全书学业质量水平检测(二)-2022版英语选择性必修第一册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

这是一份全书学业质量水平检测(二)-2022版英语选择性必修第一册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共19页。

全书学业质量水平检测(二)
2021山东新高考质量测评联盟高二4月联考英语试题
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(易)
There?s good news and bad news for flower fans this spring in Washington state.
Good news:The Tulip (郁金香) Festival in Skagit County plans to return in 2021 with new rules, and with reserved tickets available for Tulip Town.
Attendance will be limited at Tulip Town this year, but it is planning to open earlier and stay open later. As in any public place statewide, face coverings are required. As of March 7,the tulips were not yet blossoming in Skagit County. When they start to blossom each year depends on the weather in March, but mid-April is historically the peak for the tulip blossom in the gardens and fields.
Bad news: The University of Washington in Seattle is asking people to view the cherry blossoms from home again this year in order to reduce crowding and limit the spread of COVID-19. UW Video has a live webcam overlooking the campus, and there?s a virtual tour with photos from campus that will be updated throughout the blossom season.
There are dozens of different varieties of blossoming cherry and plum trees in the Seattle area, with blossoms visible from early February until May for some.
1.What is the best time to enjoy tulips?
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
A.March. B.February.
C.April. D.May.
2.Which place is recommended to admire cherry blossoms?
A.Skagit County. B.Tulip Town.
C.The web. D.UW campus.
3.What is the purpose of this text?
A.To inform. B.To explain.
C.To persuade. D.To educate.
B
(中)
The Appalachian Mountains have one of the richest and most diverse seasonal forests on earth. However, it also has a darker, decades-long history of coal-mining that had done almost great damage to local ecosystems, leaving hundreds of barren and bald hills.
In 2002, after years of telling coal companies to pack rubble(碎石) and plant grass on the remains of mountaintop explosion and opencast mining sites, Angel, an officer of the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, noticed that the big trees—the life-giving forces of Appalachia—were not returning to the area.
When Angel went to the University of Kentucky to pursue a Ph.D., there he met Chris Barton,a young fore-stry professor who was studying how regrowing forests could solve frequent flooding problems. In 2004, Angel, Barton, and others created the Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative—trees should be planted on mines. Regulators from governments at all levels, scientists, environmentalists, and even coal miners agreed. The native had the power of spirit to turn over a new leaf and begin working to remove years of environmental degradation.
Within just a few years, almost all new mines in the Appalachian Mountains were reforested upon completion rather than seeded with grass.
Now 70 years old, Angel has been the driving force behind the regreening of coal country. With joint efforts, 187 million trees have been planted over 275,000 acres of former mines.
Angel and Barton?s journey hasn?t been easy, as tree planting is much less profitable than mining. The slow work of reforesting the area continues by the sweat of people from the mountains who understand the beauty and importance of their forested homes.
4.What caused damage to the forests in the Appalachian Mountains?
A.Lack of water. B.Frequent floods.
C.Government policy. D.Years of coal-mining.
5.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Worsening. B.Conservation.
C.Restoration. D.Pollution.
6.Why has Angel and Barton?s journey been more challenging?
A.Mining requires less sweat.
B.The initiative receives less support.
C.It is easier to pack rubble and plant grass.
D.Tree-planting is less financially rewarding.
7.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Promise little, but do much.
B.Many hands make light work.
C.The tree is the guardian of water.
D.Green the land to make people rich.
C
(中)
At 9 am on a Wednesday, Gaby Rountree waves goodbye to Mila as she is picked up to go to day care in Mexico City. “It has made her so independent, so friendly and so lovely with others,” Ms Rountree says joyfully. She shuts the front door and turns to homeschooling her two children. For Mila is not a child, but the family dog.
Schools and nurseries have been shut in Mexico for a year owing to the pandemic. But doggy day care is booming. Doggy carers offer claw-trims and let beloved pets play outdoors. “Many clients now have a home office or are worried about their dogs becoming too attached to them,” explains Montserrat, the owner of a dog day-care centre, as she strokes a tiny dog on her lap. The facility, in the rich neighbourhood, also has a camp where dogs can spend a relaxing weekend in the countryside.
