2020-2021学年Unit 3 The world of science精练

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 3 The world of science精练，共16页。试卷主要包含了wrthwhile adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Mm, please remember t buy tw medium-sized (电池)fr my alarm clck when yu g t the stre.
2.Whenever there is a sale in the supermarket, my mther always ends up buying gd (物品)at a lw price.
3.He has a (渴望)fr success thugh he has failed many times.
4.Suddenly, a white light (射出)twards my eyes, and I culd see nthing.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
think f;never say never;lead t;in terms f;in additin;thanks t
1. the style, I dn't like the newly released freign sng by the famus singer.
2. ! Yu never knw what will happen in the future.
3.Mr. Black is a specialist in chemistry. , he is a famus writer.
4.If yu say the wrd “cmmunicatin”, mst peple wrds and sentences.
5.The play succeeded the fine acting by the cast.
6.Many peple believe technlgical changes will unemplyment.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.He felt he culd really start lking fr the day when he culd turn his dream int a (real).
2.The first students will wrk n prjects related t (wear) technlgy and the Internet f Things.
3.Dgs seem t understand ur needs and have a desire (help) us ut.
4.It is believed that it is his ability t wrk under (press) that leads t his great success.
5.Technlgical advances mean mre infrmatin can be delivered nline rapidly and (flexible).
6.Experts suggest that parents shuld let their children d tasks that they are capable by themselves, which will help children t build cnfidence.
7.Researchers have fund that migrants use a variety f inner (cmpass) t help themselves navigate.
Ⅳ.分析所给句子中画线部分的结构,并根据汉语意
思进行仿写。
1.In terms f the envirnment, it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse.(P27)
迈克有可能提前完成这项任务。

2.It is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places,with cmputing technlgy cntrlling its “legs”.(P27)
有一名导游带我们参观这些景点,我们一定会玩得很开心。

3.S what is it that inspires us t invent things?(P27)
是什么使你决定毕业后当记者的?

4.But what remains imprtant is that we have an incredible desire t think and create, and that's the real spirit f inventin. (P27)
众所周知,2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。

5.Inventins in Ancient China were better than thse in the West.(P28)
很明显,五年级的学生比一年级的学生要高。

能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021北京西城区高一上期末,)
Big Prblems, Simple Slutins
Inventins are imprving health and well-being in cmmunities arund the wrld. Speakers at recent TED events have shared simple and inexpensive slutins that can slve everyday prblems.
FUEL BRIQUETTES (燃料型煤)
In the develping wrld, smke frm indr cking kills mre than 2 millin children each year. In fact, it's the number ne cause f death f children under five. Amy Smith, funder f D-Lab at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), discvered a way t make a safe cking fuel. The material she uses is als free and plentiful: farm waste.
Smith invented a lw-cst device that turns farm waste int fuel briquettes. These briquettes prduce smke that is less dangerus than the smke frm ther fuel. In additin, they als burn htter and last lnger. Farmers can make these briquettes frm readily available waste. This inventin has an ecnmic benefit, t. Farmers can buy the device fr $2 and sell briquettes they dn't use. Smith estimates that this can increase a farmer's incme by $500 a mnth.
DISASTER SHELTERS
Over 31 millin peple wrldwide lse their hmes every year due t natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes. After these disasters, many peple live in terrible cnditins—in tents r in large stadiums with n privacy. Graphic designer Michael McDaniel invented inexpensive and temprary husing fr peple in these situatins.
Called the Reactin Ex, these shelters are small, ne-rm huses that cmfrtably hld up t fur peple. They're made frm plastic that is strng, recyclable, and super light. In fact, they're s light that they can be lifted by hand and are very prtable as well. McDaniel hpes that his inventin will prvide an affrdable slutin t help peple rebuild their lives after a natural disaster.
1.The key gal t invent the fuel briquettes is t .
A.increase family incme
B.make full use f farm waste
C.get free and plentiful cking fuel
D.prtect kids frm dangerus cking smke
2.What are the features f disaster shelters?

