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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle集体备课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle集体备课课件ppt，文件包含UNIT2Period1pptx、UNIT2Period1DOC等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
1．做出决定____________________2．导致；通向____________________3．涉及；与……有关____________________4．阻止某人做某事_______________________5．以……为基础____________________
make a decisin lead t be invlved in prevent sb. frm ding sth. be based n…
6．make a chice t d sth.____________________7．ver and ver again____________________8．in respnse t____________________9．aside frm____________________10．straight away____________________11．从……开始____________________
选择做某事 再三地；反复地 回应；回复 除……之外 立即 begin with…
12．采取步骤____________________13．克服不良习惯____________________14．决定____________________15．想出(办法、建议等)____________________16．rely n____________________17．rather than____________________18．replace A with B____________________
take steps break bad habits decide n cme up with 依靠 而不是 用B替代A
1．___________ (change) bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. (不定式作主语)2．The gd news is ________ we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk. (表语从句)3．___________ (facilitate) a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. (不定式作目的状语)
4．S, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favrite music instead(rutine), ________ will make us feel relaxed(reward). (非限制性定语从句)【答案】1．T change 2．that 3．T facilitate 4．which
Ⅰ．阅读课文HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE，匹配段落大意
【答案】1-7 CGAEFBD
Ⅱ．阅读课文，判断信息正误( )1．It is easy fr us t frm bad habits in ur childhd. ( )2．“We are what we repeatedly d. ” is a saying by Lazi. ( )3．T change ur bad habits, it’s necessary fr us t examine ur bad habit cycles first.
( )4．The authr thinks it is easy fr us t hpe t change ur bad habits. ( )5．The authr wants t tell teenagers nt t change their bad habits in a day. 【答案】1-5 TFTFT
Ⅲ．阅读课文，选择正确选项( )1．What des the authr intend t d in the first paragraph?A．Intrduce the tpic in this text. B．Shw us hw t change ur bad habits. C．Give us tw examples in ur life. D．Tell us nt t take drugs.
( )2．The key t changing ur bad habits is ________ . A．the three steps f habit frmatinB．the imprtance f a gd habitC．frming the right rutine fr pepleD．understanding hw habits wrk
( )3．The authr gives many examples in this text t ________ . A．shw his/her wide knwledgeB．supprt his tpicsC．persuade the readers t read mreD．call n us t take care f ur children
( )4．Thrugh the given examples in the text, yu will feel it easy fr yu t ________ . A．change yur bad habitsB．understand ther pepleC．grasp the authr’s ideasD．frm a gd habit
( )5．The authr writes this text t ________ . A．tell us the lng way t a gd habitB．shw us hw t break ur bad habitsC．give us sme tips in ur daily lifeD．remind us f the bad effect f habits【答案】1-5 ADBCB
1．dminate vt. &vi. 支配；控制；占有优势(P14)T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. 【翻译】防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是非常重要的。
(1)be dminated by sb. 由某人所控制、支配dminate the news成为最重要的新闻dminate the city俯视全城dminate the match/war在比赛/战争中占上风(2)dminatin n. 控制；影响
(3)dminating adj. 主要的；独裁的；有影响力的dminating figure主要人物； 强势人物dminating factr主导因素(4)dminatingly adv. 有领导作风地； 独裁地
The cathedral dminates the city. 大教堂俯视全城。The train crash dminated the news. 火车相撞事故成了最重要的新闻。As a child he was dminated by his father. 在他小时候，他的父亲主宰了他的一切。Arsenal dminated the first half f the match. 阿森纳队在上半场比赛中占据上风。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)He tended t ________________ . 他往往左右着交谈的内容。(2)She always says a lt in meetings, but she _____________ . 她在会上总是滔滔不绝，但她的话没什么影响。
(3)Mr Smith is bss f the cmpany, but it ________________ his wife. 公司老板是史密斯，但公司却被他老婆控制着。(4)The big tree ________________ . 这棵大树俯视全村。(5)The birds sn ________________ . 鸟类很快就在战斗中占了上风。
【答案】(1)dminate the cnversatin(2)desn’t dminate(3)is dminated by(4)dminates the village(5)dminated the fight
2．repeatedly adv. 重复地(P14)We are what we repeatedly d. 【翻译】重复的行为造就了我们。
repeat v. 重复说(或写)；重复做；重播(节目)repeated adj. 重复的repeatability n. 重复性；再现性repetitin n. 重复
I’m srry—culd yu repeat that?对不起——你可以再说一遍吗？He struck at me repeatedly with a stick. 他拿着棍子不断地打我。The tw biggest prblems are repeatability and speed. 其中两个最大的问题就是重复性和速度。
Harvard tk the lead and remained calm by the repeated challenges. 哈佛取得了领先地位，经过再三挑战后仍然镇定自若。He culd als have cut ut much f the repetitin and thus saved many pages. 他本来也可以删掉很多重复的语句，省去很多页数。
[针对练习]用repeat的适当形式填空(1)The by has cmmitted the same mistake ________ and shuld be punished. (2)The students asked the teacher ________ what he had said in class.