Mexico?s rising passion for dogs has coincided (同时发生) with falling human fertility. In the mid-1980s, a Mexican woman could expect to have four children; now, only two. In the long run, as people have grown richer and the returns to education have risen, families have shrunk. For some, a dog is a lovable substitute. The most devoted owners buy clothes and throw birthday parties for their dogs. Many restaurants welcome dogs and provide drinking water. Some restaurants even offer a full doggy menu. Parks have “doggy areas”. Pet beauty salons provide not only baths and trims but massages and acupuncture, too.
Mexico?s spoilt pets are probably enjoying the pandemic more than its locked-down kids. By one estimate, nearly two-thirds of the children have missed a year of school because of the coronavirus. For mothers such as Ms Rountree doggy day care offers some relief from COVID-19 induced hard boring work. But she will not stop worrying until her children, too, are let off the chain and back into the classroom.
8.What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A.Mila is highly thought of by Ms Rountree.
B.Ms Rountree is a well-received online teacher.
C.Mila enjoys her day with other children at the care center.
D.Ms Rountree?s children are well taken care of at the care center.
9.What may be the reason for the doggy day care?s popu-larity in Mexico?
A.Dogs like to play in the center.
B.Dogs are infected by the pandemic.
C.School and nurseries are closed down.
D.Many citizens have to work at home.
10.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A.How Mexico becomes richer.
B.Why Mexicans love to raise dogs.
C.How Mexicans care for their dogs.
D.Why Mexico has a declining population.
11.What?s the present situation of the kids in Mexico?
A.They are about to return to school.
B.They are second to the dogs at home.
C.They have to attend their dogs at home.
D.Most of them are absent from school for a year.
D
(难)
If all goes well, a balloon will soon rise from Esrange Space Center in Sweden. It will float high into the upper atmosphere, where nothing will happen, and then return to Earth. Nevertheless, a collection of environmental groups is trying to stop it.
The campaigners are against the flight because of what comes next. The balloon is a test flight for the research being run by Harvard University. The research aims to test an idea called SAI, in which fine dust is added into the upper atmosphere to boost the amount of sunlight reflected back into space. A future flight will release a small amount of calcium carbonate dust into the upper atmosphere, in order to help researchers learn more about solar geoengineering—an excellent but theoretical idea of deliberately adjusting the Earth?s systems to prevent the bad effects of climate change.
Opponents worry about two things. The first is the moral issue. If solar geoengineering works, it could reduce pressure to deal with climate change at its source by cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, in order to keep temperatures low, the reflective particles(颗粒) would have to be topped up continuously. A sudden stop could result in very rapid wanning. Raymond Pierrehumbert, a physicist at the University of Oxford, says solar geoengineering is too risky even to research outside of computer simulations (模拟).
Not all environmentalists are opposed. The world is likely to miss the target, set in the Paris Agreement, of keeping warming to 1.5℃.“We?re not well-served by not understanding what these technologies represent,” says Steven Hamburg. Mr. Hamburg favours small-scale geoengineering research. Other green organisations have also hesitantly approved of exploring the idea.
Exploration is likely to carry on in any case. Once a taboo, geoengineering is being taken increasingly seriously. A recent report on climate change suggested that SAI could help keep warming below 1.5℃. America has developed a research plan for solar geoengineering. Both China and India have launched research programmes of their own. Activists will continue to oppose experiments. But balloons will likely fly anyway.
12.How does solar geoengineering work?
A.Dust is put into the upper atmosphere to trap more heat.
B.Measures are taken intentionally to tackle the climate change.
C.Steps are taken deliberately to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
D.Dust is emptied into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight into Earth.
13.Why do environmentalists argue against SAI?
A.It is to be implemented on a large scale.
B.It has led to global warming against the original intention.
C.It is probably to miss the target of keeping warming to 1.5℃.
D.It may cause people to care little about greenhouse gas
emissions.
14.What is the best title for the text?
A.Should balloons? flight be banned?
B.Should solar geoengineering exploration go ahead?
C.How do balloons threaten the earth?s climate?
D.How has solar geoengineering changed the earth?
