2022届北京市顺义区高三（上）第一次统练英语试题含答案

这是一份2022届北京市顺义区高三（上）第一次统练英语试题含答案，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
顺义区2022届高三第一次统练
英语试卷
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Thursday would be huge. But when coach announced the championship game would be a night game on Thursday, Devin's heart ___1___. The concert was at the same time as the game. And Ms. Poltis had ___2___ Devin to sing a brief solo (独唱). Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title and he was a big reason — he ___3___ the league in scoring, Devin frowned (皱眉). He couldn't disappoint his team by ___4___ the game.
That night, Devin lay in bed, staring at the trophies (奖杯) from races, baseball leagues and free-throw contests which ___5___ his shelves. The solo was only four lines in the middle of a song, but the thought of singing ___6___ made him shiver (颤抖). He'd never sung a solo before. Now it was a relief to know he didn't have to. The soccer game was a perfect ___7___. While at the moment Ms. Poltis' words came to his mind "I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard, like the person in the song. And you have a very nice voice. So don't be nervous. Be proud." It was no secret that several other choir members had ___8___ singing voices than he did. But he liked the song, and he ___9___ how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was. Finally Devin made a choice and whispered the solo with ____10____, "no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…"
1. A. bled B. sank C. hurt D. beat
2. A. taught B. allowed C. chosen D. ordered
3. A. led B. won C. joined D. formed
4 A. watching B. playing C. entering D. skipping
5. A. lined B. piled C. covered D. decorated
6. A. loudly B. outside C. alone D. proudly
7. A. platform B. request C. condition D. excuse
8. A. louder B. stronger C. softer D. deeper
9. A. appreciated B. accepted C. confirmed D. praised
10. A. tension B. patience C. sorrow D. confidence
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Devin被Ms. Poltis选中参加独唱，因为怕唱不好而紧张，Devin想要拒绝；最后在Ms. Poltis的鼓励下，Ms. Poltis自信地参加了独唱。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当教练宣布冠军赛将是周四晚上的比赛时，Devin的心情变得沉重。A. bled流血； B. sank(心情)变得沉重；C. hurt受伤；D. beat跳动。根据后文“Devin frowned(皱眉)”可知，当教练宣布比赛时，Devin的心情变得沉重。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ms. Poltis 选择Devin来唱一段简短的独唱。A. taught教；B. allowed允许；C. chosen选择；D. ordered命令。根据第二段“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，Ms. Poltis 选择Devin来唱一段简短的独唱。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Devin认为足球队即将夺冠，他是他在得分方面领先联盟的一个重要原因，他皱起了眉头。A. led率领，处于领先地位；B. won赢得；C. joined加入；D. formed形成。根据空前“Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title ”可知，因为将要夺冠，由此可知，在得分上是领先的。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能不参加比赛而使他的球队失望。A. watching看；B. playing玩耍；C. entering进入；D. skipping跳过。根据前文“He couldn't disappoint his team”可知，Devin不想不参加比赛，这样会让球队失望。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，Devin躺在床上，盯着货架上摆满的比赛、棒球联赛和罚球比赛的奖杯。A. lined沿……排成行；B. piled堆放；C. covered覆盖；D. decorated装饰。由空前“trophies (奖杯)from races , baseball leagues and free-throw contests”可知，比赛中的获得的奖杯在架子上排成行。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这首独唱只有歌曲中间的四行，但一想到要独自唱，他就不寒而栗。A. loudly大声地；B. outside在外面；C. alone单独；D. proudly骄傲地。根据前文the solo可知，因为是独唱，所以此处指一个人唱歌。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球比赛是个完美的借口。A. platform站台，讲台；B. request要求；C. condition条件；D. excuse借口。根据前文“He'd never sung a solo before.”可知，因为Devin不想唱歌，所以足球比赛是个完美的借口。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唱诗班的其他几个成员的嗓音比他响亮，这已经不是什么秘密了。A. louder更大声的；B. stronger更响亮的；C. softer更柔软的；D. deeper更深的。根据前文“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，唱诗班的其他几个成员比他唱得好，由此可知，他们的嗓音也比Devin响亮。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他喜欢这首歌，他也感激Ms. Poltis一直以来的善良和鼓舞人心。A. appreciated感激；B. accepted接受；C. confirmed确认；D. praised赞扬。根据后文“how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was.”可知，Devin感激Ms. Poltis一直以来的善良和鼓舞人心。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，Devin做出了选择，自信地低声唱着独唱。A. tension紧张；B. patience耐心；C. sorrow悲伤；D. confidence自信。根据后文“no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…”可知，Devin自信地歌唱。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Five-year-old Naomi lost her teddy bear on a hiking path ___11___ the autumn of 2020. Teddy was the first gift Naomi’s parents gave to her. Despite ___12___ (constant) checking with the lost and found her family didn’t get the bear back. Fortunately, Ranger (护林员) Tom, ___13___ monitors actual bear activity, came across the teddy bear. He kept it and rode with it ___14___ a friend of the family spotted the bear and helped send it back home nearly a year later.
