还剩8页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套英语新外研社选择性必修 第四册试卷巩固练习
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- Unit 5 Into the unknown Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 5 Into the unknown Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 5 Into the unknown Part 4-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 6 Space and beyond Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 6 Space and beyond Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第四册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown习题
展开
这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown习题，共11页。试卷主要包含了which 考查定语从句，Being 考查现在分词，beynd 考查介词，Hwever 考查副词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The huse is far t small fr us. (此外), it's nt clse enugh t the city.
2.The qualities are ging t carry yu frwards and (向上) and make yu gain success.
3.Chang'e 5 has finished gathering samples and packed them in a vacuum cntainer, and is cntinuing cllecting surface (substance).
4.As we knw, a micrmetre is ne thusandth f a m .
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
up t, at the rate f, as well as, beynd the reach f, be equivalent t,
1.She can read 100 wrds a minute.
2.She put the medicine n the tp shelf her sn.
3.Effrts are als urged t imprve access t reading services amng key grups, including rural migrant wrkers and their children, peple with disabilities.
4.After graduating frm university, I'll what I have learned everyday life.
5.Sme peple believe that being wealthy gaining success, but I dn't think s.
6.Parks, libraries, museums and theaters will be allwed t receive visitrs 75 percent f capacity.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Althugh wunded all ver his bdy, the brave sldier cntinued (fight).
2.As a matter f fact, scial netwrks ffer a windw hw peple live their lives.
3.China adpted the mst strict preventin and cntrl measures, achieving (nte) results.
4. (give) the number f peple we invited, I'm surprised that s few came.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.悬崖如此陡峭,无人敢尝试攀爬。
The cliff is n ne dares t make an attempt at climbing.
2.在此期间,平均每日乘客人数可能会超过4,123万人次。
the number f the average daily passenger will exceed 41.23 millin during the perid.
3.星期六晚上发射的货运飞船“天舟二号”与天和核心舱对接了。
Tianzhu 2, a carg spacecraft , dcked with the Tianhe cre mdule.
4.2019年1月,“嫦娥四号”成为第一个着陆月球远端的宇宙飞船。
Chang'e 4, in January 2019, became the first spacecraft the far side f the mn.
5.坐在前面的是一位老人,他给我们讲述了长征的故事。
wh tld us the stries abut the Lng March.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
All f the estimated three millin shipwrecks lying under waters acrss 1 glbe represent attempts ver the centuries 2 (explre) Earth's furthest crners. Amng these is the Esmeralda, the 3 (early) wreck frm the age f the Eurpean explratin f Asia.
As with the discvery f the Esmeralda, many archaelgical finds 4 (make) in shallw waters near the cast. Besides, amazing bilgical 5 (discvery) are als being made. The dark znes f the ceans may cntain up t 90 per cent f the planet's fish. These discveries all help us understand the capacity fr life n ur planet, even in the mst extreme circumstances. Furthermre, the ceans are a 6 (value) surce f natural resurces, sme f 7 are cmpletely new t us.
8 (be)a tugh envirnment f cmplete darkness, enrmus pressure and intense cld, the cean depths have lng been 9 the reach f human explratin. 10 , thrugh clser internatinal scientific, ecnmic and cultural cperatin, we are all becming part f a glbal missin t pen up ur planet's final frntier.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021甘肃兰州一中高二上期中,)
In September, a tragedy happened n the west cast f Tasmania, Australia. As many as 470 pilt whales became stranded (搁浅的) in shallw water there and later died. This might have been Australia's largest stranding event n recrd, the BBC reprted.
But mass whale stranding is nt uncmmn. Fr centuries, it has happened all ver the wrld and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is ften unknwn. But they have ffered many different explanatins.
Sme say the whales chase small fish fr fd and end up in shallw water because they are nt paying attentin t where they are ging.
Others think the stranding has smething t d with Earth's gemagnetic field. They say that a gemagnetic cmpass in whales' brains cntrls their psitin. Unusual changes in Earth's magnetic field can affect whales' cmpasses and send them in the wrng directin.
Anther explanatin suggests that mass stranding is caused by the clse relatinships that whales have. Pilt whales travel in large grups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whle grup t shallw water. “And if ne gets int truble, the thers will nt leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading bilgist frm New Zealand. “Sme will cme and try t help. They get trapped n the beach, and then mre will cme.”
The whales are trapped by mistake r ut f sympathy. Once they get stranded, they will likely die. Accrding t the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin f the US, less than 10 percent f all stranded whales survive.
1.What d we knw abut the stranding?