(3)The bss’s ________ warnings made many f my friends unhappy. (4)The majr advantage with this machine is ________ and punctuality. (5)N histrical phenmenn is a mere ________ f the past. 【答案】(1)repeatedly (2)t repeat (3)repeated(4)repeatability (5)repetitin
3．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的(P15)…we ften becme pessimistic and give up. 【翻译】……我们常常变得悲观而放弃。【用法详解】(1)be pessimistic abut…对……很悲观pessimistic view f life悲观的人生观(2)pessimistically adv. 悲观地
(3)pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义者(4)pessimist n. 悲观主义(5)ptimistic adj. 乐观的ptimistically adv. 乐观地ptimism n. 乐观主义ptimist n. 乐观主义者
Yu’ll have t dismiss yur pessimistic view f life. 你得摒弃你对生活的悲观看法。They appeared surprisingly pessimistic abut their chances f winning. 他们对获胜的可能性表现出令人惊讶的悲观态度。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)All the families are pessimistic ________ their life in the future. (2)Althugh they live in pverty, they are nt ________ (pessimistic) at all.
(3)She has lst her jb and is living quite ________ (pessimist) all day lng. (4)Mike desn’t think well f the sciety and he is a man f ________ (pessimist). 【答案】(1)abut (2)pessimists(3)pessimistically (4)pessimism
4．lead t导致，引起；通向(P14)Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. 【翻译】例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
lead t中的t是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语lead sb. t smeplace带领某人到某地lead sb. t d sth. 使某人做某事lead a…life过着……的生活lead sb. int smeplace把某人领进某地lead the way引路；带路
This rad leads t the statin. 这条路通往车站。The discvery f new evidence led t the thief’s being caught. 新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。This has led scientists t think ut ther slutins t the prblem. 这就使得科学家不得不考虑其他解决问题的方法。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)It was a child wh ________ the freigner ________ the village. 是一位小孩把这个外国人领进了这个村子。(2)This rad ________________ the twn. 这条路通往镇上。
(3)This experience ________ Li Ming ________________ ________ much harder than befre. 这段经历使得李明更加努力地学习了。(4)All the ld peple in ur village ________________ . 我们村所有的老人都过着幸福的生活。【答案】(1)led; t (2)leads t (3)led; t wrk(4)lead a happy life
5．in respnse t回答；答复(P14)Secndly, there is a “rutine”， the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue. 【翻译】第二种是“常规”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。
(1)in respnse t响应；回答；对……有反应(在句中作状语)(2)respnd t 响应；回应(在句中作谓语)
The prduct was develped in respnse t custmer demand. 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。Like any ther public servants, the plice must respnd t public demand. 像任何其他公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求做出反应。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)Yu’ll have t ______________(回复) yur friend’s email at yur cnvenience. (2)They fired the clerk ________________(回应) the public demand. 【答案】(1)respnd t (2)in respnse t
6．rely n依赖；依靠；信赖(P15)The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. 【翻译】奖励使我们更有可能继续这种循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯就形成了。
(1)rely n/upn sb. /sth. 依赖、指望某人/某物rely n sb. t d sth. 指望某人做某事rely n ne’s ding sth. 指望某人做某事rely n it that… 相信……；指望……(2)depend n/upn依赖；依靠cunt n/upn依赖；依靠
It’s unwise t simply rely n technlgy. 仅仅依靠科技是不明智的。Yu may rely n it that he will cme t meet yu. 你放心好了，他会来见你的。The success f this prject relies n everyne making an effrt. 本项目的成功有赖于诸位一起努力。
As sme f these actrs culd nt sing well enugh，they had t rely n ther musicians t help them. 由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的音乐人来帮助他们。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)Yu can rely ________ nbdy but yurself n yur life jurney. (2)Our success relies ttally n ________ (devte) ur persnal effrts.