【答案】11. in##during
12. constantly
13. who 14. until##till##before
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了护林员Tom发现5岁Naomi丢失的泰迪熊，经过将近一年的时间，最终交给物主的故事。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意。2020年秋天，5岁的Naomi在徒步旅行途中丢失了她的泰迪熊。根据后文the autumn of 2020可知，此处应用介词in或during，构成介词短语，作时间状语。故填in/during。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意。尽管不断向失物招领处询问，但她的家人还是没能找回这只熊。修饰动词checking应用副词。故填constantly。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意。幸运的是，负责监测熊活动的护林员Tom偶然发现了这只泰迪熊。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tom，关系代词who引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代人。故填who。
【14题详解】
考查从属连词。句意。他一直留着这只熊，并且骑车带着它，直到她们家的一个朋友发现了这只熊，并在将近一年后帮忙把它送回家。根据句意可知，此处指“在她们家的一个朋友发现了这只熊之前，他一直留着这只熊，并且骑车带着它”，故可用until或till或before引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”，逻辑合理。故填until/till/before。

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Starch(淀粉) is the most important component of human food. Recently, Chinese scientists have created starch ___15___(use) CO2, hydrogen and electricity. Lab tests show that it is about 8.5 times more efficient than starch ___16___(produce) by traditional agriculture. In the near future, many countries ___17___(benefit) from the technology.
【答案】15. using
16. produced
17. will benefit
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我国科学家研发出了人造淀粉，许多国家将从中受益。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢和电制造出了淀粉。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语为have created所以动词use要以非谓语动词形式出现。非谓语动词use与其逻辑主语Chinese scientists之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填using。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：实验室测试表明，它的效率大约是传统农业生产淀粉的8.5倍。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为系动词is，所以动词produce要以非谓语动词形式出现。非谓语动词produce与其逻辑主语starch之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填produced。
17题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在不久的将来，许多国家将从这项技术中受益。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。根据时间状语“In the near future”以及句意可知，此处表达许多国家将从中受益，所以要用一般将来时。主语many countries和谓语benefit之间为主动关系。故填will benefit。

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
GBOWS is the largest research and preservation facility for rare and endangered plants and animals in Asia. For future study, the researchers have to collect the rare plant and record ___18___ (detail)of the plant, including where it ___19___(find), its size and the number of individual plants in the habitat. At GBOWS, seeds are stored in glass bottles and placed in huge freezers at-20℃. Each container has a label ___20___ (enable)scientists to view information about the seeds inside.
【答案】18. details
19. was found##is found
20. to enable
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚洲最大的珍稀濒危动植物研究GBOWS。
【18题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：为了未来的研究，研究人员必须收集这种稀有植物，并记录这种植物的细节，包括它被发现的地方，它的大小和栖息地中单个植物的数量。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作宾语，泛指多种细节，空处名词需用复数。故填details。
【19题详解】
考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处it指代前文的plant，指物是被发现的，所以空处谓语动词需用被动语态；结合句意和语境可知，此处可以表示事实，用一般现在时态的被动语态：am/is/are done，也可以表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是第三人称单数it，所以此处需用is或was。故填was found/is found。
【20题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：每个容器都有标签，科学家可以查看里面的种子信息。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词label。故填to enable。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A


2018 Wildlife Photographer of the Year was South African Skye Meaker, winner of a 45,000 entry competition, just 16 years of age. Skye has been published over the years in print media not just for his photography but also voicing his opinion on conservation in South Africa and the need for more young photographers out there. For Skye, photography is not just about the competitions entered and won but also the platform it affords him to create awareness about our natural world and conserving it in the long term.

