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英语必修4Module 4 Great Scientists课堂教学课件ppt
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这是一份英语必修4Module 4 Great Scientists课堂教学课件ppt，文件包含Module4第3课时ppt、Module4第3课时doc等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共57页， 欢迎下载使用。
Great Scientists
第三课时 Cultural Crner
1.1.1 集合的概念
Ⅰ.写出黑体单词在句中的汉语意思1．He learned this lessn the hard way—frm his wn persnal experience. ( )2．Tm came up with a brilliant idea fr the bk.( )3．I began my teaching ever since I graduated frm the Nrmal University. ( )4．Taking t much exercise may d harm t ur physical health. ( )5．He realized that his acting career was ver.( )
6．What yu say is partly true.( )7．They watched him clsely in case he shuld escape.( )8. The crwd panicked at the sund f the explsin.( )
Ⅱ.短语互译1．________________ 被绑/系到……上面；隶属2．________________ 掌权3．________________ 简言之4．________________ 从……逃脱5．________________ 被诊断为6．by accident _________7．be at war with __________________8．earn ne's living ______
be attached... t...
be diagnsed with
Ⅲ.读文章，匹配段落大意A．Rckets were first invented by Chinese abut 2,000 years ag.B．Rckets were als used in ther ways.C．Tday rckets are used t send astrnauts int space r celebrate great events.D．First rckets were used in battles in China and then it was spread t Eurpe.Para. 1________ Para. 2________Para. 3________ Para. 4________
1.advanced adj.(1)进步的；高深的He is spending a year in advanced studies.他正花一年的时间做高深的研究。(2)超新的；先进的(思想生活方式等)Mst peple find her advanced ideas difficult t accept.大多数人都觉得她的先进思想难以接受。
知识拓展(1)advance v．/n.(2)advanced in years 年老的(3)in advance 提前；事先
即学即用英译汉The launch f Chang'e 1 satellite t the mn was a big advance in the space explratin fr ur cuntry.________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：嫦娥一号探月卫星的成功发射，大大推动了我国太空事业的发展。
2．explsin n．[U，C]爆炸；爆炸声The explsin may have been caused by a gas leak.那次爆炸可能是煤气泄漏引起的。The explsin culd be heard miles away.爆炸声数英里外都听得到。
知识拓展explde vi. 爆炸，爆发A time bmb explded twenty minutes after the plane tk ff.飞机起飞后二十分钟一枚定时炸弹爆炸了。The bss explded with anger when he saw the sales reprt.老板看了销售报告勃然大怒。
辨析：explde, break ut与 burstFrtunately, n ne was hurt when the gas main explded.当煤气总管爆炸时，幸好没有伤着。The secnd wrld war brke ut in the 1930s.二十世纪三十年代爆发了第二次世界大战。The pipe burst and a sput f water sht ut.水管破裂了，一股水喷了出来。
即学即用语法填空(1)An ________(explde) is caused by the very rapid release f a large amunt f energy.答案：explsin explsin“爆发，爆炸”，符合句意。句意为：爆炸是迅速释放大量能量的结果。(2)Never dispse f batteries in a fire because they may ________.答案：explde explde“爆炸，爆发”，符合句意。句意为：不要将电池放入火中，以免引起爆炸。
3．fficial n．官员；公务员；行政人员 adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的；官式的；官僚的gvernment fficials 政府官员make an fficial statement 发表正式声明He is in his fficial unifrm.他穿着制服。
辨析：fficial与fficerfficer常指身着特定制服的官员(如军官，警官)fficial常指政府官员；行政官员。My father is an fficer in the army, while his father is an fficial.我爸爸是部队上的军官，而他的爸爸是政府官员。
即学即用单词拼写The cuntry's ________language is English.答案：fficial
4．escape v．逃跑；逃避The prisners attempted t escape but failed.囚犯们企图逃跑，但是失败了。Yu can't expect that smething may escape the teacher's eyes.你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的眼睛。
知识拓展(1)escape作及物动词时，后跟名词或动名词；作不及物动词时，后跟frm或ut f。(2)固定搭配：escape frm逃离……It was reprted that fur men escaped frm prisn yesterday.据报道，昨天四个人越狱逃跑了。A lin has escaped frm its cage.有一头狮子从笼中逃走了。
辨析：escape与fleeThe thief jumped int a car and escaped.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。The enemy sldiers were fleeing in all directins.敌兵四处逃窜。
即学即用语法填空The by managed t ________ the burning huse, but he culdn't ________ punishment because the fire was caused by his playing with matches.答案：escape frm; escape “从……逃脱”，用 escape frm; 当“避免，逃避”讲时，escape为及物动词，escape punishment“逃避惩罚”。