(3)Yu may rely n ________ that they will turn up t help yu in time. (4)Yu can’t always rely n thers ________ (give) yu the answer. 【答案】(1)n/upn (2)devting (3)it (4)t give
1．(P14)T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. 【翻译】改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使你尝试过很多次。【句式剖析】“T change bad habits”是一个动词不定式，在句中作主语。其谓语部分是一个“be＋形容词”构成的系表结构。
【归纳拓展】不定式作主语可以转换成如下结构：(1)It is＋adj. ＋不定式。(2)主语(名词)＋be＋不定式。
T learn English well is necessary fr schl students. ＝It is necessary fr schl students t learn English well. 学生学好英语是十分必要的。T take care f the children is my jb. ＝My jb is t take care f the children. 我的工作就是照看这些孩子。
[针对练习]翻译句子(1)他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多的作业。________________________________________________(2)我明年的目标就是进入北京大学。________________________________________________
【答案】(1)It is impssible fr him t finish s much hmewrk in such a shrt time. ＝T finish s much hmewrk in such a shrt time is impssible fr him. (2)My gal is t enter Peking University next year. ＝T enter Peking University is my gal next year.
2．(P14)The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk. 【翻译】好消息是我们可以改变，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的。【句式剖析】在本句中，连词that引导一个表语从句，解释主语的内容。
【归纳拓展】(1)that引导一个表语从句，解释主语的内容。这时的that是一个连词，不在句子中充当任何成分。(2)“The reasn why…is/was that…”也是一个常用的句型，意为“……的原因是……”(表语从句的引导词用that引导，而不用because)
The reasn why Tm came late fr the meeting was that he was ill. 汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。Their belief is that this is the nly way fr many f these natins t escape their painful pasts. 他们认为这是许多类似国家逃避不堪回首的往事的唯一的办法。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)My prpsal is ________ we shuld hld a meeting t discuss the prblem. (2)The reasn why he was angry was ________ her husband had brken her mbile phne. 【答案】(1)that (2)that
3．(P15)S, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favrite music instead(rutine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward). 【翻译】所以，当我们再次感到不开心的时候(信号)，与其吃零食，不如听一些我们喜欢的音乐(常规)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)。
【句式剖析】which在本句中是一个关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的名词music，对其进行一个补充性的说明，并不是对这个先行词作出限制性的修饰。
【归纳拓展】which引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法注意如下三点：(1)其先行词可以是一个词；(2)其先行词也可以是一个句子；(3)非限制性定语从句指物时，只能用which引导这个定语从句，不可用that。
Mike gt his car stlen last night, which made him very sad. 迈克的汽车昨晚被偷了，这使得他很难过。The bridge, which was built in 1950s, gt destryed in a heavy rain last mnth. 这座桥建于20世纪50年代。在上个月的大雨中，它被冲毁了。
Over time, a lt f sil has been remved, which has caused serius ersin f the land alng the Yellw River. 经年累月，大量的泥土被冲走，导致黄河两岸严重的水土流失。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)She refused t live with male cranes, and even had a reputatin(名声)fr killing sme f them, ________ made it impssible fr her t becme a mther.
(2)I culd nly have left it n the G9 bus, ________ was nw speeding in the dark t sme unknwn statin. (3)I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, ________ allwed me t keep my high scial status.
完成句子(4)The little dg lks smart, ________________ (它是我上周买的). (5)The little by did very well in the exam, _______________ (这使得他的父母很高兴). (6)The pet cat finally returned hme, ________________ (我上周花了很多钱买的).
【答案】(1)which (2)which (3)which(4)which I bught last week(5)which made his parents very happy(6)which I paid a lt f mney fr last week
Ⅰ．配对练习请从后面的七个选项中选出最恰当的一个补全句子。1．Aside frm changing bad habits, ________ . 2．We make a chice t d smething, ________ . 3．The gd news is that we can change, ________ .
4．In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, ________ . 5．Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, ________ .
