高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science同步达标检测题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science同步达标检测题，共17页。

1.A false step and the whle game becmes (被动的).
2.Chemistry is imprtant fr me because in the future I want t be a (化学家).
3.They have learned the (理论) seriusly, and put it int actin.
4.They were making effrts t prvide (准确的) weather frecasts during the Olympic Games.
5.It is a place yu have t visit and the (非凡的)view will make yu unwilling t leave.
6.Shakespeare is nt nly a great playwright but als a (才华横溢的)pet.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
be named after;be recgnised as;t date;due t;alng with
1.Her best perfrmance is her third place at the Wrld Junir Champinship.
2.I dream cnstantly that I, my classmates, will study happily with the help f the respectable prfessrs.
3.The street the famus Suth African leader, Nelsn Mandela.
4.Mst f them turned up n time; nly Tm arrived late the strm.
5.Nwadays, cycling, tgether with jgging and swimming, ne f the mst all-rund frms f exercise.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The discvery f the new drug is (significance) fr peple suffering frm heart disease.
2.The (rigin) Venice Carnival came t an end abut 200 years ag.
3.Hnestly speaking, it's my pwer t help yu slve such a difficult prblem.
4.It has helped me becme strnger, bth (mental) and physically.
5.Prfessr Wang said the reasn fr shrtsightedness is cmplicated and that there is still n excellent cure it.
6.Mre than 100 famus films (shw) in the city since July.
7.Three new schls (pen) in ur city in the past five years.
8.It's the first time that the ld cmputer (check) since I bught it.
9.Great changes (take) place in my hmetwn,where a lt f new huses (build).
10.With the prblem slved, the quality f ur prduct (imprve).
Ⅳ.将下面的句子改为被动语态
1.Up t nw, they have cmpleted tw-thirds f the prject.

2.The vlunteers have sent a huge amunt f teaching equipment t thse primary schls.

3.Since its pening, the museum has attracted ver 5 millin visitrs all ver the wrld.

4.James has cllected mre than 2,000 dllars in the past five mnths.

5.The researchers have prgrammed thse rbts t teach math lessns and answer questins in different languages.

Ⅴ.阅读短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式补全
短文
Have yu ever heard f Uluru? Actually, it 1 (call) Ayers Rck by sme peple, t. Lcated in the suthern part f the Nrthern Territry in central Australia, Uluru is a large sandstne rck frmatin. Uluru used t be pen t the public. Hwever, it 2 (clse) since Octber 26, 2019.In 1994, Uluru 3 (list) as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site. Besides, Uluru 4 (cnsider) a majr attractin fr decades and turists frm all ver the wrld 5 (attract) by it. It's said that the ban (禁令) 6 (annunce) in 2007 fr the first time and mst visitrs bserved it. Australia's turist assciatin said that the rck 7 (climb) by nly 16 percent f visitrs since 2017.A lcal man named Rameth Thmas explained t the BBC hw imprtant the rck is t the peple. “I 8 (tell) that the place is very sacred (神圣的) since I was a little by. Our stries are all n the rck,” said Thmas.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021河南郑州中牟高一下期中, )
Edmnd Halley was an English scientist wh lived ver 200 years ag. He studied the bservatins f cmets(彗星)which ther scientists had made. The rbit (轨道) f ne special cmet was a very hard mathematical (数学的) prblem. He culdn't wrk it ut. Neither culd ther scientists wh dealt with such prblems.
Hwever, Halley had a friend named Newtn, wh was an extrardinary mathematician. Newtn thught he had already wrked ut that prblem, but he culd nt find the paper n which he had dne it. He tld Halley that the rbit f the cmet had the shape f an ellipse (椭圆).
Halley set t wrk. He wrked ut the rbits f sme f the cmets that had been bserved by scientists. He made a surprising discvery. The cmets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same rbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 t 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange t Halley. The different cmets fllwed the same rbit. The mre Halley thught abut it, the mre he thught that there had nt been three different cmets, as peple thught. He decided that they had simply seen the same cmet three times. The cmet had gne away and had cme back again.
It was an astnishing idea!Halley felt certain enugh t make a predictin f what the cmet wuld happen in the future. He decided that this cmet wuld appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years t g befre Halley's predictin culd be tested. In 1758 the cmet appeared in the sky. Halley did nt see it, fr he had died sme years befre. Ever since then that cmet has been called Halley's Cmet, in his hnr.
1.Hw did Halley make his discvery?
A.By using the wrk f ther scientists.
B.Thrugh his wn careful bservatin.
C.By ding sme experiments secretly.
D.By figuring ut sme hard prblems.
2.When did Halley make an amazing, but right predictin?