A.It happened n the east cast f Australia.
B.It is the wrld's first stranding event n recrd.
C.It caused the death f ver 400 pilt whales.
D.It brke a wrld recrd.
2.What des the underlined wrd “chase” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Run after.B.Give up.
C.Help with.D.Cmpete against.
3.Accrding t Gibney, what will ther whales d if their lead whale gets in truble?
A.They will change their directin.
B.They will stay and try t help it.
C.They will push it near the beach.
D.They will travel with anther grup.
4.What is the stry mainly abut?
A.Hw human activity has affected whales.
B.What might cause whales' stranding.
C.Hw whales find their directin while traveling.
D.What scientists are ding t save stranded whales.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中高二四校联考,)
Hllywd's thery that machines with evil minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just silly. 1 . In 1960, a well-knwn mathematician put it this way: “If we use, t achieve ur purpses, a mechanical agency whse peratin we cannt effectively cntrl, we had better be quite sure that the purpse that we put int the machine is the purpse which we really desire.”
2 . Fr the machine, this quality is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. S if we send ut a rbt t fetch cffee, it will secure success by disabling its wn ff switch r even killing anyne wh gets in the way. If we are nt careful, then, we culd face a kind f glbal chess match against super AI with the real wrld as the chessbard.
The pssibility f lsing such a match is alarming. Sme researchers argue that we can seal (密封) the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld. 3 . We have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines.
Slving the safety prblem seems t be pssible but nt easy. There are prbably decades in which t plan fr the arrival f super intelligent machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand, 4 . Sme argue that humans and machines can cexist wrking as a team—yet that's nt pssible unless machines share the gals f humans. Others say we can just “switch them ff” as if super intelligent machines are sitting ducks. Still thers think that super AI is a pipe dream. On September 11, 1933, a famus physicist stated, with cnfidence, “Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking nnsense.” 5 .
A.as it has been by sme AI researchers
B.Mrever, we have a firewall security prblem
C.Unfrtunately, that plan seems unlikely t wrk
D.because many AI researchers will figure ut a way
E.Hwever, n September 12, 1933, physicist Le Szilard did it
F.A purpse-driven machine has ne characteristic: a wish t preserve its wn existence
G.The real prblem is that AI may becme skilled at achieving smething ther than what we really want
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2020辽宁抚顺高二上期中,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It's nt easy t die when yu are nly fifteen. Thse were the wrds that began the stry I heard frm Rbert White, a Nrth Carlina factry wrker. He and his wife were visiting their daughter Lee in the hspital as they did every evening.
She knew she had an illness that wuld nt spare her. She suffered a lt but never cmplained. She had already accepted her great jurney int the unknwn. This particular evening, she suddenly said, “I always dreamed f wrking in a big cean park with dlphins. I've lved them since I was little. I still dream f swimming with them, free and happy in the pen sea.”
She'd never asked fr anything, but she said with all the strength she had,“Daddy, I want t swim in the pen sea amng the dlphins just nce. Maybe then I wuldn't be s scared f dying.” It seemed like an impssible dream, but she hung n t it.
Rbert and his family talked it ver and decided t d everything they culd. They phned a research center in the Flrida Keys.“Cme at nce,” they said.
When they arrived in Grassy Key, Lee didn't want t rest fr a minute and begged her parents t take her t the dlphins. Rbert tk her ut tward the dlphins, Nat and Tursi, wh were playing abut thirty feet away frm them. At first they seemed distracted and uninterested, but when Lee called them sftly by name, they respnded withut hesitatin. Nat came ver first, raised his head and gave her a kiss n the end f her nse. Then Tursi came ver happily. A secnd later they picked her up with their mighty fins (鳍) and carried her ut t sea with them. “It feels like I'm flying!” cried Lee, laughing with delight.
Lee's family hadn't heard her laugh like that since she became ill. The dlphins stayed with Lee fr mre than an hur, always tender, always attentive, and always respnsive t her wishes.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Maybe it's true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man.