15.What is the author?s attitude to solar geoengineering?
A.Critical. B.Positive.
C.Doubtful. D.Frightened.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(难)
Some people are blessed with a seemingly unshakable positivity, but most of us need to learn how to pull ourselves up through our own efforts. 　16　 Thankfully, here are several science-backed strategies to improve your relationship with the person in the mirror. 
　17　 
Realize that negative emotions aren?t inherently (内在地)bad—they can be useful. The inner call of anxiety reminds you to focus on it. If you need to deal with an immediate problem,that call to focus is helpful.
Believe that you matter.
　18　 Spend time with loved ones, and remind them you offer a shoulder to cry on. It?s nice to know that someone cares, and they in turn can count on you when they need help. 
Get moving.
There?s no silver bullet (高招)for overcoming negativity.　19　Not only is it good for stress management and general mental health but it also provides a sense of competence and accomplishment. Over the years, dozens of studies have indicated that exercise has a significant impact on self-perception. 　20　 If going to the gym is not an option or very enjoyable to you, then head outdoors for a run or a nice walk. 
A.Engage in less negative self-talk.
B.Embrace the upside of feeling down.
C.But exercise is the closest thing we have.
D.Staying positive has been tough in the pandemic.
E.Such interactions can lead to negative emotions.
F.The activity you choose matters less than enjoying it and sticking to it.
G.Strong personal relationships are the best aids to believ-ing you matter.
16.　　　 17.　　　 18.　　　 19.　　　 20.　　　 
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(中)
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 　21　 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 　22　 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器). 
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to　23　 exploring it? That?s a tale of 　24　 written in the stars. 
　　Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was　25　 of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she?d be able to 　26　 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she 　27　 the offer. 
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping　28　 to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her 　29　. But she didn?t 　30　—“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.” 
Then came another life-changing moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be 　31　 to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA?s Goddard Space Flight Center. 
This February, when the Perseverance rover　32　 on the surface of Mars, it was 　33　 by the commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA?s first-ever Spanish-language 　34　. 
Trujillo?s own story is　35　 that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars. 
21.A.astronaut B.pilot
C.engineer D.guide
22.A.eager B.responsible
C.concerned D.grateful
23.A.actually B.hardly
C.precisely D.repeatedly
24.A.innocence B.kindness
C.perseverance D.sympathy
25.A.certain B.tolerant
C.afraid D.fond
26.A.respond B.rise
C.invest D.apply
27.A.made up B.turned down
C.picked up D.took up
28.A.measures B.activities
C.jobs D.courses
29.A.studies B.purchases
C.recreations D.trips
30.A.skip B.panic
C.reform D.complain
31.A.applied B.admitted
C.assigned D.introduced
32.A.originated B.sank
C.landed D.waited
33.A.accompanied B.restricted
C.enhanced D.teased
34.A.theory B.broadcast
C.criticism D.performance
35.A.enterprise B.information
C.competence D.proof
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(难)
The young Perce Blackborow 　36　 (desperate) anticipated an adventure. 　37　 (join) the expedition, he secretly hid himself in a cupboard after Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request. As they approached Antarctic, the ship Endurance got 　38　 (stick) in the ice. They had to abandon the ship and reach the uninhabited Elephant Island. Later, they got into a difficult situation 　39　 they were crowded together under a boat on the rocky shore of the miserable place. To seek help, Shackleton departed, 　40　(lead) a team in a lifeboat. For the remaining crew, staying alive took all their time and energy. While they were bored 　41　 all meat of sea creatures, they knew if 　42　 hadn?t been for sea animals, they would all have starved. It was four months before they were finally rescued. It was Shackleton?s perseverance and 　43　 (commit) that saved them from a slow but 　44　(pain) death. The expedition 　45　(consider) a successful failure at that time. 
36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　 39.　　　 40.　　　 
41.　　　 42.　　　 43.　　　 44.　　　 45.　　　 
