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- Unit 2 Out of this world Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
- Unit 2 Out of this world Part 4-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 4 次下载
- Unit 3 Back to the past Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 3 次下载
- Unit 3 Back to the past Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 3 次下载
- Unit 3 Back to the past Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
Unit 2 Out of this world 达标检测-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）
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这是一份Unit 2 Out of this world 达标检测-2022版英语选择性必修第三册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共22页。
Unit 2 Out of this world
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The New York Aquarium offers diverse sea animals and nice viewing experience to all our guests. Whether you’re observing penguins, swimming underwater to look at coral reefs (珊瑚礁), or cheering for California sea lions at the theater, you’ll find plenty to see and do during your visit. Your underwater adventure is waiting for you! This summer, go to Coney Island to learn about the underwater world at the New York Aquarium.
Just off Coney Island in Brooklyn, the New York Aquarium features more than 300 marine (海生的) species, such as dolphins and seals. Meet some of our mammals and fish, and learn something useful about them.
Summer hours
May 28—Sept.5
10:00 am—6:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—7:00 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Fall hours
Sept.6—Nov.6
10:00 am—5:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—5:30 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Winter hours
Nov.7—Mar.31
10:00 am—4:30 pm,Daily
Spring hours
Apr.1—May 27
10:00 am—5:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—5:30 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Total Experience Ticket
Adult $18.00
Child (Aged 3—12) $14.00
Senior (65+) $15.00
Group (at least ten visitors) $8.00 per person
*Include admission to our 4D Theater plus general admission.
*Children under 3 are free!
*To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group’s visit. Please call 718-741-1818.
A Special on Friday Afternoon
Admission on Fridays beginning at 3:00 pm is by donation. The suggested donation is $13 for adults, $9 for children, and $10 for seniors. Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium.
Aquarium Parking
Car $13.00
Bus $13.00
Please note:
*Due to rising costs, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) reserves the right to change all fees without notice.
*All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair.
*For further information, please call 718-265-3454.
1.Six adults (including a man of 68) and two children (aged 2 and 10) are going to visit the New York Aquarium on Sunday. They will have to pay .
A.$144 B.$133
C.$119 D.$160
2.What is the donation used for?
A.To help the people in need.
B.To help the disabled visitors.
C.To care for animals at the aquarium.
D.To help to save the endangered animals in the world.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Visitors can enjoy free parking service on Friday.
B.You can visit the New York Aquarium at 5:30 pm on Christmas.
C.A visitor in a wheelchair can get around at the New York Aquarium.
D.To enjoy the group rate, visitors must reserve tickets two weeks in advance.
B
Katherine Johnson whose life was described in the movie Hidden Figures died on February 24, 2020, aged 101. The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician who joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led a mission to put the first man on the moon in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread.
“NASA is deeply saddened by the loss of a leader from our pioneering days,” said NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine on the webpage of NASA.“Ms. Johnson helped our nation enlarge the frontiers (边界) of space and she also played an important role in opening doors for women and people of color to explore space. At NASA we will never forget her courage, leadership and the achievements we could not have reached without her.”
Johnson was born in West Virginia in 1918. She graduated from West Virginia State University as a mathematics major and became a teacher at a public school. She was also the first African-American woman to attend graduate school in mathematics at West Virginia University. But less than one year later, she left school to focus on raising children.
Her life changed in 1952 after a long career break. A relative told her about open positions at the all-black West Area Computing section at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics’s Langley laboratory, and she began to work at Langley the next year. NASA depended on humans for complicated aerospace (航空航天) calculation as there was no high-functioning electronic computer. Female mathematicians usually took the job as their salary was lower. Johnson was one of those African-American human computers.
Johnson was initially in charge of aerospace analysis and assigned to a space development mission launched in 1958. Then she worked for the 1961 suborbital (亚轨道的) flight of astronaut Alan Shepard and the 1962 orbital flight of John Glenn. Johnson continued to participate in missions after she retired in 1986. Her hidden achievements were finally publicized when former U.S. President Barack Obama granted her the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015 and her dramatic life was made into a movie.
4.What did Bridenstine’s words in the second paragraph mainly want to tell us?
A.NASA’s appreciation for Johnson’s leadership.
B.All Americans’ regret at Johnson’s death.
C.Johnson’s contributions to space exploration.
D.NASA’s achievements in space exploration.
5.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Johnson used to work in a private school.
B.Johnson worked in the aerospace industry for at least 33 years.
C.Johnson starred in the movie Hidden Figures.
D.Johnson was the first woman to attend graduate school in the U.S.
6.Why did NASA depend on humans for complex aerospace calculation?
A.It was cheaper to hire humans.
B.The computers at that time weren’t advanced enough.
C.It couldn’t afford to buy electronic computers.
D.In terms of calculation, humans were more accurate than computers.
7.What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?
A.To promote Hidden Figures.
B.To highlight the greatness of women.
C.To honor the great mathematician, Katherine Johnson.
D.To tell readers about Johnson’s lifetime achievements.
C
SpaceX, Elon Musk’s rocket company, launched the newly designed Crew Dragon capsule, carrying four astronauts to space on Nov. 16. The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the International Space Station (ISS) on Nov. 17.
This is the first time that NASA has sent a crew into orbit entirely via a privately-owned spacecraft. “It’s the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers,” NASA said. NASA’s commercial manned program has taken a lot of risks. Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress.
Before the launch, NASA had cooperated with SpaceX for more than a decade to build a manned spacecraft. Back in 2014, NASA was facing a vital decision—choosing the finalists to complete the task of developing alternative space shuttles. Eventually, it came down to Boeing and SpaceX. There was fierce competition between the two companies to complete the mission.
In December 2019, Boeing’s manned spaceship, CST-100 Starliner, went through a test flight, but due to multiple errors, it failed to reach the ISS. The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn’t flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule’s pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn’t affected.
In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. The company will conduct another unmanned flight in 2021, and its first manned mission will take place sometime in 2022. “It very much follows the aviation (航空) era when airliners used to be government-run, and now of course they’ve been commercial for a number of decades,” said one of the Dragon capsule crew members.
8.What is the significance of the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule?
A.It carried four astronauts into space.
B.It successfully docked with the International Space Station.
C.It sent ordinary people to space for the first time.
D.It marks the beginning of spaceflight being conducted by commercial providers.
9.What’s the main factor contributing to the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule?
A.SpaceX’s long-term cooperation with NASA.
B.Boeing’s failure in the test flight due to multiple errors.
C.SpaceX’s sufficient funding.
D.The timely settlement of the technical difficulties.
10.What does the underlined “It” refer to in Paragraph 5?
A.The Crew Dragon capsule was launched by SpaceX.
B.Commercial space exploration.
C.The competition between Boeing and SpaceX.
D.Commercial airliners.
11.Which one can be the best title for this passage?
A.The manned spacecraft was launched
B.Spaceflight goes commercial
C.NASA faces lots of risks
D.SpaceX leads the way in spaceflight
D
Artemis is NASA’s new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.
NASA’s new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock (对接) Orion at a small spaceship called Gateway, from where the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to Gateway. The crew will return to the Earth aboard Orion.
NASA will test the rocket and spacecraft in flight, and then send a crew for a test flight:
Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft and with no crew.
Artemis 2 will launch the SLS rocket and Orion with a crew, which will fly past the Moon, then circle it and return to the Earth. This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space.
Artemis 3 will send a crew,including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024. The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon’s South Pole. No one has ever been there.
At the Moon, astronauts will:
Search for the Moon’s water and use it.
Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days’ flight from home.
Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up-to-three-year round trip.
The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, the Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.
12.What is the aim of the Artemis program?
A.To help astronauts return to the Earth.
B.To be ready for the landing on Mars.
C.To study Mars using new science.
D.To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion.
13.Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series?
A.Going to the Moon’s South Pole.
B.Making the fastest trip into space.
C.Sending the first man to the Moon.
D.Flying to the Moon with three persons.
14.What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon?
A.Send astronauts to Mars.
B.Run a three-year-long test.
C.Find and make use of water.
D.Learn to live not far from home.
15.What can we conclude from the text?
A.It is possible to live on another planet now.
B.The crew will reach the lunar surface by Orion.
C.NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon.
D.The Artemis program is of great help to Mars exploration.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life isn’t always a walk in the park. 16 These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little better, and now you can, too.
1. They turn mistakes into lessons.
17 While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart, focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive.