Paragraph 2:
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father,
答案全解全析
Part 3 Develping ideas &Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.upwards 3.substances 4.millimetre
Ⅱ the rate f 2.beynd the reach f 3.as well as
4.apply;t 5.is equivalent t 6.up t
Ⅲ fight 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管浑身是伤,但是这位英勇的士兵依然继续战斗。cntinue ding sth./t d sth.继续做某事。
2.int 考查介词。句意:事实上,社交网络为了解人们如何生活提供了一个窗口。ffer a windw int...提供一个了解……的窗口。
3.ntable 考查形容词。句意:中国采取了最严格的预防和控制措施,取得了显著成效。results是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填ntable。
4.Given 考查介词。句意: 考虑到我们邀请的人数,来的人这么少真让我吃惊。此处given作介词,意为“考虑到,鉴于”。
Ⅳ sheer that 2.It is likely that 3.launched n Saturday evening 4.t land n 5.Ahead sat an ld man
Ⅴ 考查冠词。常用the glbe表示地球。
2.t explre 考查不定式。名词attempts后跟动词不定式作后置定语。
3.earliest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据语境和空前的the可知此处表示“最早的沉船”,因此用最高级。
4.are made 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。此处表示客观事实,因此用一般现在时;主语finds与make之间为被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是复数,谓语也应用复数。故填are made。
5.discveries 考查名词。设空处作句子主语,且空前有形容词bilgical修饰,表示“发现”,应用名词discvery;根据空后的are可知此处应用名词discvery的复数形式。故填discveries。
6.valuable 考查形容词。修饰名词surce应用形容词,表示“有价值的”,故填valuable。
7.which 考查定语从句。sme f are cmpletely new t us为定语从句,修饰先行词natural resurces,关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语,指物,关系词应用which。
8.Being 考查现在分词。句子主语the cean depths与be之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作状语。
9.beynd 考查介词。由语境可知,此处应用beynd,表示“超出”。beynd the reach f超出……的范围。
10.Hwever 考查副词。分析上下文可知空前后是转折关系,且由设空处后面的逗号可知,应用副词Hwever,表示“然而”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一起澳大利亚多达470头领航鲸搁浅的事件,这可能是澳大利亚有史以来最大的搁浅事件。科学家们对于大规模鲸鱼搁浅给出了不同解释。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As many as 470 pilt whales became stranded (搁浅的) in shallw water there and later died. (多达470头领航鲸在浅水区搁浅,随后死亡)”可知,这次搁浅导致了四百多头领航鲸死亡。故选C。根据第一段第一句In September, a tragedy happened n the west cast f Tasmania, Australia.可知,该事件发生在澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚岛西海岸,而不是澳大利亚的东海岸,故A项不正确;由第二段中的But mass whale stranding is nt uncmmn. Fr centuries, it has happened all ver the wrld可知,鲸鱼大规模搁浅并不罕见,世界各地都有发生,故B项不正确;第一段中的This might have been Australia?s largest stranding event n recrd说的是这可能是澳大利亚有记录的最大的搁浅事件,但不是世界上,故D项不正确。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“small fish fr fd and end up in shallw water”可知此处表示一些人认为鲸鱼是为了食物而追赶小鱼才最终在浅水区中搁浅的,由此推测画线词意思为“追赶”。run after追赶;give up放弃;help with帮助;cmpete against与……竞争。故选A。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘And if ne gets int truble, the thers will nt leave,’ said Sheryl Gibney, a leading bilgist frm New Zealand. ‘Sme will cme and try t help. They get trapped n the beach, and then mre will cme.’(新西兰著名生物学家Sheryl Gibney说:“如果其中一只陷入麻烦,其他的就不会离开。一些鲸鱼会来努力帮助,结果被困在海滩上,然后更多的鲸鱼会过来。”)”可知,根据Gibney的说法,如果一只领航鲸遇到麻烦,其他鲸鱼会留下来,并设法帮助它。故选B。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容(但大规模鲸鱼搁浅并不罕见。几个世纪以来,这种现象在世界各地都有发生,并困扰着科学家们。科学家说,原因通常是未知的。但他们给出了许多不同的解释)并综合全文其他部分来看,文章主要介绍了一起澳大利亚多达470头领航鲸搁浅的事件,科学家们对于大规模鲸鱼搁浅给出了不同解释。由此可知,文章主要讲了可能导致鲸鱼搁浅的原因。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.puzzle vt. 使困惑 n. 难题;谜;迷惑;拼图游戏
2.end up in 最终处于;最终成为 3.have smething t d with 与……有关 4.trap v. 陷入(困境);设圈套 n. 圈套;陷阱;困境
get trapped 被困住 5.by mistake 错误地 6.ut f sympathy 出于同情 7.survive vi. 活着;继续存在 vt. 幸免于难;存活;艰难度过;比……活得长 8.break a recrd 打破纪录
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人工智能(AI)随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。