Here is part of an interview to Skye from the Rational Perspective.
Host: How do you get to have the ability to see these animals in the wild?
Skye: Well, I've been fortunate enough that my parents are so passionate about the bush that it's just a by-product of me going on adventures with them that I've been able to pursue my photography because it's not something that every kid will like. I want wildlife photography. So it's quite a unique situation for me. It's something that I have been brought up and something I've been fortunate to experience.
Host: How do you take a good picture of a leopard?
Skye: I had been following Limpy (the Leopard) for many years and she holds a special place in my heart. I had grown alongside her. For me, the perfect shot is one where I feel as if I'm not really there. It's one where the animal is comfortable enough to behave as if I'm not there. I like to feel immersed in the moment and capture nature at its most natural. I like to focus on what I would like to see in the moment and what I feel. So in my winning picture I saw the peace and tranquillity of the moment, and that's what I tried to capture.
21. What does Skye think of photography?
A. A platform to show needs. B. A way to gain good reputation.
C. A chance to get close to natural world. D. A place to raise awareness of conservation.
22. Which of the following enables Skye to observe wild animals?
A. His learning experience. B. Winning the competition.
C. Adventuring with his parents. D. His photography knowledge.
23. What is the real reason for Skype's success?
A. He stayed in the wild peacefully. B. He captured the animal to take pictures.
C. He found a special place for the animal. D. He took the photo of the animal in its natural state.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是对2018年年度野生动物摄影师斯凯·米克尔的采访。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For Skye, photography is not just about the competitions entered and won but also the platform it affords him to create awareness about our natural world and conserving it in the long term.(对斯凯来说，摄影不仅仅是参加和赢得的比赛，而且是一个平台，它提供给他创造对自然世界的认识，并长期保护它)”可知，斯凯认为摄影一个提高保护意识的地方。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章斯凯对主持人的第一个问题的回答“Well, I've been fortunate enough that my parents are so passionate about the bush that it's just a by-product of me going on adventures with them that I've been able to pursue my photography because it's not something that every kid will like. I want wildlife photography. So it's quite a unique situation for me. It's something that I have been brought up and something I've been fortunate to experience. (我很幸运，我的父母对丛林充满热情，这只是我和他们一起探险的一个副产品，我能够继续我的摄影事业，因为这并不是每个孩子都会喜欢的事情。我想要野生动物摄影。所以这对我来说是一个非常独特的情况。这是我成长过程中很幸运的经历)”可知，和父母一起冒险使斯凯能够观察野生动物。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章斯凯对主持人的第二个问题的回答“For me, the perfect shot is one where I feel as if I'm not really there. It's one where the animal is comfortable enough to behave as if I'm not there. I like to feel immersed in the moment and capture nature at its most natural. I like to focus on what I would like to see in the moment and what I feel. So in my winning picture I saw the peace and tranquillity of the moment, and that's what I tried to capture. (对我来说，最完美的镜头就是我感觉自己好像不在那里。这是一种动物很舒服，表现得好像我不存在一样。我喜欢沉浸在当下，捕捉大自然最自然的一面。我喜欢专注于当下我想看到的和我的感觉。所以，在我的获奖作品中，我看到了那一刻的平静与安宁，而这正是我想要捕捉的)”可知，斯凯成功的真正原因是他给动物拍了一张自然状态的照片。故选D。
B
It has always been horrible for me to picture my life in old age. My recent visits to the senior care center, however, eased some of my fears and provided valuable food for thought.
Looking for meaningful ways to spend my weekends after my exams, I signed up to a program of arts and crafts for the elderly run by my schoolmates. I was informed that the Renci Nursing Home, where the program would be held, housed some of the less fortunate elderly in Singapore. Some background research gave me the impression that many of them suffered from physical issues and had little family support. As a result, I expected the atmosphere there to be discouraging. And, judging by the lack of interest in the painting activities, I truly sensed a feeling of purposelessness there. Given that we live in a society in which the bonds between the generations are weakening, perhaps the disappointing atmosphere in the home wasn’t surprising. The people were cut off from the ties that make life meaningful.
