several cuntries where yu will learn a language, vlunteer fr a gd cause and gain internatinal wrk experience.可知,这四个项目共同之处在于他们重视志愿服务工作。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.gap year间隔年(常指中学毕业后上大学前所休的一年假期,用于实习或旅游) 2.specific adj.特定的,明确的 3.specialize in专门研究 4.be cmmitted t致力于 5.credit n.学分
长难句分析
原句 Each curse is carefully crafted t develp leadership and self-awareness within ur students, wh return hme better prepared t be leaders in thught and actin.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。wh引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词为students,wh在从句中作主语。
句意 每一门课程都经过精心设计,旨在培养学生的领导力和自我意识,让他们在回国后能更好地为成为思想和行动的领导者做好准备。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,讲述了打扫父母的房子时作者对书的思考。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The clearing f my parents' hme has made me think abut the imprtance, even centrality f bks t the huse's life and sul. The huse, and ur lives in it, wuld nt have been the same withut bks.可知,打扫父母的房子让作者思考书对房子的生命和灵魂的重要性。这所房子以及作者的生活,如果没有书就不会是现在的样子。由此可知,打扫父母的房子时,作者认识到了书对他过去生活的影响,故A项正确。
5.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的thers with unprmising utsides but rich可知,还有一些外表平淡无奇,但内容却很丰富,由此可知画线词意为“内容”,故D项正确。
6.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的But the meaning f the phrase has been misunderstd by time and is nw assciated with the physical fate f particular bks, hw they have passed frm wner t wner. This is hw Walter Benjamin read the saying when he wrte his essay “Unpacking My Library”, which analyses the extrardinarily clse relatinship between a cllectr and his r her bks.可知,现在书的未来由它们的所有者决定。Walter Benjamin在《打开我的图书馆》一文中分析了收藏家和他的书之间的密切关系。由此可知,Walter Benjamin认为书的命运与它们的收藏者有关,故D项正确。
7.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Des this matter? Culd bks becme mre spiritual, as they lse their physicality?可知,作者喜欢实体书,故A项正确。
【高频词汇】 1.bare adj.空的 2.take sth. fr granted认为……是理所当然的 3.furnish vt.布置;供应,提供 4.cmpanin n.同伴,朋友 5.be assciated with和……联系在一起
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项最新的科技发明——一种利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置,它可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量,然后利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。
8.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的It als culd pwer electrnics in remte r lw-resurce areas that lack electricity.和最后一段中的“This may be useful in plar regins that dn't see sunlight fr mnths at a time,” Rman says.可知,这种装置在一些偏远地区或电力不足的资源匮乏地区能帮助发电;另外,在数月不见阳光的极地地区,这种装置可能是有用的。由此可推知,这个新设备在会在一些特殊地区受欢迎。故选D项。
9.C 主旨大意题。根据第三段叙述可知,该装置利用地球和外层空间的温差来发电。只要它的一边比另一边冷,发电机就能发电。较冷的一面朝天空,与一块铝板相连。那块板被密封在一个透明的盖子下面,周围有隔热材料。该装置的底部与铝板连接。那块板被空气加热。晚上,顶板的温度比该装置底部的温度低几摄氏度。由此可推知第三段主要讲了该设备发电的工作原理。故选C项。
10.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Further impr-vements might increase its prductin t at least 500 milliwatts persquare meter. T d that, the system might need mre insulatin arund the cl tp plate.可知,该装置系统需要在上面冷的金属板四周安装更多的隔热材料才可以产生更多的电能。故选A项。