2. They go offline.
Addiction to social media sites is a bad habit, and looking at pictures of other people’s amazing vacations and delicious desserts isn’t doing anything for you. Make a promise to yourself to remove them every day—you can read a book or call a friend. 18
3. They ignore the small stuff.
Bad days happen. 19 You accidentally fall over a banana skin...There are plenty of cases where anger, disappointment, and anxiety are totally reasonable reactions, but they don’t have to be your final reactions. Learning to let go of the little things you can’t control will allow you to focus better on the positive aspects of life.
4.They plan trips.
Even if you can’t afford an overseas trip, there are plenty of affordable ways to get out there and see the world. Experiencing a new culture or food or a change in scenery is a great way to bring a little extra happiness into your life.
5. 20
Instead of waiting for opportunities to fall into your lap, take control. Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded.
A.They ignore risks.
B.They take chances.
C.Mistakes are an inevitable part of life.
D.So how do happy people get through a rough day?
E.You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door.
F.So who can you turn to for help when you plan trips?
G.Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
What is the most fun you can have in 21 hours and 23 minutes? On 15 October 2003, Yang Liwei answered this question. His 21 in space took him 600,000 kilometers in orbit, around the earth 14 times, in just over 21 hours. It made him China’s first astronaut in space. He had worked towards this 22 for many years.
Born in 1965, Yang had wanted to 23 since he was a young boy. His friends and teachers have all said that he loved science and technology from a young age. He always had a(n) 24 of flying.
In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school. He 25 in 1987 and became a pilot. In 1998, he 26 to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhou. He was one of the only 14 27 from 1,500 candidates(候选人). The team spent the next five years being trained. They not only studied all the subjects 28 to be an astronaut, but also learned 29 skills and all about how spaceships and rockets are built. Yang scored among the very 30 in everything the group studied.
In September 2003, only three out of the 14 candidates were 31 for the Chinese space adventure, and Yang was one of them. He took all kinds of tests to 32 he was fit for this important task. 33 he did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance.
In the end, Yang was indeed a success. His name will go down in history. The people of China can be 34 of him and young people all over the world 35 him as an example of a man who managed to fulfil his dream.
21.A.sailing B.voyage
C.walk D.leap
22.A.goal B.idea
C.risk D.reward
23.A.explore B.operate
C.compete D.fly
24.A.dream B.chance
C.opinion D.schedule
25.A.dropped B.survived
C.graduated D.succeeded
26.A.wanted B.hoped
C.deserved D.applied
27.A.got B.taken
C.selected D.kept
28.A.required B.added
C.simplified D.released
29.A.walking B.communication
C.management D.survival
30.A.altitude B.middle
C.top D.bottom
31.A.designed B.picked
C.coached D.praised
32.A.prove B.admit
C.expect D.mention
33.A.Although B.Because
C.Unless D.When
34.A.confident B.proud
C.afraid D.ashamed
35.A.get along with B.care about
C.deal with D.look up to
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China successfully launched its Chang’e 5 lunar probe,named 36 an ancient Chinese moon goddess, 37 (bring) lunar soil and rock samples back to Earth. The unmanned Chang’e 5 probe collected as heavy as 4.4 pounds of lunar samples from a 38 (previous) unvisited area on the moon. The mission makes China the third country, after the US and the Soviet Union, to have collected samples from the moon.
The Chinese moon program, 39 displays one of the strengths of China’s approach to space exploration, 40 (begin) with the Chang’e 1 orbiter’s launch. China was late for the space race, 41 it has caught up fast in the past few years. 42 return of new samples has filled a major gap in our understanding of how the moon developed and helped China decide whether 43 (it) future missions on other planets are practical.
The famous Chang’e 5 lunar mission is part of the three-phase Chinese Lunar Exploration Program 44 (run) by the Chinese government, and is a 45 (prepare) for sending taikonauts to the moon in the future, perhaps around 2030.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
中国首个火星探测器(Mars Probe) “天问一号” (Tianwen 1)于2020年7月23日成功发射;2021年5月,“天问一号”抵达火星。请你以“China launched the first Mars probe”为题为校报英文版写一篇英文报道,内容包括:
1.“天问一号”成功发射;
2.你的感想。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A little boy and his grandmother came to see Santa at the Mayfair Mall in Wisconsin. The child climbed up on Santa Claus’s lap holding a picture of a little girl.
“Who is this?” asked Santa, smiling. “Your friend? Your sister?”
“Yes, Santa,” he replied.
“My sister, Sarah, who is very sick,” the boy said sadly.
Santa glanced at the grandmother who was waiting nearby and saw her wiping her eyes with a tissue.
“She wanted to come with me to see you very much, Santa!” the child shouted.
“She misses you,” he added softly.
Santa tried to cheer the boy up, asking him what he wanted Santa to bring him for Christmas.
When they finished their talk, the grandmother came over to help the child get off Santa Claus’s lap, and started to say something to Santa, but halted (停顿).
“What is it?” Santa asked warmly.
“Well, I know it’s really too much to ask you, Santa, but...the girl in the photograph is my granddaughter. You see... she has leukemia(白血病)and isn’t expected to make it even through the holiday,” she said with tear-filled eyes. “Is there any way, Santa, any possible way that you could come to see Sarah?”
All she had asked for, for Christmas, was to see Santa.
Santa blinked, swallowed hard and told the woman to leave information with his elves(小精灵)as to where Sarah was,saying he would see what he could do. Santa thought of nothing else for the rest of that afternoon. “What if it were my child lying in that hospital bed, dying?” he thought with a sinking heart.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Santa knew what he had to do.
Paragraph 2:
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said, “Hi, Santa! Remember me?”
答案全解全析
Unit 2 Out of this world
单元达标检测
1.C
2.C
3.C
4.C
5.B
6.B
7.C
8.D
9.D
10.B
11.B
12.B
13.A
14.C
15.D
16.D
17.C
18.G
19.E
20.B
21.B
22.A
23.D
24.A
25.C
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.D
30.C
31.B
32.A
33.A
34.B
35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,详细介绍了纽约水族馆提供的各种服务、相关的信息以及收费情况。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Total Experience Ticket部分可知,周日,六名成年人(包括一名68岁的男子)和两名儿童(2岁和10岁)要参观纽约水族馆,他们将支付18×5+15+14=119美元。故选C。