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(中)
假定你是李华,为了激发学生的英语学习兴趣,上周五你班举行了英语诗歌创作大赛。请你为校英语报写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.赛前准备(了解诗歌形式等);
2.比赛情况(作品展示,比赛结果等);
3.活动效果。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯
An English Poetry Writing Competition
 
 
 
 
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(中)
Henry returned home on the evening of February 3,2018,teary-eyed and exhausted.The 33-year-old professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii?s Waimea Bay (夏威夷威美亚海湾) to the other while wildly scanning the water to look for his “baby”,but in vain. By then, night had started to fall.
At home, Henry took his search online. “I was surfing tonight and lost my baby,” he wrote on Facebook. That “baby” was a blue surfboard that had been made for him. Hours earlier, the crash of a big wave had separated Henry from this prized possession.
“I caught the biggest waves of my life on that board,” Henry later said. “That?s why it means so much to me.” He hoped it would wash ashore and that whoever spotted it would have also seen his Facebook post. But the currents of Waimea Bay swept it out to sea, away from the Hawaiian Islands.
Weeks passed with no sign of the surfboard, so he saved for months and decided to buy a new one.
But Henry never completely forgot about the board, which—six months after and more than 5,000 miles away from where it disappeared—floated by the remote island of Sarangani in the southern Philippines(菲律宾).A local fisherman found the board and sold it to Bran. He was a teacher in a poorly-equipped elementary school, and hoped to learn to surf and one day share the skill with his students. He bought Henry?s surfboard for $40.
The once-blue board had faded to a pale straw color during its journey, but its distinctive markings were still there. Underneath the markings were the words “Henry, Hawaii”. Realizing how far the surfboard had traveled, Bran was astonished. He was searching for relevant information on the Internet when Henry?s post caught his attention.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board. .                                                                                 
                                                                                                                           Paragraph 2:
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran?s chool. .                                                                                 

答案全解全析

1.C
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.A
6.D
7.B
8.A
9.D
10.B
11.D
12.B
13.D
14.B
15.B
16.D
17.B
18.G
19.C
20.F
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.A
34.B
35.D
36.desperately　37.To join　38.stuck　39.where
40.leading　41.with　42.it　43.commitment　44.painful　45.was considered
第一部分　阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读　本文为应用文。文章向华盛顿州的花迷们介绍了有关赏花的消息。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句When they start to blossom each year depends on the weather in March, but mid-April is historically the peak for the tulip blossom in the gardens and fields.可知,欣赏郁金香最好的时间是四月份。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知人们被要求在家里通过网上视频和图片来欣赏樱花,也就是建议人们在网络上赏樱花。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第一段There?s good news and bad news for flower fans this spring in Washington state.以及下文对好消息和坏消息的介绍,可知本文主要告知一些赏花消息。
【高频词汇】　1.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;可找到的;有空的 　2.blossom v.开花;n.花朵,花簇　3.virtual adj.很接近的;几乎……的;事实上的; (通过计算机软件,如在互联网上)模拟的,虚拟的　4.update v.更新;向……提供最新信息
5.visible adj.看得见的;可见的
长难句分析
原句　The University of Washington in Seattle is asking people to view the cherry blossoms from home again this year in order to reduce crowding and limit the spread of COVID-19.UW Video has a live webcam overlooking the campus, and there?s a virtual tour with photos from campus that will be updated throughout the blossom season.