11.A 主旨大意题。由文章第一段A new device wrks like a slar panel,except that it desn't harvest energy frm the sun. It absrbs energy frm the cld night sky.可知,一种新的装置像太阳能电池板一样工作,只是它不从太阳获取能量,它从寒冷的夜空中吸收能量,点明了文章主题。结合全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一项最新的科技发明——一种利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置,这种装置可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量,然后利用地表和外层空间的温差来产生电能。所以文章的最佳标题为“利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置”。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.absrb vt.吸收 2.charge vt.充电 3.pwer vt.为……提供动力 4.remte adj.遥远的 5.device n.设备 6.surrund vt.围绕;环绕;包围
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文,阐述了公司员工下班后被迫加班的原因,以及被迫加班所产生的不良影响。
12.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的As the clck ticks past 5 pm, there may be n purpse in staying at yur desk. But yu can see yu hard at wrk and, mre imprtantly, they can see yu. S yu make an effrt t lk busy.可知,下班后你不离开办公室,而是让自己忙起来。不只是忙给自己看,更重要的是忙给他们看。根据下文可知“他们”指的就是“老板”。同时根据第二段中的Staff may feel that they will nt get a pay rise, r a prmtin, if they are nt seen t be putting in maximum effrt.可知,如果员工没有被老板看到尽最大的努力的话,他们就得不到加薪和升职。综合分析可推知,下班后员工继续加班是为了给老板留下好印象。故选D项。
13.B 细节理解题。文章第三、四段提到超时工作的结果包括:wasted effrt(浪费精力);cllective self-cheat(集体自我欺骗);reducing prductivity(减少效率);increase medical expenses(增加医疗成本);experience greater pain (承受更大的痛苦);suffer frm depressin(患上抑郁症)。综合分析可知,超时工作会让员工们遭受身体和精神上的痛苦,故选B项。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Dealing with clleagues face t face creates a feeling f trust and friendship, allws fr a useful exchange f ideas and enables wrkers t have a better sense f their needs.可知,面对面办公会产生一种信任和建立友谊的感觉,有利于有益的思想交流,也能让员工更好地了解自己的需求,建立更好的社会联系。故选A项。
15.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Turning an ffice int a prisn, with prisners allwed hme fr the evenings, des nthing fr the creativity可知,作者认为把办公室当作监狱、把员工当作犯人对创造性毫无益处。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.trap vt.使陷入困境 2.prmtin n.提升;晋升 3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 4.turn up出现 5.depressin n.抑郁症;沮丧 6.in the flesh亲自
长难句分析
原句 Turning an ffice int a prisn, with prisners allwed hme fr the evenings, des nthing fr the creativity that is increasingly demanded f ffice wrkers as rutine tasks are autmated.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。that为关系代词,引导的是一个定语从句,先行词为creativity,在从句中作主语;allwed hme fr the evenings为过去分词短语作with的宾语补足语。
句意 把办公室变成囚犯晚上可以回家的监狱,对创造力没有任何帮助。随着日常工作的自动化,对办公室工作人员的创造力要求越来越高。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者对如何使自己不尴尬提出了几点建议,如保持体形、注意穿着、乐观、参加团体活动、发展个性等。
16.F 根据前一句Nt all f us are utging and ready t take the wrld by strm.可知,并不是所有的人都很外向并愿意风靡世界,也就是说我们中有很多人比较害羞,不愿意和他人交往。下一句This usually happens when a persn is still in his r her teen years and ging thrugh the scializatin prcess.告诉我们,这种情况通常发生在十几岁的时候,F项Many amng us are shy and may even feel kept away frm thers.(我们中的许多人都很害羞,甚至可能觉得与别人隔绝。)承上启下。故选F。
17.B 根据本段标题Stay in shape and dress up well可知,要想在人际交往中不尴尬,需要保持体形,并好好打扮。空处前一句S, in rder t avid this, get int the habit f exercising every day.讲的是多锻炼来保持体形,那么空处要填的句子就应该与dress up well的含义保持一致。故选B。
18.D 根据本段标题Be ptimistic(要乐观)和后一句On the ther hand, a smiling, happy and psitive thinking persn is appreciated by everybdy.(另一方面,一个面带微笑、快乐并积极思考的人会受到他人的喜欢。)可知,不乐观面对一切便没有人会喜欢你。D项If yu lk sad, nbdy will actually like being with yu.(如果你看起来很悲伤,没有人会喜欢和你在一起。)承上启下。故选D。
19.C 根据前一句S, in rder t change this situatin, jin grups.可知,作者建议我们为了改变这一情况要参加某个小组。C项Fr instance, if yu are a reading lver, jin a bk club.(例如,如果你喜欢阅读,就参加读书俱乐部。)与上文一致。故选C。