【答案】1-5 FECBG
A．when they grw upB．but ver a lng perid f timeC．if we understand hw habits wrkD．there is n “magic pill” r delete buttnE．and then we repeat it ver and ver againF．we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habitsG．which can lead t physical and mental health prblems
Ⅱ．课文语法填空It is easy fr teenagers t frm bad habits. Once they have frmed bad habits, it will be difficult fr them t change. Therefre, it is imprtant t prevent bad habits frm 1．________ (dminate) teenagers’ life. They shuld recgnize bad habits early and manage t change them 2．________ (repeat) in their daily life.
Hwever, 3．________ is never easy t change bad habits. What makes us happy is 4．________ if we understand the habit cycle, it is nt be s difficult t change ur bad habits.5．________ (facilitate) psitive change in ur bad habits, we need t examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt 6．________. We are suppsed t discver the cues f ur bad habits, and by 7．________ (change) the nrmal rutines, we can change ur bad habits.
It is a fact 8．________ ur bad habits wn’t be changed vernight. Instead, it will take us a lng time t reach ur gal. If yu are nt 9．________ (success) straight away, please dn’t feel pessimistic. Keep n trying, and yu 10．________ (give) up yur bad habits gradually. 【答案】1．dminating 2．repeatedly 3．it 4．that5．T facilitate 6．them 7．changing8．that 9．successful 10．will give
Ⅲ．课文概要写作________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：Once teenagers have frmed bad habits, it will be difficult fr them t change(要点1). Hwever, we can make changes t ur bad habits if we understand the habit cycle(要点2). When we make sme changes t ur daily rutines, we will succeed in changing ur bad habits(要点3). We can’t change ur bad habits vernight, s dn’t feel pessimistic if yu dn’t succeed straight away(要点4).
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．If ________ (take) int a warm rm, a piece f ice will turn int water sn. 2．___________ (earn) enugh t supprt herself will be mre than difficult fr this girl. 3．Have yu read the nvel ________ (base) n Mr Li’s wn experiences in the 1980s?
4．Yu’ll have t make the right ________ (chse) n yur life jurney befre yu succeed in life. 5．I have warned him ________ (repeat) nt t run int the bad habit f smking. 6．Dn’t be pessimistic ________ yur life in the future thugh yu are faced with many trubles nw. 7．My suggestin is ________ yu shuld spend mre time reading yur English bks alud in the mrning.
8．Nbdy can prevent the by frm ________ (attend) the ftball match next week. 9．Yu ught t wrk much harder at yur lessns ________ (catch) up with yur classmates. 10．The plice has clsed the KTV in this cmmunity in ________ (respnd) t the citizens’ demand.
【答案】1．taken 2．T earn 3．based 4．chice5．repeatedly 6．abut 7．that 8．attending9．t catch 10．respnse
Ⅱ．短语填空lead t, be invlved in, be based n, ver and ver again, aside frm, in respnse t, decide n, cme up with, rely n, rather than1．In my pinin, this essay is well written ___________ sme spelling mistakes. 2．Yu ught t spend mre time ding sprts _________ ding yur hmewrk after schl.
3．Each f us will ____________ thers frm time t time if we want t live well in the wrld. 4．The naughty by is making mistakes ________________ and his mther is mre than angry. 5．In time f danger, the clever by ________________ a bright idea t stay away frm danger. 6．This reprt ________________ his research in the lcal factries in the past fur mnths.
7．At the meeting we’ll have t ________________ what t d next after we finish ur wrk fr this mnth. 8．The traffic jams ____________ great chas n the Highway 22 yesterday mrning. 9．The three men wh ________________ the accident were taken away by the plice. 10．Yu’ll have t write a letter f thanks t Mr Li ________________ his kind help t yu.