A.Light and affrdable.
B.Heavy and recyclable.
C.Big and cmfrtable.
D.Small and breakable.
3.What is the main purpse f the passage?
A.T explain design methds.
B.T intrduce new inventins.
C.T reprt research findings.
D.T advertise latest prducts.
B
(2021山东邹城高一下期中, )
British chemist David Evans has becme an vernight celebrity n Chinese scial media. His chemistry experiments have attracted ver 2 millin fllwers in just a few mnths. Evans is a chemistry prfessr at Beijing University f Chemical Technlgy. The 60-year-ld always wears a white lab cat and a pair f safety gggles(护目镜),and smiles ften. Sme web users say he lks just like the “grandpa f KFC”.
Evans has psted vides f varius experiments. His mst ppular experiments have attracted millins f hits n vide-sharing apps. Excited children's cheers and shuts can be heard in his vides. “I hpe my experiments can aruse peple's interest in science,” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhd. In the early 1970s, befre the refrm and pening up, he viewed it as a “cuntry full f mysteries”. He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 t attend a chemistry cnference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Prvince. He quit his jb in the United Kingdm and mved t Beijing in 1996. Many f his friends thught he was crazy. But Evans says they just saw China's challenges but nt its ptential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned t the Internet t ppularize science. He learned shrt-vide apps are als ppular in small cities and rural areas. And he realized that this enabled him t reach mre students, wh lack pprtunities t perfrm fun experiments. But even a ne-minute vide requires a cnsiderable amunt f wrk. Still, he thinks it's wrthwhile t fulfill his respnsibility t ppularize science.
His experiments always fill schls' lecture halls with laughter. Sme viewers call him a “Harry Ptter-like magician”, but he disagrees. “A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanatin.” He sees himself as a teacher. He perfrms experiments t spread knwledge, inspire thinking, remve misunderstandings and shw that science can create change. Evans says he lks frward t mre “chemical reactins” with China.
4.Wh is David Evans accrding t the passage?
A.A film celebrity.
B.A chemistry teacher.
C.A manager f KFC.
D.A British magician.
5.Why did Evans begin t pst vides f experiments n the Internet?
A.T ppularize science.
B.T rise t fame.
C.T apply shrt-vide apps.
D.T make a frtune.
6.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t Paragraph 3?
A.Evans cnsidered the UK t be a cuntry full f mysteries.
B.Evans first visited the Chinese mainland in his childhd.
C.Evans went t China fr a chemistry meeting in 1987.
D.Evans mved t Beijing with the supprt f his friends.
7.What can we infer frm the passage?
A.Evans knws exactly hw magic wrks.
B.Evans is a serius scientist and barely smiles.
C.Evans will cntinue t pst vides f experiments in China.
D.Evans' students like t interrupt his experiments with laughter.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2019安徽天长高一下期末,)
Scial Media
Scial media can be defined as web-based and mbile media that are used t make peple interact,cnnect and cmmunicate with each ther. It ften invlves the creatin and sharing f cntent(writings,pictures and vides) that peple make themselves,mstly thrugh the Internet.