1.G 根据上文Hllywd?s thery that machines with evil minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just silly. (好莱坞的有邪恶思想的机器将会驱动杀手机器人军队的理论是愚蠢的)和下文In 1960, a well-knwn mathematician put it this the purpse which we really desire.(1960年,一位著名数学家这样说:“如果我们为了达到我们的目的使用一个机械机构,而我们无法有效地控制它的运行,我们最好确信,我们使用这个机器的目的就是我们真正想要的目的。”)可知,本段是在说人工智能的问题。选项G“真正的问题是,人工智能可能会熟练地实现某个我们真正想要的东西以外的东西。”是下文“因真正想要的目的而使用机器”的原因。G项中的what we really want与空后的the purpse which we really desire对应,故选G。
2.F 设空处位于句首,是本段的主旨句。根据下文Fr the machine, this quality is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. (对于这种机器来说,这个特点是一个简单事实的逻辑结果,即如果机器死了,它就不能实现它的原始目的)中的this quality可知,设空处内容与介绍目的驱动型机器的特点有关,选项F“目的驱动型机器有一个特点:希望保持自己的存在。”符合题意。F项中的ne characteristic与下文的this quality对应,故选F。
3.C 根据上文Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld. (一些研究人员认为,我们可以把机器密封在防火墙里,永远不让它们影响现实世界)和下文We have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines. (我们还没有发明出一种能安全抵御普通人类的防火墙,更不用说超级智能机器了)可知,设空处上文提到了“把机器密封在防火墙里”这个计划,下文说的是目前这个计划的不可行性,由此可知设空处与这个计划有关,C项(遗憾的是,那个计划似乎不太可能奏效。)符合题意。C项中的that plan指的是上文的we can seal the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld,故选C。
4.A 根据下文Sme argue thers think that super AI is a pipe dream.可知,设空处下文讲述了研究员对人工智能问题的一些观点。根据上文Slving the safety prblem machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand (解决安全问题似乎是可能的,但并不容易。可能有几十年的时间来计划超级智能机器的到来。但这一问题不应被草率地拒绝)并分析选项可知选项A(就像一些人工智能研究人员所做的那样。)符合题意。故选A。
5.E 根据上文On September 11, 1933, a famus physicist stated, with cnfidence, “Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking nnsense.”(1933年9月11日,一位著名的物理学家自信地说:“任何希望在这些原子的转化中找到能量来源的人都是在胡说八道。”)并结合选项可知,选项E“然而,在1933年9月12日,物理学家Le Szilard做到了。”与上文形成转折,符合题意。故选E。
【高频词汇】 1.effectively adv. 有效地 2.cnsequence n. 结果;后果 3.secure v. 获得,实现;保护 adj. 安全的,稳妥的;可靠的 4.firewall n. 防火墙 5.let alne 更不用说 6.ut f hand 不假思索地(拒绝等);难以(或无法)控制 7.pipe dream 脱离实际的愿望;行不通的计划;妄想 8.with cnfidence 有信心地 9.figure ut 弄懂,弄清楚;计算
Ⅲ.【写作指导】
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Maybe it?s true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man. Thse amazing dlphins understd that Lee was dying and wanted t cmfrt her as she faced her great jurney int the unknwn. Frm the mment when the dlphins apprached her, greeting her with a kiss, they never left her alne fr a secnd. They swam with her and played with her. In their cmpany, Lee fund again the enthusiasm and the will t live. When she gt ut f the water, it was as if she had been rebrn.
Paragraph 2:
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father, “Daddy, dn?t be sad fr me. I will never be afraid again. It is nt easy t face death alne when I am nly fifteen, but the dlphins have made me understand that I have nthing t be scared f.” She had n strength t talk mre. Just befre dawn, Rbert?s little girl died in his arms, leaving great srrw fr her family. But the little girl?s attitude t death cmfrted her parents.When
when Lee is fifteen
Where
in the hspital, in a research center in the Flrida Keys
Characters
Lee and her parents, the wrkers in a research center in the Flrida Keys and the dlphins, Nat and Tursi
Reasn
Lee wanted t swim with dlphins.
Part 1
Lee得了重病,她有个愿望,就是和海豚一起游泳。
Part 2
她的父母帮助她实现了这个愿望。
Para. 1
Maybe it?s true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man.
①这些海豚如此表现的原因是什么?
②海豚对Lee的态度和表现对她有什么影响?(衔接第二段)
Para. 2
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father.
①Lee对她的父亲说了什么?
②面对死亡,Lee的想法有什么变化?
③面对这种变化,她的父母感受如何?
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The huse is far t small fr us. (此外), it's nt clse enugh t the city.