A.In 1607. B.In 1682.
C.In 1705. D.In 1811.
3.What is this passage in general abut?
A.Halley and ther scientists.
B.The rbit f a cmet.
C.Newtn and Halley.
D.Halley and his discvery.
4.Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A.The rbit f a cmet was a rund shape.
B.Halley did nt live up t the year 1758.
C.Halley was an Australian mathematician.
D.Halley wrked ut the cmet's rbit first.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2021辽宁葫芦岛高一上期末, )
I have invented rbts that crawl(爬)thrugh pipes t check them fr damage. Tw f my 1 allw cars t be used as pwer plants n wheels. My lve f building things 2 when I was a kid. It wasn't until I leaned abut Thmas Edisn, thugh, that I really became excited abut inventing.
When I was in furth grade, ur teacher gave us a 3 . We had t write t a cmpany and learn abut the 4 it made. Each student wuld then give a reprt in frnt f the class. I 5 the Thmas A.Edisn Cmpany.
Sn after I wrte t the cmpany, ur mailman 6 a package t me. It cntained a bk abut the life f Thmas Edisn. Hw I 7 reading and rereading abut his inventins! The nes that impressed me mst were mvies, recrded sund and the electric light. Edisn became my her.
My dad nticed my interest in inventing and 8 me. He shwed me hw t turn my ideas int plans and, finally int new things.
Tgether, my dad and I repaired radis and televisins. Once, I surprised my dad with a 9 I made t adjust the brakes(刹车)f ur car. Later, we fund a similar tl in a stre. That's when I learned that 10 inventrs ften invent similar things. It is nt 11 fr this t happen. I learned, t, that nt all great ideas wrk. 12 is a cmmn part f the inventing prcess.
As my father and I wrked tgether, I began t 13 that my dad was quite an inventr himself. His guiding hands, cmbined with my 14 in inventing, led me t becme an engineer and inventr. But I am 15 t Thmas Edisn, t, fr first lighting that bulb(电灯泡)inside me.
B.experiments
C.inventins D.cnclusin
B.began
C.fade D.wn
B.lessn
C.surprise D.present
B.prducts
C.rders D.accunts
B.wned
C.started D.chse
B.ffered
C.delivered D.lent
B.minded
C.avided D.hated
B.blamed
C.cntrlled D.encuraged
B.prmise
C.mistake D.trick
B.different
C.great D.real
B.imprper
C.practical D.unusual
B.Failure
C.Happiness D.Wealth
B.suggest
C.realize D.cnsider
B.difficulty
C.experience D.interest
B.plite
C.related D.equal
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021云南玉溪一中高一下期末, )
Yuan Lngping, 1 (wide) knwn as “the father f hybrid rice”, died f illness in Changsha at 1:07 pm n May 22 2 the age f 91, accrding t the Xinhua News Agency.
Yuan, brn in September 1930, had helped China wrk a great wnder—feeding nearly ne-fifth f the wrld's ppulatin with less than 9 percent f the wrld's ttal land. Yuan has set multiple wrld recrds in hybrid rice yields, 3 (make) great cntributins t the fd security f China and the wrld. On September 17, 2019, Yuan 4 (award) the “Medal f the Republic”.
Althugh he was ne f China's mst famus scientists, Yuan Lngping cnsidered himself as 5 farmer, fr he wrked the land t d his 6 (agriculture) research. Indeed, his sunburnt face 7 his slim, strng bdy were just like thse f millins f Chinese farmers, fr whm he struggled till his 8 (die).
Yuan had tw dreams: the first dream is that peple can enjy the cl frm the shade f the rice 9 is strng and tall enugh. The 10 (tw) dream is that the whle wrld can plant the rice he develped and all the peple in the wrld are nt hungry.