1 The first type invlves peple in getting tgether t wrk n a prject,fr example,Wikipedia. Blgs and micrblgs (such as Twitter)are anther type f scial media. There are ther websites like YuTube that allw peple t share cntent such as pictures,articles r vides. 2 This site allws peple t stay in tuch with friends,make new nes and jin cmmunities.Facebk is an example f this type. Many peple like t play games n the Internet and,yes,there are scial media games as well. These games allw gamers t interact with each ther and play with r against ther gamers. 3 The final type f scial media is websites like Secnd Life,where peple can create avatars(化身)and use and create bjects,as if they were in the real wrld.
Scial media is different frm the traditinal media.With scial media,many individual peple create cntent.
Anther difference is that peple wh prduce cntent in scial media dn't need very special skills. 4 It takes nly a few minutes t write a Twitter pst,fr instance. 5 But whatever yu might think,scial media is here t stay.
A.Wrld f Warcraft is a gd example.
B.And scial media cntent can be prduced much faster.
C.In general,there are six different types f scial media.
D.Anther type f scial media is the scial netwrking site.
E.Sme peple think scial media is gd and sme think it is bad.
F.In the traditinal media,peple need special skills t prduce smething.
G.Scial media is ne f the fastest grwing industries in tday's wrld.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.stuff 3.desire 4.sht
Ⅱ terms f 2.Never say never 3.In additin 4.think f 5.thanks t 6.lead t
Ⅲ 考查词性转换。句意:他觉得他真的可以开始寻找他可以把他的梦想变成现实的那一天。根据不定冠词a可知此处应用名词形式。
2.wearable 考查词性转换。句意:第一批学生将从事和可穿戴技术及物联网有关的项目。修饰名词technlgy应用形容词。wearable technlgy可穿戴技术。
3.t help 考查非谓语动词。句意:狗似乎理解我们的需求,并有一种帮助我们摆脱困境的欲望。have a desire t d sth.有做某事的欲望。
4.pressure 考查词性转换。句意:人们相信是他在压力下工作的能力导致了他的巨大成功。 under pressure在压力之下。
5.flexibly 考查词性转换。句意:技术进步意味着更多的信息可以在网上快速灵活地传递。此处与rapidly并列,因此用副词形式。
6.f 考查介词。句意:专家建议父母应该让他们的孩子做他们自己能做的任务,这将帮助孩子建立信心。be capable f 能够。
7.cmpasses 考查名词的复数形式。句意:研究人员发现,迁徙动物使用各种各样的内部指南针来帮助自己导航。cmpass意为“指南针”时为可数名词,根据a variety f可知此处应用复数形式。
Ⅳ is pssible fr Mike t finish the task ahead f time.
2.With a guide shwing us arund the scenic spts, we're sure t have a gd time.
3.What was it that made yu decide t wrk as a reprter after graduatin?
4.What is knwn t us all is that the 2022 Winter Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
5.It's bvius that students in Grade 5 are taller than thse in Grade 1.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个简单而廉价的解决日常问题的发明。
1.D 推理判断题。根据FUEL BRIQUETTES部分中的In the develping wrld, smke frm indr cking kills mre than 2 millin children each year.和discvered a way t make a safe cking fuel可知,发明燃料型煤的关键目标是保护孩子们远离危险的炊烟。故选D。根据Smith estimates that this can increase a farmer's incme by $500 a mnth.可知增加农民的收入是使用燃料型煤的结果,而不是发明燃料型煤的关键目标,故A项错误;根据The material she uses is als free and plentiful: farm waste.可知这是使用材料的特征,而不是发明燃料型煤的关键目标,故C项错误;根据Farmers can make these briquettes frm readily available waste.可知利用现成的废物是制成燃料型煤的方式,而不是发明燃料型煤的关键目标,故B项错误。
2.A 细节理解题。根据DISASTER SHELTERS部分中的They're made frm plastic that is strng, recyclable, and super light.可知,灾难避难所的特点之一是很轻,根据文章最后一句McDaniel hpes that his inventin will prvide an affrdable slutin t help peple rebuild their lives after a natural disaster.可知,灾难避难所是经济实惠的。故选A。They're made frm plastic that is strng, recyclable, and super light.提到灾难避难所可以回收,但是灾难避难所的特点之一是很轻,所以B项错误。Called the Reactin Ex, these shelters are small, ne-rm huses that cmfrtably hld up t fur peple.提到灾难避难所小,故C项错误;虽然提到灾难避难所小,但没有提到易坏,故D项错误。
3.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句Speakers at recent TED events have shared simple and inexpensive slutins that can slve everyday prblems.可知,这篇文章的主要目的是介绍新发明。故选B项。A项(为了解释设计方法)、C项(为了报告研究发现)和D项(为最新产品打广告)都不是文章的写作意图。
【高频词汇】 1.slutin n.解决方案 2.plentiful adj.大量的;丰富的 3.available adj.可找到的 4.estimate v.估算