20.E 根据本段第二句Fr self-imprvement, take up a hbby that adds meaning t yur life.可知,为了提高自己,要开始一个爱好,这个爱好可以给你的生活增添意义。E项Smething as simple as listening t music will d wnders t.(有时候简单如听音乐这样的事情也会带产生奇效。)正是叙述个人爱好的影响。故选E。
【高频短语】 1.tendency n.趋势,倾向 2.awkward adj.尴尬的,笨拙的 3.be bund t d一定会做 4.tip n.建议 5.participate in参与
第二部分
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在路上不幸轮胎爆了,自己既没有工具,又不太会更换轮胎,这时有好心人热心帮助,作者也快乐地给与回报。
21.C 句意:幸运的是,差不多当时我就在当地的汽修厂门外,不幸的是汽修厂下午5点后就关门了。decline减少,下降;fine罚款;clse关闭;cancel取消。根据前文I blew a tyre以及Frtunately almst utside ur lcal garage, unfrtunately...可知,作者的轮胎爆了,不幸的是修理厂关门了。故选C项。
22.B 句意:修理厂的停车场里,一对年轻的夫妇坐在敞开门的卡车里,引擎盖打开了,看起来有点失望。car小汽车;truck卡车;hme家;rm房间。根据第三段中“their truck had just 30 frm smething expensive and slw t fix”可知,这里指卡车。故选B项。
23.A 句意同上。disappinted失望的;cnfident自信的;cnsiderate体贴的;guilty内疚的。根据前文可知,修理厂已经停止营业,没有人修车,所以有点儿失望。故A项。
24.C 句意:我知道我有一个备用轮胎在我的车后面,但没有工具,而且我对旧轮胎的更换很不自信。center中心;ft脚;back后面;side一边,一侧。根据常识可知,备用轮胎放在车的后面。故选C项。
25.B 句意同上。recrd记录;change更换;chice选择;use使用。根据前文可知,作者的轮胎爆了,需要更换轮胎。故选B项。
26.D 句意:所以我有点尴尬地想知道下一步该做什么,这时一个人突然出现在我身旁,问我是否需要帮忙处理轮胎。excitedly兴奋地;enthusiastically热情地;sensitively敏感地;awkwardly尴尬地,笨拙地。基于前文的分析可知,作者没有工具,对换轮胎不自信,所以“困难地”想下一步怎么办呢。故选D项。
27.A 句意同上。ppped up突然出现;backed ff退缩,退却;pened up打开;tk ff起飞,脱下。根据语境可知,作者正在困境中,这时一个小伙子突然出现,伸出援助之手。故选A项。
28.B 句意同上。raise提升;need需要;put放,安置;have拥有。基于语境可知,这里指有人询问作者是不是需要帮忙。故选B项。
29.D 句意:我很感激,他很快拿出一些基本的工具,开始了工作。lk ut当心,留神;let ut结束,散会;figure ut弄清楚,弄明白;take ut取出,拿出。根据前文可知,这小伙子要帮忙,所以拿出一些工具。take ut“拿出”,符合句意。故选D项。
30.C 句意:结果发现,他们在全国各地旅游,他们的卡车刚刚因一些昂贵且维修缓慢的东西而无法驾驶了。flee逃离;cme来;die死亡,停止运转;make制造。根据语境以及后文“frm smething expensive and slw t fix”可知,这个小伙子之所以在这时能帮助作者,是因为他们旅游到这里,卡车因故停止运转。故选C项。
31.A 句意:于是,他们当晚被迫睡在修理厂的停车场里。sleep睡觉;skip跳过;eat吃;respnd回应。根据后文“that night”以及下一段中“a csy little spare rm”可以推断,他们被迫在停车场过夜。故选A项。
32.D 句意:好啦,他把我的车修好了,我把他们都带回家,吃了一顿饭,还有苹果蛋糕,住了一间舒适的小房间,第二天就把他们送回了城里。party宴会;vase花瓶;pnd池塘;meal一顿饭。根据前文“I tk them bth hme t my cttage, t a hmemade”以及后文“and apple cakes”可知,这里指吃了一顿饭。故选D项。
33.A 句意同上。drp掉落;lead引导;invite邀请;seize抓住。根据语境以及后文“them back int twn the next day”可知,作者第二天把他们送回城里。drp sb. t/int...“送某人去……”符合句意。故选A项。
34.C 句意:对我们所有人来说,麻烦中的痛苦变成了欢笑、美食和友好陪伴的欢乐之夜,因为他们慷慨地向一位遇到困难的女士伸出了援助之手。break(使)破,裂,碎;crash碰撞;turn转动;run跑。根据前文“Well, he fixed my wheel up lvely”可知,作者轮胎爆了,结果遇到好心人的帮助修好了,所以说,麻烦的痛苦变成欢笑的经历。turn int sth.意为“变成某事物”,符合语境,故选C项。
35.D 句意同上。shake摇动;wave挥舞;strike打,击;help帮助。基于前文可知,这里指他们慷慨地向一位遇到困难的女士伸出了援助之手。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.blw a tyre爆胎 2.spare tyre备用轮胎 3.srt f有点;有几分 4.car park停车场 5.wheel n.车轮 6.a helping hand提供帮助
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了如何运用3D打印技术将“云冈石窟”复制到浙江大学艺术与考古博物馆。
36.bringing 考查非谓语动词。句意:拥有1500年历史的中国佛教艺术杰作云冈石窟的第十二窟,最近已通过3D打印技术被“搬到”了浙江大学艺术与考古博物馆,使石窟得到了更广泛的世界关注。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,设空处在句子中充当非谓语,此处用现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果,因此填bringing。
37.as 考查介词。句意:第十二窟,又称音乐窟,有14米深,11米宽和9米高,里面刻着丰富的神话人物形象和国内外的乐器。(be)knwn as意为“被称为”,为固定搭配。故填as。
38.musical 考查形容词。句意同上。结合句意并分析句子成分可知,空格处应为形容词来修饰其后的名词。故填musical。
39.earliest 考查形容词的最高级。句意:这些人物代表着中国古代最早的宫廷乐团。由句意和空格前的the可知,此处应该用early的最高级形式。故填earliest。