分析　in order to reduce crowding and limit...作目的状语; overlooking the campus为现在分词短语作后置定语修饰a live webcam; that will be updated throughout the blossom season为定语从句。
句意　西雅图的华盛顿大学今年再次要求人们在家里观赏樱花,以减少拥挤和限制COVID-19的传播,UW视频有一个俯瞰校园的实时网络摄像头,还有一个虚拟的观光,里面有校园照片,整个花季都会更新。
B
◎语篇解读　本文为新闻报道。阿巴拉契亚地区一直致力于在因长时间的采煤而形成的秃山和荒山上种树,人们在Angel和Barton的主导下共建美丽家园。
4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中it also has a darker, decades-long history of coal-mining that had done almost great damage to local ecosystems可知多年的采煤对阿巴拉契亚山脉的森林造成了破坏。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据上题分析可知,多年采煤对当地生态系统造成了巨大破坏,留下了很多的秃山和荒山。再根据第三段中The native had the power of spirit...working to remove years of environmental degradation.可知当地各方都愿意植树造林,共同努力恢复被破坏的生态,消除被破坏的生态带来的环境恶化,所以此处消除的是环境的“恶化”。
6.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Angel and Barton?s journey hasn?t been easy, as tree planting is much less profitable than mining.可知植树在经济上回报较少,所以他们的工作行程很有挑战性。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中Regulators from governments at all levels,scientists,environmentalists,and even coal miners agreed.以及倒数第二段中With joint efforts, 187 million trees have been planted over 275,000 acres of former mines.可知大家共同合作,工作会轻松,也就是人多力量大。
【高频词汇】　1.diverse adj.不同的;相异的;多种多样的
2.do damage to损害;损坏　3.explosion n.爆炸,爆破,爆裂(声)　4.persue v.追求;致力于;继续探讨　5.rather than而不是　6.profitable adj.有利润的;赢利的
长难句分析
原句　However, it also has a darker, decades-long history of coal-mining that had done almost great damage to local ecosystems, leaving hundreds of barren and bald hills.
分析　此句主干为it also has a darker, decades-long history of coal-mining,后面跟着that引导的定语从句,leaving hundreds of barren and bald hills作结果状语。
句意　然而,它也有着更黑暗、长达数十年的采煤历史,几乎对当地生态系统造成了巨大破坏,留下了数百座荒山和秃山。
C
◎语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥人对狗的宠爱和热情与日剧增,宠物狗日托中心蓬勃发展。
8.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“It has made her so independent, so friendly and so lovely with others,” Ms Rountree says joyfully.可知Rountree女士对她的狗Mila有高度的评价。
9.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many clients now have a home office or are worried about their dogs becoming too attached to them,” explains Montserrat, the owner of a dog day-care centre, as she strokes a tiny dog on her lap.可知很多人需要在家里工作,或者担心狗狗对自己过于依赖,所以会把狗送到狗狗日托中心,这样就使得狗狗日托很受欢迎。由此推知,许多人不得不在家工作可能是墨西哥狗狗日托中心蓬勃发展的原因。
10.B　主旨大意题。根据第三段中Mexico?s rising passion for dogs has coincided (同时发生) with falling human fertility. In the mid-1980s,a Mexican woman could expect to have four children; now, only two. In the long run, as people have grown richer and the returns to education have risen, families have shrunk. For some, a dog is a lovable substitute.可知本段主要介绍了墨西哥人喜欢养狗的原因。
11.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中By one estimate, nearly two-thirds of the children have missed a year of school because of the coronavirus.可知目前大多数墨西哥儿童缺课一年了。
【高频词汇】　1.independent adj.独立的;自主的　2.owing to由于　3.attached adj.依恋;爱慕　4.estimate v.估计;估价
5.relief n.宽慰;解脱;消除;缓和　6.let off 允许……不做;从轻处罚
D
◎语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章介绍了可以帮助缓解全球变暖的一项工程——太阳能地球工程。
12.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The research aims to test an idea called SAI, in which fine dust is added into the upper atmosphere to boost the amount of sunlight reflected back into space.和solar geoengineering—an excellent but theoretical idea of deliberately adjusting the Earth?s systems to prevent the bad effects of climate change.可知这个太阳能地球工程采取措施应对气候变化。
13.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中If solar geoengineering works, it could reduce pressure to deal with climate change at its source by cutting greenhouse gas emissions.可知太阳能地球工程可能会导致人们对温室气体排放不再那么关心。根据上文可知,环保人士真正担心的是全球气候变暖的根本原因是温室气体的排放,如果太阳能地球工程通过向大气层释放细尘,减少太阳光线向地球的反射,缓解了全球变暖,那么温室气体排放这一根本原因就会被忽视。
14.B　主旨大意题。全文主要从太阳能地球工程是什么、面临的争议、各方的态度等方面推测这一工程是否应当继续。
15.B　推理判断题。根据第五段中Exploration is likely to carry on in any case.和A recent report on climate change suggested that SAI could help keep warming below 1.5℃.可知作者对这一工程的态度是乐观积极的。
【高频词汇】　1.atmosphere n.(围绕地球的)大气,大气层　2.adjust v.调整;调节;适应;习惯　3.moral issue道德问题;道德议题　4.opposed adj.强烈反对　5.approve v.赞成;同意
6.launch v.发动;发起;上市;发行
长难句分析
原句　The research aims to test an idea called SAI, in which fine dust is added into the upper atmosphere to boost the amount of sunlight reflected back into space.