2.The qualities are ging t carry yu frwards and (向上) and make yu gain success.
3.Chang'e 5 has finished gathering samples and packed them in a vacuum cntainer, and is cntinuing cllecting surface (substance).
4.As we knw, a micrmetre is ne thusandth f a m .
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
up t, at the rate f, as well as, beynd the reach f, be equivalent t,
1.She can read 100 wrds a minute.
2.She put the medicine n the tp shelf her sn.
3.Effrts are als urged t imprve access t reading services amng key grups, including rural migrant wrkers and their children, peple with disabilities.
4.After graduating frm university, I'll what I have learned everyday life.
5.Sme peple believe that being wealthy gaining success, but I dn't think s.
6.Parks, libraries, museums and theaters will be allwed t receive visitrs 75 percent f capacity.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Althugh wunded all ver his bdy, the brave sldier cntinued (fight).
2.As a matter f fact, scial netwrks ffer a windw hw peple live their lives.
3.China adpted the mst strict preventin and cntrl measures, achieving (nte) results.
4. (give) the number f peple we invited, I'm surprised that s few came.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.悬崖如此陡峭,无人敢尝试攀爬。
The cliff is n ne dares t make an attempt at climbing.
2.在此期间,平均每日乘客人数可能会超过4,123万人次。
the number f the average daily passenger will exceed 41.23 millin during the perid.
3.星期六晚上发射的货运飞船“天舟二号”与天和核心舱对接了。
Tianzhu 2, a carg spacecraft , dcked with the Tianhe cre mdule.
4.2019年1月,“嫦娥四号”成为第一个着陆月球远端的宇宙飞船。
Chang'e 4, in January 2019, became the first spacecraft the far side f the mn.
5.坐在前面的是一位老人,他给我们讲述了长征的故事。
wh tld us the stries abut the Lng March.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
All f the estimated three millin shipwrecks lying under waters acrss 1 glbe represent attempts ver the centuries 2 (explre) Earth's furthest crners. Amng these is the Esmeralda, the 3 (early) wreck frm the age f the Eurpean explratin f Asia.
As with the discvery f the Esmeralda, many archaelgical finds 4 (make) in shallw waters near the cast. Besides, amazing bilgical 5 (discvery) are als being made. The dark znes f the ceans may cntain up t 90 per cent f the planet's fish. These discveries all help us understand the capacity fr life n ur planet, even in the mst extreme circumstances. Furthermre, the ceans are a 6 (value) surce f natural resurces, sme f 7 are cmpletely new t us.
8 (be)a tugh envirnment f cmplete darkness, enrmus pressure and intense cld, the cean depths have lng been 9 the reach f human explratin. 10 , thrugh clser internatinal scientific, ecnmic and cultural cperatin, we are all becming part f a glbal missin t pen up ur planet's final frntier.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021甘肃兰州一中高二上期中,)
In September, a tragedy happened n the west cast f Tasmania, Australia. As many as 470 pilt whales became stranded (搁浅的) in shallw water there and later died. This might have been Australia's largest stranding event n recrd, the BBC reprted.
But mass whale stranding is nt uncmmn. Fr centuries, it has happened all ver the wrld and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is ften unknwn. But they have ffered many different explanatins.
Sme say the whales chase small fish fr fd and end up in shallw water because they are nt paying attentin t where they are ging.
Others think the stranding has smething t d with Earth's gemagnetic field. They say that a gemagnetic cmpass in whales' brains cntrls their psitin. Unusual changes in Earth's magnetic field can affect whales' cmpasses and send them in the wrng directin.
Anther explanatin suggests that mass stranding is caused by the clse relatinships that whales have. Pilt whales travel in large grups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whle grup t shallw water. “And if ne gets int truble, the thers will nt leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading bilgist frm New Zealand. “Sme will cme and try t help. They get trapped n the beach, and then mre will cme.”
The whales are trapped by mistake r ut f sympathy. Once they get stranded, they will likely die. Accrding t the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin f the US, less than 10 percent f all stranded whales survive.
1.What d we knw abut the stranding?
A.It happened n the east cast f Australia.
B.It is the wrld's first stranding event n recrd.
C.It caused the death f ver 400 pilt whales.
D.It brke a wrld recrd.
2.What des the underlined wrd “chase” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Run after.B.Give up.
C.Help with.D.Cmpete against.
3.Accrding t Gibney, what will ther whales d if their lead whale gets in truble?
A.They will change their directin.
B.They will stay and try t help it.