Is it safe to say then that our lives after retirement will likely feel aimless? But after I spoke to a Portuguese-Chinese man, I thought that this wasn’t necessarily so. At the age of 90, he displayed a surprisingly strong sense of control over his life. His liveliness was exceptional among the elderly population in the home. He had spent his life either traveling around the world as a backpacker, or working hard in Singapore to save up for his trips. He had made it a rule to learn foreign languages, exercise and eat healthily — something he continued to do during his stay in the nursing home.
While he spoke to me about how his time in London had shaped his view of cultural difference. I looked into his eves. I knew that this was the kind of control over life that I wanted for myself. I don't want to spend half of my time wandering about in foreign countries like he did, but I do want to appreciate the richness that life has to offer.
24. Why did the author go to the Renci Nursery Home?
A. Because it was run by his schoolmates. B. Because he meant to learn arts and crafts.
C. Because he wanted a significant weekend. D. Because it housed some less fortunate elderly.
25. Before the author entered the nursing home, he thought it was_______.
A. a place filled with depressions B. a place solving physical problems
C. a place full of impressive activities D. a place connecting different generations
26. What mainly helped the author change his attitude toward old age?
A. The hard work of the elderly. B. The liveliness of an old man.
C. The view of cultural difference. D. The care of the nursing home.
27. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Caring for the Elderly. B. Living by His Own Law.
C. Traveling on Our Way D. Preparing for the Old Age.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想象自己晚年的生活会是一件可怕的事，然而，在去了老年护理中心以后，缓解了恐惧并对生活充满了感激。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Looking for meaningful ways to spend my weekends after my exams, I signed up to a program of arts and crafts for the elderly run by my schoolmates. （考试后，为了寻找有意义的方式来度过我的周末，我报名参加了一个由我的同学为老年人开办的艺术和手工艺项目）”可知，作者去 the Renci Nursery Home是为了寻找有意义的方式来度过周末。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“As a result, I expected the atmosphere there to be discouraging. （因此，我预计那里的气氛会是令人沮丧的）”可知，作者在进入养老院之前，认为那里的气氛是令人沮丧的。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But after I spoke to a Portuguese-Chinese man, I thought that this wasn’tt necessarily so. At the age of 90, he displayed a surprisingly strong sense of control over his life. His liveliness was exceptional among the elderly population in the home. （但当我和一个葡萄牙华裔男子交谈后，我觉得情况并非如此。在90岁的时候，他表现出了一种令人惊讶的强烈的生活控制感。他在这个家里的老年人中特别活泼）”可知，是一个活泼的90岁老年人让作者改变了他对老年的态度。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者在养老院遇到一位90高龄，但仍然充满活力的老人，结合第三段“At the age of 90, he displayed a surprisingly strong sense of control over his life.（在90岁的时候，他表现出了一种令人惊讶的强烈的生活控制感）”和最后一段“I knew that this was the kind of control over life that I wanted for myself.（我知道这就是我想要的那种对生活的控制）”可知，老人对生活的控制，即“做自己人生的主人”，这种生活态度让作者推崇备至，这也是作者想表达的主题，所以B项“按自己的法则生活”是最佳标题。故选B。
C
Does college year seem a long way off? What about several years later? These are the dates to look toward when planning your career. The possibilities are prepared especially for those who see the big picture and have insight to research their options.
Students pick occupations for many reasons. Yet choosing something that simply sounds exciting may not be the best option. Familiarity with a career doesn’t automatically make it a good profession for you. Although no one can predict the future, it makes more sense to eye trends in the economy and the workplace before making that critical decision. Picking the right field will make landing a dream job after school a reality.
Having the ability to see the big picture is key. High school graduates should research the jobs that will be in demand in 10 to 20 years to determine the best future careers as they consider further schooling. According to one guidance counselor “The key word would be ‘explore’. Explore every option—don’t limit yourself or sell yourself short. Think that you can do whatever you want to do.” Choosing a career can be complicated because of today’s rapidly changing world.