2.C 细节理解题。根据A Special on Friday Afternoon部分中“Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium. (你捐出的每一美元都将用于支持我们在水族馆照顾动物的工作)”可知,捐款的用途是照顾水族馆的动物。故选C。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair.(该水族馆内的所有建筑和展览会都可乘坐轮椅进入)”可知,坐在轮椅上的游客可以在纽约水族馆游览。故选C。Aquarium Parking部分并未提及周五有免费停车服务,所以A项说法错误。根据常识可知,圣诞节在冬季,根据时间表中的“Winter hours Nov.7—Mar.31 10:00 am—4:30 pm,Daily”可知,B项说法不正确。根据Total Experience Ticket部分的“To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group’s visit.(要享受团体价格,您必须在团体参观前至少两周预订)”可知,是至少提前两周预订,而不是必须提前两周预订,D项说法错误。
【高频词汇】 1.diverse adj.多种多样的 2.feature v.以……为特色 3.senior n.老年人 4.admission n.入场费;门票价格;准入 5.reservation n.预订;预约 6.donation n.捐款 7.accessible adj.可进入的;可到达的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了2020年2月24号美国太空探索的幕后功臣凯瑟琳·约翰逊去世,享年101岁,并讲述了凯瑟琳·约翰逊对美国太空探索的贡献以及她的传奇经历。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段Bridenstine的话可知,凯瑟琳·约翰逊帮助美国扩大了太空领域的边界。她在为女性和有色人种探索太空打开大门方面起了重要的作用。在美国国家航空航天局,人们永远不会忘记她的勇气和领导能力,还有那些没有她美国国家航空航天局就不会取得的成就。这主要是在讲述凯瑟琳·约翰逊在太空探索方面做出了很大的贡献。故选C。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“She graduated from West Virginia State University as a mathematics major and became a teacher at a public school.(她毕业于西弗吉尼亚州立大学,主修数学,毕业后在一所公立学校教书。)”可知,她是在公立学校而不是私立学校教书,故A选项错误;根据第四段第一句“Her life changed in 1952 after a long career break.(在长期职业生涯中断后,她的人生在1952年发生了变化。)”以及后文中“she began to work at Langley the next year(她第二年开始在兰利工作)”和第五段中的“Johnson continued to participate in missions after she retired in 1986. (约翰逊在1986年退休后继续参加任务。)”可知,她1953年开始做航天工作,1986年退休,工作了至少33年。故选B。根据第一段第一句“Katherine Johnson whose life was described in the movie Hidden Figures died on February 24, 2020, aged 101.(凯瑟琳·约翰逊在2020年2月24号去世,享年101岁,《隐藏人物》这部电影描述了她的人生。)”可知,这部电影讲述了她的人生故事,而不是她主演了这部电影,故C选项错误;根据第三段第三句“She was also the first African-American woman to attend graduate school in mathematics at West Virginia University.(她是西弗吉尼亚大学研究生院数学系的第一个非裔美国女性。)”可知,她不是美国第一位读研的女性,D选项错误。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“NASA depended on humans for complicated aerospace (航空航天) calculation as there was no high-functioning electronic computer.(美国国家航空航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算,因为没有高功能的电子计算机。)”可知美国国家航空航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算主要是因为那时候的计算机还不够先进。故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,凯瑟琳·约翰逊在2020年2月24号去世,享年101岁,《隐藏人物》这部电影描述了她的人生。这部2016年的电影描述了一位非裔美国女数学家的真实故事,她加入了美国国家航空航天局并且在20世纪50年代种族歧视很普遍的情况下领导了把第一个人送上月球的任务。由此推断作者想通过这篇文章缅怀凯瑟琳·约翰逊。故选C。A项(为了推广《隐藏人物》)和B项(为了突出女性的伟大)通过文章内容可直接排除;D项(为了告诉读者约翰逊一生的成就)表述过于片面,文章不单是为了展示约翰逊的成就。
【高频词汇】 1.mathematician n.数学家 2.sadden v.使悲伤;使难过 3.enlarge v.扩大 4.major n.主修学生;专业课
5.complicated adj.复杂的 6.calculation n.计算 7.initially adv.最初 8.assign v.分配;指派 9.participate in参加
10.grant v.给予;授予
长难句分析
原句 The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician who joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led a mission to put the first man on the moon in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主句为The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词mathematician,定语从句中含有and连接的两个并列的谓语,in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread为时间状语。
句意 这部2016年的电影描述了一位非裔美国女数学家的真实故事,她加入了美国国家航空航天局并且在20世纪50年代种族歧视很普遍的情况下领导了把第一个人送上月球的任务。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了美国商业宇宙飞船首次成功载人上天,这是一个开端,开启了商业航天的新时代。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers,” NASA said. (美国国家航空航天局表示:“这是一个新时代的开始,在这个时代里,宇航员到近地轨道的例行旅行正在由商业供应商进行。”) 可知,“天龙号”飞船的成功发射标志着商业供应商开始进行太空飞行。故选D项。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn’t flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule’s pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn’t affected. (一位美国国家航空航天局的官员说,最近“天龙号”飞船的发射也不是完美无缺的,在发射前不到两小时,一次空气泄漏导致太空舱压力意外下降。多亏了技术人员,发射没有受到影响。)可知,成功发射“天龙号”飞船的主要因素是技术难题得到了及时的解决。故选D项。
10.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. (在将要到来的一年,美国演员汤姆·克鲁斯将乘坐“天龙号”飞船太空舱开始商业太空旅行,并在国际空间站拍摄一部电影。与此同时,波音公司正在迎头赶上。)可知,It指的是“商业化的太空探索”。故选B项。
11.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了美国商业宇宙飞船成功载人上天,这是一个开端,开启了商业航天的新时代,因此本文的最佳标题为选项B“航天飞行变得商业化”。A.发射了载人宇宙飞船;C.NASA面临很多风险;D.SpaceX在太空飞行方面领先。这三项均不是本文要表达的主旨。
【高频词汇】 1.commercial adj.商业的 2.vital adj.至关重要的 3.finalist n.参加决赛者 4.alternative adj.可供选择/替代的 5.fail to do sth.没能做某事;未做成某事 6.flawless adj.完美的;无瑕疵的 7.technician n.技师;技术员 8.film v.拍摄(电影) 9.catch up赶上
长难句分析
原句 Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress.
分析 本句为主从复合句。Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term和whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties是由and连接的两个并列的主语从句。
句意 从长远来看资金是否充足以及这些公司是否有能力解决所有的技术难题受到美国国会的反复质疑。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了美国国家航空航天局新的月球探测计划。这次月球探索任务将为火星任务做准备。
12. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.(通过Artemis计划,美国国家航空航天局将使用新技术以新的和更好的方式研究月球,并为人类前往火星的任务做好准备)可知,Artemis计划的目的是为登上火星做准备。故选B。
13.A 细节理解题。根据第六段的The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon’s South Pole. No one has ever been there.可知,Artemis 3的工作人员将参观月球的南极,从来没有人去过那里。故选A。根据第五段中的This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space. (这将是人类进入太空最远的一次旅行)可知,B项(进行进入太空的最快的旅行)说法不正确。根据第六段中的Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024. (Artemis 3将在2024年前派出一支包括第一位女性宇航员和一位黑人宇航员在内的队伍登陆月球)可知,C(送第一个男性到月球上去)、D(和三个人飞往月球)说法均不正确。
14.C 细节理解题。根据At the Moon, astronauts will: Search for the Moon’s water and use it.可知,在月球上宇航员将寻找水并使用它。故选C。根据倒数第二段Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up-to-three-year round trip. (在送宇航员去火星执行往返行程可能长达三年的任务之前,测试我们需要的技术。)可知,送宇航员去火星并不是在月球上要做的事情,在月球上只是测试一些所需要的技术,所以A项说法不正确。 倒数第二段中的which can take an up-to-three-year round trip所修饰的是sending astronauts on missions to Mars,并不是要在月球上进行三年的测试。所以B项说法不正确。倒数第三段提到Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days’ flight from home.(学习如何在另一个离宇航员家只有三天航程的天体表面生活和工作。),虽然只有三天的航程,但地球到月球的距离不能称之为近,D项(学会在离家不远的地方生活)说法不正确。
15. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.(月球是火星的“试验台”。月球是一个表明宇航员有一天能够在火星上长时间远离地球工作的地方)并结合上文可知,Artemis计划对火星探索有很大帮助。故选D。A项(现在有可能生活在另一个星球上。)文中未提及,且结合常识可排除;根据第二段第一、二句可知,宇航员登陆月球表面是通过Gateway, 而不是Orion。所以B项说法错误。根据第六段的Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024.可知,并不是NASA已经将第一位女宇航员送上了月球。所以C项说法错误。
【高频词汇】 1.mission n.任务;使命 2.orbit n.轨道
3.crew n.全体工作人员;全体船员 4.circle v.环绕
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,给读者介绍了可以让生活变得更好的一些建议。
16.D D项So how do happy people get through a rough day?(那么快乐的人是如何度过糟糕的一天的呢?)与下文These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little better(这些小建议就是快乐的人为了让生活变得更好一点所做的一些小事)承接自然,选项提出问题,下文回答问题,且两句中的happy people为原词复现,故选D项。
17.C C项Mistakes are an inevitable part of life.(错误是生活中不可避免的部分)符合本段标题They turn mistakes into lessons.(他们把错误变成教训。),故选C项。
18.G G项Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs.(仅仅远离网络就能让你过自己的生活,而不是看着别人过他们的生活)符合本段标题They go offline.(他们不上网),故选G项。
19.E E项You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door.(跑出门前你把咖啡洒在了衬衫上)与下文You accidentally fall over a banana skin(你意外被香蕉皮滑倒)承接自然,两句都具体讲述了生活中不如意的事情,故选E项。
20.B 根据Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded.(让自己走出去可能会让你觉得是挑战,但是一旦冒险了,你就肯定会得到回报)可知,本段主要讲要勇于冒险,B项They take chances.(他们冒险)可以作为本段标题,故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.turn...into...把……变成…… 2.fall apart破裂
3.addiction n.上瘾 4.stuff n.东西;事情;原料 5.let go of放开;松手
长难句分析
原句 While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart, focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive.