5．clear v．(烟雾)消散；清除The plane can't take ff until the fg clears.直到大雾散去，飞机才能起飞。The clud slwly cleared and the sun came ut.云渐渐散去，太阳出来了。We cleared the stnes frm the rad.我们清除了路上的石子。
知识拓展clear away 清除；整理Our jb is t clear away the rubbish.我们的工作是清除这些垃圾。clear up(天气)放晴；整理，收拾；澄清；露出喜悦的表情If the weather clears up, we can g ut fr a walk.如果天气放晴，我们可以出去散步。The guests are cming. Please clear up the things n the table.客人就要来了。请整理一下桌子上的东西。
即学即用语法填空Their faces ________(clear up) after the lngterm misunderstandings were ________(clear up)．答案：cleared up; cleared up clear up“澄清(及物)，露出喜悦的表情(不及物)”。句意为：长期的误会消除之后，他们的脸色也变好了，由句意可知第一空用主动语态，第二空用被动语态。
1.be at war with 与……交战Nw the tw cuntries are at war with each ther.现在这两个国家正在交战。
知识拓展g t war 宣战；进入战争时态a civil/cld war 内战/冷战make/declare war n... 对……宣战win a war 赢得战争be at peace 处于和平live in peace 生活宁静make peace with 与……讲和
即学即用The tw cuntries used t be________war, but nw they are________peace.答案：at；in be at war 意为“交战”；be in peace“与……和平相处”，句意：这两个国家过去交战，但现在他们和平相处。
2． 让……一直干……Dn't keep the water running all the time. Turn it ff.不要让水老是不停地流，把它关上。
知识拓展(1)同义短语： 使某人做某事(2)常用短语： ding 阻止某人做某事(stp与prevent短语中frm可以省略，意思不变；但keep短语中不可省略)keep ding sth. 一直做某事(强调动作的延续)keep n ding sth. 反复做某事(强调动作的反复)
即学即用语法填空He kept the light in his rm________(burn) the whle night.答案：burning keep the light burning 意为“让灯一直亮着”；the light与burn之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词作宾语补足语。
1.The tubes were attached t a lng stick which helped keep the rcket mving in a straight directin.箭管被绑在一根长长的棍子上，以便保持火箭的直线飞行。本句中使用了一个非常重要的介词in与directin搭配，表示“朝……的方向”。这在考试中经常被考查，而学生最易误用的介词是t，所以需引起各位同学的注意。
①They hit a truck cming in the ppsite directin.他们撞上一辆迎面开来的卡车。②Tm went ff in the directin f the pst ffice.汤姆朝邮局方向去了。③When the plice arrived, the crwd scattered in all directins.警察赶到后，人群便向四面八方散开了。
即学即用语法填空On hearing the sund, the birds flew away________every directin.答案：in 朝四面八方用“in every directin”或者“in all directins”来表达。句意为：听到响声，鸟儿向四面八方飞去。
2．Sn the Mngls learned hw t make rckets themselves and it is pssible that they intrduced them t Eurpe.不久蒙古人学会了自己如何制造火箭，并且可能由此把它们介绍到了欧洲。句法分析(1)hw t make rckets是“疑问句＋动词不定式”作宾语这一结构，除作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语。①I dn't knw what t d nw.我不知道现在该做什么。
②When and where t build the factry hasn't been decided yet.何时何地建这个工厂还没有决定。③The questin is hw t start it.问题是这件事该怎么开始呢。 (2)It is pssible that... 可能……。it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句。It is pssible that he will cme.他可能来。
图解prbable, likely与pssible的异同：
即学即用语法填空—It's n use having ideas nly.—Dn't wrry. Peter can shw yu________t turn an idea int an act.答案：hw 句意：——只有主意没用。——不要担心，彼得会教给你怎样把主意变为行动。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，根据句意，hw正确。
3．But nt everybdy wanted t use rckets in battles.但是并不是所有的人都想把火箭用到战争中。nt everybdy并不是全部否定，表示部分否定。Nt everybdy passed the examinatin.＝Smebdy didn't pass the examinatin.并不是所有的人都通过了考试。
I dn't want either f them.＝I want neither f them.两者我都不要。I dn't want bth f them. 两者我不都要。I want nne f the three. 三者我都不要。I dn't want all f the three. 三者我不都要。
链接：英语中有些副词如always, necessarily, whlly等在句中作状语，若句中含有nt，则本句话为部分否定，而非全部否定。①The rich men are nt always happy.有钱的人并非都幸福。②Fd that lks gd desn't necessarily taste gd.好看的食物并不一定好吃。
即学即用Jim sld mst f his things. He has hardly________(smething) left in the huse.答案：anything 句意为“吉姆卖掉了他的大部分东西 ，几乎没有任何东西剩下”。hardly为否定副词，所以要用anything。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The ________(火箭) gets farther int space.2．The prblem f ________(千年) Bug is said t have been slved by scientists.3．________(火药)was used in China as far back as the 11th century.4．The bmb ________(爆炸) suddenly, but nbdy was injured.