C.They will push it near the beach.
D.They will travel with anther grup.
4.What is the stry mainly abut?
A.Hw human activity has affected whales.
B.What might cause whales' stranding.
C.Hw whales find their directin while traveling.
D.What scientists are ding t save stranded whales.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中高二四校联考,)
Hllywd's thery that machines with evil minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just silly. 1 . In 1960, a well-knwn mathematician put it this way: “If we use, t achieve ur purpses, a mechanical agency whse peratin we cannt effectively cntrl, we had better be quite sure that the purpse that we put int the machine is the purpse which we really desire.”
2 . Fr the machine, this quality is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. S if we send ut a rbt t fetch cffee, it will secure success by disabling its wn ff switch r even killing anyne wh gets in the way. If we are nt careful, then, we culd face a kind f glbal chess match against super AI with the real wrld as the chessbard.
The pssibility f lsing such a match is alarming. Sme researchers argue that we can seal (密封) the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld. 3 . We have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines.
Slving the safety prblem seems t be pssible but nt easy. There are prbably decades in which t plan fr the arrival f super intelligent machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand, 4 . Sme argue that humans and machines can cexist wrking as a team—yet that's nt pssible unless machines share the gals f humans. Others say we can just “switch them ff” as if super intelligent machines are sitting ducks. Still thers think that super AI is a pipe dream. On September 11, 1933, a famus physicist stated, with cnfidence, “Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking nnsense.” 5 .
A.as it has been by sme AI researchers
B.Mrever, we have a firewall security prblem
C.Unfrtunately, that plan seems unlikely t wrk
D.because many AI researchers will figure ut a way
E.Hwever, n September 12, 1933, physicist Le Szilard did it
F.A purpse-driven machine has ne characteristic: a wish t preserve its wn existence
G.The real prblem is that AI may becme skilled at achieving smething ther than what we really want
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2020辽宁抚顺高二上期中,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It's nt easy t die when yu are nly fifteen. Thse were the wrds that began the stry I heard frm Rbert White, a Nrth Carlina factry wrker. He and his wife were visiting their daughter Lee in the hspital as they did every evening.
She knew she had an illness that wuld nt spare her. She suffered a lt but never cmplained. She had already accepted her great jurney int the unknwn. This particular evening, she suddenly said, “I always dreamed f wrking in a big cean park with dlphins. I've lved them since I was little. I still dream f swimming with them, free and happy in the pen sea.”
She'd never asked fr anything, but she said with all the strength she had,“Daddy, I want t swim in the pen sea amng the dlphins just nce. Maybe then I wuldn't be s scared f dying.” It seemed like an impssible dream, but she hung n t it.
Rbert and his family talked it ver and decided t d everything they culd. They phned a research center in the Flrida Keys.“Cme at nce,” they said.
When they arrived in Grassy Key, Lee didn't want t rest fr a minute and begged her parents t take her t the dlphins. Rbert tk her ut tward the dlphins, Nat and Tursi, wh were playing abut thirty feet away frm them. At first they seemed distracted and uninterested, but when Lee called them sftly by name, they respnded withut hesitatin. Nat came ver first, raised his head and gave her a kiss n the end f her nse. Then Tursi came ver happily. A secnd later they picked her up with their mighty fins (鳍) and carried her ut t sea with them. “It feels like I'm flying!” cried Lee, laughing with delight.
Lee's family hadn't heard her laugh like that since she became ill. The dlphins stayed with Lee fr mre than an hur, always tender, always attentive, and always respnsive t her wishes.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Maybe it's true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man.