分析 本句为主从复合句。While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart为让步状语从句,其中,when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart为时间状语从句。focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive为主句,其中,what went wrong为宾语从句,作介词from的宾语。
句意 尽管当一份新工作不顺利或一段关系破裂时,(你)很容易感到沮丧,但专注于从错误中吸取教训将帮助你把一个错误转变成富有成效的事情。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文主要讲述了中国首位成功进入太空的宇航员杨利伟的事迹和成就。
21.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的太空之旅带他在轨道上飞行了60万公里,环绕地球14圈,只用了21个多小时。sailing(乘船)航行;voyage航行,航海,航天;walk步行;leap跳跃。根据下文可知杨利伟是中国首位进入太空的宇航员,因此这里指去太空的航行,故选B。
22.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他为这个目标奋斗了许多年。goal目标;idea主意,想法;risk风险,危险;reward回报,报酬,奖励。上文提到他成为中国首位进入太空的宇航员,所以这里应该指目标,故选A。
23.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:杨利伟出生于1965年,他从小就想要飞行。根据上文说他为了进入太空这一目标奋斗以及下文中的flying可知,这里应该是指他从小就想要飞行,故选D。
24.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文他为这个目标奋斗了许多年可知他一直梦想着飞上太空。故选A。
25.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school.”可知下文是讲他毕业后成为飞行员,故选C。
26.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:1998年,他申请加入“921工程”,即现在的神舟计划。根据下文的“921工程”可知“申请”符合语境,故选D。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他是从1,500名候选人中选出的仅有的14人之一。根据下文的1,500名候选人可知这里指被选择,故选C。
28.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们不仅学习了成为宇航员所需的所有科目,而且还学习了生存技能以及所有关于宇宙飞船和火箭如何建造的知识。根据前文所说的进入太空可知这里应该是指成为宇航员所需的所有科目,故选A。
29.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据常识,进入太空前需要学习生存技能,故选D。
30.C 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的杨利伟被选中推测他在小组中学习名列前茅,故选C。
31.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:2003年9月,14名候选人中只有3人被选中参加中国的太空探险,杨利伟就是其中之一。design设计;pick挑选;coach辅导;praise赞扬。故选B。
32.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他参加了各种各样的测试,以证明他适合这项重要的任务。根据上下文可知,他参加测试是为了证明自己适合这项重要的任务,故选A。
33.A 考查连词词义辨析。句意:虽然他并不是每项考试都拿到最好的分数,但他在心理测试中的高分最终为他赢得了这次机会。这里表示让步,故选A。
34.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文他获得了成功可知,中国人民为他感到骄傲。故选B。
35.D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:中国人民可以为他感到骄傲,全世界的年轻人都钦佩他,把他作为成功实现了自己梦想的榜样。get along with与……和睦相处; care about关心;deal with应付; look up to尊敬,钦佩。根据下文“as an example of a man who managed to fulfil his dream”可知,因为杨利伟成功飞上了太空,实现了梦想,因此全世界年轻人都钦佩他,故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.astronaut n.宇航员 2.subject n.科目
3.score v.得分 n.分数 4.be fit for适合 5.fulfil one’s dream实现某人的梦想
长难句分析
原句 Although he did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主句为it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance,这是一个强调句。Although he did not get the best scores on every single test为让步状语从句。
句意 虽然他没有在每一项考试中都获得最好的分数,但正是他在心理测试中的高分使他最终赢得了机会。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要报道了中国成功地发射了嫦娥五号探测器。
36.after 考查介词。句意:中国成功地发射了嫦娥五号月球探测器,(它)以一个中国古代的月亮女神的名字命名,目的是将月球的土壤和岩石样本带回地球。此处是短语name...after...“以……命名……”的被动语态。故填after。
37.to bring 考查不定式。句意见上一题。根据句意,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。
38.previously 考查副词。句意:无人驾驶的嫦娥五号探测器从月球上一个以前无人踏足过的区域收集了重达4.4磅的月球样本。修饰形容词unvisited,应该用副词形式。 故填previously。
39.which 考查定语从句。句意:展示了中国太空探索方法的优势之一的中国月球计划始于“嫦娥一号”轨道飞行器的发射。分析句子结构可知,“ 39 displays one of the strengths of China’s approach to space exploration”是非限制性定语从句,先行词是The Chinese moon program,指物,关系代词指代先行词在从句中作主语,因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
40.began 考查时态。句意同上。所填词是主句的谓语;句子叙述的是过去发生的事情,应该用一般过去时。故填began。
41.but 考查连词。句意:中国在太空竞赛中姗姗来迟,但在过去的几年里已经迎头赶上。由句意可知设空处前后两部分之间为转折关系。故填连词but。
42.The 考查冠词。句意:新样本的返回填补了我们对月球演变过程的理解上的一个重大空白,并帮助中国判断其未来在其他行星上的任务是否可行。此处用定冠词the表示特指。故填The。
43.its 考查代词。设空处修饰名词missions,应该用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
44.run 考查过去分词。句意:著名的“嫦娥五号”探月任务是中国政府实施的三阶段的中国探月工程的一部分,是为未来可能在2030年左右将中国宇航员送上月球做的准备。设空处和所修饰短语the three-phase Chinese Lunar Exploration Program之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作后置定语;run是不规则变化动词,过去分词为run。故填run。
45.preparation 考查名词。不定冠词a后应该是单数可数名词;prepare是动词,名词形式为preparation。故填preparation。
【高频词汇】 1.launch v.发射 2.display v.展示;显示
3.strength n.优点;强项 4.gap n.缺口;空白 5.practical adj.可实施的;实用的;实际的
长难句分析
原句 The return of new samples has filled a major gap in our understanding of how the moon developed and helped China decide whether its future missions on other planets are practical.
分析 本句为主从复合句。in our understanding of how the moon developed为介词短语作定语,修饰gap,其中,how the moon developed 为宾语从句,作介词of的宾语;and连接两个并列的谓语has filled和(has)helped;whether its future missions on other planets are practical为宾语从句,作decide的宾语。
句意 新样本的返回填补了我们对月球演变过程的理解上的一个重大空白,并帮助中国判断其未来在其他行星上的任务是否可行。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
China launched the first Mars probe
Hearing that the first Chinese Mars probe Tianwen 1 launched on July 23th, 2020 landed on Mars in May, 2021, I am honored to be here to express my congratulations. Without doubt, had it not been for the hard work, we Chinese couldn’t have gained such a great achievement. As a student of my generation, I firmly believe it is an era full of challenges and opportunities, and in this age, we can achieve whatever we fight for if we spare no effort to attain the goal. At the same time, the more we know about our country, the deeper love we will have for her. Wish China, my motherland, all the best.
第二节
写作指导
Character
a little boy, his grandmother, his sister, and Santa
Place
at the Mayfair Mall in Wisconsin
Time
during the Christmas holiday
What
A little boy and his grandmother went to see Santa. The boy’s sister Sarah was sick and she wanted very much to see Santa. So his grandmother begged Santa to see Sarah, and Santa agreed.
Beginning
一个小男孩和他的祖母去看圣诞老人。
Development
这个小男孩告诉圣诞老人他的妹妹Sarah生病了,很想见圣诞老人。小男孩的祖母求圣诞老人去看望Sarah, 圣诞老人同意了。
Para. 1
Santa knew what he had to do.
①圣诞老人后来做了什么?
②看到圣诞老人的时候Sarah是如何反应的?
③为了鼓励Sarah,圣诞老人对她说了什么(他说的话促使了第二段开头的场景:一个小女孩坐在圣诞老人的大腿上)?
Para. 2
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said,“Hi, Santa! Remember me?”
①圣诞老人是如何反应的?他认出Sarah了吗?
②Sarah看上去怎么样?健康状态有没有好转?
③看到这一幕,她的祖母有什么感受?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Santa knew what he had to do. He drove to the hospital and found out which room Sarah was in. Taking a deep breath, and forcing a smile on his face, he entered the ward. “Santa Claus! Santa Claus!” screamed Sarah weakly. Santa rushed to give her a warm hug and a Christmas gift. “Now, Sarah,” Santa said, “you have a job to do, and that is to get well. I expect to see you at the Mayfair Mall this time next year!” “Yes, Santa!” Sarah shouted, her eyes bright. Santa kissed her on the forehead and left.
Paragraph 2:
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said, “Hi, Santa! Remember me?” “Of course!” Santa answered(as he always does), smiling down at her. “You came to see me in the hospital last year!” Santa’s jaw dropped. Tears immediately rolled down his cheeks. “Sarah!” he shouted and hugged her tightly. He hardly recognized her, for her hair was long and her cheeks were rosy, which were quite different from the girl he had visited a year before. He looked up and saw Sarah’s grandmother smiling and wiping her eyes. That was the best ever Christmas for Santa Claus.