【答案】1．aside frm 2．rather than 3．rely n4．ver and ver again 5．came up with 6．is based n7．decide n 8．led t 9．are invlved in10．in respnse t
Ⅲ．课文原句填空1．Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse， ________________ physical and mental health prblems. 例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
2．___________________ like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. 防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是非常重要的。3．Secndly, there is a “rutine”， the regular actin yu take ________________ the cue. 第二种是“常规”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。
4．___________________ is never easy, even with many attempts. 改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使你尝试过很多次。5．The gd news is ________________ if we understand hw habits wrk. 好消息是我们可以改变，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的。
【答案】1．which can lead t2．T prevent harmful habits3．in respnse t 4．T change bad habits5．that we can change
1．做出决定____________________2．导致；通向____________________3．涉及；与……有关____________________4．阻止某人做某事_______________________5．以……为基础____________________
make a decisin lead t be invlved in prevent sb. frm ding sth. be based n…
6．make a chice t d sth.____________________7．ver and ver again____________________8．in respnse t____________________9．aside frm____________________10．straight away____________________11．从……开始____________________
选择做某事 再三地；反复地 回应；回复 除……之外 立即 begin with…
12．采取步骤____________________13．克服不良习惯____________________14．决定____________________15．想出(办法、建议等)____________________16．rely n____________________17．rather than____________________18．replace A with B____________________
take steps break bad habits decide n cme up with 依靠 而不是 用B替代A
1．___________ (change) bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. (不定式作主语)2．The gd news is ________ we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk. (表语从句)3．___________ (facilitate) a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. (不定式作目的状语)
4．S, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favrite music instead(rutine), ________ will make us feel relaxed(reward). (非限制性定语从句)【答案】1．T change 2．that 3．T facilitate 4．which
Ⅰ．阅读课文HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE，匹配段落大意
【答案】1-7 CGAEFBD
Ⅱ．阅读课文，判断信息正误( )1．It is easy fr us t frm bad habits in ur childhd. ( )2．“We are what we repeatedly d. ” is a saying by Lazi. ( )3．T change ur bad habits, it’s necessary fr us t examine ur bad habit cycles first.
( )4．The authr thinks it is easy fr us t hpe t change ur bad habits. ( )5．The authr wants t tell teenagers nt t change their bad habits in a day. 【答案】1-5 TFTFT
Ⅲ．阅读课文，选择正确选项( )1．What des the authr intend t d in the first paragraph?A．Intrduce the tpic in this text. B．Shw us hw t change ur bad habits. C．Give us tw examples in ur life. D．Tell us nt t take drugs.
( )2．The key t changing ur bad habits is ________ . A．the three steps f habit frmatinB．the imprtance f a gd habitC．frming the right rutine fr pepleD．understanding hw habits wrk
( )3．The authr gives many examples in this text t ________ . A．shw his/her wide knwledgeB．supprt his tpicsC．persuade the readers t read mreD．call n us t take care f ur children
( )4．Thrugh the given examples in the text, yu will feel it easy fr yu t ________ . A．change yur bad habitsB．understand ther pepleC．grasp the authr’s ideasD．frm a gd habit
( )5．The authr writes this text t ________ . A．tell us the lng way t a gd habitB．shw us hw t break ur bad habitsC．give us sme tips in ur daily lifeD．remind us f the bad effect f habits【答案】1-5 ADBCB
1．dminate vt. &vi. 支配；控制；占有优势(P14)T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. 【翻译】防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是非常重要的。
(1)be dminated by sb. 由某人所控制、支配dminate the news成为最重要的新闻dminate the city俯视全城dminate the match/war在比赛/战争中占上风(2)dminatin n. 控制；影响
(3)dminating adj. 主要的；独裁的；有影响力的dminating figure主要人物； 强势人物dminating factr主导因素(4)dminatingly adv. 有领导作风地； 独裁地
The cathedral dminates the city. 大教堂俯视全城。The train crash dminated the news. 火车相撞事故成了最重要的新闻。As a child he was dminated by his father. 在他小时候，他的父亲主宰了他的一切。Arsenal dminated the first half f the match. 阿森纳队在上半场比赛中占据上风。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)He tended t ________________ . 他往往左右着交谈的内容。(2)She always says a lt in meetings, but she _____________ . 她在会上总是滔滔不绝，但她的话没什么影响。
(3)Mr Smith is bss f the cmpany, but it ________________ his wife. 公司老板是史密斯，但公司却被他老婆控制着。(4)The big tree ________________ . 这棵大树俯视全村。(5)The birds sn ________________ . 鸟类很快就在战斗中占了上风。
【答案】(1)dminate the cnversatin(2)desn’t dminate(3)is dminated by(4)dminates the village(5)dminated the fight
2．repeatedly adv. 重复地(P14)We are what we repeatedly d. 【翻译】重复的行为造就了我们。
repeat v. 重复说(或写)；重复做；重播(节目)repeated adj. 重复的repeatability n. 重复性；再现性repetitin n. 重复
I’m srry—culd yu repeat that?对不起——你可以再说一遍吗？He struck at me repeatedly with a stick. 他拿着棍子不断地打我。The tw biggest prblems are repeatability and speed. 其中两个最大的问题就是重复性和速度。
Harvard tk the lead and remained calm by the repeated challenges. 哈佛取得了领先地位，经过再三挑战后仍然镇定自若。He culd als have cut ut much f the repetitin and thus saved many pages. 他本来也可以删掉很多重复的语句，省去很多页数。
[针对练习]用repeat的适当形式填空(1)The by has cmmitted the same mistake ________ and shuld be punished. (2)The students asked the teacher ________ what he had said in class.