Let's remember the great man.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.chemist 3.thery 4.accurate 5.extrardinary
6.brilliant
Ⅱ date 2.alng with 3.is named after 4.due t 5.is recgnised as
Ⅲ 考查词性转换。句意:这种新药的发现对心脏病患者来说很有意义。 此处作表语,因此用形容词形式。
2.riginal 考查词性转换。句意:最初的威尼斯狂欢节大约在200年前就结束了。修饰Venice Carnival用形容词,riginal意为“最初的”。
3.beynd 考查固定搭配。句意:诚实地讲,我没有能力帮你解决这么困难的问题。beynd ne's pwer超出某人的能力。
4.mentally 考查词性转换。句意:它帮助我在精神上和身体上都变得更加强大了。根据and physically可知答案为mentally。
5.fr 考查固定搭配。句意:王教授说近视的原因很复杂,还没有一种很好的治愈方法。a cure fr...……的治疗方法。
6.have been shwn 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:自从7月以来,100多部著名电影已经在这个城市上映了。 films与shw之间为被动关系,又根据时间状语 since July可知应用现在完成时的被动语态。
7.have been pened 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在过去的五年里,我市已经开办了三所新学校。schls与pen之间为被动关系,又根据时间状语in the past five years可知应用现在完成时的被动语态。
8.has been checked 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:自从我买了这台旧电脑以来,这是它第一次被检查。分析句子结构可知,that从句用现在完成时。cmputer与check之间为被动关系,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
9.have taken;have been built 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:我的家乡发生了很大的变化,建起了很多新房子。根据语境可知两个空用现在完成时,Great changes与take place为主动关系,因此第一空应用主动语态;huses与build之间是被动关系,所以第二空为have been built。
易错分析
第一空会错填have been taken。注意:happen、ccur、take place、break ut等为不及物动词(短语),它们不用于被动语态。
10.has been imprved 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:随着问题的解决,我们的产品质量已经得到了改善。根据句意可知此处应用现在完成时的被动语态,故填has been imprved。
Ⅳ t nw, tw-thirds f the prject has been cmpleted by them.
2.A huge amunt f teaching equipment has been sent t thse primary schls by the vlunteers.
3.Since its pening, ver 5 millin visitrs all ver the wrld have been attracted by the museum.
4.Mre than 2,000 dllars has been cllected by James in the past five mnths.
5.Thse rbts have been prgrammed by the researchers t teach math lessns and answer questins in different languages.
Ⅴ called 2.has been clsed 3.was listed 4.has been cnsidered 5.have been attracted 6.was annunced 7.has been climbed 8.have been tld
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈雷和他发现的哈雷彗星,以及发现并验证哈雷彗星的过程。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He studied the bservatins f cmets(彗星) which ther scientists had made.”可知,哈雷是借鉴其他科学家的成果而取得这一发现的。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He decided that this cmet wuld appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years t g befre Halley's predictin culd be tested.”可知,哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。故选C。
3.D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文介绍了哈雷以及他发现的哈雷彗星。故选D。
4.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In 1758 the cmet appeared in the sky. Halley did nt see it, fr he had died sme years befre.”可知,哈雷没有活到1758年。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.bservatin n.观察 2.deal with处理 3.wrk ut解决 4.apart adv.相距 5.predictin n.预测
长难句分析
原句 Newtn thught he had already wrked ut that prblem, but he culd nt find the paper n which he had dne it.
分析 本句为并列复合句,but前的分句为主从复合句,he had already wrked ut that prblem为省略that的宾语从句;but后的分句也是主从复合句,n which he had dne it为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,其先行词为paper。
句意 牛顿认为他已经解出了那道题,但是他找不到写有那道题的纸了。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者从小对发明感兴趣,通过做学习课题任务,他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下,他最终成了一名发明家。