Unit 2 Out of this world
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The New York Aquarium offers diverse sea animals and nice viewing experience to all our guests. Whether you’re observing penguins, swimming underwater to look at coral reefs (珊瑚礁), or cheering for California sea lions at the theater, you’ll find plenty to see and do during your visit. Your underwater adventure is waiting for you! This summer, go to Coney Island to learn about the underwater world at the New York Aquarium.
Just off Coney Island in Brooklyn, the New York Aquarium features more than 300 marine (海生的) species, such as dolphins and seals. Meet some of our mammals and fish, and learn something useful about them.
Summer hours
May 28—Sept.5
10:00 am—6:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—7:00 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Fall hours
Sept.6—Nov.6
10:00 am—5:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—5:30 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Winter hours
Nov.7—Mar.31
10:00 am—4:30 pm,Daily
Spring hours
Apr.1—May 27
10:00 am—5:00 pm,
Monday—Friday
10:00 am—5:30 pm,
Weekends & Holidays
Total Experience Ticket
Adult $18.00
Child (Aged 3—12) $14.00
Senior (65+) $15.00
Group (at least ten visitors) $8.00 per person
*Include admission to our 4D Theater plus general admission.
*Children under 3 are free!
*To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group’s visit. Please call 718-741-1818.
A Special on Friday Afternoon
Admission on Fridays beginning at 3:00 pm is by donation. The suggested donation is $13 for adults, $9 for children, and $10 for seniors. Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium.
Aquarium Parking
Car $13.00
Bus $13.00
Please note:
*Due to rising costs, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) reserves the right to change all fees without notice.
*All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair.
*For further information, please call 718-265-3454.
1.Six adults (including a man of 68) and two children (aged 2 and 10) are going to visit the New York Aquarium on Sunday. They will have to pay .
A.$144 B.$133
C.$119 D.$160
2.What is the donation used for?
A.To help the people in need.
B.To help the disabled visitors.
C.To care for animals at the aquarium.
D.To help to save the endangered animals in the world.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Visitors can enjoy free parking service on Friday.
B.You can visit the New York Aquarium at 5:30 pm on Christmas.
C.A visitor in a wheelchair can get around at the New York Aquarium.
D.To enjoy the group rate, visitors must reserve tickets two weeks in advance.
B
Katherine Johnson whose life was described in the movie Hidden Figures died on February 24, 2020, aged 101. The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician who joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led a mission to put the first man on the moon in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread.
“NASA is deeply saddened by the loss of a leader from our pioneering days,” said NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine on the webpage of NASA.“Ms. Johnson helped our nation enlarge the frontiers (边界) of space and she also played an important role in opening doors for women and people of color to explore space. At NASA we will never forget her courage, leadership and the achievements we could not have reached without her.”
Johnson was born in West Virginia in 1918. She graduated from West Virginia State University as a mathematics major and became a teacher at a public school. She was also the first African-American woman to attend graduate school in mathematics at West Virginia University. But less than one year later, she left school to focus on raising children.
Her life changed in 1952 after a long career break. A relative told her about open positions at the all-black West Area Computing section at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics’s Langley laboratory, and she began to work at Langley the next year. NASA depended on humans for complicated aerospace (航空航天) calculation as there was no high-functioning electronic computer. Female mathematicians usually took the job as their salary was lower. Johnson was one of those African-American human computers.
Johnson was initially in charge of aerospace analysis and assigned to a space development mission launched in 1958. Then she worked for the 1961 suborbital (亚轨道的) flight of astronaut Alan Shepard and the 1962 orbital flight of John Glenn. Johnson continued to participate in missions after she retired in 1986. Her hidden achievements were finally publicized when former U.S. President Barack Obama granted her the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015 and her dramatic life was made into a movie.
4.What did Bridenstine’s words in the second paragraph mainly want to tell us?
A.NASA’s appreciation for Johnson’s leadership.
B.All Americans’ regret at Johnson’s death.
C.Johnson’s contributions to space exploration.
D.NASA’s achievements in space exploration.
5.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Johnson used to work in a private school.
B.Johnson worked in the aerospace industry for at least 33 years.
C.Johnson starred in the movie Hidden Figures.
D.Johnson was the first woman to attend graduate school in the U.S.
6.Why did NASA depend on humans for complex aerospace calculation?
A.It was cheaper to hire humans.
B.The computers at that time weren’t advanced enough.
C.It couldn’t afford to buy electronic computers.
D.In terms of calculation, humans were more accurate than computers.
7.What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?
A.To promote Hidden Figures.
B.To highlight the greatness of women.
C.To honor the great mathematician, Katherine Johnson.
D.To tell readers about Johnson’s lifetime achievements.
C
SpaceX, Elon Musk’s rocket company, launched the newly designed Crew Dragon capsule, carrying four astronauts to space on Nov. 16. The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the International Space Station (ISS) on Nov. 17.
This is the first time that NASA has sent a crew into orbit entirely via a privately-owned spacecraft. “It’s the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers,” NASA said. NASA’s commercial manned program has taken a lot of risks. Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress.
Before the launch, NASA had cooperated with SpaceX for more than a decade to build a manned spacecraft. Back in 2014, NASA was facing a vital decision—choosing the finalists to complete the task of developing alternative space shuttles. Eventually, it came down to Boeing and SpaceX. There was fierce competition between the two companies to complete the mission.
In December 2019, Boeing’s manned spaceship, CST-100 Starliner, went through a test flight, but due to multiple errors, it failed to reach the ISS. The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn’t flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule’s pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn’t affected.
In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. The company will conduct another unmanned flight in 2021, and its first manned mission will take place sometime in 2022. “It very much follows the aviation (航空) era when airliners used to be government-run, and now of course they’ve been commercial for a number of decades,” said one of the Dragon capsule crew members.
8.What is the significance of the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule?
A.It carried four astronauts into space.
B.It successfully docked with the International Space Station.
C.It sent ordinary people to space for the first time.
D.It marks the beginning of spaceflight being conducted by commercial providers.
9.What’s the main factor contributing to the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule?
A.SpaceX’s long-term cooperation with NASA.
B.Boeing’s failure in the test flight due to multiple errors.
C.SpaceX’s sufficient funding.
D.The timely settlement of the technical difficulties.
10.What does the underlined “It” refer to in Paragraph 5?
A.The Crew Dragon capsule was launched by SpaceX.
B.Commercial space exploration.
C.The competition between Boeing and SpaceX.
D.Commercial airliners.
11.Which one can be the best title for this passage?
A.The manned spacecraft was launched
B.Spaceflight goes commercial
C.NASA faces lots of risks
D.SpaceX leads the way in spaceflight
D
Artemis is NASA’s new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.
NASA’s new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock (对接) Orion at a small spaceship called Gateway, from where the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to Gateway. The crew will return to the Earth aboard Orion.
NASA will test the rocket and spacecraft in flight, and then send a crew for a test flight:
Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft and with no crew.
Artemis 2 will launch the SLS rocket and Orion with a crew, which will fly past the Moon, then circle it and return to the Earth. This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space.
Artemis 3 will send a crew,including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024. The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon’s South Pole. No one has ever been there.
At the Moon, astronauts will:
Search for the Moon’s water and use it.
Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days’ flight from home.
Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up-to-three-year round trip.
The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, the Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.
12.What is the aim of the Artemis program?
A.To help astronauts return to the Earth.
B.To be ready for the landing on Mars.
C.To study Mars using new science.
D.To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion.
13.Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series?
A.Going to the Moon’s South Pole.
B.Making the fastest trip into space.
C.Sending the first man to the Moon.
D.Flying to the Moon with three persons.
14.What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon?
A.Send astronauts to Mars.
B.Run a three-year-long test.
C.Find and make use of water.
D.Learn to live not far from home.
15.What can we conclude from the text?
A.It is possible to live on another planet now.
B.The crew will reach the lunar surface by Orion.
C.NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon.
D.The Artemis program is of great help to Mars exploration.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life isn’t always a walk in the park. 16 These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little better, and now you can, too.
1. They turn mistakes into lessons.
17 While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart, focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive.
2. They go offline.
Addiction to social media sites is a bad habit, and looking at pictures of other people’s amazing vacations and delicious desserts isn’t doing anything for you. Make a promise to yourself to remove them every day—you can read a book or call a friend. 18
3. They ignore the small stuff.
Bad days happen. 19 You accidentally fall over a banana skin...There are plenty of cases where anger, disappointment, and anxiety are totally reasonable reactions, but they don’t have to be your final reactions. Learning to let go of the little things you can’t control will allow you to focus better on the positive aspects of life.