5．Time flies as swiftly as an________(箭), and the seasn passes as quickly as a stream.6．A ray f light usually travels in a ________(直的) line, but smetimes it bends.7．The cluds ________(消散) away and the stars shne very brightly.答案：1.rcket 2.Millennium 3.Gunpwder 4.explded 5.arrw 6.straight 7.cleared
Ⅱ.同义句转换1. The chairman made an intrductin f the lecturer t the audience.The chairman ________ the lecturer ________ the audience.2. The crwd in a panic fled in all directins.The crwd in a panic fled ________ ________ ________.3. They gt tgether t cngratulate him n his 50th birthday.They gt tgether t ________ his 50th birthday.
4. All students in this class are nt hardwrking.________ ________ ________ in this class is hardwrking.5. He was carried miles int space and became the wrld's first astrnaut.He was carried miles int space, ________ the wrld's first astrnaut.答案：1.intrduced; t 2.in every directin 3.celebrate 4.Nt every student 5.becming
Ⅲ.语法填空1．Dn't keep the dr________(pen) at night.答案：pen 句意：晚上不要让门开着。keep the dr pen“让门开着”。pen是形容词表状态，作宾补。2．—What an amazing film! It's the mst interesting film I've ever seen.—But I'm sure it wn't interest ________.答案：everybdy 本题考查部分否定的用法。由转折词but可知：尽管你认为那是一部最有趣的电影，但它并不一定令每一个人都感兴趣。nt everybdy“并非每一个人”。
3．The secret was cleared________ when he admitted he had been there all the time.答案：up 句意：当他承认他一直在那儿的时候，秘密就揭开了。clear up“消除(误会、疑虑)等”，符合句意。4．The bmb ________(explde) at 10：15 a．m. and killed 16 persns altgether.答案：explded 句意：炸弹在上午10：15爆炸，总共造成16人死亡。explde“爆炸”，由句意可知用一般过去时。
5．N matter hw much yu may dislike the adverts, there's n way t ________ them in an age f glbalizatin.答案：escape 句意：不论你多么不喜欢广告，在这个全球化的时代，没有办法能够逃避它们。escape“逃避，逃脱”，符合句意。6．Madam Curie________ the element f Radium(镭元素) while Bell________ the telephnes.答案：discvered; invented 句意：居里夫人发现了镭元素而贝尔发明了电话。discver“发现”指初次看见本来已存在但以前未被发现的事物。invent“发明”是指创造前所未有的事物。
7．Brn in Beijing, Yuan Lngping graduated________ Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in China in 1953.答案：frm 考查固定短语。graduate frm“毕业于……”。8．The firewrks didn't g upwards ________ a straight directin but explded at the spt.答案：in directin“方向，方位”，常和介词in搭配。
9．He was frtunate enugh t have escaped ________(kill) in that earthquake.答案：being killed 句意：他足够幸运以至于在地震中逃脱了死亡。escape ding sth.“逃脱做某事”，又因kill与he是动宾关系，故用动名词的被动形式。10．He ________ the questin f his absence in the presence f all his classmates.答案：cleared up clear up“解释，澄清，解决”。句意为：他当着全班同学的面澄清了他缺席的疑团。
Great Scientists
第三课时 Cultural Crner
1.1.1 集合的概念
Ⅰ.写出黑体单词在句中的汉语意思1．He learned this lessn the hard way—frm his wn persnal experience. ( )2．Tm came up with a brilliant idea fr the bk.( )3．I began my teaching ever since I graduated frm the Nrmal University. ( )4．Taking t much exercise may d harm t ur physical health. ( )5．He realized that his acting career was ver.( )
6．What yu say is partly true.( )7．They watched him clsely in case he shuld escape.( )8. The crwd panicked at the sund f the explsin.( )
Ⅱ.短语互译1．________________ 被绑/系到……上面；隶属2．________________ 掌权3．________________ 简言之4．________________ 从……逃脱5．________________ 被诊断为6．by accident _________7．be at war with __________________8．earn ne's living ______
be attached... t...