According to Next Step Magazine, up-and-coming jobs are, not surprisingly, in healthcare including dentists, medical scientists. home health aides, etc. When choosing a career in healthcare, consider how attainable it is. How long will it take to complete the necessary program? Also consider the salary, status, and quality of life of that profession. Some jobs require long hours, weekends, and holidays, while others have more traditional hours.
Sometimes a job is significantly more difficult or tedious than it appears. Selecting a career because you want to make a difference in others’ lives becomes unsettling when you realize that crucial changes may not be possible due to complicated reasons.
A job’s total compensation package can be critical too. It’s not just about the salary. It’s about healthcare benefits, paid vacation, retirement plans, stock options and other perks often available to educated and specially trained individuals.
Keeping your options open, even if the career decision seems obvious, can work to your advantage. Continue to research responsibilities. To avoid disappointment, think ahead, and try to predict where the voids will be in the career market.
28. According to the first two paragraphs, students should__________.
A. consider their dreams critically B. have insight into their college year
C. research before making job decisions D. choose good professions automatically
29. As for job option, what would the author suggest high school graduates do?
A. Pick professions in health care. B. Make a difference in others’ lives.
C. Avoid occupations based on interests. D. Compare difficulties of different jobs
30. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Possibilities of finding a good profession. B. Factors to be considered for planning a career.
C. Abilities to be needed for future employment. D. Benefits of picking a right occupation
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高中生在做职业规划时，需考虑各种因素，在有洞察力的同时还要把握全局。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The possibilities are prepared especially for those who see the big picture and have insight to research their options.(这种可能性已经准备好了，特别是对于那些着眼于大局、有洞察力地研究他们的选择的人)”以及第二段“Although no one can predict the future, it makes more sense to eye trends in the economy and the workplace before making that critical decision.(虽然没有人能预测未来，但在做出这一关键决定之前，观察一下经济和工作场所的趋势更有意义)”可知，学生们在进行职业选择时，需要有洞察力同时还要着眼全局；在做职业选择前，还需要分析当前的形势。由此推知，学生们在进行职业选择前，需要全面把握做好研究。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Sometimes a job is significantly more difficult or tedious than it appears. Selecting a career because you want to make a difference in others’ lives becomes unsettling when you realize that crucial changes may not be possible due to complicated reasons(有时候，一项工作比它看起来的要困难得多或乏味得多。当你意识到由于复杂的原因可能无法实现关键的改变时，因为你想改变别人的生活而选择一份职业会让你感到不安。)”可知，有些工作会比看起来的更困难更加乏味，所以作者建议在选择工作时需要考虑对比不同工作的难度。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第一句“Students pick occupations for many reasons(学生选择职业有很多原因)”以及文章最后一段“Keeping your options open, even if the career decision seems obvious, can work to your advantage. Continue to research responsibilities. To avoid disappointment, think ahead, and try to predict where the voids will be in the career market.(即使职业选择是显而易见的，也要留有余地，这对你有好处。继续研究你的职责。为了避免失望，提前考虑，试着预测职业市场的空缺)”可知，本文主要介绍了高中生在进行职业规划时需要考虑的因素。所以B项Factors to be considered for planning a career(规划职业生涯需要考虑的因素)为最佳标题。故选B。
D
The idea of unplugged running is gaining steam in the fitness community, as recent studies show that being addicted to tracking fitness metrics can lead to negative mindsets and outcomes.
Eoin Whelan, a senior lecturer in business information systems at the National University of Ireland Galway, explores the psychology behind engagement with social media and fitness tracking apps. “People are getting more enjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that and sharing it with other people”, Whelan told CNN, adding that there is a big element of social comparison for those who use fitness tracking apps. “People will compare themselves to people who are better than them, who are running faster or running longer. And ultimately we know that makes them feel bad.”
Whelan also noted that people who are very reliant on smartwatches. fitness trackers or fitness apps are more likely to skip their workout if the batteries on their tracking devices are dead. It’s like we can’t interpret our own body signals. We are becoming very dependent on the technology to actually do that for us. When you ask some of the athletes a simple question like “how did you sleep last night?” they can’t answer unless they look at the data.