4.They plan trips.
Even if you can’t afford an overseas trip, there are plenty of affordable ways to get out there and see the world. Experiencing a new culture or food or a change in scenery is a great way to bring a little extra happiness into your life.
5. 20
Instead of waiting for opportunities to fall into your lap, take control. Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded.
A.They ignore risks.
B.They take chances.
C.Mistakes are an inevitable part of life.
D.So how do happy people get through a rough day?
E.You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door.
F.So who can you turn to for help when you plan trips?
G.Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
What is the most fun you can have in 21 hours and 23 minutes? On 15 October 2003, Yang Liwei answered this question. His 21 in space took him 600,000 kilometers in orbit, around the earth 14 times, in just over 21 hours. It made him China’s first astronaut in space. He had worked towards this 22 for many years.
Born in 1965, Yang had wanted to 23 since he was a young boy. His friends and teachers have all said that he loved science and technology from a young age. He always had a(n) 24 of flying.
In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school. He 25 in 1987 and became a pilot. In 1998, he 26 to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhou. He was one of the only 14 27 from 1,500 candidates(候选人). The team spent the next five years being trained. They not only studied all the subjects 28 to be an astronaut, but also learned 29 skills and all about how spaceships and rockets are built. Yang scored among the very 30 in everything the group studied.
In September 2003, only three out of the 14 candidates were 31 for the Chinese space adventure, and Yang was one of them. He took all kinds of tests to 32 he was fit for this important task. 33 he did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance.
In the end, Yang was indeed a success. His name will go down in history. The people of China can be 34 of him and young people all over the world 35 him as an example of a man who managed to fulfil his dream.
21.A.sailing B.voyage
C.walk D.leap
22.A.goal B.idea
C.risk D.reward
23.A.explore B.operate
C.compete D.fly
24.A.dream B.chance
C.opinion D.schedule
25.A.dropped B.survived
C.graduated D.succeeded
26.A.wanted B.hoped
C.deserved D.applied
27.A.got B.taken
C.selected D.kept
28.A.required B.added
C.simplified D.released
29.A.walking B.communication
C.management D.survival
30.A.altitude B.middle
C.top D.bottom
31.A.designed B.picked
C.coached D.praised
32.A.prove B.admit
C.expect D.mention
33.A.Although B.Because
C.Unless D.When
34.A.confident B.proud
C.afraid D.ashamed
35.A.get along with B.care about
C.deal with D.look up to
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China successfully launched its Chang’e 5 lunar probe,named 36 an ancient Chinese moon goddess, 37 (bring) lunar soil and rock samples back to Earth. The unmanned Chang’e 5 probe collected as heavy as 4.4 pounds of lunar samples from a 38 (previous) unvisited area on the moon. The mission makes China the third country, after the US and the Soviet Union, to have collected samples from the moon.
The Chinese moon program, 39 displays one of the strengths of China’s approach to space exploration, 40 (begin) with the Chang’e 1 orbiter’s launch. China was late for the space race, 41 it has caught up fast in the past few years. 42 return of new samples has filled a major gap in our understanding of how the moon developed and helped China decide whether 43 (it) future missions on other planets are practical.
The famous Chang’e 5 lunar mission is part of the three-phase Chinese Lunar Exploration Program 44 (run) by the Chinese government, and is a 45 (prepare) for sending taikonauts to the moon in the future, perhaps around 2030.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
中国首个火星探测器(Mars Probe) “天问一号” (Tianwen 1)于2020年7月23日成功发射;2021年5月,“天问一号”抵达火星。请你以“China launched the first Mars probe”为题为校报英文版写一篇英文报道,内容包括:
1.“天问一号”成功发射;
2.你的感想。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A little boy and his grandmother came to see Santa at the Mayfair Mall in Wisconsin. The child climbed up on Santa Claus’s lap holding a picture of a little girl.
“Who is this?” asked Santa, smiling. “Your friend? Your sister?”
“Yes, Santa,” he replied.
“My sister, Sarah, who is very sick,” the boy said sadly.
Santa glanced at the grandmother who was waiting nearby and saw her wiping her eyes with a tissue.
“She wanted to come with me to see you very much, Santa!” the child shouted.
“She misses you,” he added softly.
Santa tried to cheer the boy up, asking him what he wanted Santa to bring him for Christmas.
When they finished their talk, the grandmother came over to help the child get off Santa Claus’s lap, and started to say something to Santa, but halted (停顿).
“What is it?” Santa asked warmly.
“Well, I know it’s really too much to ask you, Santa, but...the girl in the photograph is my granddaughter. You see... she has leukemia(白血病)and isn’t expected to make it even through the holiday,” she said with tear-filled eyes. “Is there any way, Santa, any possible way that you could come to see Sarah?”
All she had asked for, for Christmas, was to see Santa.
Santa blinked, swallowed hard and told the woman to leave information with his elves(小精灵)as to where Sarah was,saying he would see what he could do. Santa thought of nothing else for the rest of that afternoon. “What if it were my child lying in that hospital bed, dying?” he thought with a sinking heart.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Santa knew what he had to do.
Paragraph 2:
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said, “Hi, Santa! Remember me?”
答案全解全析
Unit 2 Out of this world
单元达标检测
1.C
2.C
3.C
4.C
5.B
6.B
7.C
8.D
9.D
10.B
11.B
12.B
13.A
14.C
15.D
16.D
17.C
18.G
19.E
20.B
21.B
22.A
23.D
24.A
25.C
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.D
30.C
31.B
32.A
33.A
34.B
35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,详细介绍了纽约水族馆提供的各种服务、相关的信息以及收费情况。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Total Experience Ticket部分可知,周日,六名成年人(包括一名68岁的男子)和两名儿童(2岁和10岁)要参观纽约水族馆,他们将支付18×5+15+14=119美元。故选C。
2.C 细节理解题。根据A Special on Friday Afternoon部分中“Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium. (你捐出的每一美元都将用于支持我们在水族馆照顾动物的工作)”可知,捐款的用途是照顾水族馆的动物。故选C。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair.(该水族馆内的所有建筑和展览会都可乘坐轮椅进入)”可知,坐在轮椅上的游客可以在纽约水族馆游览。故选C。Aquarium Parking部分并未提及周五有免费停车服务,所以A项说法错误。根据常识可知,圣诞节在冬季,根据时间表中的“Winter hours Nov.7—Mar.31 10:00 am—4:30 pm,Daily”可知,B项说法不正确。根据Total Experience Ticket部分的“To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group’s visit.(要享受团体价格,您必须在团体参观前至少两周预订)”可知,是至少提前两周预订,而不是必须提前两周预订,D项说法错误。