分析　此句主干是The research aims to test an idea。called SAI为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰an idea。in which引导定语从句, 修饰先行词SAI。
句意　这项研究的目的是测试一种叫做SAI的想法,即向高层大气中加入细粉尘,以增加反射回太空的阳光量。
第二节
◎语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章介绍了如何改善你在困境中的心态。
16.D　考查过渡句。空前的learn how to pull ourselves up through our own efforts与D项中的staying positive相呼应。空后Thankfully, here are several science-backed strategies to improve your relationship with the person in the mirror.与D项承接自然。
17.B　考查主旨句。根据其他标题为祈使句,可知应在A或B项中做出选择。根据下文可知,B项Embrace the upside of feeling down.(拥抱低落情绪的积极面。)切题,是对下文的概括总结,是本段主题。
18.G　考查过渡句。根据下文可知此处应陈述建立人际关系的重要性,G项切题。该项中的Strong personal relationships与下文的Spend time with loved ones相吻合。
19.C　考查过渡句。根据语境可知,所填句与空前句应为转折关系,C项切题。该项与空后句相互照应, 承接自然,下文中的it指代的就是该项中的exercise,且选项内容符合本段小标题“Get moving(动起来)”。
20.F　考查过渡句。根据语境可知,空后内容是对所填内容的进一步解释说明,故F项切题。
【高频词汇】　1.be blessed with 赋有(能力等);享有(幸福等)　2.tough adj.艰难的;强硬的;坚强的　3.embrace v.抱;拥抱;欣然接受,乐意采纳(思想、建议等)　4.indicate v.表明;显示;象征;暗示　5.stick to坚持不变;遵守,坚持(诺言、协议、决定、原则等)　6.option n.选择;选择权
第二部分　语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读　本文为记叙文。文章讲述了Trujillo靠着努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇航局的女工程师的故事。
21.C　根据第五段最后一句Later, she became an engineer at NASA?s Goddard Space Flight Center.可知她是一个宇航工程师。
22.B　分析句子可知,此空是前面laboratory的后置定语,根据句意以及选项意思,可知此处表示的是这个实验室的职责,be responsible for“负责……”。
23.A　此空对应了此句中的“dreaming about”,要表示的是“从梦想变成了现实”,在现实中真正地探索宇宙。
24.C　根据文章首句可知一个女孩要进入美国国家航空航天局工作是非常难的一件事,因此需要毅力和坚持。通过下文对于女孩故事的讲述,也可知道她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事。innocence 无辜,无罪; kindness 善良; perseverance 毅力;sympathy 同情。
25.A　根据上文可知她一直梦想着探索宇宙,结合此句可知,此处表达甚至在她还很小时,就确定了对科学的热爱。
26.B　根据空后in a male-dominated field并结合句意以及选项,可知此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里,Trujillo不知道自己能走多远,地位能提高多少。
27.D　根据前后文可知她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。
28.C　根据空前的housekeeping以及此句句意可知,此处表达她通过做家务工作,挣钱让自己完成学业。
29.A　根据上文她做家务工作帮助自己读完大学并结合选项可知,此处表示她打扫浴室帮助自己完成学业。
30.D　根据句意可知此处与上文为转折关系,所以此处表达,尽管学习完成不易,但是她不抱怨。
31.B　根据上文Then came another life-changing moment.可知此处表示她被美国宇航局学院录取,这是她人生的转折点,be admitted to“被……录取”。
32.C　此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆。
33.A　此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时,伴随着Trujillo用西班牙语进行的解说。accompany 陪伴,伴随;restrict 限制;enhance 增强;tease取笑,戏弄。
34.B　根据语境可知,此处表示“毅力号”在火星着陆时,广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说。
35.D　句意:Trujillo自己的故事证明,越过障碍,有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去触及星辰的人。enterprise公司;information信息;competence能力,胜任;proof证据,证明。
【高频词汇】　1.career n.生涯;职业;经历;事业　2.doubt v.无把握;不能肯定;怀疑;不相信　3.engineer n.工程师;设计师　4.barrier n.屏障;障碍物;障碍　5.reach for伸手去拿
第二节
◎语篇解读　本文为记叙文。文章讲述了Shackleton所带领的船队在探险时遇到了危险的经历。
36.desperately　考查副词。此处副词修饰动词anticipated作状语。
37.To join　考查不定式。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加入探险队”,用不定式作目的状语。
38.stuck　考查过去分词。句意:当他们接近南极时,“Endurance”被困在了冰里。根据句意可知,主语Endurance和stick为被动关系,故此处用“get+过去分词”表示被动。
39.where　考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知此处为定语从句,先行词situation在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。
40.leading　考查现在分词。句子的谓语动词为departed,lead和其逻辑主语Shackleton之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。
41.with　考查介词。be bored with意为“对……感到厌烦”。
42.it　考查代词。在虚拟语气中使用固定句型“If it hadn?t been for sth.”意为“如果不是……”。