(3)The bss’s ________ warnings made many f my friends unhappy. (4)The majr advantage with this machine is ________ and punctuality. (5)N histrical phenmenn is a mere ________ f the past. 【答案】(1)repeatedly (2)t repeat (3)repeated(4)repeatability (5)repetitin
3．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的(P15)…we ften becme pessimistic and give up. 【翻译】……我们常常变得悲观而放弃。【用法详解】(1)be pessimistic abut…对……很悲观pessimistic view f life悲观的人生观(2)pessimistically adv. 悲观地
(3)pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义者(4)pessimist n. 悲观主义(5)ptimistic adj. 乐观的ptimistically adv. 乐观地ptimism n. 乐观主义ptimist n. 乐观主义者
Yu’ll have t dismiss yur pessimistic view f life. 你得摒弃你对生活的悲观看法。They appeared surprisingly pessimistic abut their chances f winning. 他们对获胜的可能性表现出令人惊讶的悲观态度。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)All the families are pessimistic ________ their life in the future. (2)Althugh they live in pverty, they are nt ________ (pessimistic) at all.
(3)She has lst her jb and is living quite ________ (pessimist) all day lng. (4)Mike desn’t think well f the sciety and he is a man f ________ (pessimist). 【答案】(1)abut (2)pessimists(3)pessimistically (4)pessimism
4．lead t导致，引起；通向(P14)Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. 【翻译】例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
lead t中的t是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语lead sb. t smeplace带领某人到某地lead sb. t d sth. 使某人做某事lead a…life过着……的生活lead sb. int smeplace把某人领进某地lead the way引路；带路
This rad leads t the statin. 这条路通往车站。The discvery f new evidence led t the thief’s being caught. 新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。This has led scientists t think ut ther slutins t the prblem. 这就使得科学家不得不考虑其他解决问题的方法。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)It was a child wh ________ the freigner ________ the village. 是一位小孩把这个外国人领进了这个村子。(2)This rad ________________ the twn. 这条路通往镇上。
(3)This experience ________ Li Ming ________________ ________ much harder than befre. 这段经历使得李明更加努力地学习了。(4)All the ld peple in ur village ________________ . 我们村所有的老人都过着幸福的生活。【答案】(1)led; t (2)leads t (3)led; t wrk(4)lead a happy life
5．in respnse t回答；答复(P14)Secndly, there is a “rutine”， the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue. 【翻译】第二种是“常规”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。
(1)in respnse t响应；回答；对……有反应(在句中作状语)(2)respnd t 响应；回应(在句中作谓语)
The prduct was develped in respnse t custmer demand. 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。Like any ther public servants, the plice must respnd t public demand. 像任何其他公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求做出反应。
[针对练习]完成句子(1)Yu’ll have t ______________(回复) yur friend’s email at yur cnvenience. (2)They fired the clerk ________________(回应) the public demand. 【答案】(1)respnd t (2)in respnse t
6．rely n依赖；依靠；信赖(P15)The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. 【翻译】奖励使我们更有可能继续这种循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯就形成了。
(1)rely n/upn sb. /sth. 依赖、指望某人/某物rely n sb. t d sth. 指望某人做某事rely n ne’s ding sth. 指望某人做某事rely n it that… 相信……；指望……(2)depend n/upn依赖；依靠cunt n/upn依赖；依靠
It’s unwise t simply rely n technlgy. 仅仅依靠科技是不明智的。Yu may rely n it that he will cme t meet yu. 你放心好了，他会来见你的。The success f this prject relies n everyne making an effrt. 本项目的成功有赖于诸位一起努力。
As sme f these actrs culd nt sing well enugh，they had t rely n ther musicians t help them. 由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的音乐人来帮助他们。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)Yu can rely ________ nbdy but yurself n yur life jurney. (2)Our success relies ttally n ________ (devte) ur persnal effrts.