be diagnsed with
Ⅲ.读文章，匹配段落大意A．Rckets were first invented by Chinese abut 2,000 years ag.B．Rckets were als used in ther ways.C．Tday rckets are used t send astrnauts int space r celebrate great events.D．First rckets were used in battles in China and then it was spread t Eurpe.Para. 1________ Para. 2________Para. 3________ Para. 4________
1.advanced adj.(1)进步的；高深的He is spending a year in advanced studies.他正花一年的时间做高深的研究。(2)超新的；先进的(思想生活方式等)Mst peple find her advanced ideas difficult t accept.大多数人都觉得她的先进思想难以接受。
知识拓展(1)advance v．/n.(2)advanced in years 年老的(3)in advance 提前；事先
即学即用英译汉The launch f Chang'e 1 satellite t the mn was a big advance in the space explratin fr ur cuntry.________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：嫦娥一号探月卫星的成功发射，大大推动了我国太空事业的发展。
2．explsin n．[U，C]爆炸；爆炸声The explsin may have been caused by a gas leak.那次爆炸可能是煤气泄漏引起的。The explsin culd be heard miles away.爆炸声数英里外都听得到。
知识拓展explde vi. 爆炸，爆发A time bmb explded twenty minutes after the plane tk ff.飞机起飞后二十分钟一枚定时炸弹爆炸了。The bss explded with anger when he saw the sales reprt.老板看了销售报告勃然大怒。
辨析：explde, break ut与 burstFrtunately, n ne was hurt when the gas main explded.当煤气总管爆炸时，幸好没有伤着。The secnd wrld war brke ut in the 1930s.二十世纪三十年代爆发了第二次世界大战。The pipe burst and a sput f water sht ut.水管破裂了，一股水喷了出来。
即学即用语法填空(1)An ________(explde) is caused by the very rapid release f a large amunt f energy.答案：explsin explsin“爆发，爆炸”，符合句意。句意为：爆炸是迅速释放大量能量的结果。(2)Never dispse f batteries in a fire because they may ________.答案：explde explde“爆炸，爆发”，符合句意。句意为：不要将电池放入火中，以免引起爆炸。
3．fficial n．官员；公务员；行政人员 adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的；官式的；官僚的gvernment fficials 政府官员make an fficial statement 发表正式声明He is in his fficial unifrm.他穿着制服。
辨析：fficial与fficerfficer常指身着特定制服的官员(如军官，警官)fficial常指政府官员；行政官员。My father is an fficer in the army, while his father is an fficial.我爸爸是部队上的军官，而他的爸爸是政府官员。
即学即用单词拼写The cuntry's ________language is English.答案：fficial
4．escape v．逃跑；逃避The prisners attempted t escape but failed.囚犯们企图逃跑，但是失败了。Yu can't expect that smething may escape the teacher's eyes.你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的眼睛。
知识拓展(1)escape作及物动词时，后跟名词或动名词；作不及物动词时，后跟frm或ut f。(2)固定搭配：escape frm逃离……It was reprted that fur men escaped frm prisn yesterday.据报道，昨天四个人越狱逃跑了。A lin has escaped frm its cage.有一头狮子从笼中逃走了。
辨析：escape与fleeThe thief jumped int a car and escaped.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。The enemy sldiers were fleeing in all directins.敌兵四处逃窜。
即学即用语法填空The by managed t ________ the burning huse, but he culdn't ________ punishment because the fire was caused by his playing with matches.答案：escape frm; escape “从……逃脱”，用 escape frm; 当“避免，逃避”讲时，escape为及物动词，escape punishment“逃避惩罚”。
5．clear v．(烟雾)消散；清除The plane can't take ff until the fg clears.直到大雾散去，飞机才能起飞。The clud slwly cleared and the sun came ut.云渐渐散去，太阳出来了。We cleared the stnes frm the rad.我们清除了路上的石子。
知识拓展clear away 清除；整理Our jb is t clear away the rubbish.我们的工作是清除这些垃圾。clear up(天气)放晴；整理，收拾；澄清；露出喜悦的表情If the weather clears up, we can g ut fr a walk.如果天气放晴，我们可以出去散步。The guests are cming. Please clear up the things n the table.客人就要来了。请整理一下桌子上的东西。