43.commitment　考查名词。根据空前的perseverance可知,此处填不可数名词commitment,Shackleton?s perseverance and commitment作句子的主语。
44.painful　考查形容词。根据空前的形容词slow以及并列连词but可知,此处应用形容词painful作定语,修饰名词death。
45.was considered　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据全文时态以及at that time可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,要用一般过去时。主语The expedition是单数,且和谓语动词consider之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
【高频词汇】　1.adventure n.冒险;冒险经历;奇遇
2.situation n.情况;状况;形势　3.miserable adj.使不舒服的;痛苦的;可怜的　4.rescue v.营救;援救;抢救　5.perseverance n.毅力;韧性　6.commit v.承诺,保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)
第三部分　写作
第一节
One possible version:
An English Poetry Writing Competition
To arouse our interest in English, an English poetry writing competition was organized in our classroom last Friday.
All of us made full preparations in advance. Some surfed the Internet, while others went to the library to study different forms of poetry and writing techniques. During the competition, the works were presented in various ways. The vivid language left a deep impression on us. Then everyone voted on the best poems and the winners were awarded.
We thought highly of the competition, which broadened our horizons and enriched our knowledge about English poems as well.
第二节
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
on the evening of February 3,2018;six months after
Place
at Henry?s home in Hawaii; in the southern Philippines
Character
Henry and Bran
Reason
Henry lost his favorite surfboard while surfing, and he wanted to get it back on the Internet. Six months later, the surfboard floated to the Philippines.
情节
Beginning
Henry lost his surfboard and posted the story on Facebook.
Development
Six months later and more than 5,000 miles away, Bran, a teacher in a poorly-equipped elementary school, bought Henry?s surfboard for $40 from a local fisherman. Bran was searching for the relevant information about the surfboard on the Internet.
续写
方向
Para. 1
Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board.
①Henry看到照片后的心情如何?
②Henry如何拿回自己的冲浪板?通过对Bran的了解他做了些什么?
Para. 2
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran?s school.
①两人见面后的情景如何?
②Henry有什么感受?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board. The moment Henry saw the photos, despite the faded color, he recognized his “baby”. Henry was amazed to learn that his “baby” had drifted across the ocean and survived. Without delay, he reached out to Bran. Much to his surprise, Bran was also enthusiastic about surfing. The happy coincidence made him determine to buy Bran a brand-new surfboard. What surprised him most were Bran?s poor school conditions, which fueled him to help them. To convey his gratitude, Henry decided to fly to the Philippines with some backpacks and books as well as the new board.
Paragraph 2:
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran?s school. On his arrival, he caught sight of Bran, with the board beside him. Seeing his beloved board, Henry was overjoyed to recover it. Overwhelmingly grateful, he gave Bran a big hug. Henry showed the brand-new board prepared for him and offered to teach him to surf. Later, they handed out the backpacks and books to the students, who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight. It dawned on Henry that every act of kindness could make a great difference and brighten the world.