40.have vercme 考查时态及主谓一致。句意:自从2016年8月以来,研究人员们克服了很多困难。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,且根据句子中的时间状语“since August 2016”可知,时态为现在完成时。主语为复数形式,故填have vercme。
41.phts 考查名词复数。句意:项目组花费3个月用激光扫描石窟并拍摄了55,680张照片。由前面的数字可知,此处应填pht的复数形式。故填phts。
42.T ensure 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了确保成功打印,科学家们为该项目量身订制了一台特殊的3D打印机。根据句意以及分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语,在句子中作目的状语。故填T ensure。
43.what 考查名词性从句。句意:3D打印后是颜色加工,在这段期间石窟里的人物形象预计会覆盖上合适的材料和颜色。分析句子结构可知,此处 43 came after 3D printing是主语从句,从句中缺少主语且主语指的是物,应由what来引导。故填what。
44.were expected 考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。句意同上。be expected t d意为“被期望做,预计做”;事情发生在过去,用一般过去时;主语是images,谓语动词用复数,故填were expected。
45.a 考查冠词。句意:专家们相信工程的完成标志着技术的突破以及文化遗产数字化保护和传承向前迈出了重要一步。step是可数名词,此处泛指“一步”,故填不定冠词a。
【高频词汇】 1.image n.形象 2.musical instrument乐器 3.tailr vt.专门制作;订做 4.breakthrugh n.突破 5.digital adj.数字的
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Eric,
We're ging t d sme vluntary wrk this Sunday mrning in ur neighbrhd. I'm writing t invite yu t jin us.
Started by the Student Unin, this activity is aimed at helping peple in need. We will d many things like helping the disabled and the elderly, r raising public awareness f envirnmental prtectin. I knw yu've always been hping t get clse t lcal peple, and this is a gd pprtunity fr yu t practice yur ral Chinese with the lcals.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Near the end f their senir year, smene kncked n the dr f the staff rm. The tw mst rebellius girls in Tp Naughty came in smilingly, with a large bunch f flwers in their hands. “We are here t say gdbye t yu, sir, and we believe we are big girls nw.” Carefully, I lked at my big girls, cnfirming that they wanted t express their thanks t me. I was prud t knw I had tuched their lives, and they had als tuched mine. I enjyed teaching and getting alng with teenagers.
Paragraph 2:
After a three-mnth summer vacatin, a letter sent by the schl arrived when I was packing my luggage. I unflded the letter and it read, “We are delighted t tell yu that yu are s qualified t be a teacher here. Hpe that yu can accept ur ffer.” Silently I sat n the edge f my bed, leaving my luggage untidy n the flr. Fr s lng a time, I have been thinking that teaching wasn't my dream career. But nw I must say that teaching isn't the end f my career; it is the beginning.
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.A
5.D
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.A
11.A
12.D
13.B
14.A
15.A
16.F
17.B
18.D
19.C
20.E
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.B
26.D
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.C
31.A
32.D
33.A
34.C
35.D
36.bringing 37.as 38.musical 39.earliest 40.have vercme 41.phts 42.T ensure 43.what 44.were expected 45.a
写作指导
故事
要素
Place
schl
Character
I, the class
情节
Paras. 1—2
作者在不得已的情况下,选择做了老师,而且面对的是全校最顽皮的学生,于是常常被他们气得无计可施。
Paras. 3—4
但作者没有放弃,他决定放弃正式的教学和课程,而是给出话题让学生讨论,让他们写关于自己的文章,这些文章成了作者和学生们沟通的桥梁。作者甚至还带学生们去看音乐剧。
续写
方向
Para. 1
Near the end f their senir year, smene kncked n the dr f the staff rm.
①敲门的是谁呢?
②来访者是何来意呢?
③作者会作出什么反应呢?
Para. 2
After a three-mnth summer vacatin, a letter sent by the schl arrived when I was packing my luggage.
①学校寄来的信中说了什么?是对作者的工作表示肯定吗?
②作者在离校与留校任职间会做出怎样的选择呢?
③作者有什么感想呢?