Paragraph 2:
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father,
答案全解全析
Part 3 Develping ideas &Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.upwards 3.substances 4.millimetre
Ⅱ the rate f 2.beynd the reach f 3.as well as
4.apply;t 5.is equivalent t 6.up t
Ⅲ fight 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管浑身是伤,但是这位英勇的士兵依然继续战斗。cntinue ding sth./t d sth.继续做某事。
2.int 考查介词。句意:事实上,社交网络为了解人们如何生活提供了一个窗口。ffer a windw int...提供一个了解……的窗口。
3.ntable 考查形容词。句意:中国采取了最严格的预防和控制措施,取得了显著成效。results是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填ntable。
4.Given 考查介词。句意: 考虑到我们邀请的人数,来的人这么少真让我吃惊。此处given作介词,意为“考虑到,鉴于”。
Ⅳ sheer that 2.It is likely that 3.launched n Saturday evening 4.t land n 5.Ahead sat an ld man
Ⅴ 考查冠词。常用the glbe表示地球。
2.t explre 考查不定式。名词attempts后跟动词不定式作后置定语。
3.earliest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据语境和空前的the可知此处表示“最早的沉船”,因此用最高级。
4.are made 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。此处表示客观事实,因此用一般现在时;主语finds与make之间为被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是复数,谓语也应用复数。故填are made。
5.discveries 考查名词。设空处作句子主语,且空前有形容词bilgical修饰,表示“发现”,应用名词discvery;根据空后的are可知此处应用名词discvery的复数形式。故填discveries。
6.valuable 考查形容词。修饰名词surce应用形容词,表示“有价值的”,故填valuable。
7.which 考查定语从句。sme f are cmpletely new t us为定语从句,修饰先行词natural resurces,关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语,指物,关系词应用which。
8.Being 考查现在分词。句子主语the cean depths与be之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作状语。
9.beynd 考查介词。由语境可知,此处应用beynd,表示“超出”。beynd the reach f超出……的范围。
10.Hwever 考查副词。分析上下文可知空前后是转折关系,且由设空处后面的逗号可知,应用副词Hwever,表示“然而”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一起澳大利亚多达470头领航鲸搁浅的事件,这可能是澳大利亚有史以来最大的搁浅事件。科学家们对于大规模鲸鱼搁浅给出了不同解释。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As many as 470 pilt whales became stranded (搁浅的) in shallw water there and later died. (多达470头领航鲸在浅水区搁浅,随后死亡)”可知,这次搁浅导致了四百多头领航鲸死亡。故选C。根据第一段第一句In September, a tragedy happened n the west cast f Tasmania, Australia.可知,该事件发生在澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚岛西海岸,而不是澳大利亚的东海岸,故A项不正确;由第二段中的But mass whale stranding is nt uncmmn. Fr centuries, it has happened all ver the wrld可知,鲸鱼大规模搁浅并不罕见,世界各地都有发生,故B项不正确;第一段中的This might have been Australia?s largest stranding event n recrd说的是这可能是澳大利亚有记录的最大的搁浅事件,但不是世界上,故D项不正确。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“small fish fr fd and end up in shallw water”可知此处表示一些人认为鲸鱼是为了食物而追赶小鱼才最终在浅水区中搁浅的,由此推测画线词意思为“追赶”。run after追赶;give up放弃;help with帮助;cmpete against与……竞争。故选A。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘And if ne gets int truble, the thers will nt leave,’ said Sheryl Gibney, a leading bilgist frm New Zealand. ‘Sme will cme and try t help. They get trapped n the beach, and then mre will cme.’(新西兰著名生物学家Sheryl Gibney说:“如果其中一只陷入麻烦,其他的就不会离开。一些鲸鱼会来努力帮助,结果被困在海滩上,然后更多的鲸鱼会过来。”)”可知,根据Gibney的说法,如果一只领航鲸遇到麻烦,其他鲸鱼会留下来,并设法帮助它。故选B。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容(但大规模鲸鱼搁浅并不罕见。几个世纪以来,这种现象在世界各地都有发生,并困扰着科学家们。科学家说,原因通常是未知的。但他们给出了许多不同的解释)并综合全文其他部分来看,文章主要介绍了一起澳大利亚多达470头领航鲸搁浅的事件,科学家们对于大规模鲸鱼搁浅给出了不同解释。由此可知,文章主要讲了可能导致鲸鱼搁浅的原因。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.puzzle vt. 使困惑 n. 难题;谜;迷惑;拼图游戏
2.end up in 最终处于;最终成为 3.have smething t d with 与……有关 4.trap v. 陷入(困境);设圈套 n. 圈套;陷阱;困境
get trapped 被困住 5.by mistake 错误地 6.ut f sympathy 出于同情 7.survive vi. 活着;继续存在 vt. 幸免于难;存活;艰难度过;比……活得长 8.break a recrd 打破纪录
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人工智能(AI)随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。
1.G 根据上文Hllywd?s thery that machines with evil minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just silly. (好莱坞的有邪恶思想的机器将会驱动杀手机器人军队的理论是愚蠢的)和下文In 1960, a well-knwn mathematician put it this the purpse which we really desire.(1960年,一位著名数学家这样说:“如果我们为了达到我们的目的使用一个机械机构,而我们无法有效地控制它的运行,我们最好确信,我们使用这个机器的目的就是我们真正想要的目的。”)可知,本段是在说人工智能的问题。选项G“真正的问题是,人工智能可能会熟练地实现某个我们真正想要的东西以外的东西。”是下文“因真正想要的目的而使用机器”的原因。G项中的what we really want与空后的the purpse which we really desire对应,故选G。