Other researches show that too much screen time, including looking at our smartwatch or fitness apps, has negative impacts on mental health. The information people gather from smartwatches and workout tracking apps can contribute to “information overload” problems. Having a constant flow of information due to technology can lead to stress, anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more. The more we allow notifications and alerts to beckon (吸引) us, the more stress and anxiety chemicals are released, making us on edge and our mental and emotional systems are flooded with a message that says, “check me now”. Some experts advocate us to create screen-free zones as well as taking “tech breaks”, where we set a 15-or 30-timer during which we don’t check our phone. The time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the anxiety of feeling we have to check in all the time.
Running watch-free is beneficial for more than just the casual jogger or weekend warrior. Some professionals also have had success with leaving their watches at home. Welsh runner Steve Jones famously set a world record at the 1984 Chicago Marathon without wearing a watch. He later told journalists he didn't even know he was on world record-pace until he crossed the finish line.
It’s not all negative, though. Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers. When using these technologies, some people tend to exercise for longer and at a higher intensity as well, which is all good for their physical well- being. So ditching the data might not be best for everyone.
31. According to Whelan, why do people involve themselves in fitness tracking apps?
A. Because they fail to interpret their own body signals.
B. Because they want to learn from those who exercise better.
C. Because they skip workout when their batteries run out.
D. Because they gain satisfaction when they see the data.
32. What could “tech breaks” do for us, according to Whelan?
A. They enable our mind to relax for a while. B. They allow us to check our phone at any time.
C. They expose our mind to crowded information. D. They release anxiety chemicals affecting us.
33. What does the underlined word “ditching” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Tracking. B. Abandoning. C. Analyzing. D. Collecting.
34. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Running watch-free gives people more motivation.
B. Professional runners do not wear a watch while training.
C. Information overload has bad effects on our mental health.
D. The setbacks of running watch-free outweigh the benefits.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的研究表明，沉迷于跟踪健身指标可能会导致消极的心态和结果。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People are getting more enjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that and sharing it with other people（人们从收集数据，分析数据并与他人分享中获得了更多乐趣）”可知，人们在沉迷于跟踪健身指标应用软件中获得了更多的乐趣，得到了满足感。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the anxiety of feeling we have to check in all the time（这个时间限制告诉我们的大脑，我们可以很快查看手机并且减少我们一直看手机的焦虑感）”可知，tech breaks可以让我们减少焦虑感，从而让大脑休息。故选A。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers（其他研究表明使用健康跟踪软件有许多好处）”可猜测ditching the data might not be best for everyone意思是“抛弃数据可能不是对每个人都是最好的”，故ditching意为“抛弃”，A. Tracking追踪；B. Abandoning抛弃；C. Analyzing分析；D. Collecting收集。故选B。
34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Having a constant flow of information due to technology can lead to stress, anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more（因为科技而不断地看信息可能导致压力，焦虑，失眠，抑郁以及更多）”可推断出，过多的信息对我们的精神健康有害。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Alternative medicine has become much more popular in the West in recent years. ___35___ And they are turning to treatments such as homeopathy, yoga, and acupuncture（针灸）to complement or sometimes even replace the western medicine.
Acupuncture is based on the idea that energy flows through the human body along 12 lines or meridians（经络）, which end up at the organs in the body. ___36___ To remove the blockage, an acupuncturist inserts（插入）very fine needles into the body at points along the meridians. This stimulates the flow of energy, and restores the patient's health.
Acupuncture only really became well-known in the West in the 1970s as people began to travel more frequently between the two areas of the world. ___37___ However in the last few years it has become more established as an alternative to western medical treatments, since clinical tests have shown that acupuncture is effective for some conditions. ___38___ Many sportspeople have experimented with acupuncture when fighting injury. Martina Hingis, the famous tennis player, had a wrist injury cured through treatment, and NBA legend Kobe Bryant also used acupuncture on his leg. It is also used to treat depression, stress and anxiety.
___39___ In the past some people have experienced allergic reactions, broken needles and even punctured lungs while being treated, although this is very uncommon.