【高频词汇】 1.diverse adj.多种多样的 2.feature v.以……为特色 3.senior n.老年人 4.admission n.入场费;门票价格;准入 5.reservation n.预订;预约 6.donation n.捐款 7.accessible adj.可进入的;可到达的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了2020年2月24号美国太空探索的幕后功臣凯瑟琳·约翰逊去世,享年101岁,并讲述了凯瑟琳·约翰逊对美国太空探索的贡献以及她的传奇经历。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段Bridenstine的话可知,凯瑟琳·约翰逊帮助美国扩大了太空领域的边界。她在为女性和有色人种探索太空打开大门方面起了重要的作用。在美国国家航空航天局,人们永远不会忘记她的勇气和领导能力,还有那些没有她美国国家航空航天局就不会取得的成就。这主要是在讲述凯瑟琳·约翰逊在太空探索方面做出了很大的贡献。故选C。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“She graduated from West Virginia State University as a mathematics major and became a teacher at a public school.(她毕业于西弗吉尼亚州立大学,主修数学,毕业后在一所公立学校教书。)”可知,她是在公立学校而不是私立学校教书,故A选项错误;根据第四段第一句“Her life changed in 1952 after a long career break.(在长期职业生涯中断后,她的人生在1952年发生了变化。)”以及后文中“she began to work at Langley the next year(她第二年开始在兰利工作)”和第五段中的“Johnson continued to participate in missions after she retired in 1986. (约翰逊在1986年退休后继续参加任务。)”可知,她1953年开始做航天工作,1986年退休,工作了至少33年。故选B。根据第一段第一句“Katherine Johnson whose life was described in the movie Hidden Figures died on February 24, 2020, aged 101.(凯瑟琳·约翰逊在2020年2月24号去世,享年101岁,《隐藏人物》这部电影描述了她的人生。)”可知,这部电影讲述了她的人生故事,而不是她主演了这部电影,故C选项错误;根据第三段第三句“She was also the first African-American woman to attend graduate school in mathematics at West Virginia University.(她是西弗吉尼亚大学研究生院数学系的第一个非裔美国女性。)”可知,她不是美国第一位读研的女性,D选项错误。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“NASA depended on humans for complicated aerospace (航空航天) calculation as there was no high-functioning electronic computer.(美国国家航空航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算,因为没有高功能的电子计算机。)”可知美国国家航空航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算主要是因为那时候的计算机还不够先进。故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,凯瑟琳·约翰逊在2020年2月24号去世,享年101岁,《隐藏人物》这部电影描述了她的人生。这部2016年的电影描述了一位非裔美国女数学家的真实故事,她加入了美国国家航空航天局并且在20世纪50年代种族歧视很普遍的情况下领导了把第一个人送上月球的任务。由此推断作者想通过这篇文章缅怀凯瑟琳·约翰逊。故选C。A项(为了推广《隐藏人物》)和B项(为了突出女性的伟大)通过文章内容可直接排除;D项(为了告诉读者约翰逊一生的成就)表述过于片面,文章不单是为了展示约翰逊的成就。
【高频词汇】 1.mathematician n.数学家 2.sadden v.使悲伤;使难过 3.enlarge v.扩大 4.major n.主修学生;专业课
5.complicated adj.复杂的 6.calculation n.计算 7.initially adv.最初 8.assign v.分配;指派 9.participate in参加
10.grant v.给予;授予
长难句分析
原句 The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician who joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led a mission to put the first man on the moon in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主句为The 2016 movie describes a real story of a female African-American mathematician。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词mathematician,定语从句中含有and连接的两个并列的谓语,in the 1950s when racial discrimination was widespread为时间状语。
句意 这部2016年的电影描述了一位非裔美国女数学家的真实故事,她加入了美国国家航空航天局并且在20世纪50年代种族歧视很普遍的情况下领导了把第一个人送上月球的任务。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了美国商业宇宙飞船首次成功载人上天,这是一个开端,开启了商业航天的新时代。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers,” NASA said. (美国国家航空航天局表示:“这是一个新时代的开始,在这个时代里,宇航员到近地轨道的例行旅行正在由商业供应商进行。”) 可知,“天龙号”飞船的成功发射标志着商业供应商开始进行太空飞行。故选D项。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn’t flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule’s pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn’t affected. (一位美国国家航空航天局的官员说,最近“天龙号”飞船的发射也不是完美无缺的,在发射前不到两小时,一次空气泄漏导致太空舱压力意外下降。多亏了技术人员,发射没有受到影响。)可知,成功发射“天龙号”飞船的主要因素是技术难题得到了及时的解决。故选D项。
10.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. (在将要到来的一年,美国演员汤姆·克鲁斯将乘坐“天龙号”飞船太空舱开始商业太空旅行,并在国际空间站拍摄一部电影。与此同时,波音公司正在迎头赶上。)可知,It指的是“商业化的太空探索”。故选B项。
11.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了美国商业宇宙飞船成功载人上天,这是一个开端,开启了商业航天的新时代,因此本文的最佳标题为选项B“航天飞行变得商业化”。A.发射了载人宇宙飞船;C.NASA面临很多风险;D.SpaceX在太空飞行方面领先。这三项均不是本文要表达的主旨。
【高频词汇】 1.commercial adj.商业的 2.vital adj.至关重要的 3.finalist n.参加决赛者 4.alternative adj.可供选择/替代的 5.fail to do sth.没能做某事;未做成某事 6.flawless adj.完美的;无瑕疵的 7.technician n.技师;技术员 8.film v.拍摄(电影) 9.catch up赶上
长难句分析
原句 Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress.
分析 本句为主从复合句。Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term和whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties是由and连接的两个并列的主语从句。
句意 从长远来看资金是否充足以及这些公司是否有能力解决所有的技术难题受到美国国会的反复质疑。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了美国国家航空航天局新的月球探测计划。这次月球探索任务将为火星任务做准备。
12. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.(通过Artemis计划,美国国家航空航天局将使用新技术以新的和更好的方式研究月球,并为人类前往火星的任务做好准备)可知,Artemis计划的目的是为登上火星做准备。故选B。
13.A 细节理解题。根据第六段的The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon’s South Pole. No one has ever been there.可知,Artemis 3的工作人员将参观月球的南极,从来没有人去过那里。故选A。根据第五段中的This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space. (这将是人类进入太空最远的一次旅行)可知,B项(进行进入太空的最快的旅行)说法不正确。根据第六段中的Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024. (Artemis 3将在2024年前派出一支包括第一位女性宇航员和一位黑人宇航员在内的队伍登陆月球)可知,C(送第一个男性到月球上去)、D(和三个人飞往月球)说法均不正确。
14.C 细节理解题。根据At the Moon, astronauts will: Search for the Moon’s water and use it.可知,在月球上宇航员将寻找水并使用它。故选C。根据倒数第二段Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up-to-three-year round trip. (在送宇航员去火星执行往返行程可能长达三年的任务之前,测试我们需要的技术。)可知,送宇航员去火星并不是在月球上要做的事情,在月球上只是测试一些所需要的技术,所以A项说法不正确。 倒数第二段中的which can take an up-to-three-year round trip所修饰的是sending astronauts on missions to Mars,并不是要在月球上进行三年的测试。所以B项说法不正确。倒数第三段提到Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days’ flight from home.(学习如何在另一个离宇航员家只有三天航程的天体表面生活和工作。),虽然只有三天的航程,但地球到月球的距离不能称之为近,D项(学会在离家不远的地方生活)说法不正确。
15. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.(月球是火星的“试验台”。月球是一个表明宇航员有一天能够在火星上长时间远离地球工作的地方)并结合上文可知,Artemis计划对火星探索有很大帮助。故选D。A项(现在有可能生活在另一个星球上。)文中未提及,且结合常识可排除;根据第二段第一、二句可知,宇航员登陆月球表面是通过Gateway, 而不是Orion。所以B项说法错误。根据第六段的Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024.可知,并不是NASA已经将第一位女宇航员送上了月球。所以C项说法错误。
【高频词汇】 1.mission n.任务;使命 2.orbit n.轨道
3.crew n.全体工作人员;全体船员 4.circle v.环绕
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,给读者介绍了可以让生活变得更好的一些建议。
16.D D项So how do happy people get through a rough day?(那么快乐的人是如何度过糟糕的一天的呢?)与下文These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little better(这些小建议就是快乐的人为了让生活变得更好一点所做的一些小事)承接自然,选项提出问题,下文回答问题,且两句中的happy people为原词复现,故选D项。
17.C C项Mistakes are an inevitable part of life.(错误是生活中不可避免的部分)符合本段标题They turn mistakes into lessons.(他们把错误变成教训。),故选C项。
18.G G项Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs.(仅仅远离网络就能让你过自己的生活,而不是看着别人过他们的生活)符合本段标题They go offline.(他们不上网),故选G项。
19.E E项You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door.(跑出门前你把咖啡洒在了衬衫上)与下文You accidentally fall over a banana skin(你意外被香蕉皮滑倒)承接自然,两句都具体讲述了生活中不如意的事情,故选E项。
20.B 根据Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded.(让自己走出去可能会让你觉得是挑战,但是一旦冒险了,你就肯定会得到回报)可知,本段主要讲要勇于冒险,B项They take chances.(他们冒险)可以作为本段标题,故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.turn...into...把……变成…… 2.fall apart破裂
3.addiction n.上瘾 4.stuff n.东西;事情;原料 5.let go of放开;松手
长难句分析
原句 While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart, focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive.