即学即用语法填空Their faces ________(clear up) after the lngterm misunderstandings were ________(clear up)．答案：cleared up; cleared up clear up“澄清(及物)，露出喜悦的表情(不及物)”。句意为：长期的误会消除之后，他们的脸色也变好了，由句意可知第一空用主动语态，第二空用被动语态。
1.be at war with 与……交战Nw the tw cuntries are at war with each ther.现在这两个国家正在交战。
知识拓展g t war 宣战；进入战争时态a civil/cld war 内战/冷战make/declare war n... 对……宣战win a war 赢得战争be at peace 处于和平live in peace 生活宁静make peace with 与……讲和
即学即用The tw cuntries used t be________war, but nw they are________peace.答案：at；in be at war 意为“交战”；be in peace“与……和平相处”，句意：这两个国家过去交战，但现在他们和平相处。
2． 让……一直干……Dn't keep the water running all the time. Turn it ff.不要让水老是不停地流，把它关上。
知识拓展(1)同义短语： 使某人做某事(2)常用短语： ding 阻止某人做某事(stp与prevent短语中frm可以省略，意思不变；但keep短语中不可省略)keep ding sth. 一直做某事(强调动作的延续)keep n ding sth. 反复做某事(强调动作的反复)
即学即用语法填空He kept the light in his rm________(burn) the whle night.答案：burning keep the light burning 意为“让灯一直亮着”；the light与burn之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词作宾语补足语。
1.The tubes were attached t a lng stick which helped keep the rcket mving in a straight directin.箭管被绑在一根长长的棍子上，以便保持火箭的直线飞行。本句中使用了一个非常重要的介词in与directin搭配，表示“朝……的方向”。这在考试中经常被考查，而学生最易误用的介词是t，所以需引起各位同学的注意。
①They hit a truck cming in the ppsite directin.他们撞上一辆迎面开来的卡车。②Tm went ff in the directin f the pst ffice.汤姆朝邮局方向去了。③When the plice arrived, the crwd scattered in all directins.警察赶到后，人群便向四面八方散开了。
即学即用语法填空On hearing the sund, the birds flew away________every directin.答案：in 朝四面八方用“in every directin”或者“in all directins”来表达。句意为：听到响声，鸟儿向四面八方飞去。
2．Sn the Mngls learned hw t make rckets themselves and it is pssible that they intrduced them t Eurpe.不久蒙古人学会了自己如何制造火箭，并且可能由此把它们介绍到了欧洲。句法分析(1)hw t make rckets是“疑问句＋动词不定式”作宾语这一结构，除作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语。①I dn't knw what t d nw.我不知道现在该做什么。
②When and where t build the factry hasn't been decided yet.何时何地建这个工厂还没有决定。③The questin is hw t start it.问题是这件事该怎么开始呢。 (2)It is pssible that... 可能……。it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句。It is pssible that he will cme.他可能来。
图解prbable, likely与pssible的异同：
即学即用语法填空—It's n use having ideas nly.—Dn't wrry. Peter can shw yu________t turn an idea int an act.答案：hw 句意：——只有主意没用。——不要担心，彼得会教给你怎样把主意变为行动。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，根据句意，hw正确。
3．But nt everybdy wanted t use rckets in battles.但是并不是所有的人都想把火箭用到战争中。nt everybdy并不是全部否定，表示部分否定。Nt everybdy passed the examinatin.＝Smebdy didn't pass the examinatin.并不是所有的人都通过了考试。
I dn't want either f them.＝I want neither f them.两者我都不要。I dn't want bth f them. 两者我不都要。I want nne f the three. 三者我都不要。I dn't want all f the three. 三者我不都要。
链接：英语中有些副词如always, necessarily, whlly等在句中作状语，若句中含有nt，则本句话为部分否定，而非全部否定。①The rich men are nt always happy.有钱的人并非都幸福。②Fd that lks gd desn't necessarily taste gd.好看的食物并不一定好吃。
即学即用Jim sld mst f his things. He has hardly________(smething) left in the huse.答案：anything 句意为“吉姆卖掉了他的大部分东西 ，几乎没有任何东西剩下”。hardly为否定副词，所以要用anything。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The ________(火箭) gets farther int space.2．The prblem f ________(千年) Bug is said t have been slved by scientists.3．________(火药)was used in China as far back as the 11th century.4．The bmb ________(爆炸) suddenly, but nbdy was injured.