A. The treatment is often used to relieve headaches, dental pain, etc.
B. Illness is the result of a blockage of the energy flow to these organs.
C. The treatment is thought to increase the body's resistance to infection.
D. In the Far East, acupuncture is used to treat a wide range of complaints.
E. However, before you go, check if the acupuncturist is qualified and registered.
F. At first, doctors in the West often doubted about the medical value of acupuncture.
G. It seems that people are becoming increasingly worried about the side effects of drugs.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. F 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸在西方的流行。
【35题详解】
根据前句“Alternative medicine has become much more popular in the West in recent years.(近年来，另类医学在西方越来越流行。)”可知，后句解释另类医学在西方越来越流行的原因，是担心药物的副作用。所以G“It seems that people are becoming increasingly worried about the side effects of drugs.(人们似乎越来越担心药物的副作用。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【36题详解】
根据前句“Acupuncture is based on the idea that energy flows through the human body along 12 lines or meridians（经络）, which end up at the organs in the body. (针灸的原理是，能量沿着人体的12条线或经络流动，最后到达人体的各个器官。)”和后句“To remove the blockage, an acupuncturist inserts（插入）very fine needles into the body at points along the meridians.(为了消除堵塞，针灸师将非常细的针沿经络穴位插入人体。)”可知，这里解释针灸能够治疗疾病的原因，是让器官能量流向通畅。所以B“Illness is the result of a blockage of the energy flow to these organs. (疾病是能量流向这些器官受阻的结果。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据后句“However in the last few years it has become more established as an alternative to western medical treatments, since clinical tests have shown that acupuncture is effective for some conditions. (然而，在过去的几年里，针灸已经成为西方医学治疗的一种替代方法，因为临床试验表明，针灸对某些疾病是有效的。)” 转折可知，针灸的医学价值起初是被怀疑的。所以F“At first, doctors in the West often doubted about the medical value of acupuncture. (起初，西方的医生经常怀疑针灸的医学价值。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据前句“However in the last few years it has become more established as an alternative to western medical treatments, since clinical tests have shown that acupuncture is effective for some conditions. (然而，在过去的几年里，针灸已经成为西方医学治疗的一种替代方法，因为临床试验表明，针灸对某些疾病是有效的。)”可知，后句具体说明哪些疾病针灸有效。所以A“The treatment is often used to relieve headaches, dental pain, etc. (这种治疗常用于减轻头痛、牙痛等。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据后句“In the past some people have experienced allergic reactions, broken needles and even punctured lungs while being treated, although this is very uncommon. (在过去，一些人在接受治疗时经历过过敏反应、断针甚至刺穿肺部，尽管这是非常罕见的。)”可知，为了避免针灸的不良反应，应该选择正规的针灸师。所以E“However, before you go, check if the acupuncturist is qualified and registered. (然而，在你去之前，检查一下针灸师是否有资格和注册。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40，41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Some people see colours when they hear different sounds. Others see colours when they see words and numbers printed in black and white. These interesting people are called synaesthetes, and what they experience is called synaesthesia.
A study at the University of Sussex is finding out how learning to see sounds as colours or think of letters in colour could improve your IQ and memory. One of the study leaders, Dr Bor says that carrying out these tests has given them the opportunity to find out more about how people use different kinds of memory.
Dr Bor based his latest research around something scientists already know a lot about—" chunking". He explains that this is a way of breaking large pieces of information into smaller units, to make it easier to remember. "When I give you my phone number, 01274737215, you probably remember it as 012 74 7372 15, or something similar. If you can remember 012 and the first 74, you can remember the rest. You can get some amazing benefits from chunking!"
This is really important for understanding synaesthesia. Dr Bor says that synaesthesia adds extra information to things that are difficult to remember, such as letters and numbers, or extra colours. This helps us remember things better. And Dr Bor's own study of one amazing person, who has both synaesthesia and a very strong memory advantage, supports this idea as well.
The study began as a way to test whether synaesthesia is connected to greater abilities to do certain things and aimed to create a way of learning synaesthesia to develop benefits for everyone. After training, people were able to pass the normal synaesthesia tests, and their IQ jumped up about 12 points! But Dr Bor says they need to test the increase in IQ with different groups of people apart from clever students who took part in this study.
40. According to the passage, when do people experience synaesthesia?
41. How can synaesthesia help improve memory?
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why?
Dr Bor has proved that the IQ of people from different groups was able to improve about 12 points after learning synaesthesia.