分析 本句为主从复合句。While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart为让步状语从句,其中,when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart为时间状语从句。focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive为主句,其中,what went wrong为宾语从句,作介词from的宾语。
句意 尽管当一份新工作不顺利或一段关系破裂时,(你)很容易感到沮丧,但专注于从错误中吸取教训将帮助你把一个错误转变成富有成效的事情。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文主要讲述了中国首位成功进入太空的宇航员杨利伟的事迹和成就。
21.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的太空之旅带他在轨道上飞行了60万公里,环绕地球14圈,只用了21个多小时。sailing(乘船)航行;voyage航行,航海,航天;walk步行;leap跳跃。根据下文可知杨利伟是中国首位进入太空的宇航员,因此这里指去太空的航行,故选B。
22.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他为这个目标奋斗了许多年。goal目标;idea主意,想法;risk风险,危险;reward回报,报酬,奖励。上文提到他成为中国首位进入太空的宇航员,所以这里应该指目标,故选A。
23.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:杨利伟出生于1965年,他从小就想要飞行。根据上文说他为了进入太空这一目标奋斗以及下文中的flying可知,这里应该是指他从小就想要飞行,故选D。
24.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文他为这个目标奋斗了许多年可知他一直梦想着飞上太空。故选A。
25.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school.”可知下文是讲他毕业后成为飞行员,故选C。
26.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:1998年,他申请加入“921工程”,即现在的神舟计划。根据下文的“921工程”可知“申请”符合语境,故选D。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他是从1,500名候选人中选出的仅有的14人之一。根据下文的1,500名候选人可知这里指被选择,故选C。
28.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们不仅学习了成为宇航员所需的所有科目,而且还学习了生存技能以及所有关于宇宙飞船和火箭如何建造的知识。根据前文所说的进入太空可知这里应该是指成为宇航员所需的所有科目,故选A。
29.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据常识,进入太空前需要学习生存技能,故选D。
30.C 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的杨利伟被选中推测他在小组中学习名列前茅,故选C。
31.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:2003年9月,14名候选人中只有3人被选中参加中国的太空探险,杨利伟就是其中之一。design设计;pick挑选;coach辅导;praise赞扬。故选B。
32.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他参加了各种各样的测试,以证明他适合这项重要的任务。根据上下文可知,他参加测试是为了证明自己适合这项重要的任务,故选A。
33.A 考查连词词义辨析。句意:虽然他并不是每项考试都拿到最好的分数,但他在心理测试中的高分最终为他赢得了这次机会。这里表示让步,故选A。
34.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文他获得了成功可知,中国人民为他感到骄傲。故选B。
35.D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:中国人民可以为他感到骄傲,全世界的年轻人都钦佩他,把他作为成功实现了自己梦想的榜样。get along with与……和睦相处; care about关心;deal with应付; look up to尊敬,钦佩。根据下文“as an example of a man who managed to fulfil his dream”可知,因为杨利伟成功飞上了太空,实现了梦想,因此全世界年轻人都钦佩他,故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.astronaut n.宇航员 2.subject n.科目
3.score v.得分 n.分数 4.be fit for适合 5.fulfil one’s dream实现某人的梦想
长难句分析
原句 Although he did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主句为it was his high scores on the psychological(心理的) tests that finally won him the chance,这是一个强调句。Although he did not get the best scores on every single test为让步状语从句。
句意 虽然他没有在每一项考试中都获得最好的分数,但正是他在心理测试中的高分使他最终赢得了机会。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要报道了中国成功地发射了嫦娥五号探测器。
36.after 考查介词。句意:中国成功地发射了嫦娥五号月球探测器,(它)以一个中国古代的月亮女神的名字命名,目的是将月球的土壤和岩石样本带回地球。此处是短语name...after...“以……命名……”的被动语态。故填after。
37.to bring 考查不定式。句意见上一题。根据句意,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。
38.previously 考查副词。句意:无人驾驶的嫦娥五号探测器从月球上一个以前无人踏足过的区域收集了重达4.4磅的月球样本。修饰形容词unvisited,应该用副词形式。 故填previously。
39.which 考查定语从句。句意:展示了中国太空探索方法的优势之一的中国月球计划始于“嫦娥一号”轨道飞行器的发射。分析句子结构可知,“ 39 displays one of the strengths of China’s approach to space exploration”是非限制性定语从句,先行词是The Chinese moon program,指物,关系代词指代先行词在从句中作主语,因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
40.began 考查时态。句意同上。所填词是主句的谓语;句子叙述的是过去发生的事情,应该用一般过去时。故填began。
41.but 考查连词。句意:中国在太空竞赛中姗姗来迟,但在过去的几年里已经迎头赶上。由句意可知设空处前后两部分之间为转折关系。故填连词but。
42.The 考查冠词。句意:新样本的返回填补了我们对月球演变过程的理解上的一个重大空白,并帮助中国判断其未来在其他行星上的任务是否可行。此处用定冠词the表示特指。故填The。
43.its 考查代词。设空处修饰名词missions,应该用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
44.run 考查过去分词。句意:著名的“嫦娥五号”探月任务是中国政府实施的三阶段的中国探月工程的一部分,是为未来可能在2030年左右将中国宇航员送上月球做的准备。设空处和所修饰短语the three-phase Chinese Lunar Exploration Program之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作后置定语;run是不规则变化动词,过去分词为run。故填run。
45.preparation 考查名词。不定冠词a后应该是单数可数名词;prepare是动词,名词形式为preparation。故填preparation。
【高频词汇】 1.launch v.发射 2.display v.展示;显示
3.strength n.优点;强项 4.gap n.缺口;空白 5.practical adj.可实施的;实用的;实际的
长难句分析
原句 The return of new samples has filled a major gap in our understanding of how the moon developed and helped China decide whether its future missions on other planets are practical.
分析 本句为主从复合句。in our understanding of how the moon developed为介词短语作定语,修饰gap,其中,how the moon developed 为宾语从句,作介词of的宾语;and连接两个并列的谓语has filled和(has)helped;whether its future missions on other planets are practical为宾语从句,作decide的宾语。
句意 新样本的返回填补了我们对月球演变过程的理解上的一个重大空白,并帮助中国判断其未来在其他行星上的任务是否可行。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
China launched the first Mars probe
Hearing that the first Chinese Mars probe Tianwen 1 launched on July 23th, 2020 landed on Mars in May, 2021, I am honored to be here to express my congratulations. Without doubt, had it not been for the hard work, we Chinese couldn’t have gained such a great achievement. As a student of my generation, I firmly believe it is an era full of challenges and opportunities, and in this age, we can achieve whatever we fight for if we spare no effort to attain the goal. At the same time, the more we know about our country, the deeper love we will have for her. Wish China, my motherland, all the best.
第二节
写作指导
Character
a little boy, his grandmother, his sister, and Santa
Place
at the Mayfair Mall in Wisconsin
Time
during the Christmas holiday
What
A little boy and his grandmother went to see Santa. The boy’s sister Sarah was sick and she wanted very much to see Santa. So his grandmother begged Santa to see Sarah, and Santa agreed.
Beginning
一个小男孩和他的祖母去看圣诞老人。
Development
这个小男孩告诉圣诞老人他的妹妹Sarah生病了,很想见圣诞老人。小男孩的祖母求圣诞老人去看望Sarah, 圣诞老人同意了。
Para. 1
Santa knew what he had to do.
①圣诞老人后来做了什么?
②看到圣诞老人的时候Sarah是如何反应的?
③为了鼓励Sarah,圣诞老人对她说了什么(他说的话促使了第二段开头的场景:一个小女孩坐在圣诞老人的大腿上)?
Para. 2
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said,“Hi, Santa! Remember me?”
①圣诞老人是如何反应的?他认出Sarah了吗?
②Sarah看上去怎么样?健康状态有没有好转?
③看到这一幕,她的祖母有什么感受?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Santa knew what he had to do. He drove to the hospital and found out which room Sarah was in. Taking a deep breath, and forcing a smile on his face, he entered the ward. “Santa Claus! Santa Claus!” screamed Sarah weakly. Santa rushed to give her a warm hug and a Christmas gift. “Now, Sarah,” Santa said, “you have a job to do, and that is to get well. I expect to see you at the Mayfair Mall this time next year!” “Yes, Santa!” Sarah shouted, her eyes bright. Santa kissed her on the forehead and left.
Paragraph 2:
One year later at the Mayfair Mall, a little girl came up to sit on Santa’s lap and said, “Hi, Santa! Remember me?” “Of course!” Santa answered(as he always does), smiling down at her. “You came to see me in the hospital last year!” Santa’s jaw dropped. Tears immediately rolled down his cheeks. “Sarah!” he shouted and hugged her tightly. He hardly recognized her, for her hair was long and her cheeks were rosy, which were quite different from the girl he had visited a year before. He looked up and saw Sarah’s grandmother smiling and wiping her eyes. That was the best ever Christmas for Santa Claus.
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