(3)Yu may rely n ________ that they will turn up t help yu in time. (4)Yu can’t always rely n thers ________ (give) yu the answer. 【答案】(1)n/upn (2)devting (3)it (4)t give
1．(P14)T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. 【翻译】改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使你尝试过很多次。【句式剖析】“T change bad habits”是一个动词不定式，在句中作主语。其谓语部分是一个“be＋形容词”构成的系表结构。
【归纳拓展】不定式作主语可以转换成如下结构：(1)It is＋adj. ＋不定式。(2)主语(名词)＋be＋不定式。
T learn English well is necessary fr schl students. ＝It is necessary fr schl students t learn English well. 学生学好英语是十分必要的。T take care f the children is my jb. ＝My jb is t take care f the children. 我的工作就是照看这些孩子。
[针对练习]翻译句子(1)他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多的作业。________________________________________________(2)我明年的目标就是进入北京大学。________________________________________________
【答案】(1)It is impssible fr him t finish s much hmewrk in such a shrt time. ＝T finish s much hmewrk in such a shrt time is impssible fr him. (2)My gal is t enter Peking University next year. ＝T enter Peking University is my gal next year.
2．(P14)The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk. 【翻译】好消息是我们可以改变，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的。【句式剖析】在本句中，连词that引导一个表语从句，解释主语的内容。
【归纳拓展】(1)that引导一个表语从句，解释主语的内容。这时的that是一个连词，不在句子中充当任何成分。(2)“The reasn why…is/was that…”也是一个常用的句型，意为“……的原因是……”(表语从句的引导词用that引导，而不用because)
The reasn why Tm came late fr the meeting was that he was ill. 汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。Their belief is that this is the nly way fr many f these natins t escape their painful pasts. 他们认为这是许多类似国家逃避不堪回首的往事的唯一的办法。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)My prpsal is ________ we shuld hld a meeting t discuss the prblem. (2)The reasn why he was angry was ________ her husband had brken her mbile phne. 【答案】(1)that (2)that
3．(P15)S, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favrite music instead(rutine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward). 【翻译】所以，当我们再次感到不开心的时候(信号)，与其吃零食，不如听一些我们喜欢的音乐(常规)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)。
【句式剖析】which在本句中是一个关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的名词music，对其进行一个补充性的说明，并不是对这个先行词作出限制性的修饰。
【归纳拓展】which引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法注意如下三点：(1)其先行词可以是一个词；(2)其先行词也可以是一个句子；(3)非限制性定语从句指物时，只能用which引导这个定语从句，不可用that。
Mike gt his car stlen last night, which made him very sad. 迈克的汽车昨晚被偷了，这使得他很难过。The bridge, which was built in 1950s, gt destryed in a heavy rain last mnth. 这座桥建于20世纪50年代。在上个月的大雨中，它被冲毁了。
Over time, a lt f sil has been remved, which has caused serius ersin f the land alng the Yellw River. 经年累月，大量的泥土被冲走，导致黄河两岸严重的水土流失。
[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)She refused t live with male cranes, and even had a reputatin(名声)fr killing sme f them, ________ made it impssible fr her t becme a mther.
(2)I culd nly have left it n the G9 bus, ________ was nw speeding in the dark t sme unknwn statin. (3)I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, ________ allwed me t keep my high scial status.
完成句子(4)The little dg lks smart, ________________ (它是我上周买的). (5)The little by did very well in the exam, _______________ (这使得他的父母很高兴). (6)The pet cat finally returned hme, ________________ (我上周花了很多钱买的).
【答案】(1)which (2)which (3)which(4)which I bught last week(5)which made his parents very happy(6)which I paid a lt f mney fr last week
Ⅰ．配对练习请从后面的七个选项中选出最恰当的一个补全句子。1．Aside frm changing bad habits, ________ . 2．We make a chice t d smething, ________ . 3．The gd news is that we can change, ________ .
4．In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, ________ . 5．Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, ________ .