1.C 我的两项发明可以让汽车成为车轮上的动力装置。根据第一句中的“have invented rbts”及下文内容可以看出inventins在此处符合语境。apprach方法;experiment试验;inventin发明;cnclusin结论。
2.B 我对创造东西的热爱始于我还是个孩子的时候。根据本空后的“when I was a kid”可知,此处指从孩子时“开始的”。 die死;begin开始;fade变淡;win赢得。
3.A 当我四年级的时候,我们的老师给了我们一个课题。根据下文可知,这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题。prject课题,项目;lessn教训,功课;surprise惊讶;present礼物。
4.B 我们必须写信给一家公司,了解他们生产的产品。根据下文作者收到的包裹里有“mvies, recrded sund and the electric light”可知此处指了解公司产品。decisin决定;prduct产品;rder顺序,命令;accunt记述,描述。
5.D 我选择了Thmas A. Edisn公司。根据本段内容可知,我们要了解公司产品,然后在班级里做报告,因此我“选择”了这家公司。jin加入,参加;wn拥有;start开始;chse选择。
6.C 我写信给公司后不久,邮递员给我送了一个包裹。由mailman可知delivered符合语境,指“邮递员派送包裹”。 pen打开;ffer提供;deliver递送;lend借出。
7.A 我是多么喜欢阅读和重读有关他的发明的故事啊!作者非常崇拜爱迪生,因此喜欢阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。enjy喜爱;mind介意;avid避开;hate厌恶。
8.D 我爸爸注意到我对发明的兴趣并鼓励我。根据下文“He shwed me hw t turn my ideas int plans and, finally int new things.”可推测爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。stp停止;blame责备;cntrl控制;encurage鼓励。
9.A 有一次,我用我自己做的一个调整刹车的工具给了我爸爸一个惊喜。根据下文“Later, we fund a similar tl in a stre.”可知我们在商店发现了类似的工具,因此此处指“工具”。tl工具;prmise许诺;mistake错误;trick诡计。
10.B 那时我才知道,不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。yung年轻的;different不同的;great伟大的;real真的。
11.D 这种情况并不罕见。作者在学习发明的过程中了解到,不同的发明家发明类似的东西,这种情况很常见。reasnable合情合理的;imprper不正确的;practical切合实际的;unusual不寻常的。
12.B 失败是发明过程中常见的一部分。根据上一句“I learned, t, that nt all great ideas wrk.”可知不是所有的很棒的想法都能实现,因此failure符合语境。imaginatin想象;failure失败;happiness幸福; wealth财富。
13.C 当父亲和我一起工作时,我开始意识到我父亲自己也是一个发明家。hpe希望;suggest建议;realize意识到;cnsider考虑。
14.D 有了他的指导,加上我对发明的兴趣,我成了一名工程师和发明家。根据文章开头的讲述可知,作者从小就对发明感兴趣。hnr荣誉;difficulty困难;experience经验,经历;interest兴趣。
15.A 但我也很感谢托马斯·爱迪生,是他第一次点亮了我内心的那盏灯。grateful感激的;plite有礼貌的;related有关系的;equal平等的。
【高频词汇】 1.impress v.使钦佩 2.adjust vt.调整 3.cmbine v.(使)联合,(使)结合
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了袁隆平的生平事迹。
1.widely 考查词性转换。句意:据新华社报道,被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平于5月22日下午1时07分在长沙病逝,享年91岁。作状语应用副词widely。
2.at 考查介词。句意同上题。at the age f...在……岁时。
3.making 考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平多次创下杂交水稻产量世界纪录,为中国和世界粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。分析句子可知,本空填非谓语动词,Yuan与make在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。
4.was awarded 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:2019年9月17日,袁隆平被授予“共和国勋章”。根据“On September 17, 2019”可知,本句为一般过去时,主语Yuan与award为被动关系, 故填was awarded。
5.a 考查冠词。句意:虽然袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一,但他认为自己是一个农民,因为他种田以进行他的农业研究。farmer为可数名词且以辅音音素开头,故填a。
6.agricultural 考查词性转换。句意同上题。修饰名词research应用形容词agricultural。
7.and 考查连词。句意:的确,他那被太阳晒黑的脸和他那瘦削而壮实的身体,就像千百万中国农民一样,他为他们奋斗到生命最后一刻。his sunburnt face 与 his slim, strng bdy为并列关系, 故填and。
8.death 考查词性转换。句意同上题。由his可知,此处应填名词,故填death。
9.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:袁隆平有两个梦想:第一个梦想是人们可以在足够高大结实的稻下乘凉。分析句子可知,rice为先行词,应用关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语,故用that或者which。
10.secnd 考查序数词。句意:第二个梦想是全世界都能种植他研发的水稻,世界上所有的人都不挨饿。由上文中的first可知,此处应用序数词,表示“第二”,故填secnd。
【高频词汇】 1.wnder n.奇迹;惊讶;惊奇 2.feed v.养活;喂养 3.security n.安全 4.struggle v.奋斗;努力;争取
长难句分析
原句 The secnd dream is that the whle wrld can plant the rice he develped and all the peple in the wrld are nt hungry.
分析 本句为主从复合句,that the whle wrld can plant the rice he develped and all the peple in the wrld are nt hungry为that引导的表语从句;he develped为定语从句,修饰先行词rice。
句意 第二个梦想是全世界都能种植他研发的水稻,世界上所有的人都不挨饿。