5.temprary adj.暂时的,临时的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位移居中国,并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学家在中国的一些事迹。
4.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Evans is a chemistry prfessr at Beijing University f Chemical Technlgy.”(埃文斯是北京化工大学的一名化学教授。)可知,戴维·埃文斯是一位化学老师。故选B。
5.A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Since 2011, Evans has turned t the Internet t ppularize science. ”(自2011年以来,埃文斯求助于互联网来普及科学。)和“Still, he thinks it's wrthwhile t fulfill his respnsibility t ppularize science.”(尽管如此,他认为履行普及科学的责任是值得的。)可知,埃文斯开始在互联网上发布实验视频是为了普及科学。故选A。B:为了获得荣誉;C:为了应用短视频应用程序;D:为了赚钱。
6.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 t attend a chemistry cnference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Prvince.”(他第一次访问中国大陆是在1987年,为了到江苏省南京市参加一个化学会议。)可知,1987年,埃文斯到中国参加了一个化学会议。故选C。由第三段中的“Evans has been interested in viewed it as a ‘cuntry full f mysteries’.”可知埃文斯认为中国是神秘的国家,而不是英国,故A项错误;由第三段中的“Evans has been interested in China since childhd. In the early first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987”可知,埃文斯第一次拜访中国大陆不是在童年时期,故B项错误;由第三段中的“He quit his jb in the United Kingdm and mved t Beijing in 1996.Many f his friends thught he was crazy.”可知,他的朋友不支持他移居北京,故D项错误。
7.C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Evans has psted vides f varius experiments. His mst ppular experiments have attracted millins f hits n vide-sharing apps.”(埃文斯上传了各种实验的视频。他最受欢迎的实验已经在视频分享应用程序上吸引了数百万点击量。)和最后一段中的“Evans says he lks frward t mre ‘chemical reactins’ with China.”(埃文斯说,他期待与中国发生更多的“化学反应”。)可推知,他将继续在中国发布更多的实验视频。故选C。文章中没有提到埃文斯了解如何变魔术,故A项错误;由第一段中的“The 60-year-ld always smiles ften.”可知B项(他是个严肃的科学家,很少笑。)错误;由第二段中的“His mst ppular experiments have attracted millins f hits n vide-sharing apps. Excited children's cheers and shuts can be heard in his vides.”及最后一段中的“His experiments always fill schls' lecture halls with laughter.”可知他的实验很受学生欢迎,D项(埃文斯的学生喜欢用笑声打断他的实验。)与原文表述不符,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.vernight adj.一夜之间的 2.celebrity n.名人;名誉 3.aruse vt.激起;唤醒 把……看成…… 5.quit v.放弃;退出 6.ptential n.潜能;潜力 adj.潜在的;潜能的 7.perfrm v.进行,履行 8.cnsiderable adj.相当多的
9.wrthwhile adj.值得的 10.fulfill v.履行,实现 11.barely adv.几乎不
长难句分析
原句 He perfrms experiments t spread knwledge, inspire thinking, remve misunderstandings and shw that science can create change.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是He,谓语是perfrms,t 是四个并列的不定式短语作目的状语;shw后是that引导的宾语从句。
句意 他做实验来传播知识,启发思考,消除误解,并证明科学可以带来改变。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,文章对几种社交媒体进行了详细的介绍。
1.C 下文对几种社交媒体进行了详细的介绍,所以这里应该进行一个总的介绍,C项“一般而言,有六种不同的社交媒体形式。”符合语境,故选C。
2.D 根据下文中的“This site allws peple t stay in tuch with friends, make new nes and jin cmmunities. Facebk is an example f this type.”可知这里的意思是“另外一种社交媒体是社交网站”,故选D。
3.A 根据上文中的“Many peple like t play games n the Internet and, yes, there are scial media games as well. These games allw gamers t interact with each ther and play with r against ther gamers.”可知这里在谈论电脑游戏,A项“《魔兽世界》就是一个很好的例子。”符合语境,故选A。
4.B 根据下文中的“It takes nly a few minutes t write a Twitter pst, fr example.”可知这里指社交媒体的内容创作得很快,B项符合语境,所以选B。
5.E 根据下文中的“But whatever yu might think, scial media is here t stay.”可知这里在表达对社交媒体的看法,E项“有些人认为社交媒体是好的,有些人认为社交媒体是不好的。”符合语境,故选E。
【高频词汇】 1.define vt.下定义 2.interact vi.互动 3.mstly adv.主要地;通常 4.stay in tuch with与……保持联络
长难句分析
原句 The final type f scial media is websites like Secnd Life,where peple can create avatars(化身)and use and create bjects, as if they were in the real wrld.
分析 本句是主从复合句,where peple can create avatars(化身)and use and create bjects...为where引导的定语从句;as if they were in the real wrld为as if引导的方式状语从句。
句意 最后一个类型的社交媒体是像Secnd Life一样的网站,在那儿人们可以创建化身,使用和创建物体,就像在现实世界中一样。