【答案】1-5 FECBG
A．when they grw upB．but ver a lng perid f timeC．if we understand hw habits wrkD．there is n “magic pill” r delete buttnE．and then we repeat it ver and ver againF．we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habitsG．which can lead t physical and mental health prblems
Ⅱ．课文语法填空It is easy fr teenagers t frm bad habits. Once they have frmed bad habits, it will be difficult fr them t change. Therefre, it is imprtant t prevent bad habits frm 1．________ (dminate) teenagers’ life. They shuld recgnize bad habits early and manage t change them 2．________ (repeat) in their daily life.
Hwever, 3．________ is never easy t change bad habits. What makes us happy is 4．________ if we understand the habit cycle, it is nt be s difficult t change ur bad habits.5．________ (facilitate) psitive change in ur bad habits, we need t examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt 6．________. We are suppsed t discver the cues f ur bad habits, and by 7．________ (change) the nrmal rutines, we can change ur bad habits.
It is a fact 8．________ ur bad habits wn’t be changed vernight. Instead, it will take us a lng time t reach ur gal. If yu are nt 9．________ (success) straight away, please dn’t feel pessimistic. Keep n trying, and yu 10．________ (give) up yur bad habits gradually. 【答案】1．dminating 2．repeatedly 3．it 4．that5．T facilitate 6．them 7．changing8．that 9．successful 10．will give
Ⅲ．课文概要写作________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：Once teenagers have frmed bad habits, it will be difficult fr them t change(要点1). Hwever, we can make changes t ur bad habits if we understand the habit cycle(要点2). When we make sme changes t ur daily rutines, we will succeed in changing ur bad habits(要点3). We can’t change ur bad habits vernight, s dn’t feel pessimistic if yu dn’t succeed straight away(要点4).
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．If ________ (take) int a warm rm, a piece f ice will turn int water sn. 2．___________ (earn) enugh t supprt herself will be mre than difficult fr this girl. 3．Have yu read the nvel ________ (base) n Mr Li’s wn experiences in the 1980s?
4．Yu’ll have t make the right ________ (chse) n yur life jurney befre yu succeed in life. 5．I have warned him ________ (repeat) nt t run int the bad habit f smking. 6．Dn’t be pessimistic ________ yur life in the future thugh yu are faced with many trubles nw. 7．My suggestin is ________ yu shuld spend mre time reading yur English bks alud in the mrning.
8．Nbdy can prevent the by frm ________ (attend) the ftball match next week. 9．Yu ught t wrk much harder at yur lessns ________ (catch) up with yur classmates. 10．The plice has clsed the KTV in this cmmunity in ________ (respnd) t the citizens’ demand.
【答案】1．taken 2．T earn 3．based 4．chice5．repeatedly 6．abut 7．that 8．attending9．t catch 10．respnse
Ⅱ．短语填空lead t, be invlved in, be based n, ver and ver again, aside frm, in respnse t, decide n, cme up with, rely n, rather than1．In my pinin, this essay is well written ___________ sme spelling mistakes. 2．Yu ught t spend mre time ding sprts _________ ding yur hmewrk after schl.
3．Each f us will ____________ thers frm time t time if we want t live well in the wrld. 4．The naughty by is making mistakes ________________ and his mther is mre than angry. 5．In time f danger, the clever by ________________ a bright idea t stay away frm danger. 6．This reprt ________________ his research in the lcal factries in the past fur mnths.
7．At the meeting we’ll have t ________________ what t d next after we finish ur wrk fr this mnth. 8．The traffic jams ____________ great chas n the Highway 22 yesterday mrning. 9．The three men wh ________________ the accident were taken away by the plice. 10．Yu’ll have t write a letter f thanks t Mr Li ________________ his kind help t yu.
【答案】1．aside frm 2．rather than 3．rely n4．ver and ver again 5．came up with 6．is based n7．decide n 8．led t 9．are invlved in10．in respnse t
Ⅲ．课文原句填空1．Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse， ________________ physical and mental health prblems. 例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
2．___________________ like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential. 防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是非常重要的。3．Secndly, there is a “rutine”， the regular actin yu take ________________ the cue. 第二种是“常规”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。
4．___________________ is never easy, even with many attempts. 改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使你尝试过很多次。5．The gd news is ________________ if we understand hw habits wrk. 好消息是我们可以改变，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的。
【答案】1．which can lead t2．T prevent harmful habits3．in respnse t 4．T change bad habits5．that we can change
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