2.F 设空处位于句首,是本段的主旨句。根据下文Fr the machine, this quality is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. (对于这种机器来说,这个特点是一个简单事实的逻辑结果,即如果机器死了,它就不能实现它的原始目的)中的this quality可知,设空处内容与介绍目的驱动型机器的特点有关,选项F“目的驱动型机器有一个特点:希望保持自己的存在。”符合题意。F项中的ne characteristic与下文的this quality对应,故选F。
3.C 根据上文Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld. (一些研究人员认为,我们可以把机器密封在防火墙里,永远不让它们影响现实世界)和下文We have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines. (我们还没有发明出一种能安全抵御普通人类的防火墙,更不用说超级智能机器了)可知,设空处上文提到了“把机器密封在防火墙里”这个计划,下文说的是目前这个计划的不可行性,由此可知设空处与这个计划有关,C项(遗憾的是,那个计划似乎不太可能奏效。)符合题意。C项中的that plan指的是上文的we can seal the machines inside a firewall, never allwing them t affect the real wrld,故选C。
4.A 根据下文Sme argue thers think that super AI is a pipe dream.可知,设空处下文讲述了研究员对人工智能问题的一些观点。根据上文Slving the safety prblem machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand (解决安全问题似乎是可能的,但并不容易。可能有几十年的时间来计划超级智能机器的到来。但这一问题不应被草率地拒绝)并分析选项可知选项A(就像一些人工智能研究人员所做的那样。)符合题意。故选A。
5.E 根据上文On September 11, 1933, a famus physicist stated, with cnfidence, “Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking nnsense.”(1933年9月11日,一位著名的物理学家自信地说:“任何希望在这些原子的转化中找到能量来源的人都是在胡说八道。”)并结合选项可知,选项E“然而,在1933年9月12日,物理学家Le Szilard做到了。”与上文形成转折,符合题意。故选E。
【高频词汇】 1.effectively adv. 有效地 2.cnsequence n. 结果;后果 3.secure v. 获得,实现;保护 adj. 安全的,稳妥的;可靠的 4.firewall n. 防火墙 5.let alne 更不用说 6.ut f hand 不假思索地(拒绝等);难以(或无法)控制 7.pipe dream 脱离实际的愿望;行不通的计划;妄想 8.with cnfidence 有信心地 9.figure ut 弄懂,弄清楚;计算
Ⅲ.【写作指导】
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Maybe it?s true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man. Thse amazing dlphins understd that Lee was dying and wanted t cmfrt her as she faced her great jurney int the unknwn. Frm the mment when the dlphins apprached her, greeting her with a kiss, they never left her alne fr a secnd. They swam with her and played with her. In their cmpany, Lee fund again the enthusiasm and the will t live. When she gt ut f the water, it was as if she had been rebrn.
Paragraph 2:
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father, “Daddy, dn?t be sad fr me. I will never be afraid again. It is nt easy t face death alne when I am nly fifteen, but the dlphins have made me understand that I have nthing t be scared f.” She had n strength t talk mre. Just befre dawn, Rbert?s little girl died in his arms, leaving great srrw fr her family. But the little girl?s attitude t death cmfrted her parents.When
when Lee is fifteen
Where
in the hspital, in a research center in the Flrida Keys
Characters
Lee and her parents, the wrkers in a research center in the Flrida Keys and the dlphins, Nat and Tursi
Reasn
Lee wanted t swim with dlphins.
Part 1
Lee得了重病,她有个愿望,就是和海豚一起游泳。
Part 2
她的父母帮助她实现了这个愿望。
Para. 1
Maybe it?s true that they are mre intelligent and sensitive creatures than man.
①这些海豚如此表现的原因是什么?
②海豚对Lee的态度和表现对她有什么影响?(衔接第二段)
Para. 2
The next day she was t weak t get ut f bed, but she whispered t her father.
①Lee对她的父亲说了什么?
②面对死亡,Lee的想法有什么变化?
③面对这种变化,她的父母感受如何?
相关试卷
外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Space and beyond课后作业题： 这是一份外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Space and beyond课后作业题，共10页。
外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown测试题： 这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown测试题，共11页。
高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown巩固练习： 这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown巩固练习，共6页。试卷主要包含了词数100左右;，可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯， 多达,高达， 比如,诸如， 迄今为止等内容，欢迎下载使用。