5．Time flies as swiftly as an________(箭), and the seasn passes as quickly as a stream.6．A ray f light usually travels in a ________(直的) line, but smetimes it bends.7．The cluds ________(消散) away and the stars shne very brightly.答案：1.rcket 2.Millennium 3.Gunpwder 4.explded 5.arrw 6.straight 7.cleared
Ⅱ.同义句转换1. The chairman made an intrductin f the lecturer t the audience.The chairman ________ the lecturer ________ the audience.2. The crwd in a panic fled in all directins.The crwd in a panic fled ________ ________ ________.3. They gt tgether t cngratulate him n his 50th birthday.They gt tgether t ________ his 50th birthday.
4. All students in this class are nt hardwrking.________ ________ ________ in this class is hardwrking.5. He was carried miles int space and became the wrld's first astrnaut.He was carried miles int space, ________ the wrld's first astrnaut.答案：1.intrduced; t 2.in every directin 3.celebrate 4.Nt every student 5.becming
Ⅲ.语法填空1．Dn't keep the dr________(pen) at night.答案：pen 句意：晚上不要让门开着。keep the dr pen“让门开着”。pen是形容词表状态，作宾补。2．—What an amazing film! It's the mst interesting film I've ever seen.—But I'm sure it wn't interest ________.答案：everybdy 本题考查部分否定的用法。由转折词but可知：尽管你认为那是一部最有趣的电影，但它并不一定令每一个人都感兴趣。nt everybdy“并非每一个人”。
3．The secret was cleared________ when he admitted he had been there all the time.答案：up 句意：当他承认他一直在那儿的时候，秘密就揭开了。clear up“消除(误会、疑虑)等”，符合句意。4．The bmb ________(explde) at 10：15 a．m. and killed 16 persns altgether.答案：explded 句意：炸弹在上午10：15爆炸，总共造成16人死亡。explde“爆炸”，由句意可知用一般过去时。
5．N matter hw much yu may dislike the adverts, there's n way t ________ them in an age f glbalizatin.答案：escape 句意：不论你多么不喜欢广告，在这个全球化的时代，没有办法能够逃避它们。escape“逃避，逃脱”，符合句意。6．Madam Curie________ the element f Radium(镭元素) while Bell________ the telephnes.答案：discvered; invented 句意：居里夫人发现了镭元素而贝尔发明了电话。discver“发现”指初次看见本来已存在但以前未被发现的事物。invent“发明”是指创造前所未有的事物。
7．Brn in Beijing, Yuan Lngping graduated________ Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in China in 1953.答案：frm 考查固定短语。graduate frm“毕业于……”。8．The firewrks didn't g upwards ________ a straight directin but explded at the spt.答案：in directin“方向，方位”，常和介词in搭配。
9．He was frtunate enugh t have escaped ________(kill) in that earthquake.答案：being killed 句意：他足够幸运以至于在地震中逃脱了死亡。escape ding sth.“逃脱做某事”，又因kill与he是动宾关系，故用动名词的被动形式。10．He ________ the questin f his absence in the presence f all his classmates.答案：cleared up clear up“解释，澄清，解决”。句意为：他当着全班同学的面澄清了他缺席的疑团。
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