43. Besides synaesthesia, what do you think are some other ways to improve your memory?（In about 40 words）
【答案】40. People experience Synaesthesia when they see colours while hearing different sounds or seeing words and numbers printed in black and white.
41. By adding extra information to things that are difficult to remember, such as letters and numbers, or extra colours.
42. Dr Bor has proved that the IQ of people from different groups was able to improve about12 points after learning synaesthesia.
Dr Bor has proved that clever students’ IQ was able to jump up about 12 points after learning synaesthesia.
Dr Bor says they need to test the increase in IQ with different groups of people apart from clever students who took part in this study.
43. 言之有理即可。Possible answer：In order to improve our memory we can do new things and change our daily habits to keep our brain active. We can also try to memorize something new and play Maths puzzle to get lots of regular exercise.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明通感能够提升人的智商和记忆力。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Some people see colours when they hear different sounds. Others see colours when they see words and numbers printed in black and white. These interesting people are called synaesthetes, and what they experience is called synaesthesia.（有些人听到不同的声音时会看到颜色。其他人看到黑白印刷的单词和数字时会看到颜色。这些有趣的人被称为通感者，他们所经历的被称为通感。）”可知，当人们听到不同的声音，或看到黑白印刷的单词和数字时能看到颜色，就会产生通感。故答案为People experience Synaesthesia when they see colours while hearing different sounds or seeing words and numbers printed in black and white.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Dr Bor says that synaesthesia adds extra information to things that are difficult to remember, such as letters and numbers, or extra colours.（博尔博士说，通感为难以记忆的事物增加了额外的信息，例如字母和数字，或额外的颜色。）”可知，通感能提升记忆力是通过为难以记忆的事物增加了额外的信息，例如字母和数字，或者额外的颜色，故答案为By adding extra information to things that are difficult to remember, such as letters and numbers, or extra colours.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“After training, people were able to pass the normal synaesthesia tests, and their IQ jumped up about 12 points! But Dr Bor says they need to test the increase in IQ with different groups of people apart from clever students who took part in this study（经过训练，人们能够通过正常的通感测试，他们的智商提高了约12分！但是博尔博士说，除了参加这项研究的聪明学生之外，他们还需要对不同人群的智商增长进行测试）”可知，测试后能提高约12分的是聪明的学生，而他们还需要对不同人群的智商增长进行测试，故答案为Dr Bor has proved that the IQ of people from different groups was able to improve about12 points after learning synaesthesia. Dr Bor has proved that clever students’ IQ was able to jump up about 12 points after learning synaesthesia. Dr Bor says they need to test the increase in IQ with different groups of people apart from clever students who took part in this study.
【43题详解】
开放试题。Possible answer：In order to improve our memory we can do new things and change our daily habits to keep our brain active. We can also try to memorize something new and play Maths puzzle to get lots of regular exercise.(为了提高我们的记忆力，我们可以做新的事情，改变我们的日常习惯，以保持我们的大脑活跃。我们也可以试着记住一些新的东西，玩数学谜题来得到很多有规律的锻炼)言之有理即可。
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国学生的寒假生活很感兴趣，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 介绍寒假相关信息；
2. 说明自己的寒假安排。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m very glad to introduce Chinese students’ winter vacation to you.
Winter vacation usually starts in January and ends in February. It is the time when the weather in the north is the coldest and the Spring Festival, the most important traditional festival for Chinese people, is celebrated.
This winter vacation will be extremely exciting for a sports fan like me because I will enjoy watching the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Besides, as a senior three student, I will schedule my study and follow it to make my holiday more rewarding.
What about your recent holiday? Do you have anything interesting to share? Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim写一封电子邮件，向他介绍中国学生的寒假生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开始：begin→start
重要的：significant→important
极其：most→extremely
收到某人来信：get a letter from→hear from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Do you have anything interesting to share?
拓展句：Do you have anything that is interesting to share?
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is the time when the weather in the north is the coldest and the Spring Festival, the most important traditional festival for Chinese people, is celebrated. (运用了when引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】This winter vacation will be extremely exciting for a sports fan like me because I will enjoy watching the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. (运用了because引导的时间状语从句以及非谓语